Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of infertility in women. Progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocol, which used oral progestin to prevent premature luteinizing hormone (LH) ...Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of infertility in women. Progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocol, which used oral progestin to prevent premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surges in ovarian stimulation, has been proved to be effective and safe in patients with PCOS. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of PPOS protocol with that of the traditional gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol in patients with PCOS. A total of 157 patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were recruited into this study. The patients were divided into two groups by the stimulation protocols: the GnRH antagonist protocol group and the PPOS protocol group. There was no significant difference in the clinical characteristics between the two groups. Dose and duration of gonadotropin were higher in the PPOS protocol group. Estradiol levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration were significantly lower in the PPOS protocol group. Fertilization rates and the number of good quality embryos were similar between the two groups. Remarkably, we found 6 patients with moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in the GnRH antagonist protocol group but 0 in the PPOS protocol group. A total of 127 women completed their frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of clinical pregnancy rate per transfer, implantation rate, first-trimester miscarriage rate and on-going pregnancy rate per transfer. To conclude, PPOS protocol decreased the incidence of OHSS without adversely affecting clinical outcomes in patients with PCOS.展开更多
Objective To investigate the outcome of revised super-long down-regulation protocol （RSDP） for in vitro fertilization / intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer （1VF/1CS1-ET） in the special infertile pat...Objective To investigate the outcome of revised super-long down-regulation protocol （RSDP） for in vitro fertilization / intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer （1VF/1CS1-ET） in the special infertile patients with repeated implantation failure （RIF）. Methods Patients with RIF were divided into RSDP group and routine long downregulation protocol （RLDP） group. In RSDP group, gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist （GnRHa） was injected intramuscularly by 2.5 mg in mid-luteal phase for the ftrst time and 1.25 mg after 28 d; gonadotropin （Gn） was started 14 d later after the second GnRHa dose. IVF/ICSI-ET was performed according to the routine procedure. The clinical outcomes of RSDP group were compared with those of RLDP group. Results In RSDP group, the number of retrieved oocytes and valid embryos was significantly lower （P〈0.05）; there were no significant differences about fertilization rate （P〉0. 05）; both good-quality embryo rate and implantation rate were significantly increased （P〈0. 005）; clinical pregnancy rate was obviously improved （P〈0. 05）, as compared with RLDP group.Conclusion RSDP can improve the IVF outcomes significantly in RIF patients.展开更多
Background: This study aimed to determine if the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol is optimal for expected poor ovarian responders with tubal factor undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo tra...Background: This study aimed to determine if the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol is optimal for expected poor ovarian responders with tubal factor undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods: A total of 341 IVF-ET cycles were retrospectively identified. The following inclusion criteria were applied: age ≥ 40 years and patients with tubal factors. The cycles were divided into two groups: a GnRH antagonist group (157 cycles) and a GnRH agonist group (184 cycles). Results: The duration of stimulation and the total doses of gonadotropin in the GnRH agonist group were significantly more than those in the GnRH antagonist group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in LH and P values on the hCG measurement days between the two groups (0.91 ± 1.17 vs. 4.82 ± 4.69 U/L and 0.69 ± 0.42 vs. 1.03 ± 0.50 ng/mL, P < 0.05). The implantation rate of the GnRH antagonist group was 12.24%, which was slightly higher than that of the GnRH agonist group (10.10%, P = 0.437). The clinical pregnancy rate of the two groups showed no statistical differences (23.36% vs. 23.03%, P = 1.000). Conclusion: For expected poor ovarian responders, the GnRH antagonist protocol was, to some extent, superior to the GnRH agonist protocol in terms of the implantation and clinical pregnancy rates.展开更多
The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol has emerged as an efficacious alternative to the GnRH agonist protocol for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cy...The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol has emerged as an efficacious alternative to the GnRH agonist protocol for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, and has been demonstrated applicability in infertile female patients with diverse ovarian responses. While the clinical implementation of the antagonist COH protocol has achieved widespread consensus, opportunities for refinement persist. Therefore, this review article focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of GnRH antagonist protocol, the selection of optimal standard doses, and the strategies for adjusting antagonist doses after the premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, aiming to provide more reasonable and scientific recommendations for the application of this scheme.展开更多
目的比较卵巢低反应(POR)患者行促性腺激素释放激素拮抗剂(GnRH-ant)及GnRH激动剂(GnRH-a)短方案的临床疗效。方法计算机检索PubMed、ProQuest Medical Library、Medline外文生物医学期刊文献数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中...目的比较卵巢低反应(POR)患者行促性腺激素释放激素拮抗剂(GnRH-ant)及GnRH激动剂(GnRH-a)短方案的临床疗效。方法计算机检索PubMed、ProQuest Medical Library、Medline外文生物医学期刊文献数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网(CNKI)、中国科技期刊数据库(VIP)、万方数据库和读秀学术搜索引擎等。收集2000年至2014年10月发表的相关文献,比较POR患者行GnRH-ant及GnRH-a短方案的临床试验,按Cochrane系统评价方法提取有效数据,采用RevMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入11篇文献,共855例(1 054个周期)POR患者,其中GnRHant组444例(549个周期),GnRH-a短方案组411例(505个周期);Meta分析结果显示:对于POR患者,两组间临床妊娠率[RR=1.25,95%CI(0.96,1.63),P=0.10]、促性腺激素(Gn)时间[WMD=-1.15,95%CI(-2.56,0.25),P=0.11]、Gn用量[WMD=63.54,95%CI(-59.08,186.17),P=0.31]、获卵数[WMD=0.16,95%CI(-0.66,0.98),P=0.70]、周期取消率[RR=1.07,95%CI(0.85,1.35),P=0.57]差异均无统计学意义,但临床妊娠率的结果偏向于拮抗剂组更优。结论对于POR患者,拮抗剂方案和GnRH-a短方案效果无统计学差异,但是拮抗剂组可能更有助于提高临床妊娠率,可以作为POR患者助孕的一个选择。展开更多
目的：比较高龄不孕女性体外受精／卵胞质内单精子显微注射一胚胎移植（IVF／ICSI-ET）中微量短效GnRH-a长方案及常规短方案的促排卵效果及临床结局。方法：回顾性分析602例≥35岁不孕患者682个周期IVF／ICSI-ET临床结局，按促排卵方案...目的：比较高龄不孕女性体外受精／卵胞质内单精子显微注射一胚胎移植（IVF／ICSI-ET）中微量短效GnRH-a长方案及常规短方案的促排卵效果及临床结局。方法：回顾性分析602例≥35岁不孕患者682个周期IVF／ICSI-ET临床结局，按促排卵方案分为微量短效GnRH-a长方案组（172个周期，A组）和常规短方案组（510个周期，B组），再以年龄段分层（35～37岁，38～39岁及≥40岁），分别比较不同年龄段两种促排卵方案的效果及临床结局。结果：A组Gn用量、Gn使用天数显著高于B组（P〈0．05），MⅡ卵数、优质胚胎率、胚胎移植数、周期取消率均无统计学差异（P〉0．05）；A组与B组相比，临床妊娠率、活产率（36．1％坩29．8％；28．5％vs 23．3％；P〉0．05）有改善趋势；尤其在35～37岁及38～39岁患者中，A组优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率、活产率（52．89％vs 47．16％，50．14％ vs 47．97％；41．7％ vs 36．7％，36．4％ vs 22．2％；35．0％ vs 29．2％，24．2％ vs 15．7％；P均〉0．05）均有明显改善趋势。结论：≥35岁不孕女性微量GnRH-a长方案临床结局有改善趋势，可作为高龄不孕女性，尤其是35～39岁不孕患者的有效促排卵方案之一。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.81471455,81100418).
文摘Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of infertility in women. Progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocol, which used oral progestin to prevent premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surges in ovarian stimulation, has been proved to be effective and safe in patients with PCOS. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of PPOS protocol with that of the traditional gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol in patients with PCOS. A total of 157 patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were recruited into this study. The patients were divided into two groups by the stimulation protocols: the GnRH antagonist protocol group and the PPOS protocol group. There was no significant difference in the clinical characteristics between the two groups. Dose and duration of gonadotropin were higher in the PPOS protocol group. Estradiol levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration were significantly lower in the PPOS protocol group. Fertilization rates and the number of good quality embryos were similar between the two groups. Remarkably, we found 6 patients with moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in the GnRH antagonist protocol group but 0 in the PPOS protocol group. A total of 127 women completed their frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of clinical pregnancy rate per transfer, implantation rate, first-trimester miscarriage rate and on-going pregnancy rate per transfer. To conclude, PPOS protocol decreased the incidence of OHSS without adversely affecting clinical outcomes in patients with PCOS.
文摘Objective To investigate the outcome of revised super-long down-regulation protocol （RSDP） for in vitro fertilization / intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer （1VF/1CS1-ET） in the special infertile patients with repeated implantation failure （RIF）. Methods Patients with RIF were divided into RSDP group and routine long downregulation protocol （RLDP） group. In RSDP group, gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist （GnRHa） was injected intramuscularly by 2.5 mg in mid-luteal phase for the ftrst time and 1.25 mg after 28 d; gonadotropin （Gn） was started 14 d later after the second GnRHa dose. IVF/ICSI-ET was performed according to the routine procedure. The clinical outcomes of RSDP group were compared with those of RLDP group. Results In RSDP group, the number of retrieved oocytes and valid embryos was significantly lower （P〈0.05）; there were no significant differences about fertilization rate （P〉0. 05）; both good-quality embryo rate and implantation rate were significantly increased （P〈0. 005）; clinical pregnancy rate was obviously improved （P〈0. 05）, as compared with RLDP group.Conclusion RSDP can improve the IVF outcomes significantly in RIF patients.
文摘Background: This study aimed to determine if the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol is optimal for expected poor ovarian responders with tubal factor undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods: A total of 341 IVF-ET cycles were retrospectively identified. The following inclusion criteria were applied: age ≥ 40 years and patients with tubal factors. The cycles were divided into two groups: a GnRH antagonist group (157 cycles) and a GnRH agonist group (184 cycles). Results: The duration of stimulation and the total doses of gonadotropin in the GnRH agonist group were significantly more than those in the GnRH antagonist group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in LH and P values on the hCG measurement days between the two groups (0.91 ± 1.17 vs. 4.82 ± 4.69 U/L and 0.69 ± 0.42 vs. 1.03 ± 0.50 ng/mL, P < 0.05). The implantation rate of the GnRH antagonist group was 12.24%, which was slightly higher than that of the GnRH agonist group (10.10%, P = 0.437). The clinical pregnancy rate of the two groups showed no statistical differences (23.36% vs. 23.03%, P = 1.000). Conclusion: For expected poor ovarian responders, the GnRH antagonist protocol was, to some extent, superior to the GnRH agonist protocol in terms of the implantation and clinical pregnancy rates.
基金Hainan Province Major Science and Technology Plan Projects(No.ZDKJ2021037,ZDKJ2017007)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81960283),and Co-funded by the Hainan Provincial Academician Innovation Platform Research Project and the Hainan Provincial Clinical Medicine Center Construction Project。
文摘The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol has emerged as an efficacious alternative to the GnRH agonist protocol for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, and has been demonstrated applicability in infertile female patients with diverse ovarian responses. While the clinical implementation of the antagonist COH protocol has achieved widespread consensus, opportunities for refinement persist. Therefore, this review article focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of GnRH antagonist protocol, the selection of optimal standard doses, and the strategies for adjusting antagonist doses after the premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, aiming to provide more reasonable and scientific recommendations for the application of this scheme.
文摘目的比较卵巢低反应(POR)患者行促性腺激素释放激素拮抗剂(GnRH-ant)及GnRH激动剂(GnRH-a)短方案的临床疗效。方法计算机检索PubMed、ProQuest Medical Library、Medline外文生物医学期刊文献数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网(CNKI)、中国科技期刊数据库(VIP)、万方数据库和读秀学术搜索引擎等。收集2000年至2014年10月发表的相关文献,比较POR患者行GnRH-ant及GnRH-a短方案的临床试验,按Cochrane系统评价方法提取有效数据,采用RevMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入11篇文献,共855例(1 054个周期)POR患者,其中GnRHant组444例(549个周期),GnRH-a短方案组411例(505个周期);Meta分析结果显示:对于POR患者,两组间临床妊娠率[RR=1.25,95%CI(0.96,1.63),P=0.10]、促性腺激素(Gn)时间[WMD=-1.15,95%CI(-2.56,0.25),P=0.11]、Gn用量[WMD=63.54,95%CI(-59.08,186.17),P=0.31]、获卵数[WMD=0.16,95%CI(-0.66,0.98),P=0.70]、周期取消率[RR=1.07,95%CI(0.85,1.35),P=0.57]差异均无统计学意义,但临床妊娠率的结果偏向于拮抗剂组更优。结论对于POR患者,拮抗剂方案和GnRH-a短方案效果无统计学差异,但是拮抗剂组可能更有助于提高临床妊娠率,可以作为POR患者助孕的一个选择。
文摘目的：比较高龄不孕女性体外受精／卵胞质内单精子显微注射一胚胎移植（IVF／ICSI-ET）中微量短效GnRH-a长方案及常规短方案的促排卵效果及临床结局。方法：回顾性分析602例≥35岁不孕患者682个周期IVF／ICSI-ET临床结局，按促排卵方案分为微量短效GnRH-a长方案组（172个周期，A组）和常规短方案组（510个周期，B组），再以年龄段分层（35～37岁，38～39岁及≥40岁），分别比较不同年龄段两种促排卵方案的效果及临床结局。结果：A组Gn用量、Gn使用天数显著高于B组（P〈0．05），MⅡ卵数、优质胚胎率、胚胎移植数、周期取消率均无统计学差异（P〉0．05）；A组与B组相比，临床妊娠率、活产率（36．1％坩29．8％；28．5％vs 23．3％；P〉0．05）有改善趋势；尤其在35～37岁及38～39岁患者中，A组优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率、活产率（52．89％vs 47．16％，50．14％ vs 47．97％；41．7％ vs 36．7％，36．4％ vs 22．2％；35．0％ vs 29．2％，24．2％ vs 15．7％；P均〉0．05）均有明显改善趋势。结论：≥35岁不孕女性微量GnRH-a长方案临床结局有改善趋势，可作为高龄不孕女性，尤其是35～39岁不孕患者的有效促排卵方案之一。
