The Central Arctic Ocean （CAO） is a global commons, and fishes in the CAO are common property resources. If humanity does not manage this region well, then this will lead to a ＂Tragedy of the Commons,＂ an old prob...The Central Arctic Ocean （CAO） is a global commons, and fishes in the CAO are common property resources. If humanity does not manage this region well, then this will lead to a ＂Tragedy of the Commons,＂ an old problem in human society. However, the two existing means of commons governance, privatization and government control, are not appropriate for the CAO. This study＇s findings indicate that CAO fisheries management will most likely result from a process of self-organization. The openness of the CAO and the imbalance of powers, interests and responsibilities among the states that are involved will lead to a process of self-organized governance of CAO fisheries. There are four stages in this process： competition, synergy, establishment of governing principles and mechanisms, and expansion and evolution of influence. The outcome of CAO fisheries governance will be the result of compromise among the parties as no one actor is in a dominant position.展开更多
This article discusses the representation of the sea in selected works of W. H. Longfellow, Herman Melville, and lan Wedde, tracing its transformation from a romantic icon to a global commons. Despite differences in t...This article discusses the representation of the sea in selected works of W. H. Longfellow, Herman Melville, and lan Wedde, tracing its transformation from a romantic icon to a global commons. Despite differences in their portrayals, all three artists find stagnation alongside vitality in the ebb and flow or the rolling of the sea. Similar to Longfellow, Melville romanticizes the sea in Moby-Dick as an ultimate sanctuary, the domain of reveries. At the same time, Melville also portrays the sea as a global commons where U.S. capitalism dominates the global order and exploits the resources. In addressing the environmental issues such as the possibility of whales＇ extinction, Melville echoes ＂the tragedy of the commons＂ lamented by Garrett Hardin. Queequeg, the ＂primitive＂ man who saves Ishmael from the wolfish industrial capitalism is thought to be modeled after a MAori from New Zealand. Today, the M^ori＇s ancestral sea-based culture is threatened by economic globalization. Wedde, a New Zealand poet, confronted the plans to construct an aluminum smelter in his country. His poem juxtaposes themes of precariousness and desolation with resilience and defiant survival, a motif mirrored in Longfellow＇s and Melville＇s portrayals of the sea.展开更多
I have just returned from another inspiring journey through China,which has compelled me to reflect on today’s complex international landscape and the need to strengthen people-to-people diplomacy as a key tool to ad...I have just returned from another inspiring journey through China,which has compelled me to reflect on today’s complex international landscape and the need to strengthen people-to-people diplomacy as a key tool to address the global common challenges that lie ahead.The opportunity to witness first-hand China’s economic,technological,and social development–as well as its willingness to open up and collaborate with the rest of the world–has prompted me to have a realistic diagnosis of future challenges and the design of effective strategies to improve the lives of our citizens.展开更多
The Islamic world has its own dreams of resurgence and global influence. They know that most of the mega-networks that China envisions will retrace the ancient routes of Muslim traders, seafarers, and pilgrims-routes ...The Islamic world has its own dreams of resurgence and global influence. They know that most of the mega-networks that China envisions will retrace the ancient routes of Muslim traders, seafarers, and pilgrims-routes that form the sinews of a thriving world civilization that can become the equal of China and the West. Citizens of Muslim nations are well-aware that their governments are paying Beijing for these projects with their national patrimony, and they are demanding that the benefits accrue to ordinary people and their descendants.展开更多
Historians of the future will probably define the year 2017 as a watershed moment in the development ofglobalization and the first year in the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. At the beginning...Historians of the future will probably define the year 2017 as a watershed moment in the development ofglobalization and the first year in the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. At the beginning of the year,展开更多
European integration is a radical,indeed revolutionary,experiment intended to safeguard peace,democracy,individual freedoms and prosperity on the European continent through the sharing of sovereignty,while jointly pro...European integration is a radical,indeed revolutionary,experiment intended to safeguard peace,democracy,individual freedoms and prosperity on the European continent through the sharing of sovereignty,while jointly protecting European interests and values.In recent years,some of the fundamental premises on which European integration had been based are no longer.War is back next to its borders,Russia constitutes a threat,US foreign policy becomes unpredictable,the strategic rivalry between the US and China grows,and economic interdependence is being weaponised.Hence,little room left for European‘soft power’.Europe needs to add a security dimension to its peace project,while trying to play a moderating role in international affairs based on its own internal experience of dialogue and compromise.Europe has a strong interest in international economic interdependence coupled with effective multilateral institutions,common rules and no free riding.Europe cannot be content with the role of super-regulator in high technology games played by others.A common industrial policy is the new talk in Brussels,yet difficult to implement.As a pioneer in the fight against climate change,Europe will insist on global cooperation for the preservation of a liveable planet for all human beings.Effective influence in the remaking of the international system crucially depends on European internal unity.展开更多
基金the project "A Survey on the Attitude of the Indigenous People in Alaska to Economic Development Activities in the Arctic Region and the Path of Cooperation between China and the United States", funded by the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administrationthe project "Chinese Polar Environment Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment Program" (Grant no. CHINARE2016-04-05-01) funded by the State Oceanic Administration of China
文摘The Central Arctic Ocean （CAO） is a global commons, and fishes in the CAO are common property resources. If humanity does not manage this region well, then this will lead to a ＂Tragedy of the Commons,＂ an old problem in human society. However, the two existing means of commons governance, privatization and government control, are not appropriate for the CAO. This study＇s findings indicate that CAO fisheries management will most likely result from a process of self-organization. The openness of the CAO and the imbalance of powers, interests and responsibilities among the states that are involved will lead to a process of self-organized governance of CAO fisheries. There are four stages in this process： competition, synergy, establishment of governing principles and mechanisms, and expansion and evolution of influence. The outcome of CAO fisheries governance will be the result of compromise among the parties as no one actor is in a dominant position.
文摘This article discusses the representation of the sea in selected works of W. H. Longfellow, Herman Melville, and lan Wedde, tracing its transformation from a romantic icon to a global commons. Despite differences in their portrayals, all three artists find stagnation alongside vitality in the ebb and flow or the rolling of the sea. Similar to Longfellow, Melville romanticizes the sea in Moby-Dick as an ultimate sanctuary, the domain of reveries. At the same time, Melville also portrays the sea as a global commons where U.S. capitalism dominates the global order and exploits the resources. In addressing the environmental issues such as the possibility of whales＇ extinction, Melville echoes ＂the tragedy of the commons＂ lamented by Garrett Hardin. Queequeg, the ＂primitive＂ man who saves Ishmael from the wolfish industrial capitalism is thought to be modeled after a MAori from New Zealand. Today, the M^ori＇s ancestral sea-based culture is threatened by economic globalization. Wedde, a New Zealand poet, confronted the plans to construct an aluminum smelter in his country. His poem juxtaposes themes of precariousness and desolation with resilience and defiant survival, a motif mirrored in Longfellow＇s and Melville＇s portrayals of the sea.
文摘I have just returned from another inspiring journey through China,which has compelled me to reflect on today’s complex international landscape and the need to strengthen people-to-people diplomacy as a key tool to address the global common challenges that lie ahead.The opportunity to witness first-hand China’s economic,technological,and social development–as well as its willingness to open up and collaborate with the rest of the world–has prompted me to have a realistic diagnosis of future challenges and the design of effective strategies to improve the lives of our citizens.
文摘The Islamic world has its own dreams of resurgence and global influence. They know that most of the mega-networks that China envisions will retrace the ancient routes of Muslim traders, seafarers, and pilgrims-routes that form the sinews of a thriving world civilization that can become the equal of China and the West. Citizens of Muslim nations are well-aware that their governments are paying Beijing for these projects with their national patrimony, and they are demanding that the benefits accrue to ordinary people and their descendants.
文摘Historians of the future will probably define the year 2017 as a watershed moment in the development ofglobalization and the first year in the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. At the beginning of the year,
文摘European integration is a radical,indeed revolutionary,experiment intended to safeguard peace,democracy,individual freedoms and prosperity on the European continent through the sharing of sovereignty,while jointly protecting European interests and values.In recent years,some of the fundamental premises on which European integration had been based are no longer.War is back next to its borders,Russia constitutes a threat,US foreign policy becomes unpredictable,the strategic rivalry between the US and China grows,and economic interdependence is being weaponised.Hence,little room left for European‘soft power’.Europe needs to add a security dimension to its peace project,while trying to play a moderating role in international affairs based on its own internal experience of dialogue and compromise.Europe has a strong interest in international economic interdependence coupled with effective multilateral institutions,common rules and no free riding.Europe cannot be content with the role of super-regulator in high technology games played by others.A common industrial policy is the new talk in Brussels,yet difficult to implement.As a pioneer in the fight against climate change,Europe will insist on global cooperation for the preservation of a liveable planet for all human beings.Effective influence in the remaking of the international system crucially depends on European internal unity.
