Continental silicate weathering acts as a crucial negative feedback mechanism for removing atmospheric CO_(2) and maintaining Earth's long-term climate stability.However,quantifying continental silicate weathering...Continental silicate weathering acts as a crucial negative feedback mechanism for removing atmospheric CO_(2) and maintaining Earth's long-term climate stability.However,quantifying continental silicate weathering rates and fluxes continues to pose a fundamental challenge in Earth system science.This study utilizes the GEOCLIM carbon cycle model,which integrates modern high-resolution(0.1°×0.1°)datasets on surface temperature,runoff,topography,and lithology to model the spatial distribution of global silicate weathering fluxes.Results indicate a strong correlation between modeled basin-scale outputs and hydrological observations,with weathering rates falling within consistent error margins.Silicate weathering fluxes exhibit distinct latitudinal patterns,with the highest values concentrated within 30°of the equator,accounting for 76.9%of the global total.Continental contributions differ significantly,with Asian river basins representing 36.9%of global fluxes,primarily from Southeast Asia(17.4%),South Asia(8.2%),and East Asia(6.6%).They are followed by South America(29.2%)and Africa(21.7%).Tectonically active regions contribute 21.9%of global silicate weathering,while stable regions account for 72.6%.Multivariate regression analyses using RF and XGBoost machine learning algorithms identify runoff as the primary controlling factor of weathering on a global scale.Weathering in stable regions is jointly regulated by runoff and erosion rates,whereas temperature is the prevailing factor in tectonically active zones.The GEOCLIM model offers a robust framework for quantifying continental weathering processes.Future studies should incorporate organic carbon oxidation,burial,and sulfide oxidation dynamics to clarify carbon cycle interactions and reveal climate-dependent mechanisms for weathering responses and feedback.展开更多
In this paper, observed climate change impacts in the country were collated and tabulated to provide the baseline information on the prevalent climate hazards associated with the impacts. Available climate and socio-e...In this paper, observed climate change impacts in the country were collated and tabulated to provide the baseline information on the prevalent climate hazards associated with the impacts. Available climate and socio-economic datasets for the country were then subjected to the GeoClim software analyses in order to generate the spatial patterns of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity parameters. Composite layers of these parameters were overlayed to generate the vulnerability map. Finally, effectiveness of the country’s existing policies and capacities in addressing the vulnerabilities has been evaluated. Results have revealed that the entire country is vulnerable. However, the Northern parts as well as the Southern tip of the coastal strip are the most vulnerable. Flood and drought hazards result in the greatest impacts to the Kenyan society. Significant gaps and weaknesses have been observed in the existing policies and capacities which render them inadequate to effectively address the vulnerability. It is concluded that the country urgently requires a raft of measures to address the current and future vulnerabilities presented by climate change.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFF0800504)the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41991324)the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92479106)。
文摘Continental silicate weathering acts as a crucial negative feedback mechanism for removing atmospheric CO_(2) and maintaining Earth's long-term climate stability.However,quantifying continental silicate weathering rates and fluxes continues to pose a fundamental challenge in Earth system science.This study utilizes the GEOCLIM carbon cycle model,which integrates modern high-resolution(0.1°×0.1°)datasets on surface temperature,runoff,topography,and lithology to model the spatial distribution of global silicate weathering fluxes.Results indicate a strong correlation between modeled basin-scale outputs and hydrological observations,with weathering rates falling within consistent error margins.Silicate weathering fluxes exhibit distinct latitudinal patterns,with the highest values concentrated within 30°of the equator,accounting for 76.9%of the global total.Continental contributions differ significantly,with Asian river basins representing 36.9%of global fluxes,primarily from Southeast Asia(17.4%),South Asia(8.2%),and East Asia(6.6%).They are followed by South America(29.2%)and Africa(21.7%).Tectonically active regions contribute 21.9%of global silicate weathering,while stable regions account for 72.6%.Multivariate regression analyses using RF and XGBoost machine learning algorithms identify runoff as the primary controlling factor of weathering on a global scale.Weathering in stable regions is jointly regulated by runoff and erosion rates,whereas temperature is the prevailing factor in tectonically active zones.The GEOCLIM model offers a robust framework for quantifying continental weathering processes.Future studies should incorporate organic carbon oxidation,burial,and sulfide oxidation dynamics to clarify carbon cycle interactions and reveal climate-dependent mechanisms for weathering responses and feedback.
文摘In this paper, observed climate change impacts in the country were collated and tabulated to provide the baseline information on the prevalent climate hazards associated with the impacts. Available climate and socio-economic datasets for the country were then subjected to the GeoClim software analyses in order to generate the spatial patterns of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity parameters. Composite layers of these parameters were overlayed to generate the vulnerability map. Finally, effectiveness of the country’s existing policies and capacities in addressing the vulnerabilities has been evaluated. Results have revealed that the entire country is vulnerable. However, the Northern parts as well as the Southern tip of the coastal strip are the most vulnerable. Flood and drought hazards result in the greatest impacts to the Kenyan society. Significant gaps and weaknesses have been observed in the existing policies and capacities which render them inadequate to effectively address the vulnerability. It is concluded that the country urgently requires a raft of measures to address the current and future vulnerabilities presented by climate change.
