GLI MMER(Genie Land Ice Model with Multipy-Enabled Regions)是英国Edinburgh大学开发的3D热动力陆冰模式,由运动方程、连续方程、热力学方程构成其主要物理框架,能与全球气候模式进行耦合,适用于冰川过程机理研究和冰川数值预报.介...GLI MMER(Genie Land Ice Model with Multipy-Enabled Regions)是英国Edinburgh大学开发的3D热动力陆冰模式,由运动方程、连续方程、热力学方程构成其主要物理框架,能与全球气候模式进行耦合,适用于冰川过程机理研究和冰川数值预报.介绍了3D GLI MMER陆冰模式,包括它的动力框架、边界条件、数值积分方法和外部强迫.此外,以青藏高原现代冰川为例进行数值试验,考察模式对冰川的模拟能力.结果表明:3D GLI MMER模式可以较好地模拟青藏高原冰川,所模拟的冰川分布、冰厚、冰温和冰速与实际观测比较接近.展开更多
[Objectives]The effects of"Glimmer"treatment on dry matter accumulation,yield and cadmium accumulation in different types of rice varieties were investigated,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the r...[Objectives]The effects of"Glimmer"treatment on dry matter accumulation,yield and cadmium accumulation in different types of rice varieties were investigated,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of low cadmium accumulation in rice grains.[Methods]Under the treatment of cadmium contaminated soil with a concentration of 0.58 mg/kg,the effects of"Glimmer"treatment on dry matter accumulation,yield and cadmium content of different rice varieties were studied by pot experiment.[Results]Spraying"Glimmer"can increase the biological yield of rice,and the different types of rice showed the order of conventional rice>two-line hybrid rice>three-line hybrid rice.Among the conventional rice,most significant increase was observed in Huanghuazhan,and in two-line hybrid rice,C Liangyou 651 increased the most.The"Glimmer"treatment had an obvious yield increasing effect on conventional rice,among which such two varieties as Xiangwanxian 13 and Huanghuazhan had the largest increases,followed by the two-line hybrid rice,and a little effect was observed on the three-line hybrid rice.The"Glimmer"treatment resulted in a significant reduction in cadmium content in different types of rice,which decreased by 13.33%-26.09%,and seven varieties showed a reduction over 21.74%.[Conclusions]The"Glimmer"treatment can significantly reduce the cadmium content in rice,and generally promote the dry matter accumulation and yield increase of rice,of which conventional rice performed better.展开更多
A 3-D coupled ice sheet model, GLIMMER model is introduced, and an idealized ice sheet experiment under the EISMINT-1 criterion of moving boundary condition is presented. The results of the experiment reveal that for ...A 3-D coupled ice sheet model, GLIMMER model is introduced, and an idealized ice sheet experiment under the EISMINT-1 criterion of moving boundary condition is presented. The results of the experiment reveal that for a steady-state ice sheet profile the characteristic curves describe the process of evolution which are accordant with theoretical estimates. By solving the coupled thermodynamics equations of ice sheet, one may find the characteristic curves which derived from the conservation of the mass, energy and momentum to the ice flow profile. At the same time, an agreement, approximate to the GLIMMER case and the confirmed theoretical results, is found. Present study is explorihg work to introduce and discuss the handicaps of EISMINT criterion and GLIMMER, and prospect a few directions of the GLIMMER model.展开更多
EARLY this year, after three months of rolling blackouts managed to keep their country from total darkness, South Africa＇s long-suffering people finally saw their energy crisis like a gath- ering storm, ＂There is a ...EARLY this year, after three months of rolling blackouts managed to keep their country from total darkness, South Africa＇s long-suffering people finally saw their energy crisis like a gath- ering storm, ＂There is a medium probability of load-shedding today and tomorrow,＂ Eskom, the national utility, tweeted in a first, ＂with a higher probability on Thursday and Friday,＂展开更多
Remote sensing technology has been widely used for marine monitoring.However,due to the limitations of sensor technologies and data sources,effective monitoring of marine ships at night remains challenging.To address ...Remote sensing technology has been widely used for marine monitoring.However,due to the limitations of sensor technologies and data sources,effective monitoring of marine ships at night remains challenging.To address these challenges,our study developed SDGST,a high-resolution glimmer marine ship dataset from SDGSAT-1 satellite and proposed a ship detection and identification method based on the YOLOv5s model,the Glimmer YOLO model.Considering the characteristics of glimmer images,our model has made several effective improvements to the original YOLOv5s model.In particular,the improved model incorporates a new layer for detecting small targets and integrates the CA(Coordinate Attention)mechanism.To enhance the original feature fusion strategy,we introduced BiFPN(Bi-directional Feature Pyramid Network).We also adopted the EIOU Loss function and replaced the initially defined anchors with clustering results,thus improving detection performance.The mean Average Precision(mAP%)reaches 96.7%,which is a 5.1%improvement over the YOLOv5s model.Notably,it significantly improves the detection of small ships.This model demonstrates superior performance in ship detection under glimmer conditions compared to the original YOLOv5s model and other popular target detection models,and may serve as a valuable reference for achieving high-precision nighttime marine monitoring.展开更多
CASEarth satellite is the first space Earth science satellite produced by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The satellite has three payloads:high-definition Thermal Infrared Spectrometer(TIS),highdefinition Glimmer Imag...CASEarth satellite is the first space Earth science satellite produced by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The satellite has three payloads:high-definition Thermal Infrared Spectrometer(TIS),highdefinition Glimmer Imager for Urbanization(GIU),and high-definition Multispectral Imager for Inshore(MII).These payloads are used to explore the urbanization level and residential layout,the coastal ecosystem,and new methods and approaches of environmental detection during night-time and even under conditions of polar aurora and provide scientific evidence for the refined depiction of human traces.The CASEarth satellite can provide space observation data for A Project on Big Earth Data Science Engineering as well as scientific and application studies inside and outside China.展开更多
ORF virus (ORFV), the etiological agent of contagious pustular dermatitis in small ruminants, belongs to members of the genus Parapoxvirus of the Poxviridae. The genome of the ORFV is dsDNA of 139,962 bp which has abo...ORF virus (ORFV), the etiological agent of contagious pustular dermatitis in small ruminants, belongs to members of the genus Parapoxvirus of the Poxviridae. The genome of the ORFV is dsDNA of 139,962 bp which has about 89% coding region, 63% GC content and codes 130 proteins. There are four unique genes within the genome revealed by homology search of them two posses’ strong regulatory region and transmembrane helices. One of the ORF-039 contains signal peptide indicating the possibilities to be secretory protein coding gene. Comparative genomic analysis reveals significant differences in Bovine Papular Stomatitis Virus (BPSV) strain BV-AR02 and ORFV strain OV-SA00, and these may account for differences in host range. Interspecies sequence variability is observed in all functional classes of genes but is the highest in putative virulence/host range genes. Notably, ORFV contains genes which are homologous of Vaccinia virus. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that although divergent, ORFV virus is distinct from other known mammalian cowpox virus. An improved understanding of Parapoxvirus (PPV) biology will permit the engineering of novel vaccine viruses and expression vectors with enhanced efficacy and greater versatility. The novel vaccine will have a significant role in the economy of a country through the control of disease in an economically important and small ruminant caused by ORFV.展开更多
Now it is evident that nature and society have a great number of special systems which very differ from traditional objects (systems) of physics, chemists and engineering. For such special (synergetic-chaotic) systems...Now it is evident that nature and society have a great number of special systems which very differ from traditional objects (systems) of physics, chemists and engineering. For such special (synergetic-chaotic) systems we are proposed the special third paradigm and construct five basic properties of (unique) systems and on 13 differences in the methods, basic concepts about such systems. The introduction of such basic properties and differences are presented in the article. We postulate the humanity evolution, dynamic of social and political systems, biosphere of Earth, the human organism and his functional systems and many other systems (Universe at all) have all five such properties and must be described according to special synergetic paradigm. Now the authors presents all these special properties and the special table where the differences between deterministic-stochastic systems (and its theoretical approaches) and the synergetic systems (complexity, self-organization systems) were presented more conveniently.展开更多
文摘GLI MMER(Genie Land Ice Model with Multipy-Enabled Regions)是英国Edinburgh大学开发的3D热动力陆冰模式,由运动方程、连续方程、热力学方程构成其主要物理框架,能与全球气候模式进行耦合,适用于冰川过程机理研究和冰川数值预报.介绍了3D GLI MMER陆冰模式,包括它的动力框架、边界条件、数值积分方法和外部强迫.此外,以青藏高原现代冰川为例进行数值试验,考察模式对冰川的模拟能力.结果表明:3D GLI MMER模式可以较好地模拟青藏高原冰川,所模拟的冰川分布、冰厚、冰温和冰速与实际观测比较接近.
基金Supported by Hunan Provincial Financial FundHunan Hybrid Rice Research Center Project(38018136)
文摘[Objectives]The effects of"Glimmer"treatment on dry matter accumulation,yield and cadmium accumulation in different types of rice varieties were investigated,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of low cadmium accumulation in rice grains.[Methods]Under the treatment of cadmium contaminated soil with a concentration of 0.58 mg/kg,the effects of"Glimmer"treatment on dry matter accumulation,yield and cadmium content of different rice varieties were studied by pot experiment.[Results]Spraying"Glimmer"can increase the biological yield of rice,and the different types of rice showed the order of conventional rice>two-line hybrid rice>three-line hybrid rice.Among the conventional rice,most significant increase was observed in Huanghuazhan,and in two-line hybrid rice,C Liangyou 651 increased the most.The"Glimmer"treatment had an obvious yield increasing effect on conventional rice,among which such two varieties as Xiangwanxian 13 and Huanghuazhan had the largest increases,followed by the two-line hybrid rice,and a little effect was observed on the three-line hybrid rice.The"Glimmer"treatment resulted in a significant reduction in cadmium content in different types of rice,which decreased by 13.33%-26.09%,and seven varieties showed a reduction over 21.74%.[Conclusions]The"Glimmer"treatment can significantly reduce the cadmium content in rice,and generally promote the dry matter accumulation and yield increase of rice,of which conventional rice performed better.
基金supported by Polar Science Youth Innovational Foundation,PRIC (Grant No.JDQ200602)China National Bureau of Oeanography Youth Science Foundation (Grant No.2007219)Polar Strategy Research Foundation in China(Grant No.20070215).
文摘A 3-D coupled ice sheet model, GLIMMER model is introduced, and an idealized ice sheet experiment under the EISMINT-1 criterion of moving boundary condition is presented. The results of the experiment reveal that for a steady-state ice sheet profile the characteristic curves describe the process of evolution which are accordant with theoretical estimates. By solving the coupled thermodynamics equations of ice sheet, one may find the characteristic curves which derived from the conservation of the mass, energy and momentum to the ice flow profile. At the same time, an agreement, approximate to the GLIMMER case and the confirmed theoretical results, is found. Present study is explorihg work to introduce and discuss the handicaps of EISMINT criterion and GLIMMER, and prospect a few directions of the GLIMMER model.
文摘EARLY this year, after three months of rolling blackouts managed to keep their country from total darkness, South Africa＇s long-suffering people finally saw their energy crisis like a gath- ering storm, ＂There is a medium probability of load-shedding today and tomorrow,＂ Eskom, the national utility, tweeted in a first, ＂with a higher probability on Thursday and Friday,＂
基金funded by Operation and Maintenance Project of Big Earth Data Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[grant no CAS-WX2022SDC-XK13]Joint HKU-CAS Laboratory for iEarth[grant no 313GJHZ2022074MI].
文摘Remote sensing technology has been widely used for marine monitoring.However,due to the limitations of sensor technologies and data sources,effective monitoring of marine ships at night remains challenging.To address these challenges,our study developed SDGST,a high-resolution glimmer marine ship dataset from SDGSAT-1 satellite and proposed a ship detection and identification method based on the YOLOv5s model,the Glimmer YOLO model.Considering the characteristics of glimmer images,our model has made several effective improvements to the original YOLOv5s model.In particular,the improved model incorporates a new layer for detecting small targets and integrates the CA(Coordinate Attention)mechanism.To enhance the original feature fusion strategy,we introduced BiFPN(Bi-directional Feature Pyramid Network).We also adopted the EIOU Loss function and replaced the initially defined anchors with clustering results,thus improving detection performance.The mean Average Precision(mAP%)reaches 96.7%,which is a 5.1%improvement over the YOLOv5s model.Notably,it significantly improves the detection of small ships.This model demonstrates superior performance in ship detection under glimmer conditions compared to the original YOLOv5s model and other popular target detection models,and may serve as a valuable reference for achieving high-precision nighttime marine monitoring.
基金Supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Leading Science and Technology Project(XDA19010000)。
文摘CASEarth satellite is the first space Earth science satellite produced by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The satellite has three payloads:high-definition Thermal Infrared Spectrometer(TIS),highdefinition Glimmer Imager for Urbanization(GIU),and high-definition Multispectral Imager for Inshore(MII).These payloads are used to explore the urbanization level and residential layout,the coastal ecosystem,and new methods and approaches of environmental detection during night-time and even under conditions of polar aurora and provide scientific evidence for the refined depiction of human traces.The CASEarth satellite can provide space observation data for A Project on Big Earth Data Science Engineering as well as scientific and application studies inside and outside China.
文摘ORF virus (ORFV), the etiological agent of contagious pustular dermatitis in small ruminants, belongs to members of the genus Parapoxvirus of the Poxviridae. The genome of the ORFV is dsDNA of 139,962 bp which has about 89% coding region, 63% GC content and codes 130 proteins. There are four unique genes within the genome revealed by homology search of them two posses’ strong regulatory region and transmembrane helices. One of the ORF-039 contains signal peptide indicating the possibilities to be secretory protein coding gene. Comparative genomic analysis reveals significant differences in Bovine Papular Stomatitis Virus (BPSV) strain BV-AR02 and ORFV strain OV-SA00, and these may account for differences in host range. Interspecies sequence variability is observed in all functional classes of genes but is the highest in putative virulence/host range genes. Notably, ORFV contains genes which are homologous of Vaccinia virus. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that although divergent, ORFV virus is distinct from other known mammalian cowpox virus. An improved understanding of Parapoxvirus (PPV) biology will permit the engineering of novel vaccine viruses and expression vectors with enhanced efficacy and greater versatility. The novel vaccine will have a significant role in the economy of a country through the control of disease in an economically important and small ruminant caused by ORFV.
文摘Now it is evident that nature and society have a great number of special systems which very differ from traditional objects (systems) of physics, chemists and engineering. For such special (synergetic-chaotic) systems we are proposed the special third paradigm and construct five basic properties of (unique) systems and on 13 differences in the methods, basic concepts about such systems. The introduction of such basic properties and differences are presented in the article. We postulate the humanity evolution, dynamic of social and political systems, biosphere of Earth, the human organism and his functional systems and many other systems (Universe at all) have all five such properties and must be described according to special synergetic paradigm. Now the authors presents all these special properties and the special table where the differences between deterministic-stochastic systems (and its theoretical approaches) and the synergetic systems (complexity, self-organization systems) were presented more conveniently.
