为了高效制备稀有人参皂苷Gyp17和Gyp75,利用大肠杆菌克隆表达人参皂苷酶Ⅲ型酶,转化低活性人参皂苷Rb1,制备稀有人参皂苷Gyp17和Gyp75。结果表明,将20 g/L的Rb1皂苷在37℃酶反应24 h,4 g Rb1底物制备了3.1 g稀有皂苷Gyp17,其摩尔得率为...为了高效制备稀有人参皂苷Gyp17和Gyp75,利用大肠杆菌克隆表达人参皂苷酶Ⅲ型酶,转化低活性人参皂苷Rb1,制备稀有人参皂苷Gyp17和Gyp75。结果表明,将20 g/L的Rb1皂苷在37℃酶反应24 h,4 g Rb1底物制备了3.1 g稀有皂苷Gyp17,其摩尔得率为90.8%。5 g/L的皂苷Rb1在37℃酶反应60 h,4 g Rb1底物制备了2.1 g Gyp75单体和0.45 g Gyp17单体,其摩尔得率分别为74.2%和13.1%。经HPLC检测,所得到Gyp75和Gyp17皂苷单体纯度均在90%以上。该研究为人参稀有皂苷Gyp17和Gyp75的产业化提供依据。展开更多
Natal dispersal is a critical trait for individual ftness and the viability,structure,and genetic identity of populations.However,there is a pronounced information gap for large and long-lived species due to the diffc...Natal dispersal is a critical trait for individual ftness and the viability,structure,and genetic identity of populations.However,there is a pronounced information gap for large and long-lived species due to the diffculty of monitoring individuals at appropriate spatio-temporal scales.Here we study how individual traits and social and environmental characteristics infuence natal dispersal decisions of griffon vultures(Gypsfulvus)using long-term(30 years)monitoring of a large number of individuals marked as nestlings in Spain.Our results show a strong philopatryin both sexes,with some individuals recruiting as breeders on the same cliffs,and even the same nests,where they were born.This philopatrictendency was modulated by the effect of conspecifc density on individual parameters and emphasized the importance of conspecifc attraction and changes in food availability that may have infuenced the increment in colony size and the colonization of new areas.Although furtherresearch is needed considering smaller colonies and more isolated population nuclei,our results highlight the importance of long-term studieson long-lived species to understand the factors that determine their population dynamics and their relationship with anthropogenic activities,whose effects should be predicted and managed using conservation criteria.展开更多
文摘为了高效制备稀有人参皂苷Gyp17和Gyp75,利用大肠杆菌克隆表达人参皂苷酶Ⅲ型酶,转化低活性人参皂苷Rb1,制备稀有人参皂苷Gyp17和Gyp75。结果表明,将20 g/L的Rb1皂苷在37℃酶反应24 h,4 g Rb1底物制备了3.1 g稀有皂苷Gyp17,其摩尔得率为90.8%。5 g/L的皂苷Rb1在37℃酶反应60 h,4 g Rb1底物制备了2.1 g Gyp75单体和0.45 g Gyp17单体,其摩尔得率分别为74.2%和13.1%。经HPLC检测,所得到Gyp75和Gyp17皂苷单体纯度均在90%以上。该研究为人参稀有皂苷Gyp17和Gyp75的产业化提供依据。
基金partially funded through projects PID2019-109685GB-I00,CGL2007-61395,CGL2010-15726,and CGL2013-42451-P,of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.
文摘Natal dispersal is a critical trait for individual ftness and the viability,structure,and genetic identity of populations.However,there is a pronounced information gap for large and long-lived species due to the diffculty of monitoring individuals at appropriate spatio-temporal scales.Here we study how individual traits and social and environmental characteristics infuence natal dispersal decisions of griffon vultures(Gypsfulvus)using long-term(30 years)monitoring of a large number of individuals marked as nestlings in Spain.Our results show a strong philopatryin both sexes,with some individuals recruiting as breeders on the same cliffs,and even the same nests,where they were born.This philopatrictendency was modulated by the effect of conspecifc density on individual parameters and emphasized the importance of conspecifc attraction and changes in food availability that may have infuenced the increment in colony size and the colonization of new areas.Although furtherresearch is needed considering smaller colonies and more isolated population nuclei,our results highlight the importance of long-term studieson long-lived species to understand the factors that determine their population dynamics and their relationship with anthropogenic activities,whose effects should be predicted and managed using conservation criteria.
