基于涉网变流器开展电能质量问题治理可以有效利用变流器的剩余容量,提高治理效益,但其往往只考虑跟网型(grid-following,GFL)控制,未能充分发挥多种类变流器的调控潜力。文中基于GFL和构网型(grid-forming,GFM)涉网变流器并联系统,提...基于涉网变流器开展电能质量问题治理可以有效利用变流器的剩余容量,提高治理效益,但其往往只考虑跟网型(grid-following,GFL)控制,未能充分发挥多种类变流器的调控潜力。文中基于GFL和构网型(grid-forming,GFM)涉网变流器并联系统,提出谐波补偿、电压跌落抑制等协同控制策略。首先,介绍涉网变流器的基本控制原理及数学模型。其次,针对并联系统公共耦合点(point of common coupling,PCC)的谐波补偿问题,提出谐波分次补偿方法,增强谐波补偿的灵活性,实现谐波电流在不同容量变流单元间的合理分摊。针对PCC电压跌落问题,将并联系统状态总结为正常运行、仅GFL变流单元参与电压支撑、GFL和GFM变流单元共同支撑3种工况。经补偿容量计算和无功功率分配,PCC电压可始终保持在额定电压附近。最后,通过仿真验证所提策略的可行性与优越性。展开更多
Renewable generation is rapidly increasing and transforming power systems toward“new-type power systems”.The integration of renewable energy resources necessitates a shift from conventional grid-following converters...Renewable generation is rapidly increasing and transforming power systems toward“new-type power systems”.The integration of renewable energy resources necessitates a shift from conventional grid-following converters(GFLs)to advanced grid-forming controls.Although grid-forming converters(GFMs)provide grid support and enhance system stability under weak grid conditions,their deployment requires more robust hardware,complex control algorithms and system operation constraints,resulting in planning and operational trade-offs between system stability and cost efficiency.This paper studies the underexplored question of how many GFMs are needed from a techno-economic perspective.The holistic analysis integrates long-term planning,short-term operational strategies and dynamic stability considerations,thereby supporting large-scale renewable integration while ensuring system security and economic benefits.展开更多
To address the global climate crisis,achieving energy transitions is imperative.Establishing a new-type power system is a key measure to achieve CO_(2) emissions peaking and carbon neutrality.The core goal is to trans...To address the global climate crisis,achieving energy transitions is imperative.Establishing a new-type power system is a key measure to achieve CO_(2) emissions peaking and carbon neutrality.The core goal is to transform renewable energy resources into primary power sources.The large-scale integration of high proportions of renewable energy sources and power electronic devices will dramatically change the operational mechanisms and control strategies of power systems.Existing wind and solar converters mostly adopt the grid-following control mode,which leads to significant challenges in system security and stability as it is insufficient to support the frequency and voltage of the grid.On the other hand,grid-forming control technology(GFM)can provide voltage and frequency support for the system,and thus becomes an effective measure to improve the inertia and damping characteristics of power systems.This paper illustrates the principles,control strategies,equipment types,application scenarios,and project implementation of grid-forming technology.The simulation and analysis based on a renewable-dominated real new-type power system show that GFM can significantly enhance the frequency and voltage support capacity of the power system,improve renewable energy accommodation capacity and grid transmission capacity under weak grid conditions,and play an important role in enhancing the stability and power supply reliability of renewable-dominated new-type power systems.展开更多
Grid-tie voltage source converters(VSCs)can operate in three distinct modes:AC-dominant,DC-dominant,and balanced,depending on the placement of the stiff voltage sources.The distinct operation modes of the VSCs traditi...Grid-tie voltage source converters(VSCs)can operate in three distinct modes:AC-dominant,DC-dominant,and balanced,depending on the placement of the stiff voltage sources.The distinct operation modes of the VSCs traditionally demand different synchronization control techniques,leading to heterogeneous VSCs.It is challenging for the power system to accommodate and coordinate heterogeneous VSCs.A promising universal synchronization control technique for VSCs is the DC-link voltage synchronization control(DVSC)based on a lead compensator(LC).The LC DVSC stabilizes both the DC and AC voltages of a VSC while achieving synchronization with the AC grid.This results in a dual-port grid-forming(DGFM)characteristic for the VSC.However,there has been very limited study on the stability and synchronization controller design of the VSCs with the LC DVSC operating in various modes.To bridge this gap,the paper presents a quantitative analysis on the stability and steady-state performance of the LC DVSC in all three operation modes of the DGFM VSC.Based on the analysis,the paper provides step-by-step design guidelines for the LC DVSC.Furthermore,the paper uncovers an instability issue related to the LC DVSC when the DGFM VSC operates in the balanced mode.To tackle the instability issue,a virtual resistance control is proposed and integrated with the LC DVSC.Simulation results validate the analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness of the DGFM VSC with the LC DVSC designed using the proposed guidelines in all three operation modes.Overall,the paper demonstrates the feasibility of employing the DGFM VSC with the LC DVSC for all three possible operation modes,which can help overcome the challenges associated with accommodating and coordinating heterogeneous VSCs in the power system.展开更多
文摘基于涉网变流器开展电能质量问题治理可以有效利用变流器的剩余容量,提高治理效益,但其往往只考虑跟网型(grid-following,GFL)控制,未能充分发挥多种类变流器的调控潜力。文中基于GFL和构网型(grid-forming,GFM)涉网变流器并联系统,提出谐波补偿、电压跌落抑制等协同控制策略。首先,介绍涉网变流器的基本控制原理及数学模型。其次,针对并联系统公共耦合点(point of common coupling,PCC)的谐波补偿问题,提出谐波分次补偿方法,增强谐波补偿的灵活性,实现谐波电流在不同容量变流单元间的合理分摊。针对PCC电压跌落问题,将并联系统状态总结为正常运行、仅GFL变流单元参与电压支撑、GFL和GFM变流单元共同支撑3种工况。经补偿容量计算和无功功率分配,PCC电压可始终保持在额定电压附近。最后,通过仿真验证所提策略的可行性与优越性。
基金supported in part by the Carbon Neutrality and Energy System Transformation project and in part by EPSRC under Grant EP/Y025946/1.
文摘Renewable generation is rapidly increasing and transforming power systems toward“new-type power systems”.The integration of renewable energy resources necessitates a shift from conventional grid-following converters(GFLs)to advanced grid-forming controls.Although grid-forming converters(GFMs)provide grid support and enhance system stability under weak grid conditions,their deployment requires more robust hardware,complex control algorithms and system operation constraints,resulting in planning and operational trade-offs between system stability and cost efficiency.This paper studies the underexplored question of how many GFMs are needed from a techno-economic perspective.The holistic analysis integrates long-term planning,short-term operational strategies and dynamic stability considerations,thereby supporting large-scale renewable integration while ensuring system security and economic benefits.
文摘To address the global climate crisis,achieving energy transitions is imperative.Establishing a new-type power system is a key measure to achieve CO_(2) emissions peaking and carbon neutrality.The core goal is to transform renewable energy resources into primary power sources.The large-scale integration of high proportions of renewable energy sources and power electronic devices will dramatically change the operational mechanisms and control strategies of power systems.Existing wind and solar converters mostly adopt the grid-following control mode,which leads to significant challenges in system security and stability as it is insufficient to support the frequency and voltage of the grid.On the other hand,grid-forming control technology(GFM)can provide voltage and frequency support for the system,and thus becomes an effective measure to improve the inertia and damping characteristics of power systems.This paper illustrates the principles,control strategies,equipment types,application scenarios,and project implementation of grid-forming technology.The simulation and analysis based on a renewable-dominated real new-type power system show that GFM can significantly enhance the frequency and voltage support capacity of the power system,improve renewable energy accommodation capacity and grid transmission capacity under weak grid conditions,and play an important role in enhancing the stability and power supply reliability of renewable-dominated new-type power systems.
基金supported in part by the Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research.
文摘Grid-tie voltage source converters(VSCs)can operate in three distinct modes:AC-dominant,DC-dominant,and balanced,depending on the placement of the stiff voltage sources.The distinct operation modes of the VSCs traditionally demand different synchronization control techniques,leading to heterogeneous VSCs.It is challenging for the power system to accommodate and coordinate heterogeneous VSCs.A promising universal synchronization control technique for VSCs is the DC-link voltage synchronization control(DVSC)based on a lead compensator(LC).The LC DVSC stabilizes both the DC and AC voltages of a VSC while achieving synchronization with the AC grid.This results in a dual-port grid-forming(DGFM)characteristic for the VSC.However,there has been very limited study on the stability and synchronization controller design of the VSCs with the LC DVSC operating in various modes.To bridge this gap,the paper presents a quantitative analysis on the stability and steady-state performance of the LC DVSC in all three operation modes of the DGFM VSC.Based on the analysis,the paper provides step-by-step design guidelines for the LC DVSC.Furthermore,the paper uncovers an instability issue related to the LC DVSC when the DGFM VSC operates in the balanced mode.To tackle the instability issue,a virtual resistance control is proposed and integrated with the LC DVSC.Simulation results validate the analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness of the DGFM VSC with the LC DVSC designed using the proposed guidelines in all three operation modes.Overall,the paper demonstrates the feasibility of employing the DGFM VSC with the LC DVSC for all three possible operation modes,which can help overcome the challenges associated with accommodating and coordinating heterogeneous VSCs in the power system.
