This was the sixth time Motondi Gerard Orro has visited China.Once a college teacher,the 52-year-old Kenyan sculptor'is enthusiastic about his stone carving career and how it relates to China. Motondi first visite...This was the sixth time Motondi Gerard Orro has visited China.Once a college teacher,the 52-year-old Kenyan sculptor'is enthusiastic about his stone carving career and how it relates to China. Motondi first visited China in 2006,when he was invited to the International Stone Carving Symposium in Hui'an,southeast China's Pujian Province,and made his first stone carving work in China named Fish Family.展开更多
Professor Fournial Gerard was born on May5th,1944in Lyon,France.He gained MD from Toulouse Medical University in1975,and finished his medical surgery training at Toulouse University,France from1969-1972 and Geneva Uni...Professor Fournial Gerard was born on May5th,1944in Lyon,France.He gained MD from Toulouse Medical University in1975,and finished his medical surgery training at Toulouse University,France from1969-1972 and Geneva University Hospital,Switzerland from1973-1975.展开更多
文献间的相互引用作为知识流动中的一种重要方式,不仅扩大了知识溢出,同时也为知识增殖提供了条件。以信息检索领域作为研究对象,以Web of Science数据库中引用信息检索领域的奠基人之Gerard Salton的引文作为研究对象,探讨了信息检索...文献间的相互引用作为知识流动中的一种重要方式,不仅扩大了知识溢出,同时也为知识增殖提供了条件。以信息检索领域作为研究对象,以Web of Science数据库中引用信息检索领域的奠基人之Gerard Salton的引文作为研究对象,探讨了信息检索领域中的知识溢出,并通过词频统计分析引文的研究热点。鉴于Gerard Salton是向量空间模型的创始人,进一步分析了引文中研究向量空间模型的引文,具体研究了其知识增殖状况。最后,基于上面的结论总结了知识流动中知识链的两个节点——前沿载文和知识基础,并探讨了前沿载文中的研究前沿问题,且初步预测了未来信息检索领域的研究前沿。展开更多
At least zoologists know that barnacles are arthropods rather than mollusks.However,this knowledge is surprisingly new,for it was as recent as 1830 before J.Vaughan Thompson showed,through a careful study of barnacle ...At least zoologists know that barnacles are arthropods rather than mollusks.However,this knowledge is surprisingly new,for it was as recent as 1830 before J.Vaughan Thompson showed,through a careful study of barnacle larvae,that they were crustaceans.In the 1850s,Charles Darwin unraveled much of the taxonomy of barnacles,and,significantly,his observations and classification of them follow the structure that was to be published later as his evolutionary theory.Irrespective of these works,knowledge of the systematic placement of barnacles remains surprisingly poor in the wider population today,with most non-biologists viewing barnacles as shallow-water fouling organisms related to oysters and limpets.The present paper reviews the way humans have perceived barnacles for at least a millennium;it evaluates why they were thought to have grown from trees and to have been part of the life cycle of birds;it concludes by contemplating the manner in which we perceive our environment and by doing so try to make sense of our world.展开更多
文摘This was the sixth time Motondi Gerard Orro has visited China.Once a college teacher,the 52-year-old Kenyan sculptor'is enthusiastic about his stone carving career and how it relates to China. Motondi first visited China in 2006,when he was invited to the International Stone Carving Symposium in Hui'an,southeast China's Pujian Province,and made his first stone carving work in China named Fish Family.
文摘Professor Fournial Gerard was born on May5th,1944in Lyon,France.He gained MD from Toulouse Medical University in1975,and finished his medical surgery training at Toulouse University,France from1969-1972 and Geneva University Hospital,Switzerland from1973-1975.
文摘文献间的相互引用作为知识流动中的一种重要方式,不仅扩大了知识溢出,同时也为知识增殖提供了条件。以信息检索领域作为研究对象,以Web of Science数据库中引用信息检索领域的奠基人之Gerard Salton的引文作为研究对象,探讨了信息检索领域中的知识溢出,并通过词频统计分析引文的研究热点。鉴于Gerard Salton是向量空间模型的创始人,进一步分析了引文中研究向量空间模型的引文,具体研究了其知识增殖状况。最后,基于上面的结论总结了知识流动中知识链的两个节点——前沿载文和知识基础,并探讨了前沿载文中的研究前沿问题,且初步预测了未来信息检索领域的研究前沿。
基金I thank Professor William(Bill)A.Newman,Scripps Institute of Oceanography,California,my constant friend in the Cirripedia,who has mentored,debated and researched with me on barnacles for more than 3 decades.It was in the 1990s that Bill directed me to the extraordinary work of the English polymath Edward Heron-Allen,whose observations feature significantly in this paper.Professor Rob Watts and Father Jo Dirks,RMIT University,Melbourne,Associate Professor James McGrath,Butler University,Indianapolis provided helpful comments at an early stage of the manuscript and 3 anonymous referees provided further insight,Ms Urara“Fujitsubo”Kuratani,of Kobe,Japan kindly provided images of her wonderful barnacle art,demonstrating that cirripedophilia is alive and thriving in the 21st century.Ms Sandra Powlette,British Library,London is thanked for kindly arranging permission,without fee,to use the image in Fig.1(taken from the 13th century manuscript Bestiary).I also thank the Bureau of International Cooperation,Chinese Academy of Sciences that supported my attendance at the Seventh International Crustacean Congress in Qingdao,China,to give an oral presentation of this paper.
文摘At least zoologists know that barnacles are arthropods rather than mollusks.However,this knowledge is surprisingly new,for it was as recent as 1830 before J.Vaughan Thompson showed,through a careful study of barnacle larvae,that they were crustaceans.In the 1850s,Charles Darwin unraveled much of the taxonomy of barnacles,and,significantly,his observations and classification of them follow the structure that was to be published later as his evolutionary theory.Irrespective of these works,knowledge of the systematic placement of barnacles remains surprisingly poor in the wider population today,with most non-biologists viewing barnacles as shallow-water fouling organisms related to oysters and limpets.The present paper reviews the way humans have perceived barnacles for at least a millennium;it evaluates why they were thought to have grown from trees and to have been part of the life cycle of birds;it concludes by contemplating the manner in which we perceive our environment and by doing so try to make sense of our world.
