CONSTANS(CO)and CONSTANS-LIKE(COL)transcription factors are known to regulate a series of cellular processes,including the transition from vegetative growth to flower development in plants.However,their role in regula...CONSTANS(CO)and CONSTANS-LIKE(COL)transcription factors are known to regulate a series of cellular processes,including the transition from vegetative growth to flower development in plants.However,their role in regulating the fruit chlorophyll content is poorly understood.In this study,SlCOL1,the tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)ortholog of Arabidopsis CONSTANS,was shown to play key roles in controlling fruit chlorophyll.The suppression of SlCOL1 expression led to a reduction in the chlorophyll content of immature green fruit,while the overexpression of SlCOL1 increased it.An analysis of protein-protein interactions indicated that SlCOL1 forms a complex with GOLDEN2-LIKE(GLK2),which promotes the stability of its protein.The overexpression of SlCOL1in the glk2 null mutation background of tomato failed to promote chlorophyll accumulation in the immature green fruit,which suggests that GLK2 is required for the function of SlCOL1 in regulating chlorophyll content.These results shed new light on the mechanisms used by COL1 and GLK2 to regulate fruit development and chlorophyll accumulation in tomato.展开更多
Golden like(GLK)转录因子在植物叶片和果实叶绿体发育及形成过程中具有重要的调控作用。本研究以转化GLK1和GLK2基因的栽培番茄Solanum lycopersicum(加工番茄M82)为研究材料,检测转基因材料果实中叶绿素含量以及调控叶绿体形成相关转...Golden like(GLK)转录因子在植物叶片和果实叶绿体发育及形成过程中具有重要的调控作用。本研究以转化GLK1和GLK2基因的栽培番茄Solanum lycopersicum(加工番茄M82)为研究材料,检测转基因材料果实中叶绿素含量以及调控叶绿体形成相关转录因子在果实不同发育时期的表达分析。结果表明,过表达转录因子GLK1和GLK2均能够明显提高果实中叶绿素含量3~8倍,并且与叶绿素合成相关转录因子的表达与叶绿素含量呈正相关,在一定程度上提高可溶性固形物的含量。同时从转基因GLK1共抑制植株叶片的表型中,证明GLK1转录因子对叶片中叶绿体的形成具有明显的调控作用。因此,GLKs转录因子通过调控叶绿素的合成,对提高番茄果实的品质有重要作用。展开更多
Flavonoids are critical secondary metabolites that determine the health benefits and flavor of tea,while chlorophylls are important contributors to the appearance of tea.However,transcription factors(TFs)that can inte...Flavonoids are critical secondary metabolites that determine the health benefits and flavor of tea,while chlorophylls are important contributors to the appearance of tea.However,transcription factors(TFs)that can integrate both chlorophyll biosynthesis and flavonoid accumulation in response to specific light signals are rarely identified.In this study,we report that the GOLDEN 2-LIKE TF pair,CsGLK1 and CsGLK2,orchestrate UV-B-induced responses in the chlorophyll biosynthesis and flavonoid accumulation of tea leaves.The absence of solar UV-B reduced the transcriptional expression of CsGLKs in the tea leaves and was highly correlated with a decrease in flavonoid levels(especially flavonol glycosides)and the expression of genes and TFs involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis and flavonoid accumulation.In vivo and in vitro molecular analyses showed that CsGLKs could be regulated by the UV-B signal mediator CsHY5,and could directly bind to the promoters of gene and TF involved in light-harvesting(CsLhcb),chlorophyll biosynthesis(CsCHLH,CsHEMA1,and CsPORA),and flavonoid accumulation(CsMYB12,CsFLSa,CsDFRa,and CsLARa),eventually leading to UV-B-induced responses in the chlorophylls and flavonoids of tea leaves.Furthermore,UV-B exposure increased the levels of total flavonoids,CsGLK1 protein,and expression of CsGLKs and target genes in the tea leaves.These results indicate that CsGLKs may modulate tea leaf characteristics by regulating chlorophyll biosynthesis and flavonoid accumulation in response to solar UV-B.As the first report on UV-B-induced changes in flavonoid and chlorophyll regulation mediated by CsGLKs,this study improves our understanding of the environmental regulations regarding tea quality and sheds new light on UV-B-induced flavonoid responses in higher plants.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32360766,32072595 and 32202512)the Earmarked Fund for CARS(CARS-23-A13)。
文摘CONSTANS(CO)and CONSTANS-LIKE(COL)transcription factors are known to regulate a series of cellular processes,including the transition from vegetative growth to flower development in plants.However,their role in regulating the fruit chlorophyll content is poorly understood.In this study,SlCOL1,the tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)ortholog of Arabidopsis CONSTANS,was shown to play key roles in controlling fruit chlorophyll.The suppression of SlCOL1 expression led to a reduction in the chlorophyll content of immature green fruit,while the overexpression of SlCOL1 increased it.An analysis of protein-protein interactions indicated that SlCOL1 forms a complex with GOLDEN2-LIKE(GLK2),which promotes the stability of its protein.The overexpression of SlCOL1in the glk2 null mutation background of tomato failed to promote chlorophyll accumulation in the immature green fruit,which suggests that GLK2 is required for the function of SlCOL1 in regulating chlorophyll content.These results shed new light on the mechanisms used by COL1 and GLK2 to regulate fruit development and chlorophyll accumulation in tomato.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32072623,31700611)。
文摘Flavonoids are critical secondary metabolites that determine the health benefits and flavor of tea,while chlorophylls are important contributors to the appearance of tea.However,transcription factors(TFs)that can integrate both chlorophyll biosynthesis and flavonoid accumulation in response to specific light signals are rarely identified.In this study,we report that the GOLDEN 2-LIKE TF pair,CsGLK1 and CsGLK2,orchestrate UV-B-induced responses in the chlorophyll biosynthesis and flavonoid accumulation of tea leaves.The absence of solar UV-B reduced the transcriptional expression of CsGLKs in the tea leaves and was highly correlated with a decrease in flavonoid levels(especially flavonol glycosides)and the expression of genes and TFs involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis and flavonoid accumulation.In vivo and in vitro molecular analyses showed that CsGLKs could be regulated by the UV-B signal mediator CsHY5,and could directly bind to the promoters of gene and TF involved in light-harvesting(CsLhcb),chlorophyll biosynthesis(CsCHLH,CsHEMA1,and CsPORA),and flavonoid accumulation(CsMYB12,CsFLSa,CsDFRa,and CsLARa),eventually leading to UV-B-induced responses in the chlorophylls and flavonoids of tea leaves.Furthermore,UV-B exposure increased the levels of total flavonoids,CsGLK1 protein,and expression of CsGLKs and target genes in the tea leaves.These results indicate that CsGLKs may modulate tea leaf characteristics by regulating chlorophyll biosynthesis and flavonoid accumulation in response to solar UV-B.As the first report on UV-B-induced changes in flavonoid and chlorophyll regulation mediated by CsGLKs,this study improves our understanding of the environmental regulations regarding tea quality and sheds new light on UV-B-induced flavonoid responses in higher plants.
