Objectives:This study examined the effects of stepreduction and subsequent step-recovery and exercise rehabilitation on systemic metabolism in older adults.Methods:Participants were 66 eligible participants from the E...Objectives:This study examined the effects of stepreduction and subsequent step-recovery and exercise rehabilitation on systemic metabolism in older adults.Methods:Participants were 66 eligible participants from the ENDURE randomised controlled trial allocated to an intervention group(n=32;25%male)or control group(n=34;21%male).The intervention group was instructed to limit their daily steps to a maximum of 2000 for two weeks(Period Ⅰ),followed by a four-week exercise rehabilitation program(Period Ⅱ)involving twice-weekly sessions of whole-body resistance and bicycle ergometer-based endurance training.Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline,after Period Ⅰ,and after Period Ⅱ.Systemic metabolism was assessed using high-throughput proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Data were normalised using Box-Cox transformation and analysed with linear mixed-effects models including random intercepts.Results:Period Ⅰ and Period Ⅱ had largely opposing effects on systemic metabolism.For instance,compared to the control group,Period one led to increases in VLDL-phospholipids(0.54 SD,P=0.005),VLDL-cholesterols(0.41 SD,P=0.012)and VLDLtriglycerides(0.79 SD,P=0.002),and decreases in HDLphospholipids(−0.31 SD,P=0.037)andHDL-cholesterols(−0.47 SD,P=0.011),alongside an increase in HDL-triglycerides(0.64 SD,P=0.011).These changes reversed during Period Ⅱ.Glycoprotein acetylation biomarker GlycA levels were unaffected by either intervention.Conclusions:These findings suggest that short-term inactivity does not markedly influence the inflammatory state but adversely affects lipoprotein metabolism and glycolytic pathways;however,these changes are reversible through the resumption of physical activity.展开更多
Purpose Whether elite athletes,who have been exposed to vigorous-intensity exercise combined with other stressors,have elevated systemic low-grade inflammation,remains largely unclear.To address this question,we studi...Purpose Whether elite athletes,who have been exposed to vigorous-intensity exercise combined with other stressors,have elevated systemic low-grade inflammation,remains largely unclear.To address this question,we studied the levels of six inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers of a low-grade inflammatory state in elite athletes after an 11-month train-ing and competition season.Methods We collected sera from 27 Finnish elite cross-country skiers and 27 gender-and age-matched,moderately-exer-cising controls.The serum concentrations of C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin 6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),glycoprotein acetyls(GlycA),interleukin 10(IL-10),and interferon gamma(IFN-γ)cytokines were quantified as surrogate markers of low-grade inflammation.Results The athletes were found to have significantly lower concentrations of CRP(P=0.0232)and higher concentrations of IL-10,TNF-α,and IFN-γ(P=0.0097,P=0.0256,and P=0.0185,respectively)than the controls.No significant differences between athletes and controls were detected in the concentrations of IL-6 and GlycA.The inflammatory score(IS)did not differ significantly between athletes and controls.Conclusion The results of this study argued against the hypothesis of a significant chronic low-grade inflammation in response to prolonged high-performance exercise among elite endurance athletes.展开更多
基金supported by the Research Council of Finland(#330281 to E.K.L,#350528 to S.W,#341058 to M.L and#357183 to M.A-K)the Finnish Cultural Foundation(#00211177 to S.W)+1 种基金the Sigrid Juselius Foundation(to M.A-K)by the Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research(to M.A-K).
文摘Objectives:This study examined the effects of stepreduction and subsequent step-recovery and exercise rehabilitation on systemic metabolism in older adults.Methods:Participants were 66 eligible participants from the ENDURE randomised controlled trial allocated to an intervention group(n=32;25%male)or control group(n=34;21%male).The intervention group was instructed to limit their daily steps to a maximum of 2000 for two weeks(Period Ⅰ),followed by a four-week exercise rehabilitation program(Period Ⅱ)involving twice-weekly sessions of whole-body resistance and bicycle ergometer-based endurance training.Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline,after Period Ⅰ,and after Period Ⅱ.Systemic metabolism was assessed using high-throughput proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Data were normalised using Box-Cox transformation and analysed with linear mixed-effects models including random intercepts.Results:Period Ⅰ and Period Ⅱ had largely opposing effects on systemic metabolism.For instance,compared to the control group,Period one led to increases in VLDL-phospholipids(0.54 SD,P=0.005),VLDL-cholesterols(0.41 SD,P=0.012)and VLDLtriglycerides(0.79 SD,P=0.002),and decreases in HDLphospholipids(−0.31 SD,P=0.037)andHDL-cholesterols(−0.47 SD,P=0.011),alongside an increase in HDL-triglycerides(0.64 SD,P=0.011).These changes reversed during Period Ⅱ.Glycoprotein acetylation biomarker GlycA levels were unaffected by either intervention.Conclusions:These findings suggest that short-term inactivity does not markedly influence the inflammatory state but adversely affects lipoprotein metabolism and glycolytic pathways;however,these changes are reversible through the resumption of physical activity.
基金Open Access funding provided by University of Turku(UTU)including Turku University Central Hospital.Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation.
文摘Purpose Whether elite athletes,who have been exposed to vigorous-intensity exercise combined with other stressors,have elevated systemic low-grade inflammation,remains largely unclear.To address this question,we studied the levels of six inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers of a low-grade inflammatory state in elite athletes after an 11-month train-ing and competition season.Methods We collected sera from 27 Finnish elite cross-country skiers and 27 gender-and age-matched,moderately-exer-cising controls.The serum concentrations of C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin 6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),glycoprotein acetyls(GlycA),interleukin 10(IL-10),and interferon gamma(IFN-γ)cytokines were quantified as surrogate markers of low-grade inflammation.Results The athletes were found to have significantly lower concentrations of CRP(P=0.0232)and higher concentrations of IL-10,TNF-α,and IFN-γ(P=0.0097,P=0.0256,and P=0.0185,respectively)than the controls.No significant differences between athletes and controls were detected in the concentrations of IL-6 and GlycA.The inflammatory score(IS)did not differ significantly between athletes and controls.Conclusion The results of this study argued against the hypothesis of a significant chronic low-grade inflammation in response to prolonged high-performance exercise among elite endurance athletes.
