The scale and characteristics of rock mass are important indexes of the rock mass structural plane classification. This paper firstly analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics, the structural plane types （ori...The scale and characteristics of rock mass are important indexes of the rock mass structural plane classification. This paper firstly analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics, the structural plane types （original structural plane, tectonic structural plane and hypergenic structural plane） and the associated features of the Emeishan basalts and then studies the classification schemes of the built hydropower structure planes of different rock areas （the east district, the central district and the west district） in the Emeishan basalt distribution area, Southwest China. Based on the analysis and comparison of the scale and the engineering geological characteristics of the typical structure planes in the basalt hydroelectric Stations, the types of structural planes are used in the first order classification. The secondary order classification is made by considering the impact factors of rock mass quality, e.g., the state of the structural planes, infilling, joint opening, extending length, the grade of weathering and strength. The engineering geological classification for Emeishan basalt is proposed. Because there are no evidences of a large structure presenting in study area, the first-order （Ⅰ） controlling structural planes do not appear in the classification, there only appear Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ grade structural planes influencing the rock-mass quality. According to the different rock-block types in bedding fault zone, the second-grade （Ⅱ） structural planes consisted of bedding fault zone is further classified into Ⅱ1, Ⅱ2 and Ⅱ3. The third-grade （Ⅲ） structural planes constructed by intraformational faulted zones are not subdivided. According to the different characteristics of intrusion, alteration and weathering unloading structural planes, the Ⅳ grade structure plane is divided into Ⅳ1, Ⅳ2 and Ⅳ3. According to the development characteristics of joints and fractures, the V grade structure plane is divided into fracture Ⅴ1 and columnar joint Ⅴ2. In all, the structural planes are classified into four groups with nine subsets. The research proposes the engineering geological classification of the structural plane for the hydropower project in the Emishan basalts, and the result of the study has a potential application in similar regions.展开更多
Success in the excavation of geological formations is commonly known as being very important in asserting stability. Furthermore, when the subjected geological formation is rocky and the use of explosives is required,...Success in the excavation of geological formations is commonly known as being very important in asserting stability. Furthermore, when the subjected geological formation is rocky and the use of explosives is required, the demands of successful blasting are multiplied. The present paper proposes a classification system, named： BQS （blast ability quality system）, for rock masses with widely spaced discontinuities （spacing longer than l m）. It is obvious that rock quality is one of the main characteristics which define the blast ability of a rock. The BQS can be an easy and widely-used tool as it is a quick evaluator for blast ability and rock mass quality at one time. Taking into consideration the research calculations and the parameters of BQS, what has been at question in this paper is the effect of blast ability in a geological formation with widely spaced discontinuities.展开更多
Since the 21st century, the world is facing increasingly severe disaster problems, which greatly affect the development of human economy. As one of the natural disasters, the study of marine geological disasters is be...Since the 21st century, the world is facing increasingly severe disaster problems, which greatly affect the development of human economy. As one of the natural disasters, the study of marine geological disasters is becoming a research hotspot. From the perspective of disaster mechanism, this paper reviews the classification methods of marine geological disasters from 1980 to now, and discusses the genetic mechanism of typical marine geological disasters on the continental margin, which provides scientific basis for the construction of marine engineering.展开更多
Success in the excavation of geological formations is commonly known as being very important in asserting stability. Furthermore, when the subjected geological formation is rocky and the use of explosives is required,...Success in the excavation of geological formations is commonly known as being very important in asserting stability. Furthermore, when the subjected geological formation is rocky and the use of explosives is required, the demands of successful blasting are multiplied. The present paper proposes a classification system, named： BQS （Blastability Quality System）, for rock masses with closely spaced discontinuities （spacing lower than 0.1 m）. It is obvious that rock quality is one of the main characteristics which define the blast ability of a rock. The BQS can be an easy and widely-used tool as it is a quick evaluator for blastability and rock mass quality at one time. Taking into consideration the research calculations and the parameters of BQS, what has been at question in this paper is the effect of blast ability in a geological formation with closely spaced discontinuities.展开更多
Detection of hazardous arsenic contamination in geological formations is a critical challenge in construction and environmental monitoring.Traditional methods for identifying arsenic-containing zones in boring cores r...Detection of hazardous arsenic contamination in geological formations is a critical challenge in construction and environmental monitoring.Traditional methods for identifying arsenic-containing zones in boring cores rely on time-consuming leaching tests and expert analyses,which lead to delays and increased tunnel construction costs.This study proposes an advanced approach that combines hyperspectral imaging(HSI)and convolutional neural networks(CNNs)to identify arsenic-containing areas in boring cores rapidly and accurately.Boring cores consisting of mudstone and tuff were analyzed,and arsenic concentrations were measured using a handheld Xray fluorescence(XRF)analyzer.These XRF measurements served as viable proxies for leaching potential.Hyperspectral images were captured under controlled conditions and preprocessed for CNN training.Initial models using spectral data alone achieved low prediction accuracy(40%-70%)owing to the subtle spectral variations caused by arsenic concentrations.By integrating geological classification with spectral data,the model demonstrated significant improvement,achieving a prediction accuracy exceeding 80%.This study highlights the potential of combining HSI with CNNs for the efficient detection of arsenic-containing areas,thereby offering a scalable,cost-effective,and rapid solution for identifying hazardous zones in boring cores.These findings pave the way for improved environmental safety and reduced delays in construction and resource extraction projects.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.41072228)
文摘The scale and characteristics of rock mass are important indexes of the rock mass structural plane classification. This paper firstly analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics, the structural plane types （original structural plane, tectonic structural plane and hypergenic structural plane） and the associated features of the Emeishan basalts and then studies the classification schemes of the built hydropower structure planes of different rock areas （the east district, the central district and the west district） in the Emeishan basalt distribution area, Southwest China. Based on the analysis and comparison of the scale and the engineering geological characteristics of the typical structure planes in the basalt hydroelectric Stations, the types of structural planes are used in the first order classification. The secondary order classification is made by considering the impact factors of rock mass quality, e.g., the state of the structural planes, infilling, joint opening, extending length, the grade of weathering and strength. The engineering geological classification for Emeishan basalt is proposed. Because there are no evidences of a large structure presenting in study area, the first-order （Ⅰ） controlling structural planes do not appear in the classification, there only appear Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ grade structural planes influencing the rock-mass quality. According to the different rock-block types in bedding fault zone, the second-grade （Ⅱ） structural planes consisted of bedding fault zone is further classified into Ⅱ1, Ⅱ2 and Ⅱ3. The third-grade （Ⅲ） structural planes constructed by intraformational faulted zones are not subdivided. According to the different characteristics of intrusion, alteration and weathering unloading structural planes, the Ⅳ grade structure plane is divided into Ⅳ1, Ⅳ2 and Ⅳ3. According to the development characteristics of joints and fractures, the V grade structure plane is divided into fracture Ⅴ1 and columnar joint Ⅴ2. In all, the structural planes are classified into four groups with nine subsets. The research proposes the engineering geological classification of the structural plane for the hydropower project in the Emishan basalts, and the result of the study has a potential application in similar regions.
文摘Success in the excavation of geological formations is commonly known as being very important in asserting stability. Furthermore, when the subjected geological formation is rocky and the use of explosives is required, the demands of successful blasting are multiplied. The present paper proposes a classification system, named： BQS （blast ability quality system）, for rock masses with widely spaced discontinuities （spacing longer than l m）. It is obvious that rock quality is one of the main characteristics which define the blast ability of a rock. The BQS can be an easy and widely-used tool as it is a quick evaluator for blast ability and rock mass quality at one time. Taking into consideration the research calculations and the parameters of BQS, what has been at question in this paper is the effect of blast ability in a geological formation with widely spaced discontinuities.
文摘Since the 21st century, the world is facing increasingly severe disaster problems, which greatly affect the development of human economy. As one of the natural disasters, the study of marine geological disasters is becoming a research hotspot. From the perspective of disaster mechanism, this paper reviews the classification methods of marine geological disasters from 1980 to now, and discusses the genetic mechanism of typical marine geological disasters on the continental margin, which provides scientific basis for the construction of marine engineering.
文摘Success in the excavation of geological formations is commonly known as being very important in asserting stability. Furthermore, when the subjected geological formation is rocky and the use of explosives is required, the demands of successful blasting are multiplied. The present paper proposes a classification system, named： BQS （Blastability Quality System）, for rock masses with closely spaced discontinuities （spacing lower than 0.1 m）. It is obvious that rock quality is one of the main characteristics which define the blast ability of a rock. The BQS can be an easy and widely-used tool as it is a quick evaluator for blastability and rock mass quality at one time. Taking into consideration the research calculations and the parameters of BQS, what has been at question in this paper is the effect of blast ability in a geological formation with closely spaced discontinuities.
基金supported by the Support Program funds for Young Researchers in FY 2024 from Hokkaido University,Japan,to Yoko Ohtomosupported by the Nanotechnology Platform Program of the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science,and Technology(MEXT),Japanprogram funds for Young Researchers in FY 2024 from Hokkaido University,Japan to Yoko Ohtomo
文摘Detection of hazardous arsenic contamination in geological formations is a critical challenge in construction and environmental monitoring.Traditional methods for identifying arsenic-containing zones in boring cores rely on time-consuming leaching tests and expert analyses,which lead to delays and increased tunnel construction costs.This study proposes an advanced approach that combines hyperspectral imaging(HSI)and convolutional neural networks(CNNs)to identify arsenic-containing areas in boring cores rapidly and accurately.Boring cores consisting of mudstone and tuff were analyzed,and arsenic concentrations were measured using a handheld Xray fluorescence(XRF)analyzer.These XRF measurements served as viable proxies for leaching potential.Hyperspectral images were captured under controlled conditions and preprocessed for CNN training.Initial models using spectral data alone achieved low prediction accuracy(40%-70%)owing to the subtle spectral variations caused by arsenic concentrations.By integrating geological classification with spectral data,the model demonstrated significant improvement,achieving a prediction accuracy exceeding 80%.This study highlights the potential of combining HSI with CNNs for the efficient detection of arsenic-containing areas,thereby offering a scalable,cost-effective,and rapid solution for identifying hazardous zones in boring cores.These findings pave the way for improved environmental safety and reduced delays in construction and resource extraction projects.
