Pseudoalteromonas is a group of marine bacteria widespread in diverse marine sediments,producing a wide range of bioactive compounds.However,only a limited number of Pseudoalteromonas phages have been isolated and stu...Pseudoalteromonas is a group of marine bacteria widespread in diverse marine sediments,producing a wide range of bioactive compounds.However,only a limited number of Pseudoalteromonas phages have been isolated and studied.In this study,a novel lytic Pseudoalteromonas phage,denoted as vB_PalP_Y7,was isolated from sewage samples collected at the Seafood Market in Qingdao,China.vB_PalP_Y7 remained stable across a wide range of temperatures(-20–50℃)and a wide pH range(3–12).The vB_PalP_Y7 phage harbors a linear double-stranded DNA molecule of 57699 base pairs(bp)with a G+C content of 45.90%.Furthermore,it is predicted to contain 58 open reading frames(ORFs).Phylogenetic analysis and protein network relationship analysis revealed low similarity between vB_PalP_Y7 and viruses in the ICTV and IMG/VR4 database,suggesting that vB_PalP_Y7 may be a potential new genus,Miuvirus.This study contributed valuable insights to comprehend the relationship between Pseudoalteromonas phages and their host organisms.展开更多
In the present study,the complete genomes of four common（4/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014,15/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014,116/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014,and 120/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014）and two virulent（11/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014and 109/EV7...In the present study,the complete genomes of four common（4/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014,15/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014,116/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014,and 120/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014）and two virulent（11/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014and 109/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014）enterovirus 71（EV71）isolates were sequenced and described.They are 7405 bp in length and belong to EV71 sub-genotype C4 （C4a cluster）.展开更多
The first decade since the completion of the Human Genome Project has been marked with rapid development of genomic technologies and their immediate clinical applications. Genomic analysis using oligonucleotide array ...The first decade since the completion of the Human Genome Project has been marked with rapid development of genomic technologies and their immediate clinical applications. Genomic analysis using oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization （aCGH） or single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） chips has been applied to pediatric patients with developmental and intellectual disabilities （DD/ ID）, multiple congenital anomalies （MCA） and autistic spectrum disorders （ASD）. Evaluation of analytical and clinical validities of aCGH showed 〉 99% sensitivity and specificity and increased analytical resolution by higher density probe coverage. Reviews of case series, multi-center comparison and large patient-control studies demonstrated a diagnostic yield of 12%--20%; approximately 60% of these abnormalities were recurrent genomic disorders. This pediatric experience has been extended toward prenatal diagnosis. A series of reports indicated approximately 10% of pregnancies with ultrasound-detected structural anomalies and normal cytogenetic findings had genomic abnormalities, and 30% of these abnormalities were syndromic genomic disorders. Evidence-based practice guidelines and standards for implementing genomic analysis and web-delivered knowledge resources for interpreting genomic findings have been established. The progress from this technology-driven and evidence-based genomic analysis provides not only opportunities to dissect disease-causing mechanisms and develop rational therapeutic interventions but also important lessons for integrating genomic sequencing into pediatric and prenatal genetic evaluation.展开更多
Emerging evidence shows that some Lactobacillus fermentum(L.fermentum)strains can contribute to the prevention and treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC).In this study,105 isolates of L.fermentum strains were separated f...Emerging evidence shows that some Lactobacillus fermentum(L.fermentum)strains can contribute to the prevention and treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC).In this study,105 isolates of L.fermentum strains were separated from fecal samples of populations in different regions in China and their draft genomes were sequenced.Pan-genomic and phylogenetic characterizations of these strains and four model strains(L.fermentum 3872,CECT5716,IF03956,and VRI003)were performed.Phylogenetic analysis ind icated that there was no significant adaptive evolution between the genomes of L.fermentum strains and the geographical location,sex,ethnicity,and age of the hosts.Three L.fermentum strains(FWXBH115,FGDLZR121,and FXJCJ61)from different branches of the phylogenetic tree and strain type L.fermentum CECT5716 were selected and their anti-inflammatory and immune modulatory activities in a dextran sulphate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis mouse model were further investigated.Both L.fermentum FXJCJ61 and CECT5716 significantly alleviated UC by reducing all colitis-associated histological indices,maintaining mucosal integrity,and stimulating replenishment of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),while the other two strains failed to offer similar protection.The anti-inflammato ry mechanisms of L.fermentum FXJCJ61 and CECT5716 were related to the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)signaling pathway activation and enhancement of interleukin 10(IL-10)production.Comparative genomic analysis of these strains identified candidate genes that may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of specific L.fermentum strains.展开更多
Magnetotactic bacteria(MTB)display magnetotaxis ability because of biomineralization of intracellular nanometer-sized,membrane-bound organelles termed magnetosomes.Despite having been discovered more than half a centu...Magnetotactic bacteria(MTB)display magnetotaxis ability because of biomineralization of intracellular nanometer-sized,membrane-bound organelles termed magnetosomes.Despite having been discovered more than half a century,only a few representatives of MTB have been isolated and cultured in the laboratory.In this study,we report the genomic characterization of a novel marine magnetotactic spirillum strain SH-1 belonging to the genus Terasakiella that was recently isolated.A gene encoding haloalkane dehalogenase,which is involved in the degradation of chlorocyclohexane,chlorobenzene,chloroalkane,and chloroalkene,was identified.SH-1 genome contained cysCHI and soxBAZYX genes,thus potentially capable of assimilatory sulfate reduction to H_(2)S and using thiosulfate as electron donors and oxidizing it to sulfate.Genome of SH-1 also contained genes encoding periplasmic dissimilatory nitrate reductases(napAB),assimilatory nitrate reductase(nasA)and assimilatory nitrite reductases(nasB),suggesting that it is capable of gaining energy by converting nitrate to ammonia.The pure culture of Terasakiella sp.SH-1 together with its genomic results off ers new opportunities to examine biology,physiology,and biomineralization mechanisms of MTB.展开更多
The high intraspecies heterogeneity of Baciillus coagulans leads to significant phenotypic differences among different strains.Thus,6 B.coagulans strains were tested in the present study using an irritable bowel syndr...The high intraspecies heterogeneity of Baciillus coagulans leads to significant phenotypic differences among different strains.Thus,6 B.coagulans strains were tested in the present study using an irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)animal model to determine whether the IBS-alleviating effects of B.coagulans strains are strain-specific.The results of this study showed that the ingestion of B.coagulans GBI-30,6086,and B.coagulans CCFM1041 significantly alleviated IBS symptoms in mice.In contrast,other B.coagulans strains showed no or limited alleviating effects on IBS symptoms.According to our experimental results,the two main common features of these strains were as follows:1)The resistance of vegetative cells to bile salts,and 2)ability to synthesize specific lipids and secondary metabolites.Screening strains based on these two indicators may greatly reduce costs and provide a basis for mining new functional B.coagulans strains.Our results also suggest that administration of B.coagulans could significantly regulate microbiota dysbiosis in animal models.Moreover,the close relationships between the gut microbiota,gut microbiota metabolites,and IBS were further confirmed in this study.展开更多
Fowl adenovirus serotype 4(FAdV-4)strain SD1511 was isolated from chickens with severe inclusion body hepatitis and hydropericardium syndrome in Shandong Province,China.The isolate was cultured in primary chicken embr...Fowl adenovirus serotype 4(FAdV-4)strain SD1511 was isolated from chickens with severe inclusion body hepatitis and hydropericardium syndrome in Shandong Province,China.The isolate was cultured in primary chicken embryo kidney cells.A study of pathogenicity indicated that SD1511 readily infected 7–35-d-old chickens by intramuscular injection and intranasal and oral routes,causing 50%–100%mortality.The 35-d-old chickens suffered more severe infection than 7-and 21-d-old chickens with mortality highest in the intramuscular injection group.The serum from surviving chickens showed potent viral neutralizing capability.The complete genome of SD1511 was sequenced and analyzed.The strain was found to belong to the FAdV-4 cluster with more than 99%identity with the virulent FAdV-4 strains isolated in China in recent years except for some distinct variations,including deletions of open reading frame 27(ORF27),ORF48,and part of ORF19.Our findings suggest that SD1511 might be used as a prototype strain for the study of pathogenesis and vaccine development.展开更多
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei NCU215 was recognized for its robust probiotic activities and excellent fermentation capabilities.In the present study,whole-genome,comparative genomics analysis,and experimental validatio...Lacticaseibacillus paracasei NCU215 was recognized for its robust probiotic activities and excellent fermentation capabilities.In the present study,whole-genome,comparative genomics analysis,and experimental validation were integrated to systematically investigate the potential functional traits of NCU215.Genomic analysis revealed that NCU215 harbors a repertoire of functional genes and is devoid of genes associated with human pathogenicity.Additionally,the metabolic pathways involved in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism in NCU215 were computationally predicted.Based on average nucleotide identity(ANI),average amino acid identity(AAI),and core-genome phylogenetic reconstruction,the taxonomic assignment of NCU215 was revised from Lacticaseibacillus casei to Lacticaseibacillus paracasei.Comparative genomic analysis indicated that NCU215 contains higher abundance of genes associated with cell adhesion,carbohydrate metabolism,and a unique amino acid metabolic gene cluster(cysK-ctl1-cysE).Experimental validation confirmed that NCU215 displays a high adhesion rate of 7.86±0.65%to Caco-2 cells,the ability to convert methionine to cysteine,enhanced utilization of galactose,mannose,fructooligosaccharides,and inulin,as well as bile salt hydrolase activity and a high cholesterol-lowering efficacy of 47.30±2.61%.Furthermore,soymilk fermented with NCU215 exhibited a substantial reduction in volatile compounds such as hexanal and 1-octen-3-ol,while the contents of acetoin and 2,3-butanedione were notably elevated.展开更多
Selecting probiotic strains from maternal and infant sources,combined with processes tailored for early-life applications,may enhance probiotic efficacy.In this study,26 Bifidobacterium strains(five species)isolated f...Selecting probiotic strains from maternal and infant sources,combined with processes tailored for early-life applications,may enhance probiotic efficacy.In this study,26 Bifidobacterium strains(five species)isolated from infant and maternal feces,and breast milk were systematically assessed for physiological traits,techno-logical potential,functionality,and safety.Distinct source-and species-specific differences were observed.Breast milk-derived strains showed lower tolerance to simulated gastric fluid than those from feces.Regarding anti-biotic susceptibility,B.longum subsp.longum was sensitive to tetracycline and streptomycin but resistant to erythromycin,while B.breve showed the opposite profile.A comprehensive evaluation model integrating nine assessment parameters identified one B.breve and one B.longum subsp.longum strain with superior potential for application.Correlation analyses revealed significant relationships among physiological traits and between traits and functional genes.For instance,antibacterial activity and organic acid production showed positive correla-tions with each other,as well as with genes encoding specific virulence factors and transport proteins.These findings offer mechanistic and genomic insights for selecting probiotics tailored to early-life health.展开更多
Phage contamination represents a significant threat to starter cultures.Although research on Lactobacillus phages exists,a comprehensive understanding of the genomic and biological characteristics of Lactiplantibacill...Phage contamination represents a significant threat to starter cultures.Although research on Lactobacillus phages exists,a comprehensive understanding of the genomic and biological characteristics of Lactiplantibacillus plan-tarum(L.plantarum)phages remains limited.In this study,a phage,designated phage P4,was induced from L.plantarum IMAU14010 by exposing the host strain to 40 s of ultraviolet irradiation.The genome of phage P4 consists of a double-stranded DNA molecule with a length of 75,801 bp and a GC content of 39.30%.Among its predicted coding sequences,32 were annotated as functional proteins.Biologically,phage P4 displayed an optimal MOI of 0.1 and a lytic period of 45 min.It remained highly active across a temperature range of 20-42℃and a pH range of 4-11,while activity declined under extreme conditions(50℃or pH 2-3).The adsorption rate exceeded 90%across the temperature range of 0-50℃and pH range of 4-11.Notably,neither the presence of divalent cations(Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+))nor chloramphenicol affected its adsorption efficiency.These findings could enhance the understanding of L.plantarum phages and provide valuable insights into phage control strategies.展开更多
Cartilaginous fish(sharks,skates,rays,and chimaeras)are an important group of vertebrates facing the risk of regional extinction due to factors such as overfishing(Pacoureau et al.2021;Finucci et al.2024;Worm et al.20...Cartilaginous fish(sharks,skates,rays,and chimaeras)are an important group of vertebrates facing the risk of regional extinction due to factors such as overfishing(Pacoureau et al.2021;Finucci et al.2024;Worm et al.2024).However,knowledge of their reproduction and conservation remains limited.Understanding the genetic diversity,population structure,and reproductive behaviors of cartilaginous fish can offer valuable insights into their reproductive strategies and ecological adaptability,which are crucial for the conservation of these vulnerable species.Here,we present a chromosome-level draft genome as well as whole genome resequencing data of seven other individuals for the Kong skate(Okamejei kenojei),a species that has been reported to have a population decrease based on fisheries resource surveys(Deng&Jin 2001;Rigby et al.2021).Our analysis revealed lineage-specific genomic changes in O.kenojei,including the expansion of 69 gene families.We also assessed their genetic diversity,which showed a decline in population size over the past million years.Furthermore,we examined the egg-laying behavior of 24 adult female specimens and the incubation period of 35 embryos,indicating a low reproductive capacity.In conclusion,our findings suggest that the genetic diversity of the current wild population of O.kenojei is relatively healthy,but their reproductive output is low.Without proper management and protection,this could lead to irreversible impacts on the population,highlighting the importance of conservation efforts for this species.展开更多
What is known about this topic?Global human cases of zoonotic influenza A(H5N6)have increased significantly in recent years,primarily due to widespread circulation of clade 2.3.4.4b virus since 2020.Concurrent with th...What is known about this topic?Global human cases of zoonotic influenza A(H5N6)have increased significantly in recent years,primarily due to widespread circulation of clade 2.3.4.4b virus since 2020.Concurrent with this trend,sporadic human infections with clade 2.3.4.4h H5N6 avian influenza virus continue to occur.The high mortality rate associated with H5N6 virus infections has emerged as a critical public health concern.What is added by this report?Through comprehensive field epidemiological investigations and laboratory analyses,we identified the infection sources for these cases and conclusively ruled out human-to-human transmission.Genetic analyses revealed that while the virus maintains its avian host tropism,it has acquired mutations that may enhance human receptor binding affinity,viral replication capacity,pathogenicity,and neuraminidase inhibitor resistance.What are the implications for public health practice?The ongoing viral mutations increase the potential for H5 subtype avian influenza viruses to overcome species barriers and cause human epidemics.Enhanced surveillance strategies incorporating advanced technologies,such as metagenomic sequencing,are essential for early risk detection and management.Special attention should be directed toward cancer patients and immunocompromised individuals,who demonstrate increased susceptibility to avian influenza virus infections and require targeted prevention and control measures.展开更多
Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio(V.)cholerae(NOVC)has emerged as a potential pathogen in patients with compromised health conditions[1].We report the whole genome sequencing(WGS)of a rare NOVC sepsis isolate(GenBank Accession:G...Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio(V.)cholerae(NOVC)has emerged as a potential pathogen in patients with compromised health conditions[1].We report the whole genome sequencing(WGS)of a rare NOVC sepsis isolate(GenBank Accession:GCF_051906115.1)from an 89-year-old male admitted to the Intensive Care Unit(ICU)with septic shock(lactate 6.61 mmol/L)digestive illness.展开更多
Bacillus subtilis,a plant-beneficial bacterial species exhibiting good biocontrol capabilities,has been widely used in agricultural production.The endophytic strain 9407 can efficiently control bacterial fruit blotch(...Bacillus subtilis,a plant-beneficial bacterial species exhibiting good biocontrol capabilities,has been widely used in agricultural production.The endophytic strain 9407 can efficiently control bacterial fruit blotch(BFB)caused by the gram-negative bacterium Acidovorax citrulli.However,the mechanism underlying its biocontrol ability remains poorly understood.Given the genomic diversity of B.subtilis,strain 9407 was sequenced and assembled in this study to determine the genome information associated with its biocontrol traits.A combination of core genome phylogenetic analysis and average nucleotide identity(ANI)analysis demonstrated that the 9407 strain belonged to B.subtilis.Various functional genes related to biocontrol traits,i.e.,biofilm formation,motility,pathogen inhibition,plant growth promotion,and induction of systemic resistance,were identified in B.subtilis 9407.Four secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters with antibacterial ability were also found in the B.subtilis 9407 genome,including newly identified subtilosin A,bacilysin,and bacillaene,and the previously reported surfactin.Mutants lacking sboA or bacG,which are defective in synthesizing subtilosin A or bacilysin,showed decreased inhibitory activity against A.citrulli MH21,and the triple mutant with deleted sboA,bacG,and srfAB almost completely lost its inhibitory activity.The biofilm formation and swarming motility of the sboA and bacG mutants also decreased,in turn leading to decreased colonization on melon roots and leaves.Under greenhouse conditions,the biocontrol efficacy of the sboA and bacG mutants against BFB on melon leaves decreased by 21.4 and 32.3%,respectively.Here,we report a new biocontrol pathway of B.subtilis 9407 against BFB,in which subtilosin A and bacilysin contributed to the biocontrol efficacy by improving antibacterial activity and colonization ability of the strain.The comprehensive genomic analysis of B.subtilis 9407 improves our understanding of the biocontrol mechanisms of B.subtilis,providing support for further research of its biocontrol mechanisms and field applications.展开更多
The use of probiotics for their anti-inflammatory potential is an area with limited research,and there is currently limited understanding of the connection between the genotype and phenotype of the majority of probiot...The use of probiotics for their anti-inflammatory potential is an area with limited research,and there is currently limited understanding of the connection between the genotype and phenotype of the majority of probiotics.In this study,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HF05 with prominent anti-inflammatory effects and excellent probiotic characteristics was screened from Qula by combining RAW264.7 inflammatory cell model screening with in vitro comparison of probiotic properties.Through whole genome analysis,we found that the HF05 genome encoded a large number of environmental adaptation,adhesion,colonization,anti-inflammatory and antioxidant-related genes.The in vitro experiments demonstrated that HF05 inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine release in RAW264.7 inflammatory cells.Furthermore,we found that prophylactic intake of HF05 alleviated intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage in mice with acute colitis and inhibited the value-added of enteropathogenic bacteria(Escherichia coli,Enterococcus faecalis,Staphylococcus xylosus)and reversed the depletion of Lactobacillus(Lactobacillus johnsonii,Lactobacillus intestinalis).Collectively,we demonstrated that HF05 can serve as a new probiotic for the relief of intestinal inflammation.展开更多
African cultivated rice(Oryza glaberrima)was domesticated from its wild progenitor,Oryza barthii.The transition from long-awn to short-awn or awnless glumes was an important evolutionary event during domestication.A Q...African cultivated rice(Oryza glaberrima)was domesticated from its wild progenitor,Oryza barthii.The transition from long-awn to short-awn or awnless glumes was an important evolutionary event during domestication.A QTL analysis of 331 recombinant inbred lines(RILs)using 194 InDel markers identified five quantitative trait loci(QTL)associated with awn length.Locus qObAwn5 made the highest contribution in regulating awn length and was fine-mapped to a 260-kb genomic interval.RNA-seq and RT-qPCR analyses,combined with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout that disruption of gene G12 caused a significant reduction in awn length indicating that G12 was ObAwn5.Genomic analysis revealed a large structural variation(SV)between W1411 and IRGC104165 within this region,characterized by an inversion and two large deletions.Population genomic analyses revealed that all the cultivated African accessions exhibit a domestication-like(Dom-like)pattern,whereas non-cultivated accessions consisted of two distinct types:W1050-like and W1411-like.The W1411-like type was exclusively found in the AA genome of African wild rice.This discovery of ObAwn5 newly substantiates the independent origin of African cultivated rice.展开更多
Erianthus arundinaceus is a wild relative of sugarcane(Saccharum officinarum L.)with many desirable agronomic traits for sugarcane genetic improvement.However,limited knowledge of the complex genome of hexaploid E.aru...Erianthus arundinaceus is a wild relative of sugarcane(Saccharum officinarum L.)with many desirable agronomic traits for sugarcane genetic improvement.However,limited knowledge of the complex genome of hexaploid E.arundinaceus has impeded the development of required molecular tools.Dissecting complex genomes into single chromosomes can simplify analyses.The flow-cytometric sorting of a single chromosome of E.arundinaceus in a Saccharum-Erianthus introgression line is reported.A novel approach called genomic in situ hybridization in suspension was used to discriminate the alien chromosome from sugarcane chromosomes at the same size.A total of 218,000 E.arundinaceus chromosome 1(EaC1)were sorted to>97%purity and amplified DNA was sequenced using Illumina and Pac Bio technologies.The resulting assembly had a 70.93 Mb contig sequence with an N50 of 19.62 kb.A total of 56.69 Mb repeat sequences were predicted,accounting for 79.1%of the chromosome and 2646 genes having a total length of 1.84 Mb that represented 2.59%of the chromosome.Of these genes,1877(70.9%)genes were functionally annotated.The phylogenetic relationship of E.arundinaceus with other species using the chromosome1 sequence revealed that E.arundinaceus was distantly related to Oryza sativa and Zea mays,followed by Sorghum bicolor,and was closely related to S.spontaneum and Saccharum spp.hybrids.This study provides the first insights into the characteristics of EaC1,and the results will provide tools to support molecular improvement and alien introgression breeding of sugarcane.展开更多
The genetic base that cotton breeders commonly use to improve Upland cultivars is very narrow.The AD-genome species Gossypium barbadense,G.tomentosum,and G.mustelinum are part of
In order to effectively use of phages as antimicrobial agents for controlling multidrug-resistant E.coli,it is important to understand phage biology.The isolation and research of novel bacteriophages are urgently need...In order to effectively use of phages as antimicrobial agents for controlling multidrug-resistant E.coli,it is important to understand phage biology.The isolation and research of novel bacteriophages are urgently needed for food safety and animal health.Phage is considered as a novel alternative antibacterial agents and a new way of prevent,control and treat pathogens.In this paper,we isolated and characterized a novel lytic phage from chicken samples,named vB_EscP_vE20(in brief vE20).We identified vE20 as belonging to the Podoviridae family through morphological and phylogenetic analysis.It had lytic activities against 24 out of 51 different serotypes of clinical E.coli strains,interestingly it also can lyse Salmonella species,such as Salmonella Enteritidis(S.Enteritidis)and Samonella Typhimu-rium(S.Typhimurium).One step growth curve showed that the latent period and lysis period was 10 min and 60 min,respectively.The burst size of vE20 was about 60 PFU/cell.The phage vE20 survived in a wide range of temperatures(30-60℃)and pH(3-11).The whole genome size of phage vE20 is 77,938 bps,which is double stranded DNA.There are 121 Open reading frame(ORFs)in total,and the GC-content is 42.17%,without virulence-associated,antibiotic and lysogeny related genes.Phage vE20 has high bactericidal activity in killing E.coli EXG20-1 in cultures containing 4×10^(9) cfu/mL in several MOIs culture.The results revealed the promising potential of phage vE20 as attractive candidates for the control of E.coli infections.展开更多
The aim of this study is to explore the genomic molecular organization and genogroup of human nomvirus from infected infants in Guangzhou of China. Primers were designed according to the genomic sequence of norovims i...The aim of this study is to explore the genomic molecular organization and genogroup of human nomvirus from infected infants in Guangzhou of China. Primers were designed according to the genomic sequence of norovims in the GenBank, and the nomvirus genome was amplified by RT-PCR. The PCR- products were cloned into T vector and sequenced, and the genomic nucleotide sequences were analyzed with the programs CLUSTAL W/X, DNASTAR and RAT （Recombination Analysis Tool）. The NVgz01 strain genome is 7558 bp in length and encodes three open reading frames （GenBank accession No. is DQ369797）. The genomic sequences of NVgz01 were compared with those of nomvirus in GenBank, which revealed that the homology with genogroup Ⅱ ranges between 76%-90%, and genogroup Ⅰ between 43%-44%. The ORF1 region shared 94% and 88% identity with Mc37 and Famiington strains, respectively; the capsid region （ORF2） shared 65% and 94% identity with Mc37 and Farmington strains, respectively. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed by the neighbor-joining method. Comparative complete sequence analysis of the NVgz01 with reported human norovirus genomic sequences revealed that this isolate belongs to genogroup Ⅱ . The ORF1 and ORF2 regions shared different identity with Mc37 and Fannington strains, suggesting NVgz01 could be a recombinant virus.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42188102,42120104006,41976117,42176111)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.202172002,201812002)the funding from Andrew Mc Minn。
文摘Pseudoalteromonas is a group of marine bacteria widespread in diverse marine sediments,producing a wide range of bioactive compounds.However,only a limited number of Pseudoalteromonas phages have been isolated and studied.In this study,a novel lytic Pseudoalteromonas phage,denoted as vB_PalP_Y7,was isolated from sewage samples collected at the Seafood Market in Qingdao,China.vB_PalP_Y7 remained stable across a wide range of temperatures(-20–50℃)and a wide pH range(3–12).The vB_PalP_Y7 phage harbors a linear double-stranded DNA molecule of 57699 base pairs(bp)with a G+C content of 45.90%.Furthermore,it is predicted to contain 58 open reading frames(ORFs).Phylogenetic analysis and protein network relationship analysis revealed low similarity between vB_PalP_Y7 and viruses in the ICTV and IMG/VR4 database,suggesting that vB_PalP_Y7 may be a potential new genus,Miuvirus.This study contributed valuable insights to comprehend the relationship between Pseudoalteromonas phages and their host organisms.
基金funded by Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang(LQ14C010006)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81501363)Planned Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang(2014C33261)
文摘In the present study,the complete genomes of four common（4/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014,15/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014,116/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014,and 120/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014）and two virulent（11/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014and 109/EV71/Wenzhou/CHN/2014）enterovirus 71（EV71）isolates were sequenced and described.They are 7405 bp in length and belong to EV71 sub-genotype C4 （C4a cluster）.
基金supported in part by fellowship award from the China Scholarship Council to Yuan Wei
文摘The first decade since the completion of the Human Genome Project has been marked with rapid development of genomic technologies and their immediate clinical applications. Genomic analysis using oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization （aCGH） or single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） chips has been applied to pediatric patients with developmental and intellectual disabilities （DD/ ID）, multiple congenital anomalies （MCA） and autistic spectrum disorders （ASD）. Evaluation of analytical and clinical validities of aCGH showed 〉 99% sensitivity and specificity and increased analytical resolution by higher density probe coverage. Reviews of case series, multi-center comparison and large patient-control studies demonstrated a diagnostic yield of 12%--20%; approximately 60% of these abnormalities were recurrent genomic disorders. This pediatric experience has been extended toward prenatal diagnosis. A series of reports indicated approximately 10% of pregnancies with ultrasound-detected structural anomalies and normal cytogenetic findings had genomic abnormalities, and 30% of these abnormalities were syndromic genomic disorders. Evidence-based practice guidelines and standards for implementing genomic analysis and web-delivered knowledge resources for interpreting genomic findings have been established. The progress from this technology-driven and evidence-based genomic analysis provides not only opportunities to dissect disease-causing mechanisms and develop rational therapeutic interventions but also important lessons for integrating genomic sequencing into pediatric and prenatal genetic evaluation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31820103010,31530056,and 31871773)National Key Research and Development Project(2018YFC1604206)+3 种基金Projects of Innovation and Development Pillar Program for Key Industries in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2018DB002)National FirstClass Discipline Program of Food Science and Technology(JUFSTR20180102)BBSRC Newton Fund Joint Centre Award(BB/J004529/1)Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province。
文摘Emerging evidence shows that some Lactobacillus fermentum(L.fermentum)strains can contribute to the prevention and treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC).In this study,105 isolates of L.fermentum strains were separated from fecal samples of populations in different regions in China and their draft genomes were sequenced.Pan-genomic and phylogenetic characterizations of these strains and four model strains(L.fermentum 3872,CECT5716,IF03956,and VRI003)were performed.Phylogenetic analysis ind icated that there was no significant adaptive evolution between the genomes of L.fermentum strains and the geographical location,sex,ethnicity,and age of the hosts.Three L.fermentum strains(FWXBH115,FGDLZR121,and FXJCJ61)from different branches of the phylogenetic tree and strain type L.fermentum CECT5716 were selected and their anti-inflammatory and immune modulatory activities in a dextran sulphate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis mouse model were further investigated.Both L.fermentum FXJCJ61 and CECT5716 significantly alleviated UC by reducing all colitis-associated histological indices,maintaining mucosal integrity,and stimulating replenishment of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),while the other two strains failed to offer similar protection.The anti-inflammato ry mechanisms of L.fermentum FXJCJ61 and CECT5716 were related to the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)signaling pathway activation and enhancement of interleukin 10(IL-10)production.Comparative genomic analysis of these strains identified candidate genes that may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of specific L.fermentum strains.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Shandong Joint Fund(No.U1706208)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41776131,41776130)。
文摘Magnetotactic bacteria(MTB)display magnetotaxis ability because of biomineralization of intracellular nanometer-sized,membrane-bound organelles termed magnetosomes.Despite having been discovered more than half a century,only a few representatives of MTB have been isolated and cultured in the laboratory.In this study,we report the genomic characterization of a novel marine magnetotactic spirillum strain SH-1 belonging to the genus Terasakiella that was recently isolated.A gene encoding haloalkane dehalogenase,which is involved in the degradation of chlorocyclohexane,chlorobenzene,chloroalkane,and chloroalkene,was identified.SH-1 genome contained cysCHI and soxBAZYX genes,thus potentially capable of assimilatory sulfate reduction to H_(2)S and using thiosulfate as electron donors and oxidizing it to sulfate.Genome of SH-1 also contained genes encoding periplasmic dissimilatory nitrate reductases(napAB),assimilatory nitrate reductase(nasA)and assimilatory nitrite reductases(nasB),suggesting that it is capable of gaining energy by converting nitrate to ammonia.The pure culture of Terasakiella sp.SH-1 together with its genomic results off ers new opportunities to examine biology,physiology,and biomineralization mechanisms of MTB.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200084)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871773 and 31820103010)+1 种基金the Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province and Key Talents Project of“Strengthening Health through Science and Education”of Wuxi Health and Family Planning Commission(ZDRC039)Top Talents Project of“Six-one Project”for High-level Health Talents in Jiangsu Province(LGY2018016)。
文摘The high intraspecies heterogeneity of Baciillus coagulans leads to significant phenotypic differences among different strains.Thus,6 B.coagulans strains were tested in the present study using an irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)animal model to determine whether the IBS-alleviating effects of B.coagulans strains are strain-specific.The results of this study showed that the ingestion of B.coagulans GBI-30,6086,and B.coagulans CCFM1041 significantly alleviated IBS symptoms in mice.In contrast,other B.coagulans strains showed no or limited alleviating effects on IBS symptoms.According to our experimental results,the two main common features of these strains were as follows:1)The resistance of vegetative cells to bile salts,and 2)ability to synthesize specific lipids and secondary metabolites.Screening strains based on these two indicators may greatly reduce costs and provide a basis for mining new functional B.coagulans strains.Our results also suggest that administration of B.coagulans could significantly regulate microbiota dysbiosis in animal models.Moreover,the close relationships between the gut microbiota,gut microbiota metabolites,and IBS were further confirmed in this study.
基金the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2015BAD12B01)the China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-40-K13)
文摘Fowl adenovirus serotype 4(FAdV-4)strain SD1511 was isolated from chickens with severe inclusion body hepatitis and hydropericardium syndrome in Shandong Province,China.The isolate was cultured in primary chicken embryo kidney cells.A study of pathogenicity indicated that SD1511 readily infected 7–35-d-old chickens by intramuscular injection and intranasal and oral routes,causing 50%–100%mortality.The 35-d-old chickens suffered more severe infection than 7-and 21-d-old chickens with mortality highest in the intramuscular injection group.The serum from surviving chickens showed potent viral neutralizing capability.The complete genome of SD1511 was sequenced and analyzed.The strain was found to belong to the FAdV-4 cluster with more than 99%identity with the virulent FAdV-4 strains isolated in China in recent years except for some distinct variations,including deletions of open reading frame 27(ORF27),ORF48,and part of ORF19.Our findings suggest that SD1511 might be used as a prototype strain for the study of pathogenesis and vaccine development.
基金supported by the Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32130082,32260570)Jiangxi Provincial Key R&D Program,China(S20251728).
文摘Lacticaseibacillus paracasei NCU215 was recognized for its robust probiotic activities and excellent fermentation capabilities.In the present study,whole-genome,comparative genomics analysis,and experimental validation were integrated to systematically investigate the potential functional traits of NCU215.Genomic analysis revealed that NCU215 harbors a repertoire of functional genes and is devoid of genes associated with human pathogenicity.Additionally,the metabolic pathways involved in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism in NCU215 were computationally predicted.Based on average nucleotide identity(ANI),average amino acid identity(AAI),and core-genome phylogenetic reconstruction,the taxonomic assignment of NCU215 was revised from Lacticaseibacillus casei to Lacticaseibacillus paracasei.Comparative genomic analysis indicated that NCU215 contains higher abundance of genes associated with cell adhesion,carbohydrate metabolism,and a unique amino acid metabolic gene cluster(cysK-ctl1-cysE).Experimental validation confirmed that NCU215 displays a high adhesion rate of 7.86±0.65%to Caco-2 cells,the ability to convert methionine to cysteine,enhanced utilization of galactose,mannose,fructooligosaccharides,and inulin,as well as bile salt hydrolase activity and a high cholesterol-lowering efficacy of 47.30±2.61%.Furthermore,soymilk fermented with NCU215 exhibited a substantial reduction in volatile compounds such as hexanal and 1-octen-3-ol,while the contents of acetoin and 2,3-butanedione were notably elevated.
基金supported by the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program[No.2022YFD2100703]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[No.32021005 and 32122067]+1 种基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities JUSRP622013Collaborative innovation center of food safety and quality control in Jiangsu Province.
文摘Selecting probiotic strains from maternal and infant sources,combined with processes tailored for early-life applications,may enhance probiotic efficacy.In this study,26 Bifidobacterium strains(five species)isolated from infant and maternal feces,and breast milk were systematically assessed for physiological traits,techno-logical potential,functionality,and safety.Distinct source-and species-specific differences were observed.Breast milk-derived strains showed lower tolerance to simulated gastric fluid than those from feces.Regarding anti-biotic susceptibility,B.longum subsp.longum was sensitive to tetracycline and streptomycin but resistant to erythromycin,while B.breve showed the opposite profile.A comprehensive evaluation model integrating nine assessment parameters identified one B.breve and one B.longum subsp.longum strain with superior potential for application.Correlation analyses revealed significant relationships among physiological traits and between traits and functional genes.For instance,antibacterial activity and organic acid production showed positive correla-tions with each other,as well as with genes encoding specific virulence factors and transport proteins.These findings offer mechanistic and genomic insights for selecting probiotics tailored to early-life health.
基金supported by the Interdisciplinary Research Fund of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University[Grant No.BR231410]the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region[Grant No.2025JQ017]the Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.32160550].
文摘Phage contamination represents a significant threat to starter cultures.Although research on Lactobacillus phages exists,a comprehensive understanding of the genomic and biological characteristics of Lactiplantibacillus plan-tarum(L.plantarum)phages remains limited.In this study,a phage,designated phage P4,was induced from L.plantarum IMAU14010 by exposing the host strain to 40 s of ultraviolet irradiation.The genome of phage P4 consists of a double-stranded DNA molecule with a length of 75,801 bp and a GC content of 39.30%.Among its predicted coding sequences,32 were annotated as functional proteins.Biologically,phage P4 displayed an optimal MOI of 0.1 and a lytic period of 45 min.It remained highly active across a temperature range of 20-42℃and a pH range of 4-11,while activity declined under extreme conditions(50℃or pH 2-3).The adsorption rate exceeded 90%across the temperature range of 0-50℃and pH range of 4-11.Notably,neither the presence of divalent cations(Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+))nor chloramphenicol affected its adsorption efficiency.These findings could enhance the understanding of L.plantarum phages and provide valuable insights into phage control strategies.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3400300).
文摘Cartilaginous fish(sharks,skates,rays,and chimaeras)are an important group of vertebrates facing the risk of regional extinction due to factors such as overfishing(Pacoureau et al.2021;Finucci et al.2024;Worm et al.2024).However,knowledge of their reproduction and conservation remains limited.Understanding the genetic diversity,population structure,and reproductive behaviors of cartilaginous fish can offer valuable insights into their reproductive strategies and ecological adaptability,which are crucial for the conservation of these vulnerable species.Here,we present a chromosome-level draft genome as well as whole genome resequencing data of seven other individuals for the Kong skate(Okamejei kenojei),a species that has been reported to have a population decrease based on fisheries resource surveys(Deng&Jin 2001;Rigby et al.2021).Our analysis revealed lineage-specific genomic changes in O.kenojei,including the expansion of 69 gene families.We also assessed their genetic diversity,which showed a decline in population size over the past million years.Furthermore,we examined the egg-laying behavior of 24 adult female specimens and the incubation period of 35 embryos,indicating a low reproductive capacity.In conclusion,our findings suggest that the genetic diversity of the current wild population of O.kenojei is relatively healthy,but their reproductive output is low.Without proper management and protection,this could lead to irreversible impacts on the population,highlighting the importance of conservation efforts for this species.
基金Supported by the Fujian Natural Science Foundation(2021J01351)the Major Scientific Research Program for Young and Middle-aged Health Professionals of Fujian Province,China(Grant No.2021ZQNZD006).
文摘What is known about this topic?Global human cases of zoonotic influenza A(H5N6)have increased significantly in recent years,primarily due to widespread circulation of clade 2.3.4.4b virus since 2020.Concurrent with this trend,sporadic human infections with clade 2.3.4.4h H5N6 avian influenza virus continue to occur.The high mortality rate associated with H5N6 virus infections has emerged as a critical public health concern.What is added by this report?Through comprehensive field epidemiological investigations and laboratory analyses,we identified the infection sources for these cases and conclusively ruled out human-to-human transmission.Genetic analyses revealed that while the virus maintains its avian host tropism,it has acquired mutations that may enhance human receptor binding affinity,viral replication capacity,pathogenicity,and neuraminidase inhibitor resistance.What are the implications for public health practice?The ongoing viral mutations increase the potential for H5 subtype avian influenza viruses to overcome species barriers and cause human epidemics.Enhanced surveillance strategies incorporating advanced technologies,such as metagenomic sequencing,are essential for early risk detection and management.Special attention should be directed toward cancer patients and immunocompromised individuals,who demonstrate increased susceptibility to avian influenza virus infections and require targeted prevention and control measures.
文摘Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio(V.)cholerae(NOVC)has emerged as a potential pathogen in patients with compromised health conditions[1].We report the whole genome sequencing(WGS)of a rare NOVC sepsis isolate(GenBank Accession:GCF_051906115.1)from an 89-year-old male admitted to the Intensive Care Unit(ICU)with septic shock(lactate 6.61 mmol/L)digestive illness.
基金supported by Major Science and Technology Innovation Projects in Shandong Province(2019JZZY010718)National Key Research and Development Project(2019YFD1002003).
文摘Bacillus subtilis,a plant-beneficial bacterial species exhibiting good biocontrol capabilities,has been widely used in agricultural production.The endophytic strain 9407 can efficiently control bacterial fruit blotch(BFB)caused by the gram-negative bacterium Acidovorax citrulli.However,the mechanism underlying its biocontrol ability remains poorly understood.Given the genomic diversity of B.subtilis,strain 9407 was sequenced and assembled in this study to determine the genome information associated with its biocontrol traits.A combination of core genome phylogenetic analysis and average nucleotide identity(ANI)analysis demonstrated that the 9407 strain belonged to B.subtilis.Various functional genes related to biocontrol traits,i.e.,biofilm formation,motility,pathogen inhibition,plant growth promotion,and induction of systemic resistance,were identified in B.subtilis 9407.Four secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters with antibacterial ability were also found in the B.subtilis 9407 genome,including newly identified subtilosin A,bacilysin,and bacillaene,and the previously reported surfactin.Mutants lacking sboA or bacG,which are defective in synthesizing subtilosin A or bacilysin,showed decreased inhibitory activity against A.citrulli MH21,and the triple mutant with deleted sboA,bacG,and srfAB almost completely lost its inhibitory activity.The biofilm formation and swarming motility of the sboA and bacG mutants also decreased,in turn leading to decreased colonization on melon roots and leaves.Under greenhouse conditions,the biocontrol efficacy of the sboA and bacG mutants against BFB on melon leaves decreased by 21.4 and 32.3%,respectively.Here,we report a new biocontrol pathway of B.subtilis 9407 against BFB,in which subtilosin A and bacilysin contributed to the biocontrol efficacy by improving antibacterial activity and colonization ability of the strain.The comprehensive genomic analysis of B.subtilis 9407 improves our understanding of the biocontrol mechanisms of B.subtilis,providing support for further research of its biocontrol mechanisms and field applications.
文摘The use of probiotics for their anti-inflammatory potential is an area with limited research,and there is currently limited understanding of the connection between the genotype and phenotype of the majority of probiotics.In this study,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HF05 with prominent anti-inflammatory effects and excellent probiotic characteristics was screened from Qula by combining RAW264.7 inflammatory cell model screening with in vitro comparison of probiotic properties.Through whole genome analysis,we found that the HF05 genome encoded a large number of environmental adaptation,adhesion,colonization,anti-inflammatory and antioxidant-related genes.The in vitro experiments demonstrated that HF05 inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine release in RAW264.7 inflammatory cells.Furthermore,we found that prophylactic intake of HF05 alleviated intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage in mice with acute colitis and inhibited the value-added of enteropathogenic bacteria(Escherichia coli,Enterococcus faecalis,Staphylococcus xylosus)and reversed the depletion of Lactobacillus(Lactobacillus johnsonii,Lactobacillus intestinalis).Collectively,we demonstrated that HF05 can serve as a new probiotic for the relief of intestinal inflammation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31925029,32401815)
文摘African cultivated rice(Oryza glaberrima)was domesticated from its wild progenitor,Oryza barthii.The transition from long-awn to short-awn or awnless glumes was an important evolutionary event during domestication.A QTL analysis of 331 recombinant inbred lines(RILs)using 194 InDel markers identified five quantitative trait loci(QTL)associated with awn length.Locus qObAwn5 made the highest contribution in regulating awn length and was fine-mapped to a 260-kb genomic interval.RNA-seq and RT-qPCR analyses,combined with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout that disruption of gene G12 caused a significant reduction in awn length indicating that G12 was ObAwn5.Genomic analysis revealed a large structural variation(SV)between W1411 and IRGC104165 within this region,characterized by an inversion and two large deletions.Population genomic analyses revealed that all the cultivated African accessions exhibit a domestication-like(Dom-like)pattern,whereas non-cultivated accessions consisted of two distinct types:W1050-like and W1411-like.The W1411-like type was exclusively found in the AA genome of African wild rice.This discovery of ObAwn5 newly substantiates the independent origin of African cultivated rice.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771863)Science and Technology Major Project of the Fujian Province of China(2015NZ0002-2)+3 种基金Special Fund for Scientific and Technological Innovation of the Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(KFA17168A)Doctoral Students of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Going Abroad to Cooperative Research(324-112110082)Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Biological Resources(SKLCUSA-a201912)supported by ERDF Project“Plants as a tool for sustainable global development”(CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000827)。
文摘Erianthus arundinaceus is a wild relative of sugarcane(Saccharum officinarum L.)with many desirable agronomic traits for sugarcane genetic improvement.However,limited knowledge of the complex genome of hexaploid E.arundinaceus has impeded the development of required molecular tools.Dissecting complex genomes into single chromosomes can simplify analyses.The flow-cytometric sorting of a single chromosome of E.arundinaceus in a Saccharum-Erianthus introgression line is reported.A novel approach called genomic in situ hybridization in suspension was used to discriminate the alien chromosome from sugarcane chromosomes at the same size.A total of 218,000 E.arundinaceus chromosome 1(EaC1)were sorted to>97%purity and amplified DNA was sequenced using Illumina and Pac Bio technologies.The resulting assembly had a 70.93 Mb contig sequence with an N50 of 19.62 kb.A total of 56.69 Mb repeat sequences were predicted,accounting for 79.1%of the chromosome and 2646 genes having a total length of 1.84 Mb that represented 2.59%of the chromosome.Of these genes,1877(70.9%)genes were functionally annotated.The phylogenetic relationship of E.arundinaceus with other species using the chromosome1 sequence revealed that E.arundinaceus was distantly related to Oryza sativa and Zea mays,followed by Sorghum bicolor,and was closely related to S.spontaneum and Saccharum spp.hybrids.This study provides the first insights into the characteristics of EaC1,and the results will provide tools to support molecular improvement and alien introgression breeding of sugarcane.
文摘The genetic base that cotton breeders commonly use to improve Upland cultivars is very narrow.The AD-genome species Gossypium barbadense,G.tomentosum,and G.mustelinum are part of
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31972764)Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.BE2022361)+1 种基金One belt One road Innovation Cooperation Project of Jiangsu Province(BZ2021009)the Foundation of Coastal Agricultural Science Observation and Experimental Station of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(No.YHS202109).
文摘In order to effectively use of phages as antimicrobial agents for controlling multidrug-resistant E.coli,it is important to understand phage biology.The isolation and research of novel bacteriophages are urgently needed for food safety and animal health.Phage is considered as a novel alternative antibacterial agents and a new way of prevent,control and treat pathogens.In this paper,we isolated and characterized a novel lytic phage from chicken samples,named vB_EscP_vE20(in brief vE20).We identified vE20 as belonging to the Podoviridae family through morphological and phylogenetic analysis.It had lytic activities against 24 out of 51 different serotypes of clinical E.coli strains,interestingly it also can lyse Salmonella species,such as Salmonella Enteritidis(S.Enteritidis)and Samonella Typhimu-rium(S.Typhimurium).One step growth curve showed that the latent period and lysis period was 10 min and 60 min,respectively.The burst size of vE20 was about 60 PFU/cell.The phage vE20 survived in a wide range of temperatures(30-60℃)and pH(3-11).The whole genome size of phage vE20 is 77,938 bps,which is double stranded DNA.There are 121 Open reading frame(ORFs)in total,and the GC-content is 42.17%,without virulence-associated,antibiotic and lysogeny related genes.Phage vE20 has high bactericidal activity in killing E.coli EXG20-1 in cultures containing 4×10^(9) cfu/mL in several MOIs culture.The results revealed the promising potential of phage vE20 as attractive candidates for the control of E.coli infections.
文摘The aim of this study is to explore the genomic molecular organization and genogroup of human nomvirus from infected infants in Guangzhou of China. Primers were designed according to the genomic sequence of norovims in the GenBank, and the nomvirus genome was amplified by RT-PCR. The PCR- products were cloned into T vector and sequenced, and the genomic nucleotide sequences were analyzed with the programs CLUSTAL W/X, DNASTAR and RAT （Recombination Analysis Tool）. The NVgz01 strain genome is 7558 bp in length and encodes three open reading frames （GenBank accession No. is DQ369797）. The genomic sequences of NVgz01 were compared with those of nomvirus in GenBank, which revealed that the homology with genogroup Ⅱ ranges between 76%-90%, and genogroup Ⅰ between 43%-44%. The ORF1 region shared 94% and 88% identity with Mc37 and Famiington strains, respectively; the capsid region （ORF2） shared 65% and 94% identity with Mc37 and Farmington strains, respectively. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed by the neighbor-joining method. Comparative complete sequence analysis of the NVgz01 with reported human norovirus genomic sequences revealed that this isolate belongs to genogroup Ⅱ . The ORF1 and ORF2 regions shared different identity with Mc37 and Fannington strains, suggesting NVgz01 could be a recombinant virus.
