Objectives: We hypothesized that the organisms and their organs or tissues could adapt themselves to the gradual changes of environment for surviving or reducing damage. This study explored whether gradual clamping (G...Objectives: We hypothesized that the organisms and their organs or tissues could adapt themselves to the gradual changes of environment for surviving or reducing damage. This study explored whether gradual clamping (GC) could reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rat heart. Methods: Twelve rats were randomized to IR group and GC group, then the hearts were isolated and perfused with Langendorff apparatus. Before cardioplegia, the perfusion was stopped abruptly in IR group while slowly with 5-minute in GC group. The hearts were subjected to 30-minute ischemia and 60-minute reperfusion. The left ventricular develop pressure (LVDP) and systolic pressure (LVSP), the maximal rate of the increase and decrease of left ventricular pressure (+dp/dt<sub>max</sub>, ﹣dp/dt<sub>max</sub>) were measured by polygraph system at different time points. The recovery of the variables was expressed as the ratio of these values at individual time point after reperfusion to the baseline respectively. Results: The recovery of LVDP after reperfusion was better than that in IR group (P = 0.034). No significant difference in the recovery of LVSP, +dp/dtmax and ﹣dp/dt<sub>max</sub> between groups was observed. Conclusions: Gradual clamping could improve the recovery of LVDP after IR, suggesting that gradual clamping could reduce myocardial IR injury.展开更多
The microstructure characteristics of AlSiCuMg cast alloys were studied withdifferent Cu content and the gradual solution treatment by DSC, SEM, TEM and mechanical method. Themelting point of alpha (Al) + Si decreases...The microstructure characteristics of AlSiCuMg cast alloys were studied withdifferent Cu content and the gradual solution treatment by DSC, SEM, TEM and mechanical method. Themelting point of alpha (Al) + Si decreases and polynary eutectic phases with low melting point formwith increase of Cu content. Gradual solution treatment includes two steps: solution treating nearthe melting point of polynary eutectic phase to take it dissolve first, and then increasing solutiontemperature to take the remainder copper intermetallics dissolved into alpha (Al). Grain boundariesmelting can be avoided by gradual solution treatment, even the maximum solution temperature isabove final solidification point, and the age hardening response increases correspondingly展开更多
The effects of warm-rolling process on the microstructure, ordering, mechanical properties and cold- rolling workability of Fe-6.Swt%Si alloy were investigated, where three processes of warm-rolling with the same tota...The effects of warm-rolling process on the microstructure, ordering, mechanical properties and cold- rolling workability of Fe-6.Swt%Si alloy were investigated, where three processes of warm-rolling with the same total reduction of 93% were used, including （1） 500 ℃/12 passes/total reduction of 93%, （2） 500 ℃13 passes/total reduction of 50% ＋ 400 ℃19 passes/total reduction of 86%, and （3） 500 ℃13 passes/total reduction of 50% ＋ 400 ℃15 passes/total reduction of 60% ＋ 300 ℃14 passes/total reduction of 64%. The results show that compared with process （1） warm-rolling with constant temperature of 500 ℃, process （2） and process （3） warm-rolling with gradually decreasing temperature can significantly improve the room temperature plasticity and cold-rolling workability of the Fe-6.5wt%Si alloy. For example, the three point bending fracture deflections are increased by 54.5% and 81.8% for processes （2） and （3）, respectively, and the maximum reductions of single pass cold-rolling without edge crack are increased from 50% of process （1） to 55% of process （2） and 62% of process （3）, respectively. The plasticity improvement of the Fe- 6.5wt%Si alloy can be attributed to both reductions of surface oxidation degree and order degree of the alloy by warm-rolling with gradually decreasing temperature.展开更多
The effect zones of layer face for RCC （rolled control concrete） dam have gradual change characteristics. Based on the analysis thought of complex material, a model was built to analyze above principle of RCC dam by...The effect zones of layer face for RCC （rolled control concrete） dam have gradual change characteristics. Based on the analysis thought of complex material, a model was built to analyze above principle of RCC dam by use of series-wound and shunt-wound connection. Some methods were proposed to determine the instantaneous Young＇s modulus, delayed Young＇s modulus and viscosity coefficient of effect zones of layer face. Above models and methods were used to mine the principle of gradual change of key calculation parameters which can response the characteristics of effect zones. The principle of gradual change was described. A model was established to analyze the threedimensional viscoelastic problem of RCC dam. Above programs were developed. The examples show that the proposed models and methods to determine the key calculation parameters of effect zones can reflect the status of RCC dam accurately.展开更多
In this paper, a new method named as the gradually descent method was proposed to solve the discrete global optimization problem. With the aid of an auxiliary function, this method enables to convert the problem of fi...In this paper, a new method named as the gradually descent method was proposed to solve the discrete global optimization problem. With the aid of an auxiliary function, this method enables to convert the problem of finding one discrete minimizer of the objective function f to that of finding another at each cycle. The auxiliary function can ensure that a point, except a prescribed point, is not its integer stationary point if the value of objective function at the point is greater than the scalar which is chosen properly. This property leads to a better minimizer of f found more easily by some classical local search methods. The computational results show that this algorithm is quite efficient and reliable for solving nonlinear integer programming problems.展开更多
This study involved outcrop,drilling,seismic,gravity,and magnetic data to systematically document the geological records of the subduction process of Proto-South China Sea(PSCS)and establish its evolution model.The re...This study involved outcrop,drilling,seismic,gravity,and magnetic data to systematically document the geological records of the subduction process of Proto-South China Sea(PSCS)and establish its evolution model.The results indicate that a series of arc-shaped ophiolite belts and calcalkaline magmatic rocks are developed in northern Borneo,both of which have the characteristics of gradually changing younger from west to east,and are direct signs of subduction and collision of PSCS.At the same time,the subduction of PSCS led to the formation of three accretion zones from the south to the north in Borneo,the Kuching belt,Sibu belt,and Miri belt.The sedimentary formation of northern Borneo is characterized by a three-layer structure,with the oceanic basement at the bottom,overlying the deep-sea flysch deposits of the Rajang–Crocker group,and the molasse sedimentary sequence that is dominated by river-delta and shallow marine facies at the top,recording the whole subduction–collision–orogeny process of PSCS.Further,seismic reflection and tomography also confirmed the subduction and collision of PSCS.Based on the geological records of the subduction and collision of PSCS,combined with the comprehensive analysis of segmented expansion and key tectonic events in the South China Sea,we establish the“gradual”subduction-collision evolution model of PSCS.During the late Eocene to middle Miocene,the Zengmu,Nansha,and Liyue–Palawan blocks were separated by West Baram Line and Balabac Fault,which collided with the Borneo block and Kagayan Ridge successively from the west to the east,forming several foreland basin systems,and PSCS subducted and closed from the west to the east.The subduction and extinction of PSCS controlled the oil and gas distribution pattern of southern South China Sea(SSCS)mainly in three aspects.First,the“gradual”closure process of PSCS led to the continuous development of many large deltas in SSCS.Second,the deltas formed during the subduction–collision of PSCS controlled the development of source rocks in the basins of SSCS.Macroscopically,the distribution and scale of deltas controlled the distribution and scale of source rocks,forming two types of source rocks,namely,coal measures and terrestrial marine facies.Microscopically,the difference of terrestrial higher plants carried by the delta controlled the proportion of macerals of source rocks.Third,the difference of source rocks mainly controlled the distribution pattern of oil and gas in SSCS.Meanwhile,the difference in the scale of source rocks mainly controlled the difference in the amount of oil and gas discoveries,resulting in a huge amount of oil and gas discoveries in the basin of SSCS.Meanwhile,the difference of macerals of source rocks mainly controlled the difference of oil and gas generation,forming the oil and gas distribution pattern of“nearshore oil and far-shore gas”.展开更多
The passivation layers at the front of the cell are often referred as to the window layer because it must be transparent so as the solar cell has a high efficiency. In this work, numerical simulation has been proposed...The passivation layers at the front of the cell are often referred as to the window layer because it must be transparent so as the solar cell has a high efficiency. In this work, numerical simulation has been proposed to study the effect of the AlGaAs gradual and normal windows on the cell sensitivity to the electron irradiation so as to passivate the solar cell. To expect the effect of gradual window layers, the J-V and P-V characteristics are confirmed better energy conversion performance of the illuminated solar cells after irradiation. The short circuit current Jsc and the open circuit voltage Voc are evaluated for different electron irradiation fluencies. The results show how the gradual window layer improves resistance to electron irradiation through its own parameters.展开更多
Introduction: Gastroschisis is one of the neonatal pathologies with bad prognosis in developing countries due to a lack of equipment. We aim to report one way of managing this malformation that could be practised ever...Introduction: Gastroschisis is one of the neonatal pathologies with bad prognosis in developing countries due to a lack of equipment. We aim to report one way of managing this malformation that could be practised everywhere, constituting an alternative approach to surgery in poor areas. Patients and Methods: This observational and descriptive study included newborn babies with gastroschisis who underwent gradual bedside reduction at the Paediatric Surgery Department of the Yaounde Central Hospital. Results: Our cohort was constituted by 32 newborn babies with a mean age of 18.12 hours on admission. The Lefort type 2 was the most frequent in 81.25% of cases. The mean time for oral feeding after complete reduction was 17.4 days and the duration of hospital stay was 24.91 days. Survival rates were at 40.63%, with a residual hernia after healing in 38.46% of cases. Conclusion: Despite the high rate of mortality, gradual reduction of gastroschisis at the bedside seems to be an opportunity for resource constrained areas and can be an alternative solution to surgery.展开更多
In order to ensure the steady development of our science, the Chinese government has continuously increased input in the last ten years. Information from the State Statistics Bureau shows that by the end of 1994, the ...In order to ensure the steady development of our science, the Chinese government has continuously increased input in the last ten years. Information from the State Statistics Bureau shows that by the end of 1994, the national institutions and enterprises boasted 18.659 million technical experts, 4.3 times the number in 1978, or 1258 technical experts every ten thousand people, redoubling that of 1978. The whole country has 5860 independent scientific research and development (R & D) institutions,展开更多
The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of gradual water deficit stress on some phonological and morphological traits and grain yield of desi and kabuli chickpea cultivars. This study was carried out in ...The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of gradual water deficit stress on some phonological and morphological traits and grain yield of desi and kabuli chickpea cultivars. This study was carried out in 2007 and 2008, to evaluate responses of three chickpea cultivars （Hashem and Arman from kabuli and Pirooz from desi type） under well watering （I1： 70mm evaporation from class A pan）, gradual water deficit （12 and 13： 70→90→ 110→130 and 70→100→130mm evaporation from class A pan, respectively） and severe water stress （14： 130mm evaporation from class A pan）. Result showed that days to flowering and plant height were decreased, as water limitation increased. This reduction was significant under gradual water stress （I2 and I3） and Severe water deficit （I4）, compared with control （I1）. There were no significant differences in grain filling period and grain yield among I~, I2 and I3 irrigation treatments. No significant differences in days to physiologic maturity and number of sub branches were recorded among irrigation treatments. Interactions of year×cultivar for days to physiologic maturity, grain filling period and grain yield （P≤0.01） and for days to flowering and plant height （P≤0.05） were significant. The superiority of Arman in producing comparatively greater grain yield could be attributed to higher grain filling period of this cultivar in both years.展开更多
How to disambiguate the four narrators'narratives is the critical step to understand the whole work of The Sound and The Fury. With the gradualness produced by the ambiguous narrators'narration of juxtapositio...How to disambiguate the four narrators'narratives is the critical step to understand the whole work of The Sound and The Fury. With the gradualness produced by the ambiguous narrators'narration of juxtaposition of modern and traditional narration,another synchronized gradualness of Caddy is discovered,too. On the basis of deconstruction and psycho - analyses,rich and deep significance is illustrated by elucidation of narrative gradualness,as a new way to disambiguate the narrators'narration.展开更多
为了解产热对动物免疫能力的影响,通过肩胛间褐色脂肪组织(interscapular brown adipose tissue,IBAT)切除术和低温处理,将雌性黑线仓鼠(Cricetulus barabensis)随机分为常温假切组(warm BAT sham‑removed group,WS,n=5)、低温假切组(co...为了解产热对动物免疫能力的影响,通过肩胛间褐色脂肪组织(interscapular brown adipose tissue,IBAT)切除术和低温处理,将雌性黑线仓鼠(Cricetulus barabensis)随机分为常温假切组(warm BAT sham‑removed group,WS,n=5)、低温假切组(cold BAT sham‑removed group,CS,n=7)和低温切除组(cold BAT removed group,CR,n=8),比较了产热和免疫器官大小及血液指标和免疫功能的差异。结果发现,切除IBAT或逐渐降温均不影响雌性黑线仓鼠的体质量和身体成分,但低温导致总脂肪质量下降。切除IBAT不影响肝脏、脾脏和胸腺等器官的鲜质量,提示器官水平产热和免疫之间无权衡关系,但逐渐降温增加了小肠鲜质量及长度、结肠鲜质量、总消化道长,暗示为满足低温下的高能量需求,其加工食物的能力和消化能力均有所增强。切除IBAT或逐渐降温不影响植物血球凝集素反应峰值,以及白细胞、淋巴细胞、中间粒细胞和中性粒细胞的数量。低温或切除IBAT不影响雌性黑线仓鼠的免疫功能。展开更多
文摘Objectives: We hypothesized that the organisms and their organs or tissues could adapt themselves to the gradual changes of environment for surviving or reducing damage. This study explored whether gradual clamping (GC) could reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rat heart. Methods: Twelve rats were randomized to IR group and GC group, then the hearts were isolated and perfused with Langendorff apparatus. Before cardioplegia, the perfusion was stopped abruptly in IR group while slowly with 5-minute in GC group. The hearts were subjected to 30-minute ischemia and 60-minute reperfusion. The left ventricular develop pressure (LVDP) and systolic pressure (LVSP), the maximal rate of the increase and decrease of left ventricular pressure (+dp/dt<sub>max</sub>, ﹣dp/dt<sub>max</sub>) were measured by polygraph system at different time points. The recovery of the variables was expressed as the ratio of these values at individual time point after reperfusion to the baseline respectively. Results: The recovery of LVDP after reperfusion was better than that in IR group (P = 0.034). No significant difference in the recovery of LVSP, +dp/dtmax and ﹣dp/dt<sub>max</sub> between groups was observed. Conclusions: Gradual clamping could improve the recovery of LVDP after IR, suggesting that gradual clamping could reduce myocardial IR injury.
基金This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50071028)the Shandong Natural Science Foundation of China (No.Z2001F02)
文摘The microstructure characteristics of AlSiCuMg cast alloys were studied withdifferent Cu content and the gradual solution treatment by DSC, SEM, TEM and mechanical method. Themelting point of alpha (Al) + Si decreases and polynary eutectic phases with low melting point formwith increase of Cu content. Gradual solution treatment includes two steps: solution treating nearthe melting point of polynary eutectic phase to take it dissolve first, and then increasing solutiontemperature to take the remainder copper intermetallics dissolved into alpha (Al). Grain boundariesmelting can be avoided by gradual solution treatment, even the maximum solution temperature isabove final solidification point, and the age hardening response increases correspondingly
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2011CB606300)the National HighTech Research and Development Program of China(No.2012AA03A505)
文摘The effects of warm-rolling process on the microstructure, ordering, mechanical properties and cold- rolling workability of Fe-6.Swt%Si alloy were investigated, where three processes of warm-rolling with the same total reduction of 93% were used, including （1） 500 ℃/12 passes/total reduction of 93%, （2） 500 ℃13 passes/total reduction of 50% ＋ 400 ℃19 passes/total reduction of 86%, and （3） 500 ℃13 passes/total reduction of 50% ＋ 400 ℃15 passes/total reduction of 60% ＋ 300 ℃14 passes/total reduction of 64%. The results show that compared with process （1） warm-rolling with constant temperature of 500 ℃, process （2） and process （3） warm-rolling with gradually decreasing temperature can significantly improve the room temperature plasticity and cold-rolling workability of the Fe-6.5wt%Si alloy. For example, the three point bending fracture deflections are increased by 54.5% and 81.8% for processes （2） and （3）, respectively, and the maximum reductions of single pass cold-rolling without edge crack are increased from 50% of process （1） to 55% of process （2） and 62% of process （3）, respectively. The plasticity improvement of the Fe- 6.5wt%Si alloy can be attributed to both reductions of surface oxidation degree and order degree of the alloy by warm-rolling with gradually decreasing temperature.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.50579010, 50539010)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No.2002CB412707)the National Basic Research Program of Ministry of Water Resources, China (No.CT200612)
文摘The effect zones of layer face for RCC （rolled control concrete） dam have gradual change characteristics. Based on the analysis thought of complex material, a model was built to analyze above principle of RCC dam by use of series-wound and shunt-wound connection. Some methods were proposed to determine the instantaneous Young＇s modulus, delayed Young＇s modulus and viscosity coefficient of effect zones of layer face. Above models and methods were used to mine the principle of gradual change of key calculation parameters which can response the characteristics of effect zones. The principle of gradual change was described. A model was established to analyze the threedimensional viscoelastic problem of RCC dam. Above programs were developed. The examples show that the proposed models and methods to determine the key calculation parameters of effect zones can reflect the status of RCC dam accurately.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10271073)
文摘In this paper, a new method named as the gradually descent method was proposed to solve the discrete global optimization problem. With the aid of an auxiliary function, this method enables to convert the problem of finding one discrete minimizer of the objective function f to that of finding another at each cycle. The auxiliary function can ensure that a point, except a prescribed point, is not its integer stationary point if the value of objective function at the point is greater than the scalar which is chosen properly. This property leads to a better minimizer of f found more easily by some classical local search methods. The computational results show that this algorithm is quite efficient and reliable for solving nonlinear integer programming problems.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.91528303the National Science and Technology Major Project under contract No.2016ZX05026-004the CNOOC Basic Geology and Exploration Strategy of Natural Gas in the South China Sea under contract No.2021-KT-YXKY-05。
文摘This study involved outcrop,drilling,seismic,gravity,and magnetic data to systematically document the geological records of the subduction process of Proto-South China Sea(PSCS)and establish its evolution model.The results indicate that a series of arc-shaped ophiolite belts and calcalkaline magmatic rocks are developed in northern Borneo,both of which have the characteristics of gradually changing younger from west to east,and are direct signs of subduction and collision of PSCS.At the same time,the subduction of PSCS led to the formation of three accretion zones from the south to the north in Borneo,the Kuching belt,Sibu belt,and Miri belt.The sedimentary formation of northern Borneo is characterized by a three-layer structure,with the oceanic basement at the bottom,overlying the deep-sea flysch deposits of the Rajang–Crocker group,and the molasse sedimentary sequence that is dominated by river-delta and shallow marine facies at the top,recording the whole subduction–collision–orogeny process of PSCS.Further,seismic reflection and tomography also confirmed the subduction and collision of PSCS.Based on the geological records of the subduction and collision of PSCS,combined with the comprehensive analysis of segmented expansion and key tectonic events in the South China Sea,we establish the“gradual”subduction-collision evolution model of PSCS.During the late Eocene to middle Miocene,the Zengmu,Nansha,and Liyue–Palawan blocks were separated by West Baram Line and Balabac Fault,which collided with the Borneo block and Kagayan Ridge successively from the west to the east,forming several foreland basin systems,and PSCS subducted and closed from the west to the east.The subduction and extinction of PSCS controlled the oil and gas distribution pattern of southern South China Sea(SSCS)mainly in three aspects.First,the“gradual”closure process of PSCS led to the continuous development of many large deltas in SSCS.Second,the deltas formed during the subduction–collision of PSCS controlled the development of source rocks in the basins of SSCS.Macroscopically,the distribution and scale of deltas controlled the distribution and scale of source rocks,forming two types of source rocks,namely,coal measures and terrestrial marine facies.Microscopically,the difference of terrestrial higher plants carried by the delta controlled the proportion of macerals of source rocks.Third,the difference of source rocks mainly controlled the distribution pattern of oil and gas in SSCS.Meanwhile,the difference in the scale of source rocks mainly controlled the difference in the amount of oil and gas discoveries,resulting in a huge amount of oil and gas discoveries in the basin of SSCS.Meanwhile,the difference of macerals of source rocks mainly controlled the difference of oil and gas generation,forming the oil and gas distribution pattern of“nearshore oil and far-shore gas”.
文摘The passivation layers at the front of the cell are often referred as to the window layer because it must be transparent so as the solar cell has a high efficiency. In this work, numerical simulation has been proposed to study the effect of the AlGaAs gradual and normal windows on the cell sensitivity to the electron irradiation so as to passivate the solar cell. To expect the effect of gradual window layers, the J-V and P-V characteristics are confirmed better energy conversion performance of the illuminated solar cells after irradiation. The short circuit current Jsc and the open circuit voltage Voc are evaluated for different electron irradiation fluencies. The results show how the gradual window layer improves resistance to electron irradiation through its own parameters.
文摘Introduction: Gastroschisis is one of the neonatal pathologies with bad prognosis in developing countries due to a lack of equipment. We aim to report one way of managing this malformation that could be practised everywhere, constituting an alternative approach to surgery in poor areas. Patients and Methods: This observational and descriptive study included newborn babies with gastroschisis who underwent gradual bedside reduction at the Paediatric Surgery Department of the Yaounde Central Hospital. Results: Our cohort was constituted by 32 newborn babies with a mean age of 18.12 hours on admission. The Lefort type 2 was the most frequent in 81.25% of cases. The mean time for oral feeding after complete reduction was 17.4 days and the duration of hospital stay was 24.91 days. Survival rates were at 40.63%, with a residual hernia after healing in 38.46% of cases. Conclusion: Despite the high rate of mortality, gradual reduction of gastroschisis at the bedside seems to be an opportunity for resource constrained areas and can be an alternative solution to surgery.
文摘In order to ensure the steady development of our science, the Chinese government has continuously increased input in the last ten years. Information from the State Statistics Bureau shows that by the end of 1994, the national institutions and enterprises boasted 18.659 million technical experts, 4.3 times the number in 1978, or 1258 technical experts every ten thousand people, redoubling that of 1978. The whole country has 5860 independent scientific research and development (R & D) institutions,
文摘The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of gradual water deficit stress on some phonological and morphological traits and grain yield of desi and kabuli chickpea cultivars. This study was carried out in 2007 and 2008, to evaluate responses of three chickpea cultivars （Hashem and Arman from kabuli and Pirooz from desi type） under well watering （I1： 70mm evaporation from class A pan）, gradual water deficit （12 and 13： 70→90→ 110→130 and 70→100→130mm evaporation from class A pan, respectively） and severe water stress （14： 130mm evaporation from class A pan）. Result showed that days to flowering and plant height were decreased, as water limitation increased. This reduction was significant under gradual water stress （I2 and I3） and Severe water deficit （I4）, compared with control （I1）. There were no significant differences in grain filling period and grain yield among I~, I2 and I3 irrigation treatments. No significant differences in days to physiologic maturity and number of sub branches were recorded among irrigation treatments. Interactions of year×cultivar for days to physiologic maturity, grain filling period and grain yield （P≤0.01） and for days to flowering and plant height （P≤0.05） were significant. The superiority of Arman in producing comparatively greater grain yield could be attributed to higher grain filling period of this cultivar in both years.
基金Humanities and Social Sciences Research Planning Fund Project of the Ministry of Education,PRC,under Grant No.:09YJAZ H014,namely"Studies of Narrative Ambiguity: Cognitive Basis and Narrative Strategy"
文摘How to disambiguate the four narrators'narratives is the critical step to understand the whole work of The Sound and The Fury. With the gradualness produced by the ambiguous narrators'narration of juxtaposition of modern and traditional narration,another synchronized gradualness of Caddy is discovered,too. On the basis of deconstruction and psycho - analyses,rich and deep significance is illustrated by elucidation of narrative gradualness,as a new way to disambiguate the narrators'narration.
文摘为了解产热对动物免疫能力的影响,通过肩胛间褐色脂肪组织(interscapular brown adipose tissue,IBAT)切除术和低温处理,将雌性黑线仓鼠(Cricetulus barabensis)随机分为常温假切组(warm BAT sham‑removed group,WS,n=5)、低温假切组(cold BAT sham‑removed group,CS,n=7)和低温切除组(cold BAT removed group,CR,n=8),比较了产热和免疫器官大小及血液指标和免疫功能的差异。结果发现,切除IBAT或逐渐降温均不影响雌性黑线仓鼠的体质量和身体成分,但低温导致总脂肪质量下降。切除IBAT不影响肝脏、脾脏和胸腺等器官的鲜质量,提示器官水平产热和免疫之间无权衡关系,但逐渐降温增加了小肠鲜质量及长度、结肠鲜质量、总消化道长,暗示为满足低温下的高能量需求,其加工食物的能力和消化能力均有所增强。切除IBAT或逐渐降温不影响植物血球凝集素反应峰值,以及白细胞、淋巴细胞、中间粒细胞和中性粒细胞的数量。低温或切除IBAT不影响雌性黑线仓鼠的免疫功能。
