BACKGROUND Fibrobronchoscopy is a common adjunct tool that requires anesthesia and is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of various respiratory diseases.However,current anesthesia methods,such as spray,nebuliz...BACKGROUND Fibrobronchoscopy is a common adjunct tool that requires anesthesia and is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of various respiratory diseases.However,current anesthesia methods,such as spray,nebulized inhalation,and cricothyroid membrane puncture,have their own advantages and disadvantages.Recently,studies have shown that bronchoscopic direct-view glottis anesthesia is a simple and inexpensive method that shortens the examination time and provides excellent anesthetic results.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of bronchoscopic direct vision glottis anesthesia for bronchoscopy.METHODS The study included 100 patients who underwent bronchoscopy during thoracic surgery.A random number table method was used to divide the patients into control and observation groups(50 patients each).The control and observation groups were anesthetized using the nebulized inhalation and bronchoscopic direct vision glottis method,respectively.Hemodynamic indices[systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),heart rate(HR),and oxygen saturation(SpO_(2))before(T1),5 min after anesthesia(T2),and at the end of the operation(T3)]serum stress hormone indices[norepinephrine(NE),epinephrine(E),adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH),and cortisol(Cor)before and after treatment]were compared between the 2 groups.Adverse effects were also RESULTS At T2 and T3,SBP,DBP,and HR were lower in the observation group than the control group,whereas SpO_(2) was higher than the control group[(119.05±8.01)mmHg vs(127.05±7.83)mmHg,(119.35±6.66)mmHg vs(128.39±6.56)mmHg,(84.68±6.04)mmHg vs(92.42±5.57)mmHg,(84.53±4.97)mmHg compared to(92.57±6.02)mmHg,(74.25±5.18)beats/min compared to(88.32±5.72)beats/min,(74.38±5.31)beats/min compared to(88.42±5.69)beats/min,(97.36±2.21)%vs(94.35±2.16)%,(97.42±2.36)%vs(94.38±2.69%],with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).After treatment,NE,E,ACTH,and Cor were significantly higher in both groups than before treatment,but were lower in the observation group than in the control group[(68.25±8.87)ng/mL vs(93.35±14.00)ng/mL,(53.59±5.89)ng/mL vs(82.32±10.70)ng/mL,(14.32±1.58)pg/mL vs(20.35±3.05)pg/mL,(227.35±25.01)nmol/L vs(322.28±45.12)nmol/L],with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was higher in the control group than in the observation group[12.00%(12/50)vs 6.00%(3/50)](P<0.05).CONCLUSION The use of bronchoscopic direct vision glottis anesthesia method for bronchoscopy patients is beneficial for stabilizing hemodynamic indices during bronchoscopy and reducing the level of patient stress,with good safety and practicality.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a restricted, adaptive threshold approach for the segmentation of images of the glottis acquired from high speed video-endoscopy (HSV). The approach involves first, identifying a region of in...In this paper, we propose a restricted, adaptive threshold approach for the segmentation of images of the glottis acquired from high speed video-endoscopy (HSV). The approach involves first, identifying a region of interest (ROI) that encloses the vocal-fold motion extent for each image frame as estimated by the different image sequences. This procedure is then followed by threshold segmentation restricted within the identified ROI for each image frame of the original image sequences, or referred to as sub-image sequences. The threshold value is adapted for each sub-image frame and determined by respective minimum gray-scale value that typically corresponds to a spatial location within the glottis. The proposed approach is practical and highly efficient for segmenting a vast amount of image frames since simple threshold method is adapted. Results obtained from the segmentation of representative clinical image sequences are presented to verify the proposed method.展开更多
Suid is one of the most common taxa among the Pleistocene mammalian fauna in China.However,its phylogenetic taxonomy and evolution are far from clear.The newly recovered suid fossil materials from the Early Pleistocen...Suid is one of the most common taxa among the Pleistocene mammalian fauna in China.However,its phylogenetic taxonomy and evolution are far from clear.The newly recovered suid fossil materials from the Early Pleistocene Shanshenmiaozui site in Nihewan Basin in North China provide new insight into the evolution of its kind in North China.The new materials include partial skulls and mandibles of males,and most of their teeth were preserved in situ.The specimens can be referred to the species Sus lydekkeri,which is the only species of Sus found in North China from the Early Pleistocene.The fossils of the once reported Pleistocene species“Potamochoerus chinhsienensis”should also be provisionally included in the species S.lydekkeri according to its form and size,which at least now excludes it from Potamochoerus.The species S.lydekkeri is very close to the extant species S.scrofa,and even was combined into the latter as a chronological subspecies by some authors,while its larger size,prominent preorbital fossa,backwardly positioned infraorbital foramen,frequently appearing verrucosic type(at least the intermediate type of the male lower canine),and simple crown structures support its validness as an independent species.The Early Pleistocene forms are characterized by a larger size,lower L/W ratio of cheekteeth,both upper and lower M3s having no more than three lobes,and the male lower canine is exclusively of a verrucosic type.Suid fossils are a very good indicator of paleoenvironments and paleoclimate.Both the northern and the southern faunas in China contain suid fossils throughout the Pleistocene Epoch,while the southern fauna has prominently more diversified taxa and more abundant fossil collections;whether that is caused by different origins or by environmental modifications is still not clear.展开更多
On a compact Riemann surface with finite punctures P_(1),…P_(k),we define toric curves as multivalued,totallyunramified holomorphic maps to P^(n)with monodromy in a maximal torus of PSU(n+1).Toric solutions to SU(n+1...On a compact Riemann surface with finite punctures P_(1),…P_(k),we define toric curves as multivalued,totallyunramified holomorphic maps to P^(n)with monodromy in a maximal torus of PSU(n+1).Toric solutions to SU(n+1)Todasystems on X\{P_(1);…;P_(k)}are recognized by the associated toric curves in.We introduce character n-ensembles as-tuples of meromorphic one-forms with simple poles and purely imaginary periods,generating toric curves on minus finitelymany points.On X,we establish a correspondence between character-ensembles and toric solutions to the SU(n+1)system with finitely many cone singularities.Our approach not only broadens seminal solutions with two conesingularities on the Riemann sphere,as classified by Jost-Wang(Int.Math.Res.Not.,2002,(6):277-290)andLin-Wei-Ye(Invent.Math.,2012,190(1):169-207),but also advances beyond the limits of Lin-Yang-Zhong’s existencetheorems(J.Differential Geom.,2020,114(2):337-391)by introducing a new solution class.展开更多
基金Hebei Science and Technology Program,No.162777232(to Xing SS).
文摘BACKGROUND Fibrobronchoscopy is a common adjunct tool that requires anesthesia and is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of various respiratory diseases.However,current anesthesia methods,such as spray,nebulized inhalation,and cricothyroid membrane puncture,have their own advantages and disadvantages.Recently,studies have shown that bronchoscopic direct-view glottis anesthesia is a simple and inexpensive method that shortens the examination time and provides excellent anesthetic results.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of bronchoscopic direct vision glottis anesthesia for bronchoscopy.METHODS The study included 100 patients who underwent bronchoscopy during thoracic surgery.A random number table method was used to divide the patients into control and observation groups(50 patients each).The control and observation groups were anesthetized using the nebulized inhalation and bronchoscopic direct vision glottis method,respectively.Hemodynamic indices[systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),heart rate(HR),and oxygen saturation(SpO_(2))before(T1),5 min after anesthesia(T2),and at the end of the operation(T3)]serum stress hormone indices[norepinephrine(NE),epinephrine(E),adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH),and cortisol(Cor)before and after treatment]were compared between the 2 groups.Adverse effects were also RESULTS At T2 and T3,SBP,DBP,and HR were lower in the observation group than the control group,whereas SpO_(2) was higher than the control group[(119.05±8.01)mmHg vs(127.05±7.83)mmHg,(119.35±6.66)mmHg vs(128.39±6.56)mmHg,(84.68±6.04)mmHg vs(92.42±5.57)mmHg,(84.53±4.97)mmHg compared to(92.57±6.02)mmHg,(74.25±5.18)beats/min compared to(88.32±5.72)beats/min,(74.38±5.31)beats/min compared to(88.42±5.69)beats/min,(97.36±2.21)%vs(94.35±2.16)%,(97.42±2.36)%vs(94.38±2.69%],with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).After treatment,NE,E,ACTH,and Cor were significantly higher in both groups than before treatment,but were lower in the observation group than in the control group[(68.25±8.87)ng/mL vs(93.35±14.00)ng/mL,(53.59±5.89)ng/mL vs(82.32±10.70)ng/mL,(14.32±1.58)pg/mL vs(20.35±3.05)pg/mL,(227.35±25.01)nmol/L vs(322.28±45.12)nmol/L],with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was higher in the control group than in the observation group[12.00%(12/50)vs 6.00%(3/50)](P<0.05).CONCLUSION The use of bronchoscopic direct vision glottis anesthesia method for bronchoscopy patients is beneficial for stabilizing hemodynamic indices during bronchoscopy and reducing the level of patient stress,with good safety and practicality.
文摘In this paper, we propose a restricted, adaptive threshold approach for the segmentation of images of the glottis acquired from high speed video-endoscopy (HSV). The approach involves first, identifying a region of interest (ROI) that encloses the vocal-fold motion extent for each image frame as estimated by the different image sequences. This procedure is then followed by threshold segmentation restricted within the identified ROI for each image frame of the original image sequences, or referred to as sub-image sequences. The threshold value is adapted for each sub-image frame and determined by respective minimum gray-scale value that typically corresponds to a spatial location within the glottis. The proposed approach is practical and highly efficient for segmenting a vast amount of image frames since simple threshold method is adapted. Results obtained from the segmentation of representative clinical image sequences are presented to verify the proposed method.
文摘Suid is one of the most common taxa among the Pleistocene mammalian fauna in China.However,its phylogenetic taxonomy and evolution are far from clear.The newly recovered suid fossil materials from the Early Pleistocene Shanshenmiaozui site in Nihewan Basin in North China provide new insight into the evolution of its kind in North China.The new materials include partial skulls and mandibles of males,and most of their teeth were preserved in situ.The specimens can be referred to the species Sus lydekkeri,which is the only species of Sus found in North China from the Early Pleistocene.The fossils of the once reported Pleistocene species“Potamochoerus chinhsienensis”should also be provisionally included in the species S.lydekkeri according to its form and size,which at least now excludes it from Potamochoerus.The species S.lydekkeri is very close to the extant species S.scrofa,and even was combined into the latter as a chronological subspecies by some authors,while its larger size,prominent preorbital fossa,backwardly positioned infraorbital foramen,frequently appearing verrucosic type(at least the intermediate type of the male lower canine),and simple crown structures support its validness as an independent species.The Early Pleistocene forms are characterized by a larger size,lower L/W ratio of cheekteeth,both upper and lower M3s having no more than three lobes,and the male lower canine is exclusively of a verrucosic type.Suid fossils are a very good indicator of paleoenvironments and paleoclimate.Both the northern and the southern faunas in China contain suid fossils throughout the Pleistocene Epoch,while the southern fauna has prominently more diversified taxa and more abundant fossil collections;whether that is caused by different origins or by environmental modifications is still not clear.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11931009,12271495,11971450,and 12071449)Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies(AHY150200)the Project of Stable Support for Youth Team in Basic Research Field,Chinese Academy of Sciences(YSBR-001).
文摘On a compact Riemann surface with finite punctures P_(1),…P_(k),we define toric curves as multivalued,totallyunramified holomorphic maps to P^(n)with monodromy in a maximal torus of PSU(n+1).Toric solutions to SU(n+1)Todasystems on X\{P_(1);…;P_(k)}are recognized by the associated toric curves in.We introduce character n-ensembles as-tuples of meromorphic one-forms with simple poles and purely imaginary periods,generating toric curves on minus finitelymany points.On X,we establish a correspondence between character-ensembles and toric solutions to the SU(n+1)system with finitely many cone singularities.Our approach not only broadens seminal solutions with two conesingularities on the Riemann sphere,as classified by Jost-Wang(Int.Math.Res.Not.,2002,(6):277-290)andLin-Wei-Ye(Invent.Math.,2012,190(1):169-207),but also advances beyond the limits of Lin-Yang-Zhong’s existencetheorems(J.Differential Geom.,2020,114(2):337-391)by introducing a new solution class.
