Background:Cotton(Gossypium spp.)is one of the most important economic crops worldwide,and its production plays an important role in the economy of many countries.Genetically modified herbicide-tolerant(GMHT)crops,whi...Background:Cotton(Gossypium spp.)is one of the most important economic crops worldwide,and its production plays an important role in the economy of many countries.Genetically modified herbicide-tolerant(GMHT)crops,which were developed to minimize the losses caused by weeds,have gradually become the most widely adopted genetically modified crops in the world due to their economic and environmental benefits.However,the potential ecological and environmental risks of GMHT crops have attracted extensive attention and controversy.Arthropod communities form a promine nt part of the biodiversity of agroecosystems and are important indicators of environmental health.Elucidating the effects of GMHT crops on the diversity of arthropod communities is necessary to ensure the safety of GMHT crops.Result:In this 2-year study,we investigated the potential impact of GMHT crops on arthropod communities.The GMHT cotton variety GGK2 with glyphosate tolerance and its near-isogenic non-GMHT variety K312 were used for the experimental groups.The Shannon diversity index(H),Simpson diversity index(D),Pielou evenness index(J),and principal co-ordinates analysis(PCoA)of the Bray-Curtis distance were used to evaluate the population dynamics and biodiversity of arthropods in cotton fields.No significant differences were found between GGK2 and K312 in their total abundance of arthropod communities,and biodiversity indexes on most sampling dates.The arthropod composition in the GGK2 and K312 plots was similar.Sampling elates had a significant effect on biodiversity indexes,whereas no clear tendencies related to cotton variety or cotton variety x sampling elates interaction were recorded.In addition,PCoA revealed high similarity between the arthropod communities in the plots of the GMHT cotton variety GGK2 and its near-isogenic variety K312.Conclusion:There was no obvious difference in abundance,diversity indexes of arthropod communities between GMHT cotto n variety GGK2 and its near-isogenic variety K312 under the small-scale plan ting regime.展开更多
The use of genetically modified varieties tolerant to herbicides(HT varieties)and resistant to insects(Bt varieties)in combination with application of a broad-spectrum herbicide such as glyphosate could be an effectiv...The use of genetically modified varieties tolerant to herbicides(HT varieties)and resistant to insects(Bt varieties)in combination with application of a broad-spectrum herbicide such as glyphosate could be an effective option for the simultaneous control of weeds and pests in maize.Nevertheless,the possible impact of these tools on nontarget arthropods still needs to be evaluated.In a field study in central Spain,potential changes in populations of canopy-dwelling arthropods in Bt maize under different weed management options,including glyphosate application,were investigated.Canopy-dwelling arthropods were sampled by visual inspection and yellow sticky traps.The Bt variety had no effect on any group of studied arthropods,except for the expected case of corn borers—the target pests of Bt maize.Regarding the effects of herbicide regimes,the only observed difference was a lower abundance of Cicadellidae and Mymaridae on yellow sticky traps in plots not treated with pre-emergence herbicides.This effect was especially pronounced in a treatment involving two glyphosate applications.The decrease in Cicadellidae and Mymaridae populations was associated with a higher density of weeds in plots,which may have hindered colonization of the crop by leafhoppers.These differences,however,were only significant in the last year of the study.The low likelihood of the use of glyphosate-and herbicide-tolerant varieties for weed control triggering important effects on the nontarget arthropod fauna of the maize canopy is discussed.展开更多
基金supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
文摘Background:Cotton(Gossypium spp.)is one of the most important economic crops worldwide,and its production plays an important role in the economy of many countries.Genetically modified herbicide-tolerant(GMHT)crops,which were developed to minimize the losses caused by weeds,have gradually become the most widely adopted genetically modified crops in the world due to their economic and environmental benefits.However,the potential ecological and environmental risks of GMHT crops have attracted extensive attention and controversy.Arthropod communities form a promine nt part of the biodiversity of agroecosystems and are important indicators of environmental health.Elucidating the effects of GMHT crops on the diversity of arthropod communities is necessary to ensure the safety of GMHT crops.Result:In this 2-year study,we investigated the potential impact of GMHT crops on arthropod communities.The GMHT cotton variety GGK2 with glyphosate tolerance and its near-isogenic non-GMHT variety K312 were used for the experimental groups.The Shannon diversity index(H),Simpson diversity index(D),Pielou evenness index(J),and principal co-ordinates analysis(PCoA)of the Bray-Curtis distance were used to evaluate the population dynamics and biodiversity of arthropods in cotton fields.No significant differences were found between GGK2 and K312 in their total abundance of arthropod communities,and biodiversity indexes on most sampling dates.The arthropod composition in the GGK2 and K312 plots was similar.Sampling elates had a significant effect on biodiversity indexes,whereas no clear tendencies related to cotton variety or cotton variety x sampling elates interaction were recorded.In addition,PCoA revealed high similarity between the arthropod communities in the plots of the GMHT cotton variety GGK2 and its near-isogenic variety K312.Conclusion:There was no obvious difference in abundance,diversity indexes of arthropod communities between GMHT cotto n variety GGK2 and its near-isogenic variety K312 under the small-scale plan ting regime.
基金This is the publication No.36 produced within the framework of the project"Assessing and Monitoring the Impacts of Genetically Modified Plants on Agroecosystems(AMIGA)",funded by the European Commission in the Framework Programme 7.THEME[KBBE.2011.3.5-01].
文摘The use of genetically modified varieties tolerant to herbicides(HT varieties)and resistant to insects(Bt varieties)in combination with application of a broad-spectrum herbicide such as glyphosate could be an effective option for the simultaneous control of weeds and pests in maize.Nevertheless,the possible impact of these tools on nontarget arthropods still needs to be evaluated.In a field study in central Spain,potential changes in populations of canopy-dwelling arthropods in Bt maize under different weed management options,including glyphosate application,were investigated.Canopy-dwelling arthropods were sampled by visual inspection and yellow sticky traps.The Bt variety had no effect on any group of studied arthropods,except for the expected case of corn borers—the target pests of Bt maize.Regarding the effects of herbicide regimes,the only observed difference was a lower abundance of Cicadellidae and Mymaridae on yellow sticky traps in plots not treated with pre-emergence herbicides.This effect was especially pronounced in a treatment involving two glyphosate applications.The decrease in Cicadellidae and Mymaridae populations was associated with a higher density of weeds in plots,which may have hindered colonization of the crop by leafhoppers.These differences,however,were only significant in the last year of the study.The low likelihood of the use of glyphosate-and herbicide-tolerant varieties for weed control triggering important effects on the nontarget arthropod fauna of the maize canopy is discussed.
