Various studies have reported that galanin can promote axonal regeneration of dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro and inhibit neuropathic pain. However, little is known about its effects on diabetic peripheral neuro...Various studies have reported that galanin can promote axonal regeneration of dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro and inhibit neuropathic pain. However, little is known about its effects on diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and in vivo experimental data are lacking. We hypothesized that repeated applications of exogenous galanin over an extended time frame may also repair nerve damage in diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and relieve pain in vivo. We found that neuropathic pain occurred in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and was more severe after sciatic nerve pinch injury at 14 and 28 days than in diabetic sham-operated rats. Treatment with exogenous galanin alleviated the neuropathic pain and promoted sciatic nerve regeneration more effectively in diabetic rats than in non-diabetic rats after sciatic nerve pinch injury. This was accompanied by changes in the levels of endogenous galanin, and its receptors galanin receptor 1 and galanin receptor 2 in the dorsal root ganglia and the spinal dorsal horn when compared with nerve pinch normal rats. Our results show that application of exogenous galanin daily for 28 days can promote the regeneration of injured sciatic nerves, and alleviate neuropathic pain in diabetic rats.展开更多
Galanin is a neuropeptide widely expressed in the brain.It is implicated in energy expenditure,feeding,and the regulation of body weight.Numerous studies have revealed that galanin regulates food intake via galanin re...Galanin is a neuropeptide widely expressed in the brain.It is implicated in energy expenditure,feeding,and the regulation of body weight.Numerous studies have revealed that galanin regulates food intake via galanin receptors,5-HT1A receptor and adrenergic α-2 receptor.In this review,we summarize recent findings that reveal the essential role of galanin in increasing food intake as well as body weight and that identify the individual galanin receptor subtypes involved in the brain＇s modulation of food intake and energy expenditure,to provide a theoretical basis for further studies of different aspects of galanin action.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this study is to analyze the differences in galanin(GAL)and 5‑hydroxytryptamine(5‑HT)levels in patients with different subtypes of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)and its correlation with anx...Objective:The aim of this study is to analyze the differences in galanin(GAL)and 5‑hydroxytryptamine(5‑HT)levels in patients with different subtypes of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)and its correlation with anxiety and depression in patients.Methods:Using the reflux disease questionnaire,238 patients with GERD were selected as the study group.According to the endoscopic performance,they were divided into the nonerosive reflux disease(NERD)group(114 patients)and the RE group(124 patients).Sixty healthy people were selected as the control group.All research subjects were tested using the self‑rating anxiety scale(SAS)and the self‑rating depression scale(SDS)to assess the severity of anxiety and depression.The levels of 5‑HT and GAL were analyzed using enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Compared with the control group,5‑HT level in GERD patients without anxiety and depression was higher(t=1.97,P<0.05)and GAL level was lower(t=1.97,P<0.05).NERD patients demonstrated more server anxiety(F=55.92,P<0.05)and depression problems(F=36.51,P<0.05)compared to reflux esophagitis(RE)patients.The 5‑HT level was lower(F=54.53,P<0.05)and the GAL level was higher(F=8.00,P<0.05)in NERD patients compared with the control group.Furthermore,5‑HT level was negatively correlated with SAS(r=−0.789,P<0.05)and SDS(r=−0.787,P<0.05)scores;GAL level was positively correlated with SAS(r=0.688,P<0.05)and SDS(r=0.705,P<0.05)scores;5‑HT and GAL level were negatively correlated(r=−0.744,P<0.05).Conclusions:5‑HT level is higher and GAL level was lower in GERD patients without anxiety and depression than healthy people;the symptoms of anxiety and depression of NERD patients are more severe compared to those of RE patients;the severity of anxiety and depression was negatively correlated with the level of 5‑HT and positively with GAL level.展开更多
Neuropeptide galanin is widespread in the nervous system and has been suggested to be involved in numerous neuronal and endocrine functions as an intercellular
脊椎动物下丘脑中的神经肽Y(Neuropeptide Y,NPY)、GALANIN和GMAP蛋白前体(GALANIN and GMAP prepropeptide,GAL)、Agouti相关蛋白(Agouti related neuropeptide,AGRP)和阿片促黑色素原(Proopiomelanocortin,POMC)与摄食密切相关,但在...脊椎动物下丘脑中的神经肽Y(Neuropeptide Y,NPY)、GALANIN和GMAP蛋白前体(GALANIN and GMAP prepropeptide,GAL)、Agouti相关蛋白(Agouti related neuropeptide,AGRP)和阿片促黑色素原(Proopiomelanocortin,POMC)与摄食密切相关,但在斑马鱼中对这些神经肽与摄食之间关系的研究较少。本文通过原位杂交技术和实时定量PCR方法,观察饥饿1 d、饥饿2 d和饥饿2 d喂食2 d后斑马鱼下丘脑中npy、galanin、agrp和pomca的表达情况。结果显示,饥饿处理之后,agrp和galanin在斑马鱼下丘脑中的表达量显著上升(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,饥饿2 d后斑马鱼下丘脑中pomca表达量显著下降(P<0.05)。饥饿2 d喂食2 d后斑马鱼下丘脑中pomca、agrp和galanin的表达量与对照组相比没有显著性差异。所有实验中npy在斑马鱼下丘脑中的表达没有显著性差异。这表明饥饿处理促使斑马鱼下丘脑中agrp和galanin表达上调,pomca表达下调;及时摄食可以恢复agrp、galanin和pomca在下丘脑中的表达水平。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31440047the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province in China,No.2015A030310152
文摘Various studies have reported that galanin can promote axonal regeneration of dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro and inhibit neuropathic pain. However, little is known about its effects on diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and in vivo experimental data are lacking. We hypothesized that repeated applications of exogenous galanin over an extended time frame may also repair nerve damage in diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and relieve pain in vivo. We found that neuropathic pain occurred in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and was more severe after sciatic nerve pinch injury at 14 and 28 days than in diabetic sham-operated rats. Treatment with exogenous galanin alleviated the neuropathic pain and promoted sciatic nerve regeneration more effectively in diabetic rats than in non-diabetic rats after sciatic nerve pinch injury. This was accompanied by changes in the levels of endogenous galanin, and its receptors galanin receptor 1 and galanin receptor 2 in the dorsal root ganglia and the spinal dorsal horn when compared with nerve pinch normal rats. Our results show that application of exogenous galanin daily for 28 days can promote the regeneration of injured sciatic nerves, and alleviate neuropathic pain in diabetic rats.
基金supported in part by the grant of Protein Research Program of Yangzhou University,China(2008CXJ062)
文摘Galanin is a neuropeptide widely expressed in the brain.It is implicated in energy expenditure,feeding,and the regulation of body weight.Numerous studies have revealed that galanin regulates food intake via galanin receptors,5-HT1A receptor and adrenergic α-2 receptor.In this review,we summarize recent findings that reveal the essential role of galanin in increasing food intake as well as body weight and that identify the individual galanin receptor subtypes involved in the brain＇s modulation of food intake and energy expenditure,to provide a theoretical basis for further studies of different aspects of galanin action.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81570392)National Key R and D Program of China(2016YFE0126000)+1 种基金Open Project of Key Laboratory of Zoonosis in Jiangsu Province(HX20014)Key R and D Projects of Yangzhou(YZ2020097).
文摘Objective:The aim of this study is to analyze the differences in galanin(GAL)and 5‑hydroxytryptamine(5‑HT)levels in patients with different subtypes of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)and its correlation with anxiety and depression in patients.Methods:Using the reflux disease questionnaire,238 patients with GERD were selected as the study group.According to the endoscopic performance,they were divided into the nonerosive reflux disease(NERD)group(114 patients)and the RE group(124 patients).Sixty healthy people were selected as the control group.All research subjects were tested using the self‑rating anxiety scale(SAS)and the self‑rating depression scale(SDS)to assess the severity of anxiety and depression.The levels of 5‑HT and GAL were analyzed using enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Compared with the control group,5‑HT level in GERD patients without anxiety and depression was higher(t=1.97,P<0.05)and GAL level was lower(t=1.97,P<0.05).NERD patients demonstrated more server anxiety(F=55.92,P<0.05)and depression problems(F=36.51,P<0.05)compared to reflux esophagitis(RE)patients.The 5‑HT level was lower(F=54.53,P<0.05)and the GAL level was higher(F=8.00,P<0.05)in NERD patients compared with the control group.Furthermore,5‑HT level was negatively correlated with SAS(r=−0.789,P<0.05)and SDS(r=−0.787,P<0.05)scores;GAL level was positively correlated with SAS(r=0.688,P<0.05)and SDS(r=0.705,P<0.05)scores;5‑HT and GAL level were negatively correlated(r=−0.744,P<0.05).Conclusions:5‑HT level is higher and GAL level was lower in GERD patients without anxiety and depression than healthy people;the symptoms of anxiety and depression of NERD patients are more severe compared to those of RE patients;the severity of anxiety and depression was negatively correlated with the level of 5‑HT and positively with GAL level.
文摘Neuropeptide galanin is widespread in the nervous system and has been suggested to be involved in numerous neuronal and endocrine functions as an intercellular
