Based on the work discussed on the former study, this article first starts from the mathematical model of a kind of complicated financial system, and analyses all possible things that the model shows in the operation ...Based on the work discussed on the former study, this article first starts from the mathematical model of a kind of complicated financial system, and analyses all possible things that the model shows in the operation of our country's macro_financial system: balance, stable periodic, fractal, Hopf_bifurcation, the relationship between parameters and Hopf_bifurcation, and chaotic motion etc. By the changes of parameters of all economic meanings, the conditions on which the complicated behaviors occur in such a financial system, and the influence of the adjustment of the macro_economic policies and adjustment of some parameter on the whole financial system behavior have been analyzed. This study will deepen people's understanding of the lever function of all kinds of financial policies.展开更多
Based on the work discussed on the former study, this article first starts from the mathematical model of a kind of complicated financial system, and analyses all possible things that the model shows in the operation ...Based on the work discussed on the former study, this article first starts from the mathematical model of a kind of complicated financial system, and analyses all possible things that the model shows in the operation of our country's macro_financial system: balance, stable periodic, fractal, Hopf_bifurcation, the relationship between parameters and Hopf_bifurcation, and chaotic motion etc. By the changes of parameters of all economic meanings, the conditions on which the complicated behaviors occur in such a financial system, and the influence of the adjustment of the macro_economic policies and adjustment of some parameter on the whole financial system behavior have been analyzed. This study will deepen people's understanding of the lever function of all kinds of financial policies.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Mastectomy with conservation of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) in breast ...<strong>Introduction:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Mastectomy with conservation of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) in breast cancer care has been controversial with regards to the oncological safety of this procedure and the risk of complications including NAC necrosis. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The objective of this study is to assess, through a literature review, the safety and reliability of a conservative NAC mastectomy in breast cancer treatment, paying attention to the rate of local recurrence and complications. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> A review of the literature was conducted from PubMed data, and articles published between January 2007 and December 2017, using the terms </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">“</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nipple-sparing mastectomy”, “breast cancer”, “local recu</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">rrence”, “necrosis of the nipple”, “global complications”. The articles were</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> analyzed with regards to the following parameters of evaluation: local recurrence, recurrence rate at NAC level, global complication rates and nipple necrosis rates. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In the 36 studies we selected, the average rate of local recurrence was 3.23%. The average rate of recurrence at the NAC was 0.81%. The average rate of complications was 20%. The average rate of necrosis of the NAC was 5.9%. The main factors of these recurrences were the tumor size > 5 cm and tumor stage > stage II. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Conservative mastectomy of the nipple-areola complex offers an aesthetic advantage and oncological safety in carefully selected patients with breast cancer.</span></span>展开更多
文摘Based on the work discussed on the former study, this article first starts from the mathematical model of a kind of complicated financial system, and analyses all possible things that the model shows in the operation of our country's macro_financial system: balance, stable periodic, fractal, Hopf_bifurcation, the relationship between parameters and Hopf_bifurcation, and chaotic motion etc. By the changes of parameters of all economic meanings, the conditions on which the complicated behaviors occur in such a financial system, and the influence of the adjustment of the macro_economic policies and adjustment of some parameter on the whole financial system behavior have been analyzed. This study will deepen people's understanding of the lever function of all kinds of financial policies.
文摘Based on the work discussed on the former study, this article first starts from the mathematical model of a kind of complicated financial system, and analyses all possible things that the model shows in the operation of our country's macro_financial system: balance, stable periodic, fractal, Hopf_bifurcation, the relationship between parameters and Hopf_bifurcation, and chaotic motion etc. By the changes of parameters of all economic meanings, the conditions on which the complicated behaviors occur in such a financial system, and the influence of the adjustment of the macro_economic policies and adjustment of some parameter on the whole financial system behavior have been analyzed. This study will deepen people's understanding of the lever function of all kinds of financial policies.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Mastectomy with conservation of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) in breast cancer care has been controversial with regards to the oncological safety of this procedure and the risk of complications including NAC necrosis. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The objective of this study is to assess, through a literature review, the safety and reliability of a conservative NAC mastectomy in breast cancer treatment, paying attention to the rate of local recurrence and complications. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> A review of the literature was conducted from PubMed data, and articles published between January 2007 and December 2017, using the terms </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">“</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nipple-sparing mastectomy”, “breast cancer”, “local recu</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">rrence”, “necrosis of the nipple”, “global complications”. The articles were</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> analyzed with regards to the following parameters of evaluation: local recurrence, recurrence rate at NAC level, global complication rates and nipple necrosis rates. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In the 36 studies we selected, the average rate of local recurrence was 3.23%. The average rate of recurrence at the NAC was 0.81%. The average rate of complications was 20%. The average rate of necrosis of the NAC was 5.9%. The main factors of these recurrences were the tumor size > 5 cm and tumor stage > stage II. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Conservative mastectomy of the nipple-areola complex offers an aesthetic advantage and oncological safety in carefully selected patients with breast cancer.</span></span>
