针对长江中游城市群洪涝灾害应急转移人口预测中存在的精度瓶颈问题,提出了广义线性模型(generalized linear model,GLM)-空间滞后模型(spatial autoregressive model,SAR)联合预测框架,通过log-link函数与负二项分布解决灾害数据的右...针对长江中游城市群洪涝灾害应急转移人口预测中存在的精度瓶颈问题,提出了广义线性模型(generalized linear model,GLM)-空间滞后模型(spatial autoregressive model,SAR)联合预测框架,通过log-link函数与负二项分布解决灾害数据的右偏分布与过离散问题,构建了以水位超警幅度为核心解释变量的单维度预测模型,并引入空间滞后模型(SAR)量化流域内应急响应的协同效应。基于长江中游三省2019—2023年面板数据的实证结果表明:该模型在跨区域预测中的误差率≤9.2%,较传统线性回归模型降低了8.2个百分点,极端事件的预测误差率压缩至6.7%;揭示了地理异质性对参数的驱动规律,并通过参数迁移模型实现了跨区域适配;通过单维度设计,基层响应效率得到了显著提升,决策链条缩短了4.5 h。研究的创新性体现在“分布修正-空间耦合-动态适配”三重机制,为高波动右偏态灾害数据建模提供了兼具解释力与稳健性的新范式,并为长江中游差异化防灾策略提供了科学支撑。展开更多
Doline susceptibility mapping(DSM)in karst aquifer is important in terms of estimating the vulnerability of the aquifer to pollutants,estimating the infiltration rate,and infrastructures exposed to the development of ...Doline susceptibility mapping(DSM)in karst aquifer is important in terms of estimating the vulnerability of the aquifer to pollutants,estimating the infiltration rate,and infrastructures exposed to the development of dolines.In this research,doline susceptibility map was prepared in Saldaran mountain by generalized linear model(GLM)using 14 affecting parameters extracted from satellite images,digital elevation model,and geology map.Only 8 parameters have been inputted to the model which had correlation with dolines.In this regards,306 dolines were identified by the photogrammetric Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV)method in 600 hectares of Salderan lands and then,these data were divided into the training(70%)and testing(30%)data for modelling.The results of DSM modeling showed that classified probability of doline occurrences in the Saldaran mountain were as follow:16.5%of the area high to very high,72%in the class of low to very low,and 5%in the moderate class.Also,locally,in Saldaran mountain,the Pirghar aquifer has the highest potential for the doline development,followed by Bagh Rostam and Sarab aquifers.Also,the precipitation,digital elevation model,Topographic Position Index,drainage density,slope,TRASP(transformed the circular aspect to a radiation index),Snow-Covered Days and vegetation cover index are of highest importance in the DSM modeling,respectively.Accurate evaluation of the model using the Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC)curve represents a very good accuracy(AUC=0.953)of the DSM model.展开更多
The present study investigates the wavespace of Highly Contrasted Structures(HCS)and Highly Dissipative Structures(HDS)by wave-based models.The Asymptotic Homogenization Method(AHM),exploits the asymptotic Zig-Zag mod...The present study investigates the wavespace of Highly Contrasted Structures(HCS)and Highly Dissipative Structures(HDS)by wave-based models.The Asymptotic Homogenization Method(AHM),exploits the asymptotic Zig-Zag model and homogenization technique to compute the bending wavenumbers via a 6th-order equation.The General Laminate Model(GLM)employs Mindlin’s displacement field to establish displacement-constraint relationships and resolves a quadratic Eigenvalue Problem(EVP)of the dispersion relation.The Wave Finite Element(WFE)scheme formulates the Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problem(NEP)for waves in varying directions and tracks complex wavenumbers using Weighted Wave Assurance Criteria(WWAC).Two approaches are introduced to estimate the Damping Loss Factor(DLF)of HDS,with the average DLF calculated by the modal density at various angles where non-homogeneity is present.Evaluation of robustness and accuracy is made by comparing the wavenumbers and DLF obtained from AHM and GLM with WFE.WFE is finally extended to a sandwich metastructure with a non-homogeneous core,and the Power Input Method(PIM)with Finite Element Method(FEM)data is employed to assess the average DLF,demonstrating an enhanced DLF compared to layered configurations with the same material portion,indicating increased energy dissipation due to the bending-shear coupling effects.展开更多
在渔业资源评估中,CPUE(catch per unit effort)标准化是基础性工作。一般线性模型(generalized linear model,GLM)已成为CPUE标准化的基本方法,但GLM模型在误差结构、自变量的选择、缺失数据、复杂交互效应及异常值处理等方面仍然缺乏...在渔业资源评估中,CPUE(catch per unit effort)标准化是基础性工作。一般线性模型(generalized linear model,GLM)已成为CPUE标准化的基本方法,但GLM模型在误差结构、自变量的选择、缺失数据、复杂交互效应及异常值处理等方面仍然缺乏灵活性。本文基于模拟数据及我国东、黄海鲐鱼(Scomber japonicus)灯光围网渔业数据,比较和分析了基于GLM模型与回归树模型在CPUE标准化中的效果。研究表明:当渔业数据不存在非线性关系与异常值时,GLM模型与回归树模型均能较好地对CPUE进行标准化,但由于回归树模型具有阶跃函数特征,因而GLM模型更具优势;在非线性关系及异常值存在的条件下,回归树模型对CPUE的标准化具有相对较小的估计误差,模型更简约、有效。由于回归树模型能可视化显示自变量与应变量间的复杂关系,因此,更有利于探索和分析渔业数据。展开更多
文摘Doline susceptibility mapping(DSM)in karst aquifer is important in terms of estimating the vulnerability of the aquifer to pollutants,estimating the infiltration rate,and infrastructures exposed to the development of dolines.In this research,doline susceptibility map was prepared in Saldaran mountain by generalized linear model(GLM)using 14 affecting parameters extracted from satellite images,digital elevation model,and geology map.Only 8 parameters have been inputted to the model which had correlation with dolines.In this regards,306 dolines were identified by the photogrammetric Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV)method in 600 hectares of Salderan lands and then,these data were divided into the training(70%)and testing(30%)data for modelling.The results of DSM modeling showed that classified probability of doline occurrences in the Saldaran mountain were as follow:16.5%of the area high to very high,72%in the class of low to very low,and 5%in the moderate class.Also,locally,in Saldaran mountain,the Pirghar aquifer has the highest potential for the doline development,followed by Bagh Rostam and Sarab aquifers.Also,the precipitation,digital elevation model,Topographic Position Index,drainage density,slope,TRASP(transformed the circular aspect to a radiation index),Snow-Covered Days and vegetation cover index are of highest importance in the DSM modeling,respectively.Accurate evaluation of the model using the Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC)curve represents a very good accuracy(AUC=0.953)of the DSM model.
基金supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada-Discovery Grant(individual)Program(No.NSEC-DG#355433-2009)funded by the LabEx CeLyA(Centre Lyonnais d’Acoustique,No.ANR-10-LABX-0060)of Universite?de Lyon。
文摘The present study investigates the wavespace of Highly Contrasted Structures(HCS)and Highly Dissipative Structures(HDS)by wave-based models.The Asymptotic Homogenization Method(AHM),exploits the asymptotic Zig-Zag model and homogenization technique to compute the bending wavenumbers via a 6th-order equation.The General Laminate Model(GLM)employs Mindlin’s displacement field to establish displacement-constraint relationships and resolves a quadratic Eigenvalue Problem(EVP)of the dispersion relation.The Wave Finite Element(WFE)scheme formulates the Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problem(NEP)for waves in varying directions and tracks complex wavenumbers using Weighted Wave Assurance Criteria(WWAC).Two approaches are introduced to estimate the Damping Loss Factor(DLF)of HDS,with the average DLF calculated by the modal density at various angles where non-homogeneity is present.Evaluation of robustness and accuracy is made by comparing the wavenumbers and DLF obtained from AHM and GLM with WFE.WFE is finally extended to a sandwich metastructure with a non-homogeneous core,and the Power Input Method(PIM)with Finite Element Method(FEM)data is employed to assess the average DLF,demonstrating an enhanced DLF compared to layered configurations with the same material portion,indicating increased energy dissipation due to the bending-shear coupling effects.
文摘在渔业资源评估中,CPUE(catch per unit effort)标准化是基础性工作。一般线性模型(generalized linear model,GLM)已成为CPUE标准化的基本方法,但GLM模型在误差结构、自变量的选择、缺失数据、复杂交互效应及异常值处理等方面仍然缺乏灵活性。本文基于模拟数据及我国东、黄海鲐鱼(Scomber japonicus)灯光围网渔业数据,比较和分析了基于GLM模型与回归树模型在CPUE标准化中的效果。研究表明:当渔业数据不存在非线性关系与异常值时,GLM模型与回归树模型均能较好地对CPUE进行标准化,但由于回归树模型具有阶跃函数特征,因而GLM模型更具优势;在非线性关系及异常值存在的条件下,回归树模型对CPUE的标准化具有相对较小的估计误差,模型更简约、有效。由于回归树模型能可视化显示自变量与应变量间的复杂关系,因此,更有利于探索和分析渔业数据。
