Regarding the special potential of ports located on international coastlines such as Makoran Sea (Iran) for goods and human smuggling, national level of coastline security is very important. They can play a significan...Regarding the special potential of ports located on international coastlines such as Makoran Sea (Iran) for goods and human smuggling, national level of coastline security is very important. They can play a significant role in the development of power and security. Based on military reviews and analyses, police location and monitoring field view in the coastlines are strategic issues in modern security development. This research proposes a tool for development of coastal roads and coastal walking routes in the deployment of police. The main focuses are monitoring field view and accessibility to the strategic coastline. GIS tool plays an essential role in producing important security maps. Chabahar Port in Iran, as the most important port of Makoran Sea, has been selected as the study area, regarding its strategic role in the national economy and security. Research method focused on these major axes: successful establishment of police stations in shoreline for increasing monitoring and coastal security and suitable patrol of patrol police car in the coastal roads. This study adopts a scientific approach to the analysis of the present and future development in urban and security planning in coastal towns in the national and regional levels.展开更多
BACKGROUND Due to the increasing rate of thyroid nodules diagnosis,and the desire to avoid the unsightly cervical scar,remote thyroidectomies were invented and are increasingly performed.Transoral endoscopic thyroidec...BACKGROUND Due to the increasing rate of thyroid nodules diagnosis,and the desire to avoid the unsightly cervical scar,remote thyroidectomies were invented and are increasingly performed.Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach and trans-areolar approaches(TAA)are the two most commonly used remote approaches.No previous meta-analysis has compared postoperative infections and swallowing difficulties among the two procedures.AIM To compared the same among patients undergoing lobectomy for unilateral thyroid carcinoma/benign thyroid nodule.METHODS We searched PubMed MEDLINE,Google Scholar,and Cochrane Library from the date of the first published article up to August 2025.The term used were transoral thyroidectomy vestibular approach,trans areolar thyroidectomy,scarless thyroidectomy,remote thyroidectomy,infections,postoperative,inflammation,dysphagia,and swallowing difficulties.We identified 130 studies,of them,30 full texts were screened and only six studies were included in the final meta-analysis.RESULTS Postoperative infections were not different between the two approaches,odd ratio=1.33,95%confidence interval:0.50-3.53,theχ2 was 1.92 and the P-value for overall effect of 0.57.Similarly,transient swallowing difficulty was not different between the two forms of surgery,with odd ratio=0.91,95%confidence interval:0.35-2.40;theχ2 was 1.32,and the P-value for overall effect of 0.85.CONCLUSION No significant statistical differences were evident between trans-oral endoscopic Mirghani H.Infections and swallowing difficulty in scarless thyroidectomy WJCC https://www.wjgnet.com 2 January 6,2026 Volume 14 Issue 1 thyroidectomy vestibular approach and trans-areolar approach regarding postoperative infection and transient swallowing difficulties.Further longer randomized trials are needed.展开更多
Concerning about the rapid urban growth in recent China, this study takes Beijing as a case and puts forward that urban sprawl can be measured from spatial configuration, urban growth efficiency and external impacts, ...Concerning about the rapid urban growth in recent China, this study takes Beijing as a case and puts forward that urban sprawl can be measured from spatial configuration, urban growth efficiency and external impacts, and then develops a geo-spatial indices system for measuring sprawl, a total of 13 indicators. In order to calculate these indices, different sources data are selected, including land use maps, former land use planning, land price and floor-area-ratio samples, digitized map of the highways and city centers, population and GDP statistical data, etc. Various GIS spatial analysis methods are used to spatialize these indices into 100mx100m cells. Besides, an integrated urban sprawl index is calculated by weight sum of these 13 indices. The application result indicates that geo-spatial indices system can capture most of the typical features and interior differentia of urban sprawl. Construction land in Beijing has kept fast growing with large amount, low efficiency and disordered spatial configuration, indicating a typical sprawling tendency. The following specific sprawl features are identified by each indicator： （1） typical spatial configuration of sprawling： obvious fragmentation and irregularity of landscape due to unsuccessful enforcement of land use planning, unadvisable pattern of typical discontinuous development, strip development and leapfrog development; （2） low efficiency of sprawl： low development density, low population density and economic output in newly developed area; and （3） negative impacts on agriculture, environment and city life. According to the integrated sprawl index, the sprawling amount in the northern part is larger than that in the southern, but the sprawling extent is in converse case; most sprawling area include the marginal area of the near suburbs and the area between highways, etc. Four sprawling patterns are identified： randomly expansion at urban fringe, strip development along or between highways, scattered development of industrial land, leapfrog development of urban residence and industrial area.展开更多
The paper presents a set of techniques of digital watermarking by which copyright and user rights messages are hidden into geo-spatial graphics data,as well as techniques of compressing and encrypting the watermarked ...The paper presents a set of techniques of digital watermarking by which copyright and user rights messages are hidden into geo-spatial graphics data,as well as techniques of compressing and encrypting the watermarked geo-spatial graphics data.The technology aims at tracing and resisting the illegal distribution and duplication of the geo-spatial graphics data product,so as to effectively protect the data producer＇s rights as well as to facilitate the secure sharing of geo-spatial graphics data.So far in the CIS field throughout the world,few researches have been made on digital watermarking.The research is a novel exploration both in the field of security management of geo-spatial graphics data and in the applications of digital watermarking technique.An application software employing the proposed technology has been developed.A number of experimental tests on the 1：500,000 digital bathymetric chart of the South China Sea and 1：10,000 digital topographic map of Jiangsu Province have been conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed technology.展开更多
China' Mainland has a poor distribution of meteorological stations.Existing models’estimation accuracy for creating high-resolution surfaces of meteorological data is restricted for air temperature,and low for re...China' Mainland has a poor distribution of meteorological stations.Existing models’estimation accuracy for creating high-resolution surfaces of meteorological data is restricted for air temperature,and low for relative humidity and wind speed(few studies reported).This study compared the typical generalized additive model(GAM)and autoencoder-based residual neural network(hereafter,residual network for short)in terms of predicting three meteorological parameters,namely air temperature,relative humidity,and wind speed,using data from 824 monitoring stations across China’s mainland in 2015.The performance of the two models was assessed using a 10-fold cross-validation procedure.The air temperature models employ basic variables such as latitude,longitude,elevation,and the day of the year.The relative humidity models employ air temperature and ozone concentration as covariates,while the wind speed models use wind speed coarse-resolution reanalysis data as covariates,in addition to the fundamental variables.Spatial coordinates represent spatial variation,while the time index of the day captures time variation in our spatiotemporal models.In comparison to GAM,the residual network considerably improved prediction accuracy:on average,the coefficient of variation(CV)R2 of the three meteorological parameters rose by 0.21,CV root-mean square(RMSE)fell by 37%,and the relative humidity model improved the most.The accuracy of relative humidity models was considerably improved once the monthly index was included,demonstrating that varied amounts of temporal variables are crucial for relative humidity models.We also spoke about the benefits and drawbacks of using coarse resolution reanalysis data and closest neighbor values as variables.In comparison to classic GAMs,this study indicates that the residual network model may considerably increase the accuracy of national high spatial(1 km)and temporal(daily)resolution meteorological data.Our findings have implications for high-resolution and high-accuracy meteorological parameter mapping in China.展开更多
Tourism is a rapidly growing investment point in Sri Lanka, where huge investment is takeing place. Even though the investment is very massive, the planning, development, and marketing are key components of success in...Tourism is a rapidly growing investment point in Sri Lanka, where huge investment is takeing place. Even though the investment is very massive, the planning, development, and marketing are key components of success in tourism zone enhancement. The main objective of this study was to implement a geo-spatial information system for development of tourism in Kandy district. Primary data collection methods i.e. questionnaire survey, interviews, focus group interviews, and observations were employed for data collection. Google maps with Google API standards which are specially designed for developers and computer programmers were used for implementation of the system. System requirements were identified by interviewing tourists and observations made on tourist sites. Proximity analysis, spatial joint, and network analysis with Google direction application program interface （API） and Google place API were used to analyze data. The study highlights the potential tourist attractions and the accessibility and other required details through a web output. Issues and challenges faced by travelers are mainly lack of specific location information, public transport schedules, and reliable tourist attraction information. Online geo-spatial information system created in this study provides a guide for tourists to fred the destination routes, the service areas, and all necessary details on particular destinations.展开更多
In integrating geo-spatial datasets, sometimes layers are unable to perfectly overlay each other. In most cases, the cause of misalignment is the cartographic variation of objects forming features in the datasets. Eit...In integrating geo-spatial datasets, sometimes layers are unable to perfectly overlay each other. In most cases, the cause of misalignment is the cartographic variation of objects forming features in the datasets. Either this could be due to actual changes on ground, collection, or storage approaches used leading to overlapping or openings between features. In this paper, we present an alignment method that uses adjustment algorithms to update the geometry of features within a dataset or complementary adjacent datasets so that they can align to achieve perfect integration. The method identifies every unique spatial instance in datasets and their spatial points that define all their geometry;the differences are compared and used to compute the alignment parameters. This provides a uniform geo-spatial features’ alignment taking into consideration changes in the different datasets being integrated without affecting the topology and attributes.展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,necessitating innovative diagnostic and prognostic strategies.Traditional biomarkers like C-reactive protein,uric acid,troponi...Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,necessitating innovative diagnostic and prognostic strategies.Traditional biomarkers like C-reactive protein,uric acid,troponin,and natriuretic peptides play crucial roles in CVD management,yet they are often limited by sensitivity and specificity constraints.This narrative review critically examines the emerging landscape of cardiac biomarkers and advocates for a multiple-marker approach to enhance early detection,prognosis,and risk stratification of CVD.In recent years,several novel biomarkers have shown promise in revolutionizing CVD diagnostics.Gamma-glutamyltransferase,microRNAs,endothelial microparticles,placental growth factor,trimethylamine N-oxide,retinol-binding protein 4,copeptin,heart-type fatty acid-binding protein,galectin-3,growth differentiation factor-15,soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2,fibroblast growth factor 23,and adrenomedullin have emerged as significant indicators of CV health.These biomarkers provide insights into various pathophysiological processes,such as oxidative stress,endothelial dysfunction,inflammation,metabolic disturbances,and myocardial injury.The integration of these novel biomarkers with traditional ones offers a more comprehensive understanding of CVD mechanisms.This multiple-marker approach can improve diagnostic accuracy,allowing for better risk stratification and more personalized treatment strategies.This review underscores the need for continued research to validate the clinical utility of these biomarkers and their potential incorporation into routine clinical practice.By leveraging the strengths of both traditional and novel biomarkers,precise therapeutic plans can be developed,thereby improving the management and prognosis of patients with CVDs.The ongoing exploration and validation of these biomarkers are crucial for advancing CV care and addressing the limitations of current diagnostic tools.展开更多
The progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in affected patient brains is one of the pathological features of Parkinson's disease,the second most common human neurodegenerative disease.Although the detailed patho...The progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in affected patient brains is one of the pathological features of Parkinson's disease,the second most common human neurodegenerative disease.Although the detailed pathogenesis accounting for dopaminergic neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease is still unclear,the advancement of stem cell approaches has shown promise for Parkinson's disease research and therapy.The induced pluripotent stem cells have been commonly used to generate dopaminergic neurons,which has provided valuable insights to improve our understanding of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis and contributed to anti-Parkinson's disease therapies.The current review discusses the practical approaches and potential applications of induced pluripotent stem cell techniques for generating and differentiating dopaminergic neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells.The benefits of induced pluripotent stem cell-based research are highlighted.Various dopaminergic neuron differentiation protocols from induced pluripotent stem cells are compared.The emerging three-dimension-based brain organoid models compared with conventional two-dimensional cell culture are evaluated.Finally,limitations,challenges,and future directions of induced pluripotent stem cell–based approaches are analyzed and proposed,which will be significant to the future application of induced pluripotent stem cell-related techniques for Parkinson's disease.展开更多
Deep learning algorithms have been rapidly incorporated into many different applications due to the increase in computational power and the availability of massive amounts of data.Recently,both deep learning and ensem...Deep learning algorithms have been rapidly incorporated into many different applications due to the increase in computational power and the availability of massive amounts of data.Recently,both deep learning and ensemble learning have been used to recognize underlying structures and patterns from high-level features to make predictions/decisions.With the growth in popularity of deep learning and ensemble learning algorithms,they have received significant attention from both scientists and the industrial community due to their superior ability to learn features from big data.Ensemble deep learning has exhibited significant performance in enhancing learning generalization through the use of multiple deep learning algorithms.Although ensemble deep learning has large quantities of training parameters,which results in time and space overheads,it performs much better than traditional ensemble learning.Ensemble deep learning has been successfully used in several areas,such as bioinformatics,finance,and health care.In this paper,we review and investigate recent ensemble deep learning algorithms and techniques in health care domains,medical imaging,health care data analytics,genomics,diagnosis,disease prevention,and drug discovery.We cover several widely used deep learning algorithms along with their architectures,including deep neural networks(DNNs),convolutional neural networks(CNNs),recurrent neural networks(RNNs),and generative adversarial networks(GANs).Common healthcare tasks,such as medical imaging,electronic health records,and genomics,are also demonstrated.Furthermore,in this review,the challenges inherent in reducing the burden on the healthcare system are discussed and explored.Finally,future directions and opportunities for enhancing healthcare model performance are discussed.展开更多
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the study by Hou et al,focusing on the complex interplay between psychological and physical factors in the postoperative recovery(POR)of patients with perianal disease...This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the study by Hou et al,focusing on the complex interplay between psychological and physical factors in the postoperative recovery(POR)of patients with perianal diseases.The study sheds light on how illness perception,anxiety,and depression significantly influence recovery outcomes.Hou et al developed a predictive model that demonstrated high accuracy in identifying patients at risk of poor recovery.The article explores the critical role of pre-operative psychological assessment,highlighting the need for mental health support and personalized recovery plans in enhancing POR quality.A multidisciplinary approach,integrating mental health professionals with surgeons,anesthesiologists,and other specialists,is emphasized to ensure comprehensive care for patients.The study’s findings serve as a call to integrate psychological care into surgical practice to optimize outcomes for patients with perianal diseases.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermato...Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermatology department of a top-three hospital in Jingzhou City from November 2022 to July 2023 were selected and divided into control group and test group with 33 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group received routine health education, and the experimental group received health education based on the HAPA theory. Chronic disease self-efficacy scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale and skin disease quality of life scale were used to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results: After 3 months of intervention, the scores of self-efficacy in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P P Conclusion: Health education based on the theory of HAPA can enhance the self-efficacy of patients with type D personality psoriasis, relieve negative emotions and improve their quality of life.展开更多
Background:Social anxiety is prevalent among adolescents and severely impacts their mental health and social functioning.This study aims to explore the underlying mechanisms and subgroup differences in adolescent soci...Background:Social anxiety is prevalent among adolescents and severely impacts their mental health and social functioning.This study aims to explore the underlying mechanisms and subgroup differences in adolescent social anxiety to provide a theoretical basis for targeted interventions.Methods:3025 Chinese adolescents(Meanage=13.91±1.60 years;47%male)completed self-report measures of physical activity,core self-evaluation,and social anxiety.Variable-centered analyses employed PROCESS Model 4 with 5000 bootstrap samples;covariates were gender,grade,and place of residence.Person-centered analyses used latent profile analysis in Mplus 8.3 to identify subgroups based on social anxiety item profiles.Results:Variable-centered analyses showed that physical activity had a significant negative association with social anxiety(β=−0.224,p<0.001)and a significant positive association with core self-evaluation(β=0.471,p<0.001);core self-evaluation partially mediated this relationship,accounting for 30%of the total effect.Person-centered analyses revealed an optimal two-profile solution:a low social anxiety profile(89.6%)and a high social anxiety profile(10.4%).The high social anxiety profile reported significantly lower physical activity and lower core self-evaluation than the low social anxiety profile.Conclusions:This study integrates variable-centered and person-centered evidence,identifies physical activity and core self-evaluation as key modifiable factors in reducing social anxiety,providing a theoretical basis for targeted and differentiated interventions.展开更多
BACKGROUND The root of mesentery dissection is one of the critical maneuvers,especially in borderline resectable pancreatic head cancer.Intra-abdominal chyle leak(CL)including chylous ascites may ensue in up to 10%of ...BACKGROUND The root of mesentery dissection is one of the critical maneuvers,especially in borderline resectable pancreatic head cancer.Intra-abdominal chyle leak(CL)including chylous ascites may ensue in up to 10%of patients after pancreatic resections.Globally recognized superior mesenteric artery(SMA)first approaches are invariably performed.The mesenteric dissection through the inferior infracolic approach has been discussed in this study emphasizing its post-operative impact on CL which is the cornerstone of this study.AIM To assess incidence,risk factors,clinical impact of CL following root of mesentery dissection,and the different treatment modalities.METHODS This is a retrospective study incorporating the patients who underwent dissection of the root of mesentery with inferior infracolic SMA first approach pancreat-oduodenectomy for the ventral body and uncinate mass of pancreas in the Department of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital from January 1,2021 to February 28,2024.Intraop-erative findings and postoperative outcomes were analyzed.RESULTS In three years,ten patients underwent root of mesentery dissection with inferior infracolic SMA first approach pancreatoduodenectomy.The mean age was 67.6 years with a male-to-female ratio of 4:5.CL was seen in four patients.With virtue of CL,Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅱ or higher morbidity was observed in four patients.Two patients had a hospital stay of more than 20 days with the former having a delayed gastric emptying and the latter with long-term total parenteral nutrition requirement.The mean operative time was 330 minutes.Curative resection was achieved in 100%of the patients.The mean duration of the intensive care unit and hospital stay were 2.55±1.45 days and 15.7±5.32 days,respectively.CONCLUSION Root of mesentery dissection with lymphadenectomy and vascular resection correlated with occurrence of CL.After complete curative resection,these were managed with total parenteral nutrition without adversely impacting outcome.展开更多
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely accepted for the treatment of liver tumors.Compared with open surgery,it provides a reduced hospital stay,less intraoperative blood loss,less trauma,and fewer incisi...BACKGROUND Laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely accepted for the treatment of liver tumors.Compared with open surgery,it provides a reduced hospital stay,less intraoperative blood loss,less trauma,and fewer incisional infections,without affecting tumor outcomes.However,lesions in the right lobe of the liver are deep and obstructed by the ribs,making exposure difficult and increasing the degree of surgical difficulty;thus,liver tumors in the deep right lobe pose technical challenges in standard laparoscopic surgery.AIM To investigate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy for liver tumors.METHODS The clinical data of 72 patients who underwent laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy for liver tumors between January 2018 and December 2024 at the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province were analyzed.Of the 72 patients included,34 were male and 38 were female,with ages ranging from 34 years to 72 years(median age,45 years).The tumors were all located in the right lobe of the liver,with 30 cases in segment S6,27 cases in segment S7,and 15 cases in segment S8;the mean tumor diameter was 7.5±3.4 cm.The postoperative tumor indices,liver function,and postoperative complications were analyzed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic partial hepatectomy via the retroperitoneal approach.RESULTS The surgeries were successfully completed in all patients,and conversion to open surgery was required in 10 patients.The mean operative time,blood loss,drain retention time,and length of postoperative hospital stay were 140±30 minutes,150±46 mL,3.8±1.2 days,and 8.3±5.3 days,respectively.Liver function tests returned to normal in all patients within two weeks of surgery.Fifteen patients developed atelectasis and pleural effusion and were managed with incision and drainage and antibiotics.Two patients developed uncomplicated minimal ascites,and the remaining patients had no perioperative complications,such as abdominal hemorrhage,infection,liver failure,bile leakage,and other adverse events.All patients were successfully treated.CONCLUSION Laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy is a safe and effective approach for right hepatic space-occupying lesions,particularly in segments S6,S7,and S8,with fewer postoperative complications,less trauma,and faster recovery times.This procedure provides a new surgical access for resection of deep tumors in the right lobe of the liver and has clear clinical implications.展开更多
In response to the common problems in college English writing teaching,such as the separation of learning and application,students’low interest in writing,and difficulties in expression,this paper,based on the theore...In response to the common problems in college English writing teaching,such as the separation of learning and application,students’low interest in writing,and difficulties in expression,this paper,based on the theoretical framework of the production-oriented approach(POA)proposed by Professor Wen Qiufang,designed and implemented a set of IELTS writing teaching plan.This plan takes“motivating,enabling,and assessing”as the core teaching process,and selects typical IELTS argumentative essay topics(such as food diversity)to create real communication scenarios.In the motivating stage,diverse inputs are used to stimulate students’interest and expose their language weaknesses;in the enabling stage,language knowledge,viewpoint generation,and text structure are focused on for targeted input and training;in the assessing stage,a combination of teacher-student cooperation and peer evaluation is adopted to guide students to identify and correct deficiencies in language use.The research results show that the POA model can effectively enhance students’writing interest,active learning awareness,and writing ability,particularly in overcoming vocabulary poverty and material shortages,as well as improving language accuracy and expression richness.This provides an operational theoretical basis and practical path for improving the teaching effect of IELTS writing.展开更多
Background:Dorsal approach is the potentially effective strategy for minimally invasive liver resection.This study aimed to compare the outcomes between robot-assisted and laparoscopic hemihepatectomy through dorsal a...Background:Dorsal approach is the potentially effective strategy for minimally invasive liver resection.This study aimed to compare the outcomes between robot-assisted and laparoscopic hemihepatectomy through dorsal approach.Methods:We compared the patients who underwent robot-assisted hemihepatectomy(Rob-HH)and who had laparoscopic hemihepatectomy(Lap-HH)through dorsal approach between January 2020 and December 2022.A 1:1 propensity score-matching(PSM)analysis was performed to minimize bias and confounding factors.Results:Ninety-six patients were included,41 with Rob-HH and 55 with Lap-HH.Among them,58 underwent left hemihepatectomy(LHH)and 38 underwent right hemihepatectomy(RHH).Compared with LapHH group,patients with Rob-HH had less estimated blood loss(median:100.0 vs.300.0 m L,P=0.016),lower blood transfusion rates(4.9%vs.29.1%,P=0.003)and postoperative complication rates(26.8%vs.54.5%,P=0.016).These significant differences consistently existed after PSM and in the LHH subgroups.Furthermore,robot-assisted LHH was associated with decreased Pringle duration(45 vs.60 min,P=0.047).RHH subgroup analysis showed that compared with Lap-RHH,Rob-RHH was associated with less estimated blood loss(200.0 vs.400.0 m L,P=0.013).No significant differences were found in other perioperative outcomes among pre-and post-PSM cohorts,such as Pringle duration,operative time,and hospital stay.Conclusions:The dorsal approach was a safe and feasible strategy for hemi-hepatectomy with favorable outcomes under robot-assisted system in reducing intraoperative blood loss,transfusion,and postoperative complications.展开更多
文摘Regarding the special potential of ports located on international coastlines such as Makoran Sea (Iran) for goods and human smuggling, national level of coastline security is very important. They can play a significant role in the development of power and security. Based on military reviews and analyses, police location and monitoring field view in the coastlines are strategic issues in modern security development. This research proposes a tool for development of coastal roads and coastal walking routes in the deployment of police. The main focuses are monitoring field view and accessibility to the strategic coastline. GIS tool plays an essential role in producing important security maps. Chabahar Port in Iran, as the most important port of Makoran Sea, has been selected as the study area, regarding its strategic role in the national economy and security. Research method focused on these major axes: successful establishment of police stations in shoreline for increasing monitoring and coastal security and suitable patrol of patrol police car in the coastal roads. This study adopts a scientific approach to the analysis of the present and future development in urban and security planning in coastal towns in the national and regional levels.
文摘BACKGROUND Due to the increasing rate of thyroid nodules diagnosis,and the desire to avoid the unsightly cervical scar,remote thyroidectomies were invented and are increasingly performed.Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach and trans-areolar approaches(TAA)are the two most commonly used remote approaches.No previous meta-analysis has compared postoperative infections and swallowing difficulties among the two procedures.AIM To compared the same among patients undergoing lobectomy for unilateral thyroid carcinoma/benign thyroid nodule.METHODS We searched PubMed MEDLINE,Google Scholar,and Cochrane Library from the date of the first published article up to August 2025.The term used were transoral thyroidectomy vestibular approach,trans areolar thyroidectomy,scarless thyroidectomy,remote thyroidectomy,infections,postoperative,inflammation,dysphagia,and swallowing difficulties.We identified 130 studies,of them,30 full texts were screened and only six studies were included in the final meta-analysis.RESULTS Postoperative infections were not different between the two approaches,odd ratio=1.33,95%confidence interval:0.50-3.53,theχ2 was 1.92 and the P-value for overall effect of 0.57.Similarly,transient swallowing difficulty was not different between the two forms of surgery,with odd ratio=0.91,95%confidence interval:0.35-2.40;theχ2 was 1.32,and the P-value for overall effect of 0.85.CONCLUSION No significant statistical differences were evident between trans-oral endoscopic Mirghani H.Infections and swallowing difficulty in scarless thyroidectomy WJCC https://www.wjgnet.com 2 January 6,2026 Volume 14 Issue 1 thyroidectomy vestibular approach and trans-areolar approach regarding postoperative infection and transient swallowing difficulties.Further longer randomized trials are needed.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40571056 Sustentation Fund on Doctoral Thesis from Beijing Science and Technology Committee, No.ZZ0608
文摘Concerning about the rapid urban growth in recent China, this study takes Beijing as a case and puts forward that urban sprawl can be measured from spatial configuration, urban growth efficiency and external impacts, and then develops a geo-spatial indices system for measuring sprawl, a total of 13 indicators. In order to calculate these indices, different sources data are selected, including land use maps, former land use planning, land price and floor-area-ratio samples, digitized map of the highways and city centers, population and GDP statistical data, etc. Various GIS spatial analysis methods are used to spatialize these indices into 100mx100m cells. Besides, an integrated urban sprawl index is calculated by weight sum of these 13 indices. The application result indicates that geo-spatial indices system can capture most of the typical features and interior differentia of urban sprawl. Construction land in Beijing has kept fast growing with large amount, low efficiency and disordered spatial configuration, indicating a typical sprawling tendency. The following specific sprawl features are identified by each indicator： （1） typical spatial configuration of sprawling： obvious fragmentation and irregularity of landscape due to unsuccessful enforcement of land use planning, unadvisable pattern of typical discontinuous development, strip development and leapfrog development; （2） low efficiency of sprawl： low development density, low population density and economic output in newly developed area; and （3） negative impacts on agriculture, environment and city life. According to the integrated sprawl index, the sprawling amount in the northern part is larger than that in the southern, but the sprawling extent is in converse case; most sprawling area include the marginal area of the near suburbs and the area between highways, etc. Four sprawling patterns are identified： randomly expansion at urban fringe, strip development along or between highways, scattered development of industrial land, leapfrog development of urban residence and industrial area.
基金Under the auspices of Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Fundation of Surveying and Mapping (No. 200416 )
文摘The paper presents a set of techniques of digital watermarking by which copyright and user rights messages are hidden into geo-spatial graphics data,as well as techniques of compressing and encrypting the watermarked geo-spatial graphics data.The technology aims at tracing and resisting the illegal distribution and duplication of the geo-spatial graphics data product,so as to effectively protect the data producer＇s rights as well as to facilitate the secure sharing of geo-spatial graphics data.So far in the CIS field throughout the world,few researches have been made on digital watermarking.The research is a novel exploration both in the field of security management of geo-spatial graphics data and in the applications of digital watermarking technique.An application software employing the proposed technology has been developed.A number of experimental tests on the 1：500,000 digital bathymetric chart of the South China Sea and 1：10,000 digital topographic map of Jiangsu Province have been conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed technology.
文摘China' Mainland has a poor distribution of meteorological stations.Existing models’estimation accuracy for creating high-resolution surfaces of meteorological data is restricted for air temperature,and low for relative humidity and wind speed(few studies reported).This study compared the typical generalized additive model(GAM)and autoencoder-based residual neural network(hereafter,residual network for short)in terms of predicting three meteorological parameters,namely air temperature,relative humidity,and wind speed,using data from 824 monitoring stations across China’s mainland in 2015.The performance of the two models was assessed using a 10-fold cross-validation procedure.The air temperature models employ basic variables such as latitude,longitude,elevation,and the day of the year.The relative humidity models employ air temperature and ozone concentration as covariates,while the wind speed models use wind speed coarse-resolution reanalysis data as covariates,in addition to the fundamental variables.Spatial coordinates represent spatial variation,while the time index of the day captures time variation in our spatiotemporal models.In comparison to GAM,the residual network considerably improved prediction accuracy:on average,the coefficient of variation(CV)R2 of the three meteorological parameters rose by 0.21,CV root-mean square(RMSE)fell by 37%,and the relative humidity model improved the most.The accuracy of relative humidity models was considerably improved once the monthly index was included,demonstrating that varied amounts of temporal variables are crucial for relative humidity models.We also spoke about the benefits and drawbacks of using coarse resolution reanalysis data and closest neighbor values as variables.In comparison to classic GAMs,this study indicates that the residual network model may considerably increase the accuracy of national high spatial(1 km)and temporal(daily)resolution meteorological data.Our findings have implications for high-resolution and high-accuracy meteorological parameter mapping in China.
文摘Tourism is a rapidly growing investment point in Sri Lanka, where huge investment is takeing place. Even though the investment is very massive, the planning, development, and marketing are key components of success in tourism zone enhancement. The main objective of this study was to implement a geo-spatial information system for development of tourism in Kandy district. Primary data collection methods i.e. questionnaire survey, interviews, focus group interviews, and observations were employed for data collection. Google maps with Google API standards which are specially designed for developers and computer programmers were used for implementation of the system. System requirements were identified by interviewing tourists and observations made on tourist sites. Proximity analysis, spatial joint, and network analysis with Google direction application program interface （API） and Google place API were used to analyze data. The study highlights the potential tourist attractions and the accessibility and other required details through a web output. Issues and challenges faced by travelers are mainly lack of specific location information, public transport schedules, and reliable tourist attraction information. Online geo-spatial information system created in this study provides a guide for tourists to fred the destination routes, the service areas, and all necessary details on particular destinations.
文摘In integrating geo-spatial datasets, sometimes layers are unable to perfectly overlay each other. In most cases, the cause of misalignment is the cartographic variation of objects forming features in the datasets. Either this could be due to actual changes on ground, collection, or storage approaches used leading to overlapping or openings between features. In this paper, we present an alignment method that uses adjustment algorithms to update the geometry of features within a dataset or complementary adjacent datasets so that they can align to achieve perfect integration. The method identifies every unique spatial instance in datasets and their spatial points that define all their geometry;the differences are compared and used to compute the alignment parameters. This provides a uniform geo-spatial features’ alignment taking into consideration changes in the different datasets being integrated without affecting the topology and attributes.
文摘Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,necessitating innovative diagnostic and prognostic strategies.Traditional biomarkers like C-reactive protein,uric acid,troponin,and natriuretic peptides play crucial roles in CVD management,yet they are often limited by sensitivity and specificity constraints.This narrative review critically examines the emerging landscape of cardiac biomarkers and advocates for a multiple-marker approach to enhance early detection,prognosis,and risk stratification of CVD.In recent years,several novel biomarkers have shown promise in revolutionizing CVD diagnostics.Gamma-glutamyltransferase,microRNAs,endothelial microparticles,placental growth factor,trimethylamine N-oxide,retinol-binding protein 4,copeptin,heart-type fatty acid-binding protein,galectin-3,growth differentiation factor-15,soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2,fibroblast growth factor 23,and adrenomedullin have emerged as significant indicators of CV health.These biomarkers provide insights into various pathophysiological processes,such as oxidative stress,endothelial dysfunction,inflammation,metabolic disturbances,and myocardial injury.The integration of these novel biomarkers with traditional ones offers a more comprehensive understanding of CVD mechanisms.This multiple-marker approach can improve diagnostic accuracy,allowing for better risk stratification and more personalized treatment strategies.This review underscores the need for continued research to validate the clinical utility of these biomarkers and their potential incorporation into routine clinical practice.By leveraging the strengths of both traditional and novel biomarkers,precise therapeutic plans can be developed,thereby improving the management and prognosis of patients with CVDs.The ongoing exploration and validation of these biomarkers are crucial for advancing CV care and addressing the limitations of current diagnostic tools.
基金supported by Singapore National Medical Research Council(NMRC)grants,including CS-IRG,HLCA2022(to ZDZ),STaR,OF LCG 000207(to EKT)a Clinical Translational Research Programme in Parkinson's DiseaseDuke-Duke-NUS collaboration pilot grant(to ZDZ)。
文摘The progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in affected patient brains is one of the pathological features of Parkinson's disease,the second most common human neurodegenerative disease.Although the detailed pathogenesis accounting for dopaminergic neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease is still unclear,the advancement of stem cell approaches has shown promise for Parkinson's disease research and therapy.The induced pluripotent stem cells have been commonly used to generate dopaminergic neurons,which has provided valuable insights to improve our understanding of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis and contributed to anti-Parkinson's disease therapies.The current review discusses the practical approaches and potential applications of induced pluripotent stem cell techniques for generating and differentiating dopaminergic neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells.The benefits of induced pluripotent stem cell-based research are highlighted.Various dopaminergic neuron differentiation protocols from induced pluripotent stem cells are compared.The emerging three-dimension-based brain organoid models compared with conventional two-dimensional cell culture are evaluated.Finally,limitations,challenges,and future directions of induced pluripotent stem cell–based approaches are analyzed and proposed,which will be significant to the future application of induced pluripotent stem cell-related techniques for Parkinson's disease.
基金funded by Taif University,Saudi Arabia,project No.(TU-DSPP-2024-263).
文摘Deep learning algorithms have been rapidly incorporated into many different applications due to the increase in computational power and the availability of massive amounts of data.Recently,both deep learning and ensemble learning have been used to recognize underlying structures and patterns from high-level features to make predictions/decisions.With the growth in popularity of deep learning and ensemble learning algorithms,they have received significant attention from both scientists and the industrial community due to their superior ability to learn features from big data.Ensemble deep learning has exhibited significant performance in enhancing learning generalization through the use of multiple deep learning algorithms.Although ensemble deep learning has large quantities of training parameters,which results in time and space overheads,it performs much better than traditional ensemble learning.Ensemble deep learning has been successfully used in several areas,such as bioinformatics,finance,and health care.In this paper,we review and investigate recent ensemble deep learning algorithms and techniques in health care domains,medical imaging,health care data analytics,genomics,diagnosis,disease prevention,and drug discovery.We cover several widely used deep learning algorithms along with their architectures,including deep neural networks(DNNs),convolutional neural networks(CNNs),recurrent neural networks(RNNs),and generative adversarial networks(GANs).Common healthcare tasks,such as medical imaging,electronic health records,and genomics,are also demonstrated.Furthermore,in this review,the challenges inherent in reducing the burden on the healthcare system are discussed and explored.Finally,future directions and opportunities for enhancing healthcare model performance are discussed.
基金Supported by National Research Foundation of Korea,No.NRF-2021S1A5A8062526.
文摘This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the study by Hou et al,focusing on the complex interplay between psychological and physical factors in the postoperative recovery(POR)of patients with perianal diseases.The study sheds light on how illness perception,anxiety,and depression significantly influence recovery outcomes.Hou et al developed a predictive model that demonstrated high accuracy in identifying patients at risk of poor recovery.The article explores the critical role of pre-operative psychological assessment,highlighting the need for mental health support and personalized recovery plans in enhancing POR quality.A multidisciplinary approach,integrating mental health professionals with surgeons,anesthesiologists,and other specialists,is emphasized to ensure comprehensive care for patients.The study’s findings serve as a call to integrate psychological care into surgical practice to optimize outcomes for patients with perianal diseases.
文摘Objective: To explore the effect of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory in patients with type D personality psoriasis. Methods: A total of 66 patients with type D personality psoriasis admitted to the dermatology department of a top-three hospital in Jingzhou City from November 2022 to July 2023 were selected and divided into control group and test group with 33 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group received routine health education, and the experimental group received health education based on the HAPA theory. Chronic disease self-efficacy scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale and skin disease quality of life scale were used to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results: After 3 months of intervention, the scores of self-efficacy in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P P Conclusion: Health education based on the theory of HAPA can enhance the self-efficacy of patients with type D personality psoriasis, relieve negative emotions and improve their quality of life.
基金The Ministry of Education of China supported this work under the Humanities and Social Sciences Research Project for Young Scholars(Grant No.20YJC890020).
文摘Background:Social anxiety is prevalent among adolescents and severely impacts their mental health and social functioning.This study aims to explore the underlying mechanisms and subgroup differences in adolescent social anxiety to provide a theoretical basis for targeted interventions.Methods:3025 Chinese adolescents(Meanage=13.91±1.60 years;47%male)completed self-report measures of physical activity,core self-evaluation,and social anxiety.Variable-centered analyses employed PROCESS Model 4 with 5000 bootstrap samples;covariates were gender,grade,and place of residence.Person-centered analyses used latent profile analysis in Mplus 8.3 to identify subgroups based on social anxiety item profiles.Results:Variable-centered analyses showed that physical activity had a significant negative association with social anxiety(β=−0.224,p<0.001)and a significant positive association with core self-evaluation(β=0.471,p<0.001);core self-evaluation partially mediated this relationship,accounting for 30%of the total effect.Person-centered analyses revealed an optimal two-profile solution:a low social anxiety profile(89.6%)and a high social anxiety profile(10.4%).The high social anxiety profile reported significantly lower physical activity and lower core self-evaluation than the low social anxiety profile.Conclusions:This study integrates variable-centered and person-centered evidence,identifies physical activity and core self-evaluation as key modifiable factors in reducing social anxiety,providing a theoretical basis for targeted and differentiated interventions.
文摘BACKGROUND The root of mesentery dissection is one of the critical maneuvers,especially in borderline resectable pancreatic head cancer.Intra-abdominal chyle leak(CL)including chylous ascites may ensue in up to 10%of patients after pancreatic resections.Globally recognized superior mesenteric artery(SMA)first approaches are invariably performed.The mesenteric dissection through the inferior infracolic approach has been discussed in this study emphasizing its post-operative impact on CL which is the cornerstone of this study.AIM To assess incidence,risk factors,clinical impact of CL following root of mesentery dissection,and the different treatment modalities.METHODS This is a retrospective study incorporating the patients who underwent dissection of the root of mesentery with inferior infracolic SMA first approach pancreat-oduodenectomy for the ventral body and uncinate mass of pancreas in the Department of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital from January 1,2021 to February 28,2024.Intraop-erative findings and postoperative outcomes were analyzed.RESULTS In three years,ten patients underwent root of mesentery dissection with inferior infracolic SMA first approach pancreatoduodenectomy.The mean age was 67.6 years with a male-to-female ratio of 4:5.CL was seen in four patients.With virtue of CL,Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅱ or higher morbidity was observed in four patients.Two patients had a hospital stay of more than 20 days with the former having a delayed gastric emptying and the latter with long-term total parenteral nutrition requirement.The mean operative time was 330 minutes.Curative resection was achieved in 100%of the patients.The mean duration of the intensive care unit and hospital stay were 2.55±1.45 days and 15.7±5.32 days,respectively.CONCLUSION Root of mesentery dissection with lymphadenectomy and vascular resection correlated with occurrence of CL.After complete curative resection,these were managed with total parenteral nutrition without adversely impacting outcome.
基金Supported by Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medicine Center for Digestive System Diseases,No.2024YNLCYXZX0132.
文摘BACKGROUND Laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely accepted for the treatment of liver tumors.Compared with open surgery,it provides a reduced hospital stay,less intraoperative blood loss,less trauma,and fewer incisional infections,without affecting tumor outcomes.However,lesions in the right lobe of the liver are deep and obstructed by the ribs,making exposure difficult and increasing the degree of surgical difficulty;thus,liver tumors in the deep right lobe pose technical challenges in standard laparoscopic surgery.AIM To investigate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy for liver tumors.METHODS The clinical data of 72 patients who underwent laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy for liver tumors between January 2018 and December 2024 at the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province were analyzed.Of the 72 patients included,34 were male and 38 were female,with ages ranging from 34 years to 72 years(median age,45 years).The tumors were all located in the right lobe of the liver,with 30 cases in segment S6,27 cases in segment S7,and 15 cases in segment S8;the mean tumor diameter was 7.5±3.4 cm.The postoperative tumor indices,liver function,and postoperative complications were analyzed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic partial hepatectomy via the retroperitoneal approach.RESULTS The surgeries were successfully completed in all patients,and conversion to open surgery was required in 10 patients.The mean operative time,blood loss,drain retention time,and length of postoperative hospital stay were 140±30 minutes,150±46 mL,3.8±1.2 days,and 8.3±5.3 days,respectively.Liver function tests returned to normal in all patients within two weeks of surgery.Fifteen patients developed atelectasis and pleural effusion and were managed with incision and drainage and antibiotics.Two patients developed uncomplicated minimal ascites,and the remaining patients had no perioperative complications,such as abdominal hemorrhage,infection,liver failure,bile leakage,and other adverse events.All patients were successfully treated.CONCLUSION Laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy is a safe and effective approach for right hepatic space-occupying lesions,particularly in segments S6,S7,and S8,with fewer postoperative complications,less trauma,and faster recovery times.This procedure provides a new surgical access for resection of deep tumors in the right lobe of the liver and has clear clinical implications.
文摘In response to the common problems in college English writing teaching,such as the separation of learning and application,students’low interest in writing,and difficulties in expression,this paper,based on the theoretical framework of the production-oriented approach(POA)proposed by Professor Wen Qiufang,designed and implemented a set of IELTS writing teaching plan.This plan takes“motivating,enabling,and assessing”as the core teaching process,and selects typical IELTS argumentative essay topics(such as food diversity)to create real communication scenarios.In the motivating stage,diverse inputs are used to stimulate students’interest and expose their language weaknesses;in the enabling stage,language knowledge,viewpoint generation,and text structure are focused on for targeted input and training;in the assessing stage,a combination of teacher-student cooperation and peer evaluation is adopted to guide students to identify and correct deficiencies in language use.The research results show that the POA model can effectively enhance students’writing interest,active learning awareness,and writing ability,particularly in overcoming vocabulary poverty and material shortages,as well as improving language accuracy and expression richness.This provides an operational theoretical basis and practical path for improving the teaching effect of IELTS writing.
基金supported by grants from the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(82173129)the Innova-tive and Entrepreneurial Talent Doctor of Jiangsu Province,China(JSSCBS20221872)。
文摘Background:Dorsal approach is the potentially effective strategy for minimally invasive liver resection.This study aimed to compare the outcomes between robot-assisted and laparoscopic hemihepatectomy through dorsal approach.Methods:We compared the patients who underwent robot-assisted hemihepatectomy(Rob-HH)and who had laparoscopic hemihepatectomy(Lap-HH)through dorsal approach between January 2020 and December 2022.A 1:1 propensity score-matching(PSM)analysis was performed to minimize bias and confounding factors.Results:Ninety-six patients were included,41 with Rob-HH and 55 with Lap-HH.Among them,58 underwent left hemihepatectomy(LHH)and 38 underwent right hemihepatectomy(RHH).Compared with LapHH group,patients with Rob-HH had less estimated blood loss(median:100.0 vs.300.0 m L,P=0.016),lower blood transfusion rates(4.9%vs.29.1%,P=0.003)and postoperative complication rates(26.8%vs.54.5%,P=0.016).These significant differences consistently existed after PSM and in the LHH subgroups.Furthermore,robot-assisted LHH was associated with decreased Pringle duration(45 vs.60 min,P=0.047).RHH subgroup analysis showed that compared with Lap-RHH,Rob-RHH was associated with less estimated blood loss(200.0 vs.400.0 m L,P=0.013).No significant differences were found in other perioperative outcomes among pre-and post-PSM cohorts,such as Pringle duration,operative time,and hospital stay.Conclusions:The dorsal approach was a safe and feasible strategy for hemi-hepatectomy with favorable outcomes under robot-assisted system in reducing intraoperative blood loss,transfusion,and postoperative complications.
