BACKGROUND Emphysematous pyelonephritis(EPN)is a severe acute necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma and surrounding tissues that causes the presence of gas in the renal parenchyma,collecting system,or perineph...BACKGROUND Emphysematous pyelonephritis(EPN)is a severe acute necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma and surrounding tissues that causes the presence of gas in the renal parenchyma,collecting system,or perinephric tissue and has a poor prognosis.EPN occurs primarily in people with diabetes mellitus(DM),but can occur in those without DM when the associated renoureteral unit is obstructed.CASE SUMMARY We describe our experience with six patients who developed EPN.Five patients had DM,including one with diabetic ketoacidosis,one with multisystem involvements,including eye,lung and brain.Bilateral urolithiasis was present in one case,along with emphysematous cystitis.Unilateral kidney stones were present in one patient.One patient was an older man in poor general health.Five individuals survived and underwent surgical procedures including ureteral stent installation(Double J stent placement),percutaneous nephrostomy and perinephric abscess puncture drainage,while one died because the patient’s family chose to terminate therapy.Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were the microorganisms implicated.CONCLUSION We conclude that EPN is a potentially fatal illness.A positive outcome necessitates early detection.Therapeutic measures should be implemented as soon as a diagnosis is made.展开更多
Hepatic TNF production following gramnegative bacteremia or hypovolemic shock predisposes to acute lung injury. However, TNF expression may be modified by the manner in which the hepatic O2 supply is reduced and equal...Hepatic TNF production following gramnegative bacteremia or hypovolemic shock predisposes to acute lung injury. However, TNF expression may be modified by the manner in which the hepatic O2 supply is reduced and equally important, its timing relative to bacteremia. Brief secondary hypoxic stress of bufferperfused rat livers downregulates E. Coli (EC)induced TNF expression whereas lowflow ischemia preceding EC increases subsequent TNF production owing to reactive O2 species (ROS). Here we determined whether 30 min of constantflow hypoxia preceding 109 intraportal EC likewise increases antigenic and bioactive TNF protein concentrations during reoxygenation via production of ROS. Multiple groups (n=38) were studied over 180 minutes, circulation antigenic TNF decreased in H/R+EC vs. EC controls (1 939640 vs. 12 4072 476 g/L at t=180 min; P<001, along with TNF bioactivity). TNF protein were not restored to control levels in ALLO+H/R+EC. Thus, ECinduced hepatic TNF production and export is strongly O2dependent in intact liver regardless of the generation of ROS or the sequence of bacteremia and modest hypoxic stress.展开更多
Huanglongbing(HLB),also known as citrus greening disease,is considered a serious threat to global citrus production.HLB is primarily caused by the gramnegative bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus(CLas),which i...Huanglongbing(HLB),also known as citrus greening disease,is considered a serious threat to global citrus production.HLB is primarily caused by the gramnegative bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus(CLas),which is unculturable,phloem-limited,and mainly transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid(Diaphorina citri)(Bassanezi et al.,2020;Wang,2019).HLB leads to severe economic losses because of its rapid dissemination,lack of known resistant germplasm,and severe detrimental effects on fruit yield and quality(Bassanezi et al.,2020).展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Emphysematous pyelonephritis(EPN)is a severe acute necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma and surrounding tissues that causes the presence of gas in the renal parenchyma,collecting system,or perinephric tissue and has a poor prognosis.EPN occurs primarily in people with diabetes mellitus(DM),but can occur in those without DM when the associated renoureteral unit is obstructed.CASE SUMMARY We describe our experience with six patients who developed EPN.Five patients had DM,including one with diabetic ketoacidosis,one with multisystem involvements,including eye,lung and brain.Bilateral urolithiasis was present in one case,along with emphysematous cystitis.Unilateral kidney stones were present in one patient.One patient was an older man in poor general health.Five individuals survived and underwent surgical procedures including ureteral stent installation(Double J stent placement),percutaneous nephrostomy and perinephric abscess puncture drainage,while one died because the patient’s family chose to terminate therapy.Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were the microorganisms implicated.CONCLUSION We conclude that EPN is a potentially fatal illness.A positive outcome necessitates early detection.Therapeutic measures should be implemented as soon as a diagnosis is made.
文摘Hepatic TNF production following gramnegative bacteremia or hypovolemic shock predisposes to acute lung injury. However, TNF expression may be modified by the manner in which the hepatic O2 supply is reduced and equally important, its timing relative to bacteremia. Brief secondary hypoxic stress of bufferperfused rat livers downregulates E. Coli (EC)induced TNF expression whereas lowflow ischemia preceding EC increases subsequent TNF production owing to reactive O2 species (ROS). Here we determined whether 30 min of constantflow hypoxia preceding 109 intraportal EC likewise increases antigenic and bioactive TNF protein concentrations during reoxygenation via production of ROS. Multiple groups (n=38) were studied over 180 minutes, circulation antigenic TNF decreased in H/R+EC vs. EC controls (1 939640 vs. 12 4072 476 g/L at t=180 min; P<001, along with TNF bioactivity). TNF protein were not restored to control levels in ALLO+H/R+EC. Thus, ECinduced hepatic TNF production and export is strongly O2dependent in intact liver regardless of the generation of ROS or the sequence of bacteremia and modest hypoxic stress.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172385,32320103010)。
文摘Huanglongbing(HLB),also known as citrus greening disease,is considered a serious threat to global citrus production.HLB is primarily caused by the gramnegative bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus(CLas),which is unculturable,phloem-limited,and mainly transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid(Diaphorina citri)(Bassanezi et al.,2020;Wang,2019).HLB leads to severe economic losses because of its rapid dissemination,lack of known resistant germplasm,and severe detrimental effects on fruit yield and quality(Bassanezi et al.,2020).
