When individuals are not good at grasping coincidence events in the gambling mechanism,they take particular note of lay beliefs in luck.Among the lay beliefs in luck,that concerning“strength of luck”is often specifi...When individuals are not good at grasping coincidence events in the gambling mechanism,they take particular note of lay beliefs in luck.Among the lay beliefs in luck,that concerning“strength of luck”is often specific for gambling behavior.We conducted a survey that compared gamblers and non-gamblers,and examined whether this way of thinking is related to gambling addiction.An Internet survey was completed by 550 people.A cluster analysis based on gambling frequency extracted three clusters(non-,moderate-,and heavy-gambler groups).The South Oaks Gambling Screen(SOGS)score was highest in the heavy-gambler group.Differences were seen in three items:a belief in differences in luck among individuals;a belief in the“flow of Tsuki(in luck)”;and conscious behaviors regarding luck.For all three,the scores of the moderate-and heavy-gambler groups tended to be higher than those of the non-gambler group.Regarding“strength of luck”and“strength of luck in gambling”,the heavy-gambler group perceived that they had the strongest luck,followed,in order,by the moderate-and non-gambler groups.These three factors could lead to sustained gambling behavior.Those who felt that their“strength of luck in gambling”was strong tended to be pathological gamblers.This result supports a previous study.展开更多
1 Originally published in 1993,To Live,a novel by Chinese author Yu Hua has since gained international recognition for its raw emotional depth and exploration of themes like fate,endurance and the essence of humanity....1 Originally published in 1993,To Live,a novel by Chinese author Yu Hua has since gained international recognition for its raw emotional depth and exploration of themes like fate,endurance and the essence of humanity.2 The novel follows the life of Xu Fugui,a once⁃wealthy landowner who lost his fortune through gambling(赌博).As his status shifted to that of a peasant,he witnessed the rapid changes of society.Despite enduring relentless hardship,Fugui survived,finding moments of comfort in small and everyday acts of perseverance.展开更多
The tough U.S. stance on Iran could trigger another round of games that is more perilous than the one it played in Iraq The United States has taken a number of steps against Iran recently, arresting and detaining five...The tough U.S. stance on Iran could trigger another round of games that is more perilous than the one it played in Iraq The United States has taken a number of steps against Iran recently, arresting and detaining five Iranian consular staffers in Erbil, north Iraq,freezing all the assets of Bank Sepah within the United States and sending a second aircraft carrier to the Gulf region.News reports predicting a U.S. military strike on Iran have run wild, with some Arabic media speculating that Washington has decided to launch an attack from the sea before April.展开更多
Objective:Gambling is a complex topic in relation to health systems.It is always unclear how to strike a balance between the gambling economy and the impact of gambling on public health or social wellbeing at any age....Objective:Gambling is a complex topic in relation to health systems.It is always unclear how to strike a balance between the gambling economy and the impact of gambling on public health or social wellbeing at any age.There are limited studies considering the association between determinants of gambling and the life expectancy of the ageing population in a country.From an evaluation perspective,this article aims to demonstrate the correlation between life expectancy and gambling and public health systems.Methods:The approach of analysis has two parts.One is the influence of gambling prevalence in populations on life expectancy among old adults.Another is the association between the effect of changes in legal gambling provisions within public health systems and life expectancy among old adults.Healthy adjusted life expectancy at age 60 from the World Health Organization and gross gambling yield were used.ANOVA was performed with SPSS.Results:The population groups with HALE at age 60 of 15 years or over are likely more active in gambling than the population groups with smaller HALE at age 60 of 14 years or less.On the other hand,the influence of a health policy may be sidelined when it is implemented for older adult populations because the resource distribution magnitude or number of strategical techniques may not be the same for younger adult populations.The study here is marked as a good practical start,and there is room for further research with big data analysis on additional gambling variables against other life expectancy variables,quality of life variables or public health system variables.Conclusion:Associations between the determinants of gambling and the life expectancy of the ageing population in a country have not yet been identified.Continuous measurements of policy implementation and effectiveness and assessments of health equity,while gambling policies worldwide continue to change,have not yet been performed.Researchers and policy makers should understand the importance of holistic integration of the gambling economy and policy within a public health and social paradigm with the help of big data insights to achieve sustainability in their cities and health equity in their communities.展开更多
One in five Americans experience symptoms associated with at least one mental health disorder every year. These include behavioral addictions, which have long been overlooked despite their similar neural bases with su...One in five Americans experience symptoms associated with at least one mental health disorder every year. These include behavioral addictions, which have long been overlooked despite their similar neural bases with substance addictions. Gambling addiction, a type of behavioral addiction, deserves particular attention given the significant negative effects, this addiction has on financial and interpersonal health. The purpose of this paper is to review the available literature concerning the behavioral and neural processes involved in gambling addiction, including: the anticipation of reward, the role of dopamine, and the neural substrates of the decision-making processes involved in gambling addiction. Market research has also identified solutions that integrate applied neuroscience and self-tracking systems to monitor and manage mental health issues associated with gambling addiction. The authors then propose a gambling treatment-focused mobile app solution that addresses outstanding issues with a special design aimed at reversing plasticity in order to relieve the effects of gambling addiction. .展开更多
Heavy rainfall is one of the most frequent and widespread severe weather hazards that affect Sylhet city. In Sylhet, nine natural channels locally called “chara” are mainly responsible for the drainage of heavy rain...Heavy rainfall is one of the most frequent and widespread severe weather hazards that affect Sylhet city. In Sylhet, nine natural channels locally called “chara” are mainly responsible for the drainage of heavy rainfall to the Surma River. The present condition of this natural drainage is not feasible due to the unplanned land development and manipulation by people. So water logging is a common scenario of Sylhet city. Many parts of Sylhet city are experiencing the severe inundation problem due to heavy rainfall. Time series analysis of rainfall data (1974-2015) is important for knowing and predicting of rainfall variation. Mann-Kendall analysis showed no trend for monthly and yearly rainfall data. The rainfall intensity of Sylhet is higher than other districts of Bangladesh. In this study, IDF (Intensity Duration Frequency) curve has been developed that is commonly used in engineering planning and design. By using IDF curve, ArcGIS software, DEM map, and normal discharge, maximum discharge for a different point of Mongoli chara and Bolramer chara has been calculated (for 25 years return period). Discharge through Mongoli chara and Bolramer chara has been represented in ArcMap using ordinary kriging. To keep the catchment of those chara free from inundation and water logging problem, this calculated discharge needed to be managed.展开更多
Despite uncertainty over the international order,China and the US are increasingly creating a bipolar world.Compared with the former US?Soviet Union bipolarity,primary components of the Sino-US bipolar structure are e...Despite uncertainty over the international order,China and the US are increasingly creating a bipolar world.Compared with the former US?Soviet Union bipolarity,primary components of the Sino-US bipolar structure are economy,trade,finance,technology,culture,development model,and value.The complexity of the new bipolarity is a test for national strength,strategy and wisdom.Continuing to analyze the development of the international order will be crucial to assessing the international strategic situation and diplomatic policy-making.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gambling disorder is characterized by excessive and recurrent gambling and can have serious negative social consequences.Although several psychotherapeutic and pharmacological approaches have been used to t...BACKGROUND Gambling disorder is characterized by excessive and recurrent gambling and can have serious negative social consequences.Although several psychotherapeutic and pharmacological approaches have been used to treat gambling disorder,new treatment strategies are needed.Growing evidence suggests that dopamine D3 receptor plays a specific role in the brain reward system.AIM To investigate if blonanserin,a dopamine D3 receptor antagonist,would be effective in reducing gambling impulses in patients with gambling disorder.METHODS We developed a study protocol to measure the efficacy and safety of blonanserin as a potential drug for gambling disorder,in which up to 12 mg/d of blonanserin was prescribed for 8 wk.RESULTS A 37-year-old female patient with gambling disorder,intellectual disability,and other physical diseases participated in the pilot study.The case showed improvement of gambling symptoms without any psychotherapy.However,blonanserin was discontinued owing to excessive saliva production.CONCLUSION This case suggests that blonanserin is potentially an effective treatment for patients with gambling disorder who resist standard therapies,but it also carries a risk of adverse effects. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings.展开更多
Cybercrimes have become an eye-catching social problem in not only China but also other countries of the world. Cybercrimes can be divided into two categories and different kinds of cybercrimes shall be treated differ...Cybercrimes have become an eye-catching social problem in not only China but also other countries of the world. Cybercrimes can be divided into two categories and different kinds of cybercrimes shall be treated differently. In this article, some typical cybercrimes are introduced in detail in order to set forth the characteristics of those cybercrimes. However, to defeat cybercrimes, joint efforts from countries all over the world shall be made.展开更多
The relapse of methamphetamine (meth) is associated with decision-making dysfunction. The present study aims to investigate theimpact of different emotions on the decision-making behavior of meth users. We used 2 (gen...The relapse of methamphetamine (meth) is associated with decision-making dysfunction. The present study aims to investigate theimpact of different emotions on the decision-making behavior of meth users. We used 2 (gender: male, female) × 3 (emotion:positive, negative, neutral) × 5 (block: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) mixed experiment design. The study involved 168 meth users who weredivided into three groups: positive emotion, negative emotion and neutral emotion group, and tested by the emotional IowaGambling Task (IGT). The IGT performance of male users exhibited a decreasing trend from Block 1 to Block 3. Female methusers in positive emotion had the best performance in IGT than females in the other two groups. In positive emotion, the IGTperformance of female meth users was significantly better than that of men. Female meth users in positive emotion had betterdecision-making than those in negative or neutral emotion. Female meth users in positive emotion had better decision-makingperformance than males in positive emotion. In negative and neutral emotions, there was no significant gender difference indecision-making.展开更多
文摘When individuals are not good at grasping coincidence events in the gambling mechanism,they take particular note of lay beliefs in luck.Among the lay beliefs in luck,that concerning“strength of luck”is often specific for gambling behavior.We conducted a survey that compared gamblers and non-gamblers,and examined whether this way of thinking is related to gambling addiction.An Internet survey was completed by 550 people.A cluster analysis based on gambling frequency extracted three clusters(non-,moderate-,and heavy-gambler groups).The South Oaks Gambling Screen(SOGS)score was highest in the heavy-gambler group.Differences were seen in three items:a belief in differences in luck among individuals;a belief in the“flow of Tsuki(in luck)”;and conscious behaviors regarding luck.For all three,the scores of the moderate-and heavy-gambler groups tended to be higher than those of the non-gambler group.Regarding“strength of luck”and“strength of luck in gambling”,the heavy-gambler group perceived that they had the strongest luck,followed,in order,by the moderate-and non-gambler groups.These three factors could lead to sustained gambling behavior.Those who felt that their“strength of luck in gambling”was strong tended to be pathological gamblers.This result supports a previous study.
文摘1 Originally published in 1993,To Live,a novel by Chinese author Yu Hua has since gained international recognition for its raw emotional depth and exploration of themes like fate,endurance and the essence of humanity.2 The novel follows the life of Xu Fugui,a once⁃wealthy landowner who lost his fortune through gambling(赌博).As his status shifted to that of a peasant,he witnessed the rapid changes of society.Despite enduring relentless hardship,Fugui survived,finding moments of comfort in small and everyday acts of perseverance.
文摘The tough U.S. stance on Iran could trigger another round of games that is more perilous than the one it played in Iraq The United States has taken a number of steps against Iran recently, arresting and detaining five Iranian consular staffers in Erbil, north Iraq,freezing all the assets of Bank Sepah within the United States and sending a second aircraft carrier to the Gulf region.News reports predicting a U.S. military strike on Iran have run wild, with some Arabic media speculating that Washington has decided to launch an attack from the sea before April.
文摘Objective:Gambling is a complex topic in relation to health systems.It is always unclear how to strike a balance between the gambling economy and the impact of gambling on public health or social wellbeing at any age.There are limited studies considering the association between determinants of gambling and the life expectancy of the ageing population in a country.From an evaluation perspective,this article aims to demonstrate the correlation between life expectancy and gambling and public health systems.Methods:The approach of analysis has two parts.One is the influence of gambling prevalence in populations on life expectancy among old adults.Another is the association between the effect of changes in legal gambling provisions within public health systems and life expectancy among old adults.Healthy adjusted life expectancy at age 60 from the World Health Organization and gross gambling yield were used.ANOVA was performed with SPSS.Results:The population groups with HALE at age 60 of 15 years or over are likely more active in gambling than the population groups with smaller HALE at age 60 of 14 years or less.On the other hand,the influence of a health policy may be sidelined when it is implemented for older adult populations because the resource distribution magnitude or number of strategical techniques may not be the same for younger adult populations.The study here is marked as a good practical start,and there is room for further research with big data analysis on additional gambling variables against other life expectancy variables,quality of life variables or public health system variables.Conclusion:Associations between the determinants of gambling and the life expectancy of the ageing population in a country have not yet been identified.Continuous measurements of policy implementation and effectiveness and assessments of health equity,while gambling policies worldwide continue to change,have not yet been performed.Researchers and policy makers should understand the importance of holistic integration of the gambling economy and policy within a public health and social paradigm with the help of big data insights to achieve sustainability in their cities and health equity in their communities.
文摘One in five Americans experience symptoms associated with at least one mental health disorder every year. These include behavioral addictions, which have long been overlooked despite their similar neural bases with substance addictions. Gambling addiction, a type of behavioral addiction, deserves particular attention given the significant negative effects, this addiction has on financial and interpersonal health. The purpose of this paper is to review the available literature concerning the behavioral and neural processes involved in gambling addiction, including: the anticipation of reward, the role of dopamine, and the neural substrates of the decision-making processes involved in gambling addiction. Market research has also identified solutions that integrate applied neuroscience and self-tracking systems to monitor and manage mental health issues associated with gambling addiction. The authors then propose a gambling treatment-focused mobile app solution that addresses outstanding issues with a special design aimed at reversing plasticity in order to relieve the effects of gambling addiction. .
文摘Heavy rainfall is one of the most frequent and widespread severe weather hazards that affect Sylhet city. In Sylhet, nine natural channels locally called “chara” are mainly responsible for the drainage of heavy rainfall to the Surma River. The present condition of this natural drainage is not feasible due to the unplanned land development and manipulation by people. So water logging is a common scenario of Sylhet city. Many parts of Sylhet city are experiencing the severe inundation problem due to heavy rainfall. Time series analysis of rainfall data (1974-2015) is important for knowing and predicting of rainfall variation. Mann-Kendall analysis showed no trend for monthly and yearly rainfall data. The rainfall intensity of Sylhet is higher than other districts of Bangladesh. In this study, IDF (Intensity Duration Frequency) curve has been developed that is commonly used in engineering planning and design. By using IDF curve, ArcGIS software, DEM map, and normal discharge, maximum discharge for a different point of Mongoli chara and Bolramer chara has been calculated (for 25 years return period). Discharge through Mongoli chara and Bolramer chara has been represented in ArcMap using ordinary kriging. To keep the catchment of those chara free from inundation and water logging problem, this calculated discharge needed to be managed.
文摘Despite uncertainty over the international order,China and the US are increasingly creating a bipolar world.Compared with the former US?Soviet Union bipolarity,primary components of the Sino-US bipolar structure are economy,trade,finance,technology,culture,development model,and value.The complexity of the new bipolarity is a test for national strength,strategy and wisdom.Continuing to analyze the development of the international order will be crucial to assessing the international strategic situation and diplomatic policy-making.
基金Supported by The Grant from Council for Addiction Behavior Studies。
文摘BACKGROUND Gambling disorder is characterized by excessive and recurrent gambling and can have serious negative social consequences.Although several psychotherapeutic and pharmacological approaches have been used to treat gambling disorder,new treatment strategies are needed.Growing evidence suggests that dopamine D3 receptor plays a specific role in the brain reward system.AIM To investigate if blonanserin,a dopamine D3 receptor antagonist,would be effective in reducing gambling impulses in patients with gambling disorder.METHODS We developed a study protocol to measure the efficacy and safety of blonanserin as a potential drug for gambling disorder,in which up to 12 mg/d of blonanserin was prescribed for 8 wk.RESULTS A 37-year-old female patient with gambling disorder,intellectual disability,and other physical diseases participated in the pilot study.The case showed improvement of gambling symptoms without any psychotherapy.However,blonanserin was discontinued owing to excessive saliva production.CONCLUSION This case suggests that blonanserin is potentially an effective treatment for patients with gambling disorder who resist standard therapies,but it also carries a risk of adverse effects. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings.
基金This work was supported by National Social Science Foundation of China （No. 06BFX051） and Judicial Expertise Construction Project of 5th Key Discipline of Shanghai Education Committee （No. J51102）.
文摘Cybercrimes have become an eye-catching social problem in not only China but also other countries of the world. Cybercrimes can be divided into two categories and different kinds of cybercrimes shall be treated differently. In this article, some typical cybercrimes are introduced in detail in order to set forth the characteristics of those cybercrimes. However, to defeat cybercrimes, joint efforts from countries all over the world shall be made.
基金supported by grants from the National Social Science Foundation of China(19BGL230)the Key Project of Social Science Planning in Jiangxi Province(23JY01).
文摘The relapse of methamphetamine (meth) is associated with decision-making dysfunction. The present study aims to investigate theimpact of different emotions on the decision-making behavior of meth users. We used 2 (gender: male, female) × 3 (emotion:positive, negative, neutral) × 5 (block: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) mixed experiment design. The study involved 168 meth users who weredivided into three groups: positive emotion, negative emotion and neutral emotion group, and tested by the emotional IowaGambling Task (IGT). The IGT performance of male users exhibited a decreasing trend from Block 1 to Block 3. Female methusers in positive emotion had the best performance in IGT than females in the other two groups. In positive emotion, the IGTperformance of female meth users was significantly better than that of men. Female meth users in positive emotion had betterdecision-making than those in negative or neutral emotion. Female meth users in positive emotion had better decision-makingperformance than males in positive emotion. In negative and neutral emotions, there was no significant gender difference indecision-making.
