[Objective] To study the germination characteristics and secondary metabolism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi seeds under different temperatures.[Method]The activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and peroxidase（...[Objective] To study the germination characteristics and secondary metabolism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi seeds under different temperatures.[Method]The activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and peroxidase（POD）were determined with lactoflavine-NBT method and guaiacol-colorimetry assay,respectively.The catalase（CAT）,ascorbate peroxidase（APX）,phenylalanine ammonia-lyase（PAL）and cinnamic acid 4-Hydroxylase（C4H）were determined with ultraviolet spectrophotometry.The secondary metabolites were detected by High Performance Liquid Chromatography（HPLC）.[Result]The germination percentage,germination potentiality and germination index were seriously affected by low or high temperature.The proper germination temperature was 20-25 ℃.The activities of SOD,POD and CAT were significantly decreased as comparison to suitable temperature.The activities of PAL and C4H were also significantly decreased as comparision to suitable temperature which was accordance to the secondary metabolites.There was a positive correlation between the flavonoids content and the PAL and C4H activity（r=0.956,r=0.951,P0.05）.[Conclusion]The quality of the skullcaps could be improved by improving the activity of PAL and C4H.The proper temperature for the seed germination and the formation of secondary metabolites was 20 ℃.展开更多
This study aims to explore the effect of GA_(3) concentration and soaking time on seed germination characteristics of blueberry.To be specific,big(B),medium-sized(M),and small(S)blueberry seeds were soaked in 0,100,20...This study aims to explore the effect of GA_(3) concentration and soaking time on seed germination characteristics of blueberry.To be specific,big(B),medium-sized(M),and small(S)blueberry seeds were soaked in 0,100,200,and 300 mg/L GA_(3) solution for 18 h and 200 mg/L GA_(3) solution for 0,24,and 48 h,respectively.The results showed that 300 mg/L GA_(3) had significant effect on the germination of B and M seeds(P<0.01)and enabled the germination 4~5 d and 7~8 d earlier,respectively.Soaking with 200 mg/L GA_(3) for 24 h was conducive to the germination of B and M seeds(P<0.05).However,GA_(3) concentration and soaking time had no obviously promoting effect on the germination of S seeds.The interactions between GA_(3) concentration and seed size and between soaking time and seed size were significant(P<0.01).展开更多
[ Objective] To study the germination characteristics of Hordeum brevisubulatum seeds in the Songnen Plains of China under different conditions and find out the optimum conditions for germination. [ Method] A total of...[ Objective] To study the germination characteristics of Hordeum brevisubulatum seeds in the Songnen Plains of China under different conditions and find out the optimum conditions for germination. [ Method] A total of five variable temperatures including 15/25, 20/30, 15/30, 20/25 and 15/20 ℃, five concentrations of sodium chloride solutions including 0, 75, 85, 95 and 105 mmol/L, and five concentrations of CS2 strain （the A values were 0, 0.500 0, 0.050 0, 0.005 0 and 0.000 5, respectively） were studied by orthogonal experimental design. [ Result] The germination rate, germination energy and germination index were significantly （ P 〈 0.05） affected by the temperature and sodium chloride concentration, but rarely affected by the CS2 strain concentration. Moreover, the germination rate, germination potential and germination index were all decreased with the increasing of sodium chloride concentration. [ Conclusion] The optimal germination conditions of Hordeum brevisubulatum are as follows： temperatures of 15/25 ℃ and 15/30℃, 0 mmoVL of sodium chloride concentration.展开更多
When using the seedling-emergence method to anal-yse the structure and composition of soil seed-bank,the greenhouse conditions should match the gemmination re-quirements of the species involved in the sample soil[1-8]...When using the seedling-emergence method to anal-yse the structure and composition of soil seed-bank,the greenhouse conditions should match the gemmination re-quirements of the species involved in the sample soil[1-8].Although the seedling-emergence method is commonly used in ecological studies[7.9-22].the germi-nation characteristics of many species are unknown.or only partly known[1-8.11,20].In order to estimate the composition of soil seed-bank.soil samples are often spread in a greenhouse,whereupon the emerging seedlings are counted[9.10,12,18].Essential for this seedling emergence method is that the conditions in the greenhouse are suitable for gemination of as many species and individuals as possible[9.10.12,18].展开更多
To explore the physiological mechanism of rice seeds’tolerance to cold damage stress,the hybrid rice variety H-You 518 and the conventional rice variety Zhongjiazao 17 were used as experimental materials.A low-temper...To explore the physiological mechanism of rice seeds’tolerance to cold damage stress,the hybrid rice variety H-You 518 and the conventional rice variety Zhongjiazao 17 were used as experimental materials.A low-temperature cold damage treatment(4℃)and a normal germination treatment(25℃)were used to measure seed vitality,antioxidant enzyme activity,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content,α-amylase activity,endopeptidase,and related gene expression levels.The results showed that low temperature inhibited seed vitality and germination ability,and after restoring normal growth conditions,the activities of POD and CAT,as well as the content of MDA in the seedlings,were significantly increased.Between these two rice varieties,the seed vitality and antioxidant enzyme activity of the Zhongjiazao 17 conventional rice variety were more sensitive to low-temperature stress.During seed germination,both the total soluble sugar and soluble protein levels showed a trend of first decreasing,then increasing,and finally decreasing under low-temperature cold damage.The total soluble sugar content of H-You 518 was higher than that of Zhongjiazao 17.Through correlation analysis,it was found that under low-temperature damage,the activities ofα-amylase and endopeptidases were significantly positively correlated with the soluble protein content,with correlation coefficients of 0.55 and 0.61,respectively,indicating that the trends of these changes were basically consistent.During the germination process,the expression levels of theα-AMY and EP genes gradually increased,but low-temperature stress reduced the expression levels of these genes.In summary,low-temperature cold damage conditions reduced the activities ofα-amylase and endopeptidases,thereby slowing down the production of soluble sugars and soluble proteins.Moreover,the activities ofα-amylase and endopeptidases were regulated by theα-AMY and EP genes.This study provides a reference for the physiological mechanism analysis of rice seed germination in low temperatures and under cold stress.展开更多
基金Supported by Technology Development Plan of Shandong Province(2008GG2NS02022)Agricultural Seed Project in Shandong Province(2009LZ01-03)National Key Basic Research Program(2007CB512601)~~
文摘[Objective] To study the germination characteristics and secondary metabolism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi seeds under different temperatures.[Method]The activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and peroxidase（POD）were determined with lactoflavine-NBT method and guaiacol-colorimetry assay,respectively.The catalase（CAT）,ascorbate peroxidase（APX）,phenylalanine ammonia-lyase（PAL）and cinnamic acid 4-Hydroxylase（C4H）were determined with ultraviolet spectrophotometry.The secondary metabolites were detected by High Performance Liquid Chromatography（HPLC）.[Result]The germination percentage,germination potentiality and germination index were seriously affected by low or high temperature.The proper germination temperature was 20-25 ℃.The activities of SOD,POD and CAT were significantly decreased as comparison to suitable temperature.The activities of PAL and C4H were also significantly decreased as comparision to suitable temperature which was accordance to the secondary metabolites.There was a positive correlation between the flavonoids content and the PAL and C4H activity（r=0.956,r=0.951,P0.05）.[Conclusion]The quality of the skullcaps could be improved by improving the activity of PAL and C4H.The proper temperature for the seed germination and the formation of secondary metabolites was 20 ℃.
文摘This study aims to explore the effect of GA_(3) concentration and soaking time on seed germination characteristics of blueberry.To be specific,big(B),medium-sized(M),and small(S)blueberry seeds were soaked in 0,100,200,and 300 mg/L GA_(3) solution for 18 h and 200 mg/L GA_(3) solution for 0,24,and 48 h,respectively.The results showed that 300 mg/L GA_(3) had significant effect on the germination of B and M seeds(P<0.01)and enabled the germination 4~5 d and 7~8 d earlier,respectively.Soaking with 200 mg/L GA_(3) for 24 h was conducive to the germination of B and M seeds(P<0.05).However,GA_(3) concentration and soaking time had no obviously promoting effect on the germination of S seeds.The interactions between GA_(3) concentration and seed size and between soaking time and seed size were significant(P<0.01).
基金The authors would like to acknowledge funding from the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2008AA10Z224)National Natural Science Foundation of China (30700055,30960261)Doctoral Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20070200005)
文摘[ Objective] To study the germination characteristics of Hordeum brevisubulatum seeds in the Songnen Plains of China under different conditions and find out the optimum conditions for germination. [ Method] A total of five variable temperatures including 15/25, 20/30, 15/30, 20/25 and 15/20 ℃, five concentrations of sodium chloride solutions including 0, 75, 85, 95 and 105 mmol/L, and five concentrations of CS2 strain （the A values were 0, 0.500 0, 0.050 0, 0.005 0 and 0.000 5, respectively） were studied by orthogonal experimental design. [ Result] The germination rate, germination energy and germination index were significantly （ P 〈 0.05） affected by the temperature and sodium chloride concentration, but rarely affected by the CS2 strain concentration. Moreover, the germination rate, germination potential and germination index were all decreased with the increasing of sodium chloride concentration. [ Conclusion] The optimal germination conditions of Hordeum brevisubulatum are as follows： temperatures of 15/25 ℃ and 15/30℃, 0 mmoVL of sodium chloride concentration.
文摘When using the seedling-emergence method to anal-yse the structure and composition of soil seed-bank,the greenhouse conditions should match the gemmination re-quirements of the species involved in the sample soil[1-8].Although the seedling-emergence method is commonly used in ecological studies[7.9-22].the germi-nation characteristics of many species are unknown.or only partly known[1-8.11,20].In order to estimate the composition of soil seed-bank.soil samples are often spread in a greenhouse,whereupon the emerging seedlings are counted[9.10,12,18].Essential for this seedling emergence method is that the conditions in the greenhouse are suitable for gemination of as many species and individuals as possible[9.10.12,18].
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFD2301404)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project(2024JJ8071+2 种基金2023JJ50463)Hunan Province Graduate Research Innovation Project(QL20230173CX20240636).
文摘To explore the physiological mechanism of rice seeds’tolerance to cold damage stress,the hybrid rice variety H-You 518 and the conventional rice variety Zhongjiazao 17 were used as experimental materials.A low-temperature cold damage treatment(4℃)and a normal germination treatment(25℃)were used to measure seed vitality,antioxidant enzyme activity,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content,α-amylase activity,endopeptidase,and related gene expression levels.The results showed that low temperature inhibited seed vitality and germination ability,and after restoring normal growth conditions,the activities of POD and CAT,as well as the content of MDA in the seedlings,were significantly increased.Between these two rice varieties,the seed vitality and antioxidant enzyme activity of the Zhongjiazao 17 conventional rice variety were more sensitive to low-temperature stress.During seed germination,both the total soluble sugar and soluble protein levels showed a trend of first decreasing,then increasing,and finally decreasing under low-temperature cold damage.The total soluble sugar content of H-You 518 was higher than that of Zhongjiazao 17.Through correlation analysis,it was found that under low-temperature damage,the activities ofα-amylase and endopeptidases were significantly positively correlated with the soluble protein content,with correlation coefficients of 0.55 and 0.61,respectively,indicating that the trends of these changes were basically consistent.During the germination process,the expression levels of theα-AMY and EP genes gradually increased,but low-temperature stress reduced the expression levels of these genes.In summary,low-temperature cold damage conditions reduced the activities ofα-amylase and endopeptidases,thereby slowing down the production of soluble sugars and soluble proteins.Moreover,the activities ofα-amylase and endopeptidases were regulated by theα-AMY and EP genes.This study provides a reference for the physiological mechanism analysis of rice seed germination in low temperatures and under cold stress.
