Neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis are critical steps for functional recovery following ischemic stroke.Damaged axons of the central nervous system in adult mammals exhibit limited regenerative capacity,resulting in...Neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis are critical steps for functional recovery following ischemic stroke.Damaged axons of the central nervous system in adult mammals exhibit limited regenerative capacity,resulting in enduring neurological deficits.Recent findings from our research indicate that inhibition of Rho-associated kinase(ROCK)2 facilitates neuroprotection in different models of central nervous system diseases.In addition,our prior studies have demonstrated that axonal protection enhances the regeneration of injured axons.However,it remains unclear whether the axonal protection mediated by ROCK2 inhibition also facilitates synaptogenesis.In this study,we aimed to investigate the effects of inhibiting ROCK2 expression on synaptogenesis and neurogenesis in ischemic stroke using an shRNA-expressing adeno-associated virus(AAV)vector(AAV-sh.ROCK2).We demonstrated that AAV-sh.ROCK2 increased neurite outgrowth and facilitated synaptogenesis in vivo.Furthermore,AAV-sh.ROCK2 increased neuronal survival and promoted neurogenesis following middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery as well as long-term motor functional recovery after ischemia/reperfusion injury.Notably,AAV-sh.ROCK2 also stimulated serotonergic and dopaminergic axon sprouting after ischemia/reperfusion injury.Mechanistically,AAV-sh.ROCK2 activity resulted in increased anti-collapsin response mediator protein 2 activation and reductions in RhoA and ROCK2 expression.Our study identified ROCK2 as a critical regulator of synaptogenesis and neurogenesis,highlighting it as a promising target to facilitate neuroprotection and regeneration in ischemic stroke.展开更多
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is related to various extragastric diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).However,the possible mechanisms connecting H.pylori infection and T2DM remain unkn...BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is related to various extragastric diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).However,the possible mechanisms connecting H.pylori infection and T2DM remain unknown.AIM To explore potential molecular connections between H.pylori infection and T2DM.METHODS We extracted gene expression arrays from three online datasets(GSE60427,GSE27411 and GSE115601).Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)commonly present in patients with H.pylori infection and T2DM were identified.Hub genes were validated using human gastric biopsy samples.Correlations between hub genes and immune cell infiltration,miRNAs,and transcription factors(TFs)were further analyzed.RESULTS A total of 67 DEGs were commonly presented in patients with H.pylori infection and T2DM.Five significantly upregulated hub genes,including TLR4,ITGAM,C5AR1,FCER1G,and FCGR2A,were finally identified,all of which are closely related to immune cell infiltration.The gene-miRNA analysis detected 13 miRNAs with at least two gene cross-links.TF-gene interaction networks showed that TLR4 was coregulated by 26 TFs,the largest number of TFs among the 5 hub genes.CONCLUSION We identified five hub genes that may have molecular connections between H.pylori infection and T2DM.This study provides new insights into the pathogenesis of H.pylori-induced onset of T2DM.展开更多
Light is an essential environmental signal perceived by a broad range of photoreceptors in plants. Among them, the red/far-red light receptor phytochromes function to promote photomorphogenesis, which is critical to t...Light is an essential environmental signal perceived by a broad range of photoreceptors in plants. Among them, the red/far-red light receptor phytochromes function to promote photomorphogenesis, which is critical to the survival of seedlings after seeds germination. The basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factors phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are the pivotal direct downstream components of phytochromes. H2A.Z is a highly conserved histone variant regulating gene transcription, and its incorporation into nucleosomes is catalyzed by SWI2/SNF2-related 1 complex, in which SWI2/SNF2-related 1 complex subunit 6 (SWC6) and actin-related protein 6 (ARP6) serve as core subunits. Here, we show that PIFs physically interact with SWC6 in vitro and in vivo, leading to the disassociation of HY5 from SWC6. SWC6 and ARP6 regulate hypocotyl elongation partly through PIFs in red light. PIFs and SWC6 coregulate the expression of auxin-responsive genes such as IAA6, IAA19, IAA20, and IAA29 and repress H2A.Z deposition at IAA6 and IAA19 in red light. Based on previous studies and our findings, we propose that PIFs inhibit photomorphogenesis, at least in part, through repression of H2A.Z deposition at auxin-responsive genes mediated by the interactions of PIFs with SWC6 and promotion of their expression in red light.展开更多
Objective: To explore the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines gene in human gliomas and its role in the genesis and development of human gliomas.Methods: Using IL-2 and IFNγ as Th1 type cytokines, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 as...Objective: To explore the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines gene in human gliomas and its role in the genesis and development of human gliomas.Methods: Using IL-2 and IFNγ as Th1 type cytokines, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 as Th2 type cytokines, the biological activity of cytokines in the supernatant of glioma cell lines was assayed by ELISA method, and the gene expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in human glioma cells, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes and glioma cell lines were detected by RT-PCR.Results: There was predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines in human glioma cells, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes and glioma cell lines, but there was no such expression in normal brain tissues.Conclusion: It suggested that there is a relationship between the Th2 type cytokines expression in human gliomas and the immunosupressive status of human glioma patients. The predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines may play an important role in the genesis and development of human gliomas. Key words glioma - Th1/Th2 - gene expression - RT-PCR This project was supported by a grant from National Natural Sciences foundation of China (No. 30271335).展开更多
AIN To study the relationship of Imp2 and DR3genes with type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus.NETHODS Imp2 genotypes and DR3 wereidentified in 68 patients with type Ⅰ diabetesmellitus(Ⅰ-DM)and 71 healthy controls.Then,Ⅰ-DM pat...AIN To study the relationship of Imp2 and DR3genes with type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus.NETHODS Imp2 genotypes and DR3 wereidentified in 68 patients with type Ⅰ diabetesmellitus(Ⅰ-DM)and 71 healthy controls.Then,Ⅰ-DM patients and controls were respectivelyallocated into DR3-positive and DR3-negativegroups.The frequencies of Imp2 and DR3 genein random subjects,and Imp2 genotypes in DR3-matched subjects were compared between Ⅰ-DMpatients and controls.At the same time,Ⅰ-DMpatients were divided into 3 groups based on theonset age of diabetics:group A≤14 years,group B 15-30 years and group C≥31 years.RESULTS The frequency of DR3 in Ⅰ-DMpatients was significantly higher than that incontrols(47% vs 21%,P【0.005),and it wassignificantly higher in group A than that in groupB+C(70% vs 36%,x^2=7.07,P【0.01).Therewas a significant difference among groups withdifferent onset age of diabetics(x^2=8.19,rp=0.33,P【0.05).In random subjects,thefrequency of Imp2.R/R in Ⅰ-DM patients waslower(43% vs 61%,P【0.05)and Imp2.R/Hhigher(53% vs 28%,P【0.05)than that incontrols,and there was no significant differenceamong groups with different onset age ofdiabetics.In DR3-positive subjects,thefrequency of Imp2.R/R in Ⅰ-DM patients waslower(47% vs 87%,P【0.05)and Imp2-R/H higher(47% vs 13%,P【0.05)than that incontrols.In DR3-negative subjects,thefrequency of Imp2.R/H in Ⅰ-DM patients washigher than that in controls(58% vs 32%,P【0.01),but the frequency of Imp2-R/R and Imp2H/H was not significantly different betweenthese two groups.CONCLUSION DR3 gene may be one of thesusceptible genes of Ⅰ-DM,and significantlyrelated to the onset age of diabetics,and thepersons with DR3 may have an younger onsetage of diabeteS.The Imp2-R/R may be theprotective genotype of Ⅰ-DM,and Imp2-R/H thesusceptible genotype.These were not affectedby DR3 gene.Imp-2 genotypes were not relatedwith the onset age of diabetics.展开更多
Dynamic nitrification and denitrification processes are affected by changes in soil redox conditions,and they play a vital role in regulating soil N_(2)O emissions in rice-based cultivation.It is imperative to underst...Dynamic nitrification and denitrification processes are affected by changes in soil redox conditions,and they play a vital role in regulating soil N_(2)O emissions in rice-based cultivation.It is imperative to understand the influences of different upland crop planting systems on soil N_(2)O emissions.In this study,we focused on two representative rotation systems in Central China:rapeseed–rice(RR)and wheat–rice(WR).We examined the biotic and abiotic processes underlying the impacts of these upland plantings on soil N_(2)O emissions.The results revealed that during the rapeseed-cultivated seasons in the RR rotation system,the average N_(2)O emissions were 1.24±0.20 and 0.81±0.11 kg N ha^(–1)for the first and second seasons,respectively.These values were comparable to the N_(2)O emissions observed during the first and second wheat-cultivated seasons in the WR rotation system(0.98±0.25 and 0.70±0.04 kg N ha^(–1),respectively).This suggests that upland cultivation has minimal impacts on soil N_(2)O emissions in the two rotation systems.Strong positive correlations were found between N_(2)O fluxes and soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(–)),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),and the ratio of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC)to NO_(3)^(–)in both RR and WR rotation systems.Moreover,the presence of the AOA-amoA and nirK genes were positively associated with soil N_(2)O fluxes in the RR and WR systems,respectively.This implies that these genes may have different potential roles in facilitating microbial N_(2)O production in various upland plantation models.By using a structural equation model,we found that soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA gene accounted for over 50%of the effects on N_(2)O emissions in the RR rotation system.In the WR rotation system,soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA and nirK genes had a combined impact of over 70%on N_(2)O emissions.These findings demonstrate the interactive effects of functional genes and soil factors,including soil physical characteristics,available carbon and nitrogen,and their ratio,on soil N_(2)O emissions during upland cultivation seasons under rice-upland rotations.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to examine the induction profiles （as judged by quantitative reverse tran- scription polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR）） of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor （PPAR） α,β,...The purpose of this study was to examine the induction profiles （as judged by quantitative reverse tran- scription polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR）） of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor （PPAR） α,β, y subtypes and major PPAR-target genes bearing a functional peroxisome proliferator responsive element （PPRE） in HepG2 cell model upon feeding with cis-9,trans-11-octadecadienoic acid （9-CLA） or trans-10,cis-12-octadecadienoic acid （10-CLA） or their precursor fatty acids （FAs）. HepG2 cells were treated with 100 pmol/L 9-CLA or 10-CLA or their precursor FAs, viz., oleic, linoleic, and trans-11-vaccenic acids against bezafibrate control to evaluate the induc- tion/expression profiles of PPAR （α, β, γ subtypes and major PPAR-target genes bearing a functional PPRE, i.e., fatty acid transporter （FAT）, glucose transporter-2 （GLUT-2）, liver-type FA binding protein （L-FABP）, acyl CoA oxidase-1 （ACOX-1）, and peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme （PBE） with reference to β-actin as house keeping gene. Of the three housekeeping genes （glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase （GAPDH）, β-actin, and ubiquitin）, β-actin was found to be stable. Dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO）, the common solubilizer of agonists, showed a significantly higher induction of genes analyzed, qRT-PCR profiles of CLAs and their precursor FAs clearly showed upregulation of FAT, GLUT-2, and L-FABP （-0.5-.0-fold）. Compared to 10-CLA, 9-CLA decreased the induction of the FA metabolizing gene ACOX-1 less than did PBE, while 10-CLA decreased the induction of PBE less than did ACOX-I. Both CLAs and precursor FAs upregulated PPRE-beadng genes, but with comparatively less or marginal activation of PPAR subtypes This indicates that the binding of CLAs and their precursor FAs to PPAR subtypes results in PPAR activation, thereby induction of the target transporter genes coupled with downstream lipid metabolising genes such as ACOX-1 and PBE. To sum up, the expression profiles of these candidate genes showed that CLAs and their precursor FAs are involved in lipid signalling by modulating the PPAR a, 13, or ~ subtype for the indirect activation of the PPAR-target genes, which may in turn be responsible for the supposed health effects of CLA, and that care should be taken while calculating the actual fold induction values of candidate genes with reference to housekeeping gene and DMSO as they may impart false positive results.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the type III effector tccP and tccP2 genes in Escherichia coli O157：H7 from Chinese water-chestnut. [Method] Gene-specific and locus-specific primers were utilized to amplify t...[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the type III effector tccP and tccP2 genes in Escherichia coli O157：H7 from Chinese water-chestnut. [Method] Gene-specific and locus-specific primers were utilized to amplify tccP/tccP2 and their flanking regions for sequence analysis. [Result] E. coli O157：H7 CWN11 harbored intact tccP and tccP2 genes, however, the number of proline-rich repeats in tccP gene was only one that probably resulted in biological incapability, whereas, the tccP2 gene consisted of five and half proline-rich repeats and could encode functional protein. [Conclusion] Here, we reported the first sequence of tccP gene that consisted of only one proline-rich repeat and tccP2 was assumed to play a crucial role in colonization and subsequent signaling cascades.展开更多
[ Objective] The study aimed to lay a foundation for the further studies on function mechanism of NS1 protein in the interspecies transmission of waterfowl influenza virus. [Method] Using the serologic assay and the s...[ Objective] The study aimed to lay a foundation for the further studies on function mechanism of NS1 protein in the interspecies transmission of waterfowl influenza virus. [Method] Using the serologic assay and the specific RT-PCR method, some strains of H9 subtype waterfowl influenza virus were isolated from the 12 to 20 day-old muscovy duck flocks without any clinical symptoms in different areas of Guangdong Province. Four of these strains, including A/duck/ZQ/303/2007（H9N2） （A3 for short）, A/Duck/FJ/301/2007 （H9N2） （C1 for short）, A/Duck/NH/306/2007（H9N2） （ D6 for short）, A/duck/SS/402/2007（H9N2） （ E2 for short）, and a strain named A/duck/ZC/2007（H9N2） （L1 for short） from a muscovy duck died of avian influenza virus （AIV）, were used for NSl gene cloning and sequencing. Subsequently, the obtained NSl gene sequences were compared with other NS1 sequences registered in GenBank, and the phylogenetic analysis was also conducted. [Result] When compared with the H9N2 AIV NS1 sequences in GenBank, the NSl genes of the four AIV strains A3, C1, 136 and E2 displayed homologies ranging from 99% to 100% at nucleotide level, and 95% to 100% at amino acid level; while the NSl gene of L1 strain displayed homology ranging from 94% to 97% at nucleotide level, and 93% to 98% at amino acid level. The phylogenetic tree demonstrated that A3, C1, D6 and E2 were highly resemblant, and L1 was closest to AY66473 （chicken, 2003）. By comparison with the NS1 gene sequences of L1, AF523514 （duck）, AY664743 （chicken） and EF155262.1 （quail） using DNAstar, A3, C1, D6 and E.2 presented nucleotide variations at site 21 （ R→Q）, 70, 71 （ KE→EG）, 86 （ A→S）, 124 （V→M） and 225 （ S→N）, and amino acid variations at site 21,70, 71 and 86 in dsRNA- dependent protein kinase （PKR） binding domain of NSl gene, which induced the evident variations of antigenic determinant and surface proba- bility plot of NS1 protein. [ Conclusion] This study suggested that the amino acid sequence variation in PKR binding domain of NS1 protein had something to do with the virus pathogenicity.展开更多
The expressions of HBV X gene and ets-2, IGF-I, c-myc and N-ras were studied in 7 pairs of human primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) and tumor-adjacent tissues, using RNA hybridization and im-munoblot methods. The ...The expressions of HBV X gene and ets-2, IGF-I, c-myc and N-ras were studied in 7 pairs of human primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) and tumor-adjacent tissues, using RNA hybridization and im-munoblot methods. The results showed that specific 17 and 28 kD HBV X gene products (HBxAg) were existed in a portion of PHC and tumor-adjacent tissues. The 17 kD HBxAg was detected in the sera of 3 patients who also had 17 kD HBxAg in their liver tissues. Multiple expressions of oncogenes such as ets-2, c-myc and N-ras were observed in PHC and tumor-adjacent tissues that had HBxAg expressed, indicating HBxAg might function as a transactivator in the course of intracellular proto-oncogene activation. It is also observed that in some tumor-adjacnet tissues the expressions of ets-2, c-myc and N-ras were higher than those in corresponding PHC. The relationship of HBxAg to the expression of est-2, IGF-Ⅱ, c-myc and their possible roles in the carcinogenesis of PHC are discussed.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of Fig fruit powder and olive on hepatic,renal and splenic injury induced by 2-nitropropane(2-NP)in mice,especially if they were used in combination.METHODS:A total of 40 adult BA...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of Fig fruit powder and olive on hepatic,renal and splenic injury induced by 2-nitropropane(2-NP)in mice,especially if they were used in combination.METHODS:A total of 40 adult BALB/c male mice weighting 25-30 g/each.Mice were categorized into five groups(8 each).Group 1 as negative control.Group 2 as positive control group intraperitoneally injected with 2-NP(100 mg/kg b.w.)3 times/weekly for eight weeks.Group 3 injected with 2-NP and were orally supplemented with Fig(300 mg/kg).Group 4 injected with 2-NP and were orally supplemented with olive(100 mg/kg).Group 5 injected with 2-NP and were orally supplemented with mixture of Fig and olive(3∶1 respectively).RESULTS:Histopathological observation of liver in mice treated with 2-NP showed cellular degeneration,pyknosis,and congestion of the portal vein.In kidney there were disorganization of the cortical tissues,cellular necrosis and plenty of inflammatory lymphocytic aggregation.Significant elevations in liver function parameters(alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase),m RNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and cyclooxygenase were detected as anti-inflammatory markers and 5-lipoxygenase,interleukin-1βand interleukin-6 as inflammatory biomarkers for liver and spleen,also significant elevations was detected in lipid peroxidation levels.The levels of antioxidants,glutathione,glutathione peroxidase,catalase and superoxide dismutase were significantly decreased.CONCLUSION:our findings indicated that Fig fruit powder and olive protected against hepatic,renal and splenic injury induced with 2-NP in mice,especially if they were used in combination.展开更多
Heavy metals such nickel (Ni) can cause toxicity by 1) displacing essential components in the biomolecules, 2) blocking the functional group of molecules, or 3) modifying enzymes, proteins, the plasma membrane, and me...Heavy metals such nickel (Ni) can cause toxicity by 1) displacing essential components in the biomolecules, 2) blocking the functional group of molecules, or 3) modifying enzymes, proteins, the plasma membrane, and membrane transporters. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of nickel (Ni) on gene expression of nitrate on gene expression with a focus on the genes coding for the high affinity Ni transporter family protein </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">AT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">G</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">16800, and natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRAMP</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). Ni toxicity was assessed by treating seedlings with an aqueous solution of nickel nitrate salt [Ni(NO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">] at the concentrations of 150 mg, 800 mg, and 1600 mg of nickel per 1 kg of dry soil. RT-qPCR was used to measure the expression of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">AT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">G</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">16800, and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRAMP</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> genes in samples treated with nickel nitrates and controls. The results revealed that </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P.</span></i> </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">glauca</span></i><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is resistant to Ni based on lack of plant damage at all nickel concentrations. Ni has no effect on the expression of the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">AT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">G</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">16800 gene in needles or roots. However, it induced an upregulation of the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRAMP</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> genes in roots at all the doses tested (150 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, and 1600 mg/kg). On the other hand, Ni has no effect on the expression of the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRAMP</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> gene in needle but the lowest dose of potassium (150 mg/kg) upregulated this gene in needle tissues.展开更多
Plants have evolved and perfected a series of light receptors to feel the light at different bands and regulate the expression, modification and interaction of related genes in plants through signal transduction. So f...Plants have evolved and perfected a series of light receptors to feel the light at different bands and regulate the expression, modification and interaction of related genes in plants through signal transduction. So far, many photoreceptors have been identified in plants, UVR8 has recently been identified as a receptor for UV-B light. This paper cloned a WD40 gene related to UVR8 protein subunit, named RrRUP2, based on the Rosa rugose transcriptome data, using Rosa rugose “Zi zhi” as experimental materials. The full length of cDNA of the gene was obtained by RT-PCR and RACE methods. The total length of this gene is 1173 bp, and it encodes 390 amino acids. After bioinformatics analysis, the molecular formula C3415H5659N1173O1434S313 was predicted;the relative molecular weight was 96129.27 Da;the theoretical isoelectric point PI value was 5.00;and its instability index was 47.06. The total average hydrophobic index was 0.750. In the secondary structure of RrRUP2 protein, there are 10 α-helix, 45 β-helix, 181 Random coil, and 154 Extended strand. Gene Bank Blast results showed that the amino acid sequence encoded by RrRUP2 was more than 90% homologous with the RUP2 protein of Rosa chinensis, Fragaria, Malus, Pyrus, Prunus, Juglans, Arabidopsis and Tobacco, so it can be inferred that the RrRUP2 gene is a WD repeat-containing protein. Regarding to fluorescence quantitative expression analysis of RrRUP2, we find its experssion pattern is corresponded with the accumulation of anthocyanins.展开更多
Trifunctional Cu-mesh/Cu_(2)O@FeO nanoarrays heterostructure is designed and fabricated by integrating CuCu_(2)O@FeO nanoarrays onto Cu-mesh(CM)via an in situ growth and phase transformation process.It is successfully...Trifunctional Cu-mesh/Cu_(2)O@FeO nanoarrays heterostructure is designed and fabricated by integrating CuCu_(2)O@FeO nanoarrays onto Cu-mesh(CM)via an in situ growth and phase transformation process.It is successfully applied to efficiently mitigate the antibiotic pollution,including degradation of antibiotics,inactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria(ARB),and damage of antibiotics resistance genes(ARGs).Under visible-light irradiation,CM/CuCu_(2)O@FeO nanoarrays exhibit a superior degradation efficiency on antibiotics(e.g.,up to 99%in 25 min for tetracycline hydrochloride,TC),due to the generated reactive oxygen species(ROS),especially the dominant·O^(2−).It can fully inactivate E.coli(HB101)with initial number of~108 CFU mL^(−1) in 10 min,which is mainly attributed to the synergistic effects of 1D nanostructure,dissolved metal ions,and generated ROS.Meanwhile,it is able to damage ARGs after 180 min of photodegradation,including tetA(vs TC)of 3.3 log 10,aphA(vs kanamycin sulfate,KAN)of 3.4 log 10,and tnpA(vs ampicillin,AMP)of 4.4 log 10,respectively.This work explores a green way for treating antibiotic pollution under visible light.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the correlation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RunX2) with proliferation genes, tumor suppressor genes and angiogenesis molecules in colon cancer lesions. Methods: A total of 90 pati...Objective: To investigate the correlation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RunX2) with proliferation genes, tumor suppressor genes and angiogenesis molecules in colon cancer lesions. Methods: A total of 90 patients with primary colon cancer were enrolled in colon cancer group, 68 patients with benign colon polyps were enrolled in colon polyps group, the differences in the expression levels of RunX2, proliferation genes, tumor suppressor genes and angiogenesis molecules in the two groups of lesions were compared, and Pearson test was further used to evaluate the correlation of RunX2 expression level with proliferation gene, tumor suppressor gene and angiogenesis molecule expression levels in colon cancer tissues. Results: RunX2 mRNA expression level in the lesions of colon cancer group was higher than that of colon polyps group. Proliferation genes GTPBP4, HOXB7, ZNF331, ADAM17 and HSP60 mRNA expression levels in the lesions of colon cancer group were higher than those of colon polyps group;tumor suppressor genes ATF3, FOXN3, OTUD1 and NDRG2 mRNA expression levels were lower than those of colon polyps group;angiogenesis molecules Musashi 1, NF-κB, RegⅣ and STAT3 mRNA expression levels were higher than those of colon polyps group. RunX2 mRNA expression level in the colon cancer lesions was directly correlated with the expression levels of the above proliferation genes, tumor suppressor genes and angiogenesis molecules. Conclusion: RunX2 expression is abnormally high in colon cancer lesions, the specific expression level is positively correlated with cancer cell proliferation activity and angiogenesis activity, and it is an important molecular target that can lead to the occurrence and development of colon cancer.展开更多
<strong>Background</strong>: <span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Knowledge of HER2/Neu and BRCA1 Genes might be helpful for de...<strong>Background</strong>: <span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Knowledge of HER2/Neu and BRCA1 Genes might be helpful for development of strategies for decreasing the burden of risk of breast cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study to detect the role of HER2/Neu and BRCA1 Genes expression in diagnosis of breast cancer in Sudanese women. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: A total of 100 tissue samples obtained from patients with breast cancer in addition to 50 tissue samples obtained from patients with benign breast lesions, were detected the expression of HER2/Neu and BRCA1 Genes by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The prevalence of HER2/Neu and BRCA1 Genes, among cases was 6%, and 10% respectively</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> HER2/Neu and BRCA1 Genes have a considerable contribution to etiology of breast cancer in Sudan that requires further consideration.</span></span>展开更多
Dear Editor,Influenza A viruses cause pandemics at an interval of approximately 10-40 years,and pigs are regarded as a＂mixing vessel＂because they are easily infected with avian and human influenza viruses（Ito et al...Dear Editor,Influenza A viruses cause pandemics at an interval of approximately 10-40 years,and pigs are regarded as a＂mixing vessel＂because they are easily infected with avian and human influenza viruses（Ito et al.,1998）.According to previous studies,H3N2,H1N2,and H1N1 subtypes o（swine influenza viruses have been detected in Korean pigs （Pascua et al., 2013; Kim et al., 2014; Song et al., 2007）. Moreover, a novel H3N2 influenza virus containing the matrix （34） gene from a 2009 pandemic influenza virus was detected in Korean pigs in 2013 （Pascua et al., 2013）, an H1N2 influenza virus con- taining the internal genes from a 2009 pandemic influ- enza virus was found in Korean pigs in 2014 （Kim et al., 2014）, and an H1N1 influenza virus containing all genes from the classical swine influenza viruses was isolated from Korean pigs in 2007 （Song et al., 2007）.展开更多
BACKGROUND Growth arrest-specific gene 2(GAS2)plays a role in modulating in reversible growth arrest cell cycle,apoptosis,and cell survival.GAS2 protein is universally expressed in most normal tissues,particularly in ...BACKGROUND Growth arrest-specific gene 2(GAS2)plays a role in modulating in reversible growth arrest cell cycle,apoptosis,and cell survival.GAS2 protein is universally expressed in most normal tissues,particularly in the liver,but is depleted in some tumor tissues.However,the functional mechanisms of GAS2 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are not fully defined.AIM To investigate the function and mechanism of GAS2 in HCC.METHODS GAS2 expression in clinic liver and HCC specimens was analyzed by real-time PCR and western blotting.Cell proliferation was analyzed by counting,MTS,and colony formation assays.Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry.Cell apoptosis was investigated by Annexin V apoptosis assay and western blotting.RESULTS GAS2 protein expression was lower in HCC than in normal tissues.Overexpression of GAS2 inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells with wide-type p53,while knockdown of GAS2 promoted the proliferation of hepatocytes(P<0.05).Furthermore,GAS2 overexpression impeded the G1-to-S cell cycle transition and arrested more G1 cells,particularly the elevation of sub G1(P<0.01).Apoptosis induced by GAS2 was dependent on p53,which was increased by etoposide addition.The expression of p53 and apoptosis markers was further enhanced when GAS2 was upregulated,but became diminished upon downregulation of GAS2.In the clinic specimen,GAS2 was downregulated in more than 60%of HCCs.The average fold changes of GAS2 expression in tumor tissues were significantly lower than those in paired non-tumor tissues(P<0.05).CONCLUSION GAS2 plays a vital role in HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis,possibly by regulating the cell cycle and p53-dependent apoptosis pathway.展开更多
To determine the pathogenic potential of the leptospiral flagella-associated proteins, the genes flhA and flhB2 encoding the biosynthesis of flagella of leptospira interrogans serogroup icterohaemor- rhagiae serovar l...To determine the pathogenic potential of the leptospiral flagella-associated proteins, the genes flhA and flhB2 encoding the biosynthesis of flagella of leptospira interrogans serogroup icterohaemor- rhagiae serovar lai stain 56601 were cloned and their prokaryotic expression systems were constructed. It was demonstrated that the cloned flhA and flhB2 genes had 2118 bp in length and showed 100% and 99.9% of homologies in their nucleotide sequences and 100% and 98.8% of homologies in their putative amino acid sequences respectively, in comparison with those of previously reported. The prokaryotic expression systems under the induction with IPTG could efficiently express the target proteins rFlhA and rFlhB2 with the outputs of approximate 10% of the total bacterial proteins. Based on the sequences of the cloned genes flhA and flhB2, the structural features in associated with pathogenesis and the functions of the target proteins were analyzed with bioinformatics softwares, in which the FlhA was found to have 7 major transmembrane helices, while the FlhB2 had 5 ones. The conserved domains in the FlhA showed high similarity to those of the FHIPEP of the other bacterial FlhA and EscV families, but the conserved domains in the FlhB2 were similar to those of bac-export-2 and EscU families, EscV and EscU families being the protein products of the type IR secretion system in association with pathogenesis. The FlhA and FlhB2 also contained protein kinase C （PKC） and protein tyrosine kinase （PTK） phosphorylation sites, indicating that PKC and PTK of host cells were involved in the internalization and intracellular proliferation in the pathogenesis of microorganisms. All these data leads to a conclusion that the flhA and flhB2 genes of L. interrogans are relatively conserved and their gene products have great potential in the pathogenesis of this organism.展开更多
The widely used herbicide glyphosate targets 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase(EPSPS).Glyphosate acetyltransferase(GAT)effectively detoxifies glyphosate by N-acetylation.With the aim of identifying a new str...The widely used herbicide glyphosate targets 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase(EPSPS).Glyphosate acetyltransferase(GAT)effectively detoxifies glyphosate by N-acetylation.With the aim of identifying a new strategy for development of glyphosate-tolerant crops,the plant expression vector pG2-GAT harboring gat and G2-aroA(encoding EPSPS)has been transformed into tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum)to develop novel plants with higher tolerance to glyphosate.Results from Southern and Western blotting analyses indicated that the target genes were integrated into tobacco chromosomes and expressed effectively at the protein level.Glyphosate tolerance was compared among transgenic tobacco plants containing gat,G2-aroA,or both genes.Plants containing both gat and G2-aroA genes were the most glyphosate-tolerant.This study has shown that a combination of different strategies may result in higher tolerance in transgenic crops,providing a new approach for development of glyphosate-tolerant crops.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82471327the Natural Science Foundation of ShandongProvince,No.ZR2024MH200(both to SL).
文摘Neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis are critical steps for functional recovery following ischemic stroke.Damaged axons of the central nervous system in adult mammals exhibit limited regenerative capacity,resulting in enduring neurological deficits.Recent findings from our research indicate that inhibition of Rho-associated kinase(ROCK)2 facilitates neuroprotection in different models of central nervous system diseases.In addition,our prior studies have demonstrated that axonal protection enhances the regeneration of injured axons.However,it remains unclear whether the axonal protection mediated by ROCK2 inhibition also facilitates synaptogenesis.In this study,we aimed to investigate the effects of inhibiting ROCK2 expression on synaptogenesis and neurogenesis in ischemic stroke using an shRNA-expressing adeno-associated virus(AAV)vector(AAV-sh.ROCK2).We demonstrated that AAV-sh.ROCK2 increased neurite outgrowth and facilitated synaptogenesis in vivo.Furthermore,AAV-sh.ROCK2 increased neuronal survival and promoted neurogenesis following middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery as well as long-term motor functional recovery after ischemia/reperfusion injury.Notably,AAV-sh.ROCK2 also stimulated serotonergic and dopaminergic axon sprouting after ischemia/reperfusion injury.Mechanistically,AAV-sh.ROCK2 activity resulted in increased anti-collapsin response mediator protein 2 activation and reductions in RhoA and ROCK2 expression.Our study identified ROCK2 as a critical regulator of synaptogenesis and neurogenesis,highlighting it as a promising target to facilitate neuroprotection and regeneration in ischemic stroke.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82100594.
文摘BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is related to various extragastric diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).However,the possible mechanisms connecting H.pylori infection and T2DM remain unknown.AIM To explore potential molecular connections between H.pylori infection and T2DM.METHODS We extracted gene expression arrays from three online datasets(GSE60427,GSE27411 and GSE115601).Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)commonly present in patients with H.pylori infection and T2DM were identified.Hub genes were validated using human gastric biopsy samples.Correlations between hub genes and immune cell infiltration,miRNAs,and transcription factors(TFs)were further analyzed.RESULTS A total of 67 DEGs were commonly presented in patients with H.pylori infection and T2DM.Five significantly upregulated hub genes,including TLR4,ITGAM,C5AR1,FCER1G,and FCGR2A,were finally identified,all of which are closely related to immune cell infiltration.The gene-miRNA analysis detected 13 miRNAs with at least two gene cross-links.TF-gene interaction networks showed that TLR4 was coregulated by 26 TFs,the largest number of TFs among the 5 hub genes.CONCLUSION We identified five hub genes that may have molecular connections between H.pylori infection and T2DM.This study provides new insights into the pathogenesis of H.pylori-induced onset of T2DM.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31900609)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0503802)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31530085,31900207,and 32000183)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(18DZ2260500).
文摘Light is an essential environmental signal perceived by a broad range of photoreceptors in plants. Among them, the red/far-red light receptor phytochromes function to promote photomorphogenesis, which is critical to the survival of seedlings after seeds germination. The basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factors phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are the pivotal direct downstream components of phytochromes. H2A.Z is a highly conserved histone variant regulating gene transcription, and its incorporation into nucleosomes is catalyzed by SWI2/SNF2-related 1 complex, in which SWI2/SNF2-related 1 complex subunit 6 (SWC6) and actin-related protein 6 (ARP6) serve as core subunits. Here, we show that PIFs physically interact with SWC6 in vitro and in vivo, leading to the disassociation of HY5 from SWC6. SWC6 and ARP6 regulate hypocotyl elongation partly through PIFs in red light. PIFs and SWC6 coregulate the expression of auxin-responsive genes such as IAA6, IAA19, IAA20, and IAA29 and repress H2A.Z deposition at IAA6 and IAA19 in red light. Based on previous studies and our findings, we propose that PIFs inhibit photomorphogenesis, at least in part, through repression of H2A.Z deposition at auxin-responsive genes mediated by the interactions of PIFs with SWC6 and promotion of their expression in red light.
基金This project was supported by a grant from National Natural Sciences foundation of China(No.30271335).
文摘Objective: To explore the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines gene in human gliomas and its role in the genesis and development of human gliomas.Methods: Using IL-2 and IFNγ as Th1 type cytokines, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 as Th2 type cytokines, the biological activity of cytokines in the supernatant of glioma cell lines was assayed by ELISA method, and the gene expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in human glioma cells, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes and glioma cell lines were detected by RT-PCR.Results: There was predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines in human glioma cells, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes and glioma cell lines, but there was no such expression in normal brain tissues.Conclusion: It suggested that there is a relationship between the Th2 type cytokines expression in human gliomas and the immunosupressive status of human glioma patients. The predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines may play an important role in the genesis and development of human gliomas. Key words glioma - Th1/Th2 - gene expression - RT-PCR This project was supported by a grant from National Natural Sciences foundation of China (No. 30271335).
文摘AIN To study the relationship of Imp2 and DR3genes with type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus.NETHODS Imp2 genotypes and DR3 wereidentified in 68 patients with type Ⅰ diabetesmellitus(Ⅰ-DM)and 71 healthy controls.Then,Ⅰ-DM patients and controls were respectivelyallocated into DR3-positive and DR3-negativegroups.The frequencies of Imp2 and DR3 genein random subjects,and Imp2 genotypes in DR3-matched subjects were compared between Ⅰ-DMpatients and controls.At the same time,Ⅰ-DMpatients were divided into 3 groups based on theonset age of diabetics:group A≤14 years,group B 15-30 years and group C≥31 years.RESULTS The frequency of DR3 in Ⅰ-DMpatients was significantly higher than that incontrols(47% vs 21%,P【0.005),and it wassignificantly higher in group A than that in groupB+C(70% vs 36%,x^2=7.07,P【0.01).Therewas a significant difference among groups withdifferent onset age of diabetics(x^2=8.19,rp=0.33,P【0.05).In random subjects,thefrequency of Imp2.R/R in Ⅰ-DM patients waslower(43% vs 61%,P【0.05)and Imp2.R/Hhigher(53% vs 28%,P【0.05)than that incontrols,and there was no significant differenceamong groups with different onset age ofdiabetics.In DR3-positive subjects,thefrequency of Imp2.R/R in Ⅰ-DM patients waslower(47% vs 87%,P【0.05)and Imp2-R/H higher(47% vs 13%,P【0.05)than that incontrols.In DR3-negative subjects,thefrequency of Imp2.R/H in Ⅰ-DM patients washigher than that in controls(58% vs 32%,P【0.01),but the frequency of Imp2-R/R and Imp2H/H was not significantly different betweenthese two groups.CONCLUSION DR3 gene may be one of thesusceptible genes of Ⅰ-DM,and significantlyrelated to the onset age of diabetics,and thepersons with DR3 may have an younger onsetage of diabeteS.The Imp2-R/R may be theprotective genotype of Ⅰ-DM,and Imp2-R/H thesusceptible genotype.These were not affectedby DR3 gene.Imp-2 genotypes were not relatedwith the onset age of diabetics.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0800102)the Hubei Provincial Key Research and Development Program,China(2021BCA156)。
文摘Dynamic nitrification and denitrification processes are affected by changes in soil redox conditions,and they play a vital role in regulating soil N_(2)O emissions in rice-based cultivation.It is imperative to understand the influences of different upland crop planting systems on soil N_(2)O emissions.In this study,we focused on two representative rotation systems in Central China:rapeseed–rice(RR)and wheat–rice(WR).We examined the biotic and abiotic processes underlying the impacts of these upland plantings on soil N_(2)O emissions.The results revealed that during the rapeseed-cultivated seasons in the RR rotation system,the average N_(2)O emissions were 1.24±0.20 and 0.81±0.11 kg N ha^(–1)for the first and second seasons,respectively.These values were comparable to the N_(2)O emissions observed during the first and second wheat-cultivated seasons in the WR rotation system(0.98±0.25 and 0.70±0.04 kg N ha^(–1),respectively).This suggests that upland cultivation has minimal impacts on soil N_(2)O emissions in the two rotation systems.Strong positive correlations were found between N_(2)O fluxes and soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(–)),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),and the ratio of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC)to NO_(3)^(–)in both RR and WR rotation systems.Moreover,the presence of the AOA-amoA and nirK genes were positively associated with soil N_(2)O fluxes in the RR and WR systems,respectively.This implies that these genes may have different potential roles in facilitating microbial N_(2)O production in various upland plantation models.By using a structural equation model,we found that soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA gene accounted for over 50%of the effects on N_(2)O emissions in the RR rotation system.In the WR rotation system,soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA and nirK genes had a combined impact of over 70%on N_(2)O emissions.These findings demonstrate the interactive effects of functional genes and soil factors,including soil physical characteristics,available carbon and nitrogen,and their ratio,on soil N_(2)O emissions during upland cultivation seasons under rice-upland rotations.
基金Project (No. SP 135/14-1) supported by the Deutsche Forschungs-gemeinschaft,Germany
文摘The purpose of this study was to examine the induction profiles （as judged by quantitative reverse tran- scription polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR）） of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor （PPAR） α,β, y subtypes and major PPAR-target genes bearing a functional peroxisome proliferator responsive element （PPRE） in HepG2 cell model upon feeding with cis-9,trans-11-octadecadienoic acid （9-CLA） or trans-10,cis-12-octadecadienoic acid （10-CLA） or their precursor fatty acids （FAs）. HepG2 cells were treated with 100 pmol/L 9-CLA or 10-CLA or their precursor FAs, viz., oleic, linoleic, and trans-11-vaccenic acids against bezafibrate control to evaluate the induc- tion/expression profiles of PPAR （α, β, γ subtypes and major PPAR-target genes bearing a functional PPRE, i.e., fatty acid transporter （FAT）, glucose transporter-2 （GLUT-2）, liver-type FA binding protein （L-FABP）, acyl CoA oxidase-1 （ACOX-1）, and peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme （PBE） with reference to β-actin as house keeping gene. Of the three housekeeping genes （glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase （GAPDH）, β-actin, and ubiquitin）, β-actin was found to be stable. Dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO）, the common solubilizer of agonists, showed a significantly higher induction of genes analyzed, qRT-PCR profiles of CLAs and their precursor FAs clearly showed upregulation of FAT, GLUT-2, and L-FABP （-0.5-.0-fold）. Compared to 10-CLA, 9-CLA decreased the induction of the FA metabolizing gene ACOX-1 less than did PBE, while 10-CLA decreased the induction of PBE less than did ACOX-I. Both CLAs and precursor FAs upregulated PPRE-beadng genes, but with comparatively less or marginal activation of PPAR subtypes This indicates that the binding of CLAs and their precursor FAs to PPAR subtypes results in PPAR activation, thereby induction of the target transporter genes coupled with downstream lipid metabolising genes such as ACOX-1 and PBE. To sum up, the expression profiles of these candidate genes showed that CLAs and their precursor FAs are involved in lipid signalling by modulating the PPAR a, 13, or ~ subtype for the indirect activation of the PPAR-target genes, which may in turn be responsible for the supposed health effects of CLA, and that care should be taken while calculating the actual fold induction values of candidate genes with reference to housekeeping gene and DMSO as they may impart false positive results.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China (2012BAK08B07)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31201919)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the type III effector tccP and tccP2 genes in Escherichia coli O157：H7 from Chinese water-chestnut. [Method] Gene-specific and locus-specific primers were utilized to amplify tccP/tccP2 and their flanking regions for sequence analysis. [Result] E. coli O157：H7 CWN11 harbored intact tccP and tccP2 genes, however, the number of proline-rich repeats in tccP gene was only one that probably resulted in biological incapability, whereas, the tccP2 gene consisted of five and half proline-rich repeats and could encode functional protein. [Conclusion] Here, we reported the first sequence of tccP gene that consisted of only one proline-rich repeat and tccP2 was assumed to play a crucial role in colonization and subsequent signaling cascades.
基金Supported by Key Specific Program for Science and Technology of Guangdong Province (2008B020700003 A2007A020400006)~~
文摘[ Objective] The study aimed to lay a foundation for the further studies on function mechanism of NS1 protein in the interspecies transmission of waterfowl influenza virus. [Method] Using the serologic assay and the specific RT-PCR method, some strains of H9 subtype waterfowl influenza virus were isolated from the 12 to 20 day-old muscovy duck flocks without any clinical symptoms in different areas of Guangdong Province. Four of these strains, including A/duck/ZQ/303/2007（H9N2） （A3 for short）, A/Duck/FJ/301/2007 （H9N2） （C1 for short）, A/Duck/NH/306/2007（H9N2） （ D6 for short）, A/duck/SS/402/2007（H9N2） （ E2 for short）, and a strain named A/duck/ZC/2007（H9N2） （L1 for short） from a muscovy duck died of avian influenza virus （AIV）, were used for NSl gene cloning and sequencing. Subsequently, the obtained NSl gene sequences were compared with other NS1 sequences registered in GenBank, and the phylogenetic analysis was also conducted. [Result] When compared with the H9N2 AIV NS1 sequences in GenBank, the NSl genes of the four AIV strains A3, C1, 136 and E2 displayed homologies ranging from 99% to 100% at nucleotide level, and 95% to 100% at amino acid level; while the NSl gene of L1 strain displayed homology ranging from 94% to 97% at nucleotide level, and 93% to 98% at amino acid level. The phylogenetic tree demonstrated that A3, C1, D6 and E2 were highly resemblant, and L1 was closest to AY66473 （chicken, 2003）. By comparison with the NS1 gene sequences of L1, AF523514 （duck）, AY664743 （chicken） and EF155262.1 （quail） using DNAstar, A3, C1, D6 and E.2 presented nucleotide variations at site 21 （ R→Q）, 70, 71 （ KE→EG）, 86 （ A→S）, 124 （V→M） and 225 （ S→N）, and amino acid variations at site 21,70, 71 and 86 in dsRNA- dependent protein kinase （PKR） binding domain of NSl gene, which induced the evident variations of antigenic determinant and surface proba- bility plot of NS1 protein. [ Conclusion] This study suggested that the amino acid sequence variation in PKR binding domain of NS1 protein had something to do with the virus pathogenicity.
文摘The expressions of HBV X gene and ets-2, IGF-I, c-myc and N-ras were studied in 7 pairs of human primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) and tumor-adjacent tissues, using RNA hybridization and im-munoblot methods. The results showed that specific 17 and 28 kD HBV X gene products (HBxAg) were existed in a portion of PHC and tumor-adjacent tissues. The 17 kD HBxAg was detected in the sera of 3 patients who also had 17 kD HBxAg in their liver tissues. Multiple expressions of oncogenes such as ets-2, c-myc and N-ras were observed in PHC and tumor-adjacent tissues that had HBxAg expressed, indicating HBxAg might function as a transactivator in the course of intracellular proto-oncogene activation. It is also observed that in some tumor-adjacnet tissues the expressions of ets-2, c-myc and N-ras were higher than those in corresponding PHC. The relationship of HBxAg to the expression of est-2, IGF-Ⅱ, c-myc and their possible roles in the carcinogenesis of PHC are discussed.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of Fig fruit powder and olive on hepatic,renal and splenic injury induced by 2-nitropropane(2-NP)in mice,especially if they were used in combination.METHODS:A total of 40 adult BALB/c male mice weighting 25-30 g/each.Mice were categorized into five groups(8 each).Group 1 as negative control.Group 2 as positive control group intraperitoneally injected with 2-NP(100 mg/kg b.w.)3 times/weekly for eight weeks.Group 3 injected with 2-NP and were orally supplemented with Fig(300 mg/kg).Group 4 injected with 2-NP and were orally supplemented with olive(100 mg/kg).Group 5 injected with 2-NP and were orally supplemented with mixture of Fig and olive(3∶1 respectively).RESULTS:Histopathological observation of liver in mice treated with 2-NP showed cellular degeneration,pyknosis,and congestion of the portal vein.In kidney there were disorganization of the cortical tissues,cellular necrosis and plenty of inflammatory lymphocytic aggregation.Significant elevations in liver function parameters(alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase),m RNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and cyclooxygenase were detected as anti-inflammatory markers and 5-lipoxygenase,interleukin-1βand interleukin-6 as inflammatory biomarkers for liver and spleen,also significant elevations was detected in lipid peroxidation levels.The levels of antioxidants,glutathione,glutathione peroxidase,catalase and superoxide dismutase were significantly decreased.CONCLUSION:our findings indicated that Fig fruit powder and olive protected against hepatic,renal and splenic injury induced with 2-NP in mice,especially if they were used in combination.
文摘Heavy metals such nickel (Ni) can cause toxicity by 1) displacing essential components in the biomolecules, 2) blocking the functional group of molecules, or 3) modifying enzymes, proteins, the plasma membrane, and membrane transporters. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of nickel (Ni) on gene expression of nitrate on gene expression with a focus on the genes coding for the high affinity Ni transporter family protein </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">AT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">G</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">16800, and natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRAMP</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). Ni toxicity was assessed by treating seedlings with an aqueous solution of nickel nitrate salt [Ni(NO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">] at the concentrations of 150 mg, 800 mg, and 1600 mg of nickel per 1 kg of dry soil. RT-qPCR was used to measure the expression of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">AT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">G</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">16800, and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRAMP</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> genes in samples treated with nickel nitrates and controls. The results revealed that </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P.</span></i> </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">glauca</span></i><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is resistant to Ni based on lack of plant damage at all nickel concentrations. Ni has no effect on the expression of the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">AT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">G</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">16800 gene in needles or roots. However, it induced an upregulation of the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRAMP</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> genes in roots at all the doses tested (150 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, and 1600 mg/kg). On the other hand, Ni has no effect on the expression of the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NRAMP</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> gene in needle but the lowest dose of potassium (150 mg/kg) upregulated this gene in needle tissues.
文摘Plants have evolved and perfected a series of light receptors to feel the light at different bands and regulate the expression, modification and interaction of related genes in plants through signal transduction. So far, many photoreceptors have been identified in plants, UVR8 has recently been identified as a receptor for UV-B light. This paper cloned a WD40 gene related to UVR8 protein subunit, named RrRUP2, based on the Rosa rugose transcriptome data, using Rosa rugose “Zi zhi” as experimental materials. The full length of cDNA of the gene was obtained by RT-PCR and RACE methods. The total length of this gene is 1173 bp, and it encodes 390 amino acids. After bioinformatics analysis, the molecular formula C3415H5659N1173O1434S313 was predicted;the relative molecular weight was 96129.27 Da;the theoretical isoelectric point PI value was 5.00;and its instability index was 47.06. The total average hydrophobic index was 0.750. In the secondary structure of RrRUP2 protein, there are 10 α-helix, 45 β-helix, 181 Random coil, and 154 Extended strand. Gene Bank Blast results showed that the amino acid sequence encoded by RrRUP2 was more than 90% homologous with the RUP2 protein of Rosa chinensis, Fragaria, Malus, Pyrus, Prunus, Juglans, Arabidopsis and Tobacco, so it can be inferred that the RrRUP2 gene is a WD repeat-containing protein. Regarding to fluorescence quantitative expression analysis of RrRUP2, we find its experssion pattern is corresponded with the accumulation of anthocyanins.
基金This work was financially sup-ported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC Nos:22171212,21771140,51771138,51979194)International Corporation Project of Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology by China(No.21160710300)International Exchange Grant(IEC/NSFC/201078)through Royal Society UK and NSFC.
文摘Trifunctional Cu-mesh/Cu_(2)O@FeO nanoarrays heterostructure is designed and fabricated by integrating CuCu_(2)O@FeO nanoarrays onto Cu-mesh(CM)via an in situ growth and phase transformation process.It is successfully applied to efficiently mitigate the antibiotic pollution,including degradation of antibiotics,inactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria(ARB),and damage of antibiotics resistance genes(ARGs).Under visible-light irradiation,CM/CuCu_(2)O@FeO nanoarrays exhibit a superior degradation efficiency on antibiotics(e.g.,up to 99%in 25 min for tetracycline hydrochloride,TC),due to the generated reactive oxygen species(ROS),especially the dominant·O^(2−).It can fully inactivate E.coli(HB101)with initial number of~108 CFU mL^(−1) in 10 min,which is mainly attributed to the synergistic effects of 1D nanostructure,dissolved metal ions,and generated ROS.Meanwhile,it is able to damage ARGs after 180 min of photodegradation,including tetA(vs TC)of 3.3 log 10,aphA(vs kanamycin sulfate,KAN)of 3.4 log 10,and tnpA(vs ampicillin,AMP)of 4.4 log 10,respectively.This work explores a green way for treating antibiotic pollution under visible light.
文摘Objective: To investigate the correlation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RunX2) with proliferation genes, tumor suppressor genes and angiogenesis molecules in colon cancer lesions. Methods: A total of 90 patients with primary colon cancer were enrolled in colon cancer group, 68 patients with benign colon polyps were enrolled in colon polyps group, the differences in the expression levels of RunX2, proliferation genes, tumor suppressor genes and angiogenesis molecules in the two groups of lesions were compared, and Pearson test was further used to evaluate the correlation of RunX2 expression level with proliferation gene, tumor suppressor gene and angiogenesis molecule expression levels in colon cancer tissues. Results: RunX2 mRNA expression level in the lesions of colon cancer group was higher than that of colon polyps group. Proliferation genes GTPBP4, HOXB7, ZNF331, ADAM17 and HSP60 mRNA expression levels in the lesions of colon cancer group were higher than those of colon polyps group;tumor suppressor genes ATF3, FOXN3, OTUD1 and NDRG2 mRNA expression levels were lower than those of colon polyps group;angiogenesis molecules Musashi 1, NF-κB, RegⅣ and STAT3 mRNA expression levels were higher than those of colon polyps group. RunX2 mRNA expression level in the colon cancer lesions was directly correlated with the expression levels of the above proliferation genes, tumor suppressor genes and angiogenesis molecules. Conclusion: RunX2 expression is abnormally high in colon cancer lesions, the specific expression level is positively correlated with cancer cell proliferation activity and angiogenesis activity, and it is an important molecular target that can lead to the occurrence and development of colon cancer.
文摘<strong>Background</strong>: <span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Knowledge of HER2/Neu and BRCA1 Genes might be helpful for development of strategies for decreasing the burden of risk of breast cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study to detect the role of HER2/Neu and BRCA1 Genes expression in diagnosis of breast cancer in Sudanese women. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: A total of 100 tissue samples obtained from patients with breast cancer in addition to 50 tissue samples obtained from patients with benign breast lesions, were detected the expression of HER2/Neu and BRCA1 Genes by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The prevalence of HER2/Neu and BRCA1 Genes, among cases was 6%, and 10% respectively</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> HER2/Neu and BRCA1 Genes have a considerable contribution to etiology of breast cancer in Sudan that requires further consideration.</span></span>
基金in part funded by a 2015 research fund from Chungnam National University
文摘Dear Editor,Influenza A viruses cause pandemics at an interval of approximately 10-40 years,and pigs are regarded as a＂mixing vessel＂because they are easily infected with avian and human influenza viruses（Ito et al.,1998）.According to previous studies,H3N2,H1N2,and H1N1 subtypes o（swine influenza viruses have been detected in Korean pigs （Pascua et al., 2013; Kim et al., 2014; Song et al., 2007）. Moreover, a novel H3N2 influenza virus containing the matrix （34） gene from a 2009 pandemic influenza virus was detected in Korean pigs in 2013 （Pascua et al., 2013）, an H1N2 influenza virus con- taining the internal genes from a 2009 pandemic influ- enza virus was found in Korean pigs in 2014 （Kim et al., 2014）, and an H1N1 influenza virus containing all genes from the classical swine influenza viruses was isolated from Korean pigs in 2007 （Song et al., 2007）.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81702777Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.2015A030310053
文摘BACKGROUND Growth arrest-specific gene 2(GAS2)plays a role in modulating in reversible growth arrest cell cycle,apoptosis,and cell survival.GAS2 protein is universally expressed in most normal tissues,particularly in the liver,but is depleted in some tumor tissues.However,the functional mechanisms of GAS2 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are not fully defined.AIM To investigate the function and mechanism of GAS2 in HCC.METHODS GAS2 expression in clinic liver and HCC specimens was analyzed by real-time PCR and western blotting.Cell proliferation was analyzed by counting,MTS,and colony formation assays.Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry.Cell apoptosis was investigated by Annexin V apoptosis assay and western blotting.RESULTS GAS2 protein expression was lower in HCC than in normal tissues.Overexpression of GAS2 inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells with wide-type p53,while knockdown of GAS2 promoted the proliferation of hepatocytes(P<0.05).Furthermore,GAS2 overexpression impeded the G1-to-S cell cycle transition and arrested more G1 cells,particularly the elevation of sub G1(P<0.01).Apoptosis induced by GAS2 was dependent on p53,which was increased by etoposide addition.The expression of p53 and apoptosis markers was further enhanced when GAS2 was upregulated,but became diminished upon downregulation of GAS2.In the clinic specimen,GAS2 was downregulated in more than 60%of HCCs.The average fold changes of GAS2 expression in tumor tissues were significantly lower than those in paired non-tumor tissues(P<0.05).CONCLUSION GAS2 plays a vital role in HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis,possibly by regulating the cell cycle and p53-dependent apoptosis pathway.
文摘To determine the pathogenic potential of the leptospiral flagella-associated proteins, the genes flhA and flhB2 encoding the biosynthesis of flagella of leptospira interrogans serogroup icterohaemor- rhagiae serovar lai stain 56601 were cloned and their prokaryotic expression systems were constructed. It was demonstrated that the cloned flhA and flhB2 genes had 2118 bp in length and showed 100% and 99.9% of homologies in their nucleotide sequences and 100% and 98.8% of homologies in their putative amino acid sequences respectively, in comparison with those of previously reported. The prokaryotic expression systems under the induction with IPTG could efficiently express the target proteins rFlhA and rFlhB2 with the outputs of approximate 10% of the total bacterial proteins. Based on the sequences of the cloned genes flhA and flhB2, the structural features in associated with pathogenesis and the functions of the target proteins were analyzed with bioinformatics softwares, in which the FlhA was found to have 7 major transmembrane helices, while the FlhB2 had 5 ones. The conserved domains in the FlhA showed high similarity to those of the FHIPEP of the other bacterial FlhA and EscV families, but the conserved domains in the FlhB2 were similar to those of bac-export-2 and EscU families, EscV and EscU families being the protein products of the type IR secretion system in association with pathogenesis. The FlhA and FlhB2 also contained protein kinase C （PKC） and protein tyrosine kinase （PTK） phosphorylation sites, indicating that PKC and PTK of host cells were involved in the internalization and intracellular proliferation in the pathogenesis of microorganisms. All these data leads to a conclusion that the flhA and flhB2 genes of L. interrogans are relatively conserved and their gene products have great potential in the pathogenesis of this organism.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2007CB707805)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2006AA020101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30470047and 30200007)
文摘The widely used herbicide glyphosate targets 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase(EPSPS).Glyphosate acetyltransferase(GAT)effectively detoxifies glyphosate by N-acetylation.With the aim of identifying a new strategy for development of glyphosate-tolerant crops,the plant expression vector pG2-GAT harboring gat and G2-aroA(encoding EPSPS)has been transformed into tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum)to develop novel plants with higher tolerance to glyphosate.Results from Southern and Western blotting analyses indicated that the target genes were integrated into tobacco chromosomes and expressed effectively at the protein level.Glyphosate tolerance was compared among transgenic tobacco plants containing gat,G2-aroA,or both genes.Plants containing both gat and G2-aroA genes were the most glyphosate-tolerant.This study has shown that a combination of different strategies may result in higher tolerance in transgenic crops,providing a new approach for development of glyphosate-tolerant crops.
