Background: Surgical drains are used in at least half of all surgical operations world-wide. The gold standard for the fixation of drains to the skin is currently the “Roman garter” (RG) technique, which involves kn...Background: Surgical drains are used in at least half of all surgical operations world-wide. The gold standard for the fixation of drains to the skin is currently the “Roman garter” (RG) technique, which involves knotting a suture around the drain. Its disadvantages include the time to perform the technique, possible loosening and accidental removal, and bacterial infection with biofilm formation if left in place for weeks. Methods: The Elist Drain Retainer (EDR) has been developed, and it consists of a short plastic tube bent to 90° with a side slit for the drain, fixed to a mounting patch with adhesive and an antiseptic. Results: In a clinical trial comparing 25 drain attachments with the RG versus 25 drain attachments with the new EDR, the former took an average of five minutes and the EDR took an average of one minute to place. Loosening occurred in five (20%) drains and accidental removal occurred in four (16%) for the RG group versus no incidences of loosening or accidental removal in the EDR group. Self-removal of the EDR was possible for seven (28%) patients. Conclusion: The EDR demonstrated a clear advantage over the RG in all tested parameters. The lack of instruments and the possibility of self-removal of the EDR when a drain is needed are particularly advantageous features.展开更多
英国的封爵起源于14世纪中期,1350年始创的 the Order ofthe Garter(嘉德勋衔)至今仍是英国历史最悠久,地位最高的勋位。英国的勋衔可分为三大类:一是royal orders,赐封予皇族或最高贵族;二是 noble or family orders,赐予一般贵族;三是...英国的封爵起源于14世纪中期,1350年始创的 the Order ofthe Garter(嘉德勋衔)至今仍是英国历史最悠久,地位最高的勋位。英国的勋衔可分为三大类:一是royal orders,赐封予皇族或最高贵族;二是 noble or family orders,赐予一般贵族;三是orders of merit,赐予有重大贡献的人士。皇族的和贵族的勋衔共分五等:公爵 Duke(Duchess),侯爵 Marquis(Marchioness),展开更多
企业资源计划ERP(Enterprise Resources Planning)是由美国Garter Group Inc.咨询公司首先提出的。其宗旨是以市场为导向,对企业所拥有的资源(人、财、物、信息等)进行综合平衡和优化管理,使企业在激烈的市场竞争中全方位地发挥自身潜能...企业资源计划ERP(Enterprise Resources Planning)是由美国Garter Group Inc.咨询公司首先提出的。其宗旨是以市场为导向,对企业所拥有的资源(人、财、物、信息等)进行综合平衡和优化管理,使企业在激烈的市场竞争中全方位地发挥自身潜能,取得最大的经济效益。ERP理论的形成大致经历了物料需求计划阶段(基本MRP)、闭环MRP阶段、制造资源计划(MRP-展开更多
文摘Background: Surgical drains are used in at least half of all surgical operations world-wide. The gold standard for the fixation of drains to the skin is currently the “Roman garter” (RG) technique, which involves knotting a suture around the drain. Its disadvantages include the time to perform the technique, possible loosening and accidental removal, and bacterial infection with biofilm formation if left in place for weeks. Methods: The Elist Drain Retainer (EDR) has been developed, and it consists of a short plastic tube bent to 90° with a side slit for the drain, fixed to a mounting patch with adhesive and an antiseptic. Results: In a clinical trial comparing 25 drain attachments with the RG versus 25 drain attachments with the new EDR, the former took an average of five minutes and the EDR took an average of one minute to place. Loosening occurred in five (20%) drains and accidental removal occurred in four (16%) for the RG group versus no incidences of loosening or accidental removal in the EDR group. Self-removal of the EDR was possible for seven (28%) patients. Conclusion: The EDR demonstrated a clear advantage over the RG in all tested parameters. The lack of instruments and the possibility of self-removal of the EDR when a drain is needed are particularly advantageous features.
文摘英国的封爵起源于14世纪中期,1350年始创的 the Order ofthe Garter(嘉德勋衔)至今仍是英国历史最悠久,地位最高的勋位。英国的勋衔可分为三大类:一是royal orders,赐封予皇族或最高贵族;二是 noble or family orders,赐予一般贵族;三是orders of merit,赐予有重大贡献的人士。皇族的和贵族的勋衔共分五等:公爵 Duke(Duchess),侯爵 Marquis(Marchioness),
文摘企业资源计划ERP(Enterprise Resources Planning)是由美国Garter Group Inc.咨询公司首先提出的。其宗旨是以市场为导向,对企业所拥有的资源(人、财、物、信息等)进行综合平衡和优化管理,使企业在激烈的市场竞争中全方位地发挥自身潜能,取得最大的经济效益。ERP理论的形成大致经历了物料需求计划阶段(基本MRP)、闭环MRP阶段、制造资源计划(MRP-
