Germplasm resources are essential for the sustainable development of biodiversity and husbandry of local chickens, as well as for the breeding and industry of superior quality chickens. Unfortunately, many local and i...Germplasm resources are essential for the sustainable development of biodiversity and husbandry of local chickens, as well as for the breeding and industry of superior quality chickens. Unfortunately, many local and indigenous chicken breeds are at risk of declining numbers, emphasizing the need to conserve breed resources for endangered chickens. Primordial germ cells(PGCs) are crucial for preserving germplasm resources by inheriting genetic information from parents to offspring and ensuring stability of genetic material between germlines. In this study,PGCs were isolated from chicken embryos' gonads and cultured in FAcs medium without feeder cells. Over a period of approximately 40 d, the cells proliferated to a number of up to 10^(6), establishing various cell lines. Particularly, 18 PGC lines were created from Rugao Yellow chicken and Shouguang chicken, with an efficiency ranging from 39.1 to 45%. Furthermore, PGCs that had been cultured for 40 passages exhibited typical PGC characteristics, suchas glycogen staining reaction, and expression of pluripotency and reproductive markers. These results confirmthat PGCs maintain stem cell properties even after long-term in vitro culture. Additionally, PGCs cryopreserved for up to 120 d remained viable, maintained typical PGC morphologies, and possessed stable cell proliferation ability. Through intravascular injection into chicken embryos, green fluorescent protein(GFP)-PGCs were found in the recipient embryos' gonads and could develop into gametes to produce offspring, indicating that even after extended culture, PGCs retain their migratory and lineage-transmitting capabilities. This research offers valuable insights into the in vitro cultivation and preservation of PGCs of Chinese indigenous chickens. The findings of this study can be applied in transgenic chicken production and the preservation of genetic resources of indigenous chicken breeds.展开更多
Exploring the phenotypic trait variation and diversity of kiwifruit male plant resources can support selection,breeding,and genetic improvement,ultimately enhancing agricultural production.In this study,50 kiwifruit m...Exploring the phenotypic trait variation and diversity of kiwifruit male plant resources can support selection,breeding,and genetic improvement,ultimately enhancing agricultural production.In this study,50 kiwifruit male plants were collected from the resource nursery of Sichuan Provincial Natural Resources Bureau.The phenotypic variation of the germplasm was analyzed using 16 quantitative traits.The analysis involved coefficient of variation(CV),Shannon-Wiener index(H),principal component analysis,correlation analysis,cluster analysis,and comprehensive evaluation.The results showed that the variation range of 16 phenotypic traits in kiwifruit male germplasm resources was 1.55%to 83.71%,with an average coefficient of variation of 28.62%,and an H index of 1.265 to 2.941.The average CVs of diploid,tetraploid,and hexaploid were 22.62%,18.99%and 18.18%,respectively,and the average CV of diploid was the largest.Indicated that the male germplasm resources of kiwifruit showed significant phenotypic diversity,and the diploid showed higher diversity characteristics.Principal component analysis(PCA)revealed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the first seven principal components was 76.66%,which effectively captured the information from 21 traits.Cluster analysis divided the 50 kiwifruit male germplasm resources into 4 clusters;each cluster exhibited distinct phenotypic characteristics.The analysis also determined the trait characteristics and breeding value of each cluster.The results of this study provide valuable information for genetic improvement,protection,and evaluation of kiwifruit male germplasm resources.展开更多
This paper investigated and analyzed the conservation and utilization of four local livestock breeds in Binzhou City:Wadi Sheep,Bohai Black Cattle,Wudi Donkey,and Lubei White Goat.Shortcomings in the protection and ut...This paper investigated and analyzed the conservation and utilization of four local livestock breeds in Binzhou City:Wadi Sheep,Bohai Black Cattle,Wudi Donkey,and Lubei White Goat.Shortcomings in the protection and utilization of local germplasm resources were pointed out,and strategies and recommendations were proposed to promote high-quality development of livestock and poultry genetic resources in Binzhou,including building a solid germplasm foundation,standardizing production,and driving innovation.This paper provides references for the conservation,development,and utilization of local genetic resources in Binzhou City.展开更多
Accurate evaluation of disease levels in wild rice germplasm and identification of disease resistance are critical for developing rice varieties resistant to blast disease.However,existing evaluation methods face limi...Accurate evaluation of disease levels in wild rice germplasm and identification of disease resistance are critical for developing rice varieties resistant to blast disease.However,existing evaluation methods face limitations that hinder progress in breeding.To address these challenges,we proposed an AI-powered method for evaluating blast disease levels and identifying resistance in wild rice.A lightweight segmentation model for diseased leaves and lesions was developed,incorporating an improved federated learning approach to enhance robustness and adaptability.Based on the segmentation results and resistance identification technical specifications,wild rice materials were evaluated into 10 disease levels(L0 to L9),further enabling disease-resistance identification through multiple replicates of the same materials.The method was successfully implemented on augmented reality glasses for real-time,first-person evaluation.Additionally,high-speed scanners and edge computing devices were integrated to enable continuous,precise,and dynamic evaluation.Experimental results demonstrate the outstanding performance of the proposed method,achieving effective segmentation of diseased leaves and lesions with only 0.22 M parameters and 5.3 G floating-point operations per second(FLOPs),with a mean average precision(mAP@0.5)of 96.3%.The accuracy of disease level evaluation and disease-resistance identification reached 99.7%,with a practical test accuracy of 99.0%,successfully identifying three highly resistant wild rice materials.This method provides strong technical support for efficiently identifying wild rice materials resistant to blast disease and advancing resistance breeding efforts.展开更多
Soil salinization is a globally prevalent abiotic environmental stress.The imbalance of ions caused by high concentrations of sodium chloride results in a 40%reduction in soybean yield.Soybean,as an important crop for...Soil salinization is a globally prevalent abiotic environmental stress.The imbalance of ions caused by high concentrations of sodium chloride results in a 40%reduction in soybean yield.Soybean,as an important crop for soil quality improvement,necessitates the identification of salt-tolerant varieties and germplasms to effectively utilize and enhance saline-alkali land.In this study,we assessed the salt tolerance of 435 soybean varieties and germplasms during the seedling stage.Among them,Qihuang34,You2104,Hongzhudou,Pamanheidou,and Osage exhibited grade 1 salt tolerance rates surpassing other tested materials.Furthermore,Hongzhudou and Qihuang34 demonstrated higher salt tolerance during germination and emergence stages based on their elevated rates of emergence,salt tolerance index,chlorophyll content,and shoot fresh weights.Overall findings provide valuable resources for molecular breeding efforts aimed at developing salt-tolerant soybean varieties suitable for cultivation in saline-alkali soils.展开更多
Peanut is a worldwide oilseed crop and the need to assess germplasm in a non-destructive manner is important for seed nutritional breeding.In this study,Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS)was applied to rapidly assess ge...Peanut is a worldwide oilseed crop and the need to assess germplasm in a non-destructive manner is important for seed nutritional breeding.In this study,Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS)was applied to rapidly assess germplasm variability from whole seed of 699 samples,field-collected and assembled in four genetic and environmentbased sets:one set of 300 varieties of a core-collection and three sets of 133 genotypes of an interspecific population,evaluated in three environments in a large spatial scale of two countries,Mbalmayo and Bafia in Cameroon and Nioro in Senegal,under rainfed conditions.NIR elemental spectra were gathered on six subsets of seeds of each sample,after three rotation scans,with a spectral resolution of 16 cm-1over the spectral range of867 nm to 2530 nm.Spectra were then processed by principal component analysis(PCA)coupled with Partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).As results,a huge variability was found between varieties and genotypes for all NIR wavelength within and between environments.The magnitude of genetic variation was particularly observed at 11 relevant wavelengths such as 1723 nm,usually related to oil content and fatty acid composition.PCA yielded the most chemical attributes in three significant PCs(i.e.,eigenvalues>10),which together captured 93%of the total variation,revealing genetic and environment structure of varieties and genotypes into four clusters,corresponding to the four samples sets.The pattern of genetic variability of the interspecific population covers,remarkably half of spectrum of the core-collection,turning out to be the largest.Interestingly,a PLS-DA model was developed and a strong accuracy of 99.6%was achieved for the four sets,aiming to classify each seed sample according to environment origin.The confusion matrix achieved for the two sets of Bafia and Nioro showed 100%of instances classified correctly with 100%at both sensitivity and specificity,confirming that their seed quality was different from each other and all other samples.Overall,NIRS chemometrics is useful to assess and distinguish seeds from different environments and highlights the value of the interspecific population and core-collection,as a source of nutritional diversity,to support the breeding efforts.展开更多
Oil palm germplasm collected from Angola,Africa in 1991 were subjected to genetic variability potential studies.The collection was planted in the form of open-pollinated families as trials at the Malaysian Palm Oil Bo...Oil palm germplasm collected from Angola,Africa in 1991 were subjected to genetic variability potential studies.The collection was planted in the form of open-pollinated families as trials at the Malaysian Palm Oil Board(MPOB)Kluang Research Station,Johor,Malaysia,in 1994.Dura palms from 52 families and tenera palms from 44 families of MPOB-Angola were evaluated for their bunch yield and bunch quality components.The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic variability among the families and performance of MPOB-Angola germplasm for yield improvement.The analysis of variance(ANOVA)revealed highly significant differences between the dura and tenera families for most of the traits,suggesting the presence of high genetic variability,which is essential for breeding programmes.Among the duras,family AGO 02.02 displayed the best yield performance,with a high fresh fruit bunch,oil yield and total economic product at 240.40,29.46 and 37.93 kg palm^(-1)year^(-1),respectively.As for the teneras,family AGO 03.04 recorded the highest FFB yield and oil yield at 249.25 and 45.22 kg palm^(-1)year^(-1),respectively.Besides that,several families with big fruit sizes or producing a mean fruit weight of 14-17 g were also identified.Both dura and tenera from AGO 01.01 recorded the highest oil to bunch(O/B)of 17.76%and 28.65%,respectively.These findings will facilitate the selection of palms from the MPOB-Angola germplasm for future breeding programmes.展开更多
Correction:J Cotton Res 7,20(2024)https://doi.org/10.1186/s42397-024-00180-3 Following publication of the original article(Shui et al.2024),the author found 5 errors in the published article.1.One of the author’s nam...Correction:J Cotton Res 7,20(2024)https://doi.org/10.1186/s42397-024-00180-3 Following publication of the original article(Shui et al.2024),the author found 5 errors in the published article.1.One of the author’s name has been corrected from Gou Chunping to Guo Chunping.2.The reference(Zhao SQ.2016)in Table 2 has been updated to:Zhao SQ.Analysis on the major gene and multigene mixed inheritance and QTL mapping for early maturity traits in upland cotton.Chin Acad Agric Sci.2016.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.201600501.(in Chinese with English abstract).3.In’Results’part,’Phenotype analysis of 238 cotton boll abscission among cotton accessions’paragraph,the phenotype analysis of AR1 ranging from 19.27%–63.79%,which was wrongly written as 19.27%-63.97%.4.The‘2018KRL’is modified to‘2018KEL’in Table 1.展开更多
Solenostemon rotundifolius is a species belonging to the Lamiaceae family. It is currently one of the minor plants of high socio-economic interest. One of the limitations to promoting this species in Burkina Faso is t...Solenostemon rotundifolius is a species belonging to the Lamiaceae family. It is currently one of the minor plants of high socio-economic interest. One of the limitations to promoting this species in Burkina Faso is the lack of varieties that meet consumers’ demands. Implementing a breeding program is an important step toward achieving this goal. Such a program is based on the variability of agronomical traits of interest within evaluated germplasm. This study aimed to assess the level of two germplasms variability of S. rotundifolius from Ghana and Burkina Faso for traits related to vegetative development, cycle, and yield. Agromorphological characterization of 174 accessions, including 116 from Ghana and 58 from Burkina Faso was carried out in Randomised Complete Block Design with three replications. The characterization was made on the basis of fifteen (15) quantitative traits related to the canopy and leaf size, the cycle, and the yield. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between accessions within each germplasm for all the evaluated traits. The analysis of the structuration of this agromorphological variability allowed organizing the accessions into different groups. These results could lead to the identification of accessions within each germplasm for breeding purposes or future research on genotype-environment interactions.展开更多
Plant germplasm resources is the material foundation and key point for agricultural production, crop breeding and bioengineering. China is one of the centers for the origin of the cultivated plants worldwide, as well ...Plant germplasm resources is the material foundation and key point for agricultural production, crop breeding and bioengineering. China is one of the centers for the origin of the cultivated plants worldwide, as well as one of the countries with most abundant plant resources and the highest biodiversity. Strengthening research in the conservation and utilization of plant germplasm resources is of significant value and importance. In this study, the present status of conservation, utilization, and existing problems of plant germplasm resources in China and around the world were reviewed; further, through analyzing measures taken by global countries for plant germplasm resources protection, countermeasures for plant germplasm resources conservation in China were also presented from three aspects, namely, collection and conservation, information network construction and national legislation and policies.展开更多
Recognizing the variation of genetic resources is the first step in selection.One of the most important variations in grain crops is the uniformity of seed grain weight,which can be converted into seed size.However,it...Recognizing the variation of genetic resources is the first step in selection.One of the most important variations in grain crops is the uniformity of seed grain weight,which can be converted into seed size.However,it has been challenging since it needs high labor costs and time to measure it on a large scale.The current study used an image analysis technique to measure the grain seed area of about 100 seeds per accession with 64 germplasm of Tartary buckwheat(Fagopyrum tataricum)to study variation among and within them.To understand the nature of variation,skewness and kurtosis analysis of probability density function curve for seed area were used.As a result,a large variation among and within accessions was found.This means that the seed sizes within an accession are not uniform in this given cleistogamous species due to its non-uniform flowering time.This implies that the seed size should be considered an important factor for the germplasm enhancement program.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to solve the problem of lacking excellent germplasm resources in asparagus cultivation in China.[Methods]Twenty asparagus germplasm resources were introduced from home and abroad,a...[Objectives]This study was conducted to solve the problem of lacking excellent germplasm resources in asparagus cultivation in China.[Methods]Twenty asparagus germplasm resources were introduced from home and abroad,and evaluated and screened from biological traits,yield,quality,disease resistance and stress resistance.[Results]Six excellent asparagus cultivars were screened out.Four cultivars,Jinguan,Feicuimingzhu,Jiyulvlu3 and Potron,performed well in agronomic traits,yield,commodity quality and disease resistance,and these four varieties had strong resistance to stem wilt,so they are suitable for planting in North China.JX1502 and Jersey knight showed strong salt tolerance,and exhibited a high yield in saline-alkali soil with a soil salt content of 0.56%.indicating that they are suitable for cultivation in coastal saline-alkali areas in China.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of asparagus industry in Hebei Province.展开更多
The cashew tree is a typical tropical nut tree species in China, and the collection, identification and innovated utilization of excellent cashew germplasm resources are of great significance to increase the income of...The cashew tree is a typical tropical nut tree species in China, and the collection, identification and innovated utilization of excellent cashew germplasm resources are of great significance to increase the income of farmers and agricultural benefits in the tropical area of China. This study summarized the major advances on cashew germplasm resources in China, analyzed the major research progress and existing problems from the aspects of the collection and evaluation, resistances, genetic diversity of cashew germplasm resources, and put forward the work ideas to analyze the construction of core germplasm bank and the genetic stability of the major biological characteristics of cashew germplasm resources, which were of important significance for the improvement of the cultivar classification and resource evaluation system of cashew germplasm resources in China.展开更多
There are more than 6 000 clones of Hema brasiliensis Mull. Ary germplasm in the germplasm garden of Chinese National Key Biotechnology Laboratory for Tropical Crops and some of them are elite germplasm demonstrated b...There are more than 6 000 clones of Hema brasiliensis Mull. Ary germplasm in the germplasm garden of Chinese National Key Biotechnology Laboratory for Tropical Crops and some of them are elite germplasm demonstrated by production and previous studies. AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) fingerprinting analysis was performed on 25 clones (15 of Wickham clones and 10 of Amazon wild clones which possess phenotypes with high-yielding,/Iow-yielding, cold-tolerance/cold-sensitivity, oidium-resistance/oidium-sensitivity, tapping panel dryness (TPD) /healthy) respectively through a 377 DNA sequencer (P. E. Corp.) and PAGE electrophoresis results were analyzed by using GeneScan(TM) and Genotype(TM) Analysis software (P. E. Corp. The fragment profiles of different clones were obtained. Five hundred and eighteen fragments were generated by two primer combinations screened from 64 primer combinations and 511 fragments appeared to be polymorphic (98.6%). Genetic distance ranged from 0.25 to 0.81 between clones and ranged from 0.07 to 0.17 within RRIM600 clone. A specific 320 bp fragment of the oidium-resistant clones was found through genotype analysis. These results showed that AFLP fingerprints were highly reproducible and powerful and can be widely used in germplasm identification and genetic diversity analysis of Hema brasiliensis. In addition, based on the AFLP data, cluster analysis was performed. Cluster results showed that all the clones studied were almost clustered into a group one by one.展开更多
In this paper,the research achievements and progress of Yunnan tea germplasm resource in past sixty years are systematically reviewed from the following aspects：exploration,collecting,conservation,protection,identifi...In this paper,the research achievements and progress of Yunnan tea germplasm resource in past sixty years are systematically reviewed from the following aspects：exploration,collecting,conservation,protection,identification,evaluation and shared utilization.Simultaneously,the current problems and the suggestions about subsequent development of tea germplasm resources in Yunnan were discussed,including superior and rare germplasm collection,tea genetic diversity research,biotechnology utilization in tea germplasm innovation,super gene exploration and function,the construction of utilization platform,biological base of species and population conservation.展开更多
Objective The aim was to provide basis for further studies on fruit firmness in peach fruits and the standardization and standardization of peach germplasm resource. [ Method] The analysis of fruit firmness of peach g...Objective The aim was to provide basis for further studies on fruit firmness in peach fruits and the standardization and standardization of peach germplasm resource. [ Method] The analysis of fruit firmness of peach germplasm resource was based on the improved firmness measurement, and the probability grading of characteristics was carried out on peach fruit firmness. [Result] The coefficient of variation of peach fruit firmness with skin was less than that of fruit firmness without skin; the fruit firmness with skin and fruit firmness without skin were both fitted the normal distribution; the probability grading of characteristics were divided into five series based on four points of （X-1. 281 8s）, （X-0. 524 6s）, （X＋0. 524 6s） and （X＋1.281 8s）, so that the probability of 1 -5 were 10%, 20%, 40%, 20% and 10%. [Conclusion] There was more abundant genetic basis in fruit firmness, which held a potential for greater choice.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed at introducing the background and utilization of germplasm resources in maize.[Method] The research progress on genetic background and utilization of maize germplasm resources was compre...[Objective] The research aimed at introducing the background and utilization of germplasm resources in maize.[Method] The research progress on genetic background and utilization of maize germplasm resources was comprehensively reviewed in this paper,including maize heterotic groups and heterotic patterns,their flexible application in breeding and the utilization of various types of original materials.[Result] The results show that germplasm resource is the premise and basis for maize breeding.In-depth understanding and a reasonable selection of germplasm resources can significantly improve the breeding efficiency and speed up the breeding process.At the same time,it is considered that the selection and construction of original materials in maize breeding can not be limited to the heterotic groups and heterotic patterns,but has to be used reasonablely according to different types of germplasm resources and individual breeding objective and idea as well.[Conclusion] This study had broadened the idea and provided inspiration for the maize breeding practice in China.展开更多
Rhododendron simsii（Ericaeae：Rhododendron） has high ornamental value and ecological value.In this study,7 pairs of novel EST-SSR markers were developed from the genomic sequence of R.simsii,and they were used to in...Rhododendron simsii（Ericaeae：Rhododendron） has high ornamental value and ecological value.In this study,7 pairs of novel EST-SSR markers were developed from the genomic sequence of R.simsii,and they were used to investigate the genetic diversity of 32 natural R.simsii samples from Guifeng Mountain,Hubei Province.Results showed that a total of 31 polymorphic bands were amplified with allele number per locus of 4.43.Mean values of heterozygosity（Ho） and expected heterozygosity（He） were 0.679 58 and 0.723 14,respectively.This research will not only enrich the existing SSR database,but also lay a foundation for subsequent studies about molecular marker-assisted breeding,genetic diversity analysis,genetic structure analysis and phylogenetic analysis.展开更多
Using ISSR technique to analyze the diversity and genetic relationship of germplasm resources in 39 Prunus mume Sibe. et Zucc., the result showed that 10 primers were screened with high resolution from 51 primers, 120...Using ISSR technique to analyze the diversity and genetic relationship of germplasm resources in 39 Prunus mume Sibe. et Zucc., the result showed that 10 primers were screened with high resolution from 51 primers, 120 fragments were amplified, of which 98 were polymorphic loci, accounting for 81.67% of total. Tested materials were divided into 3 classes, as was fundamentally accorded with the traditional classification base on horticulture. There was no obvious difference in geographic relationship among the clustering results.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFD1200301 and 2021YFD1200302)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20210813)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32102534)the Yangzhou International Science and Technology Cooperation Projects, China (YZ2021175)。
文摘Germplasm resources are essential for the sustainable development of biodiversity and husbandry of local chickens, as well as for the breeding and industry of superior quality chickens. Unfortunately, many local and indigenous chicken breeds are at risk of declining numbers, emphasizing the need to conserve breed resources for endangered chickens. Primordial germ cells(PGCs) are crucial for preserving germplasm resources by inheriting genetic information from parents to offspring and ensuring stability of genetic material between germlines. In this study,PGCs were isolated from chicken embryos' gonads and cultured in FAcs medium without feeder cells. Over a period of approximately 40 d, the cells proliferated to a number of up to 10^(6), establishing various cell lines. Particularly, 18 PGC lines were created from Rugao Yellow chicken and Shouguang chicken, with an efficiency ranging from 39.1 to 45%. Furthermore, PGCs that had been cultured for 40 passages exhibited typical PGC characteristics, suchas glycogen staining reaction, and expression of pluripotency and reproductive markers. These results confirmthat PGCs maintain stem cell properties even after long-term in vitro culture. Additionally, PGCs cryopreserved for up to 120 d remained viable, maintained typical PGC morphologies, and possessed stable cell proliferation ability. Through intravascular injection into chicken embryos, green fluorescent protein(GFP)-PGCs were found in the recipient embryos' gonads and could develop into gametes to produce offspring, indicating that even after extended culture, PGCs retain their migratory and lineage-transmitting capabilities. This research offers valuable insights into the in vitro cultivation and preservation of PGCs of Chinese indigenous chickens. The findings of this study can be applied in transgenic chicken production and the preservation of genetic resources of indigenous chicken breeds.
基金funded by Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023YFH0006).
文摘Exploring the phenotypic trait variation and diversity of kiwifruit male plant resources can support selection,breeding,and genetic improvement,ultimately enhancing agricultural production.In this study,50 kiwifruit male plants were collected from the resource nursery of Sichuan Provincial Natural Resources Bureau.The phenotypic variation of the germplasm was analyzed using 16 quantitative traits.The analysis involved coefficient of variation(CV),Shannon-Wiener index(H),principal component analysis,correlation analysis,cluster analysis,and comprehensive evaluation.The results showed that the variation range of 16 phenotypic traits in kiwifruit male germplasm resources was 1.55%to 83.71%,with an average coefficient of variation of 28.62%,and an H index of 1.265 to 2.941.The average CVs of diploid,tetraploid,and hexaploid were 22.62%,18.99%and 18.18%,respectively,and the average CV of diploid was the largest.Indicated that the male germplasm resources of kiwifruit showed significant phenotypic diversity,and the diploid showed higher diversity characteristics.Principal component analysis(PCA)revealed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the first seven principal components was 76.66%,which effectively captured the information from 21 traits.Cluster analysis divided the 50 kiwifruit male germplasm resources into 4 clusters;each cluster exhibited distinct phenotypic characteristics.The analysis also determined the trait characteristics and breeding value of each cluster.The results of this study provide valuable information for genetic improvement,protection,and evaluation of kiwifruit male germplasm resources.
基金Supported by Binzhou Social Sciences Planning Project in 2024(24-SKGH-051)Binzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station Project of Shandong Provincial Forage Industry Technology System(SDAIT-23-10).
文摘This paper investigated and analyzed the conservation and utilization of four local livestock breeds in Binzhou City:Wadi Sheep,Bohai Black Cattle,Wudi Donkey,and Lubei White Goat.Shortcomings in the protection and utilization of local germplasm resources were pointed out,and strategies and recommendations were proposed to promote high-quality development of livestock and poultry genetic resources in Binzhou,including building a solid germplasm foundation,standardizing production,and driving innovation.This paper provides references for the conservation,development,and utilization of local genetic resources in Binzhou City.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFF0711805,2022YFF0711801,and 2021YFF0704204)the Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City,China(Grant No.SCKJ-JYRC-2023-45)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31971792 and 32160421)the Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)(Grant Nos.CAAS-ASTIP-2024-AII and ZDXM23011)the Special Fund of Chinese Central Government for Basic Scientific Research Operations in Commonweal Research Institutes(Grant No.JBYW-AII-2024-05)the Nanfan Special Project,CAAS,China(Grant No.YBXM2312).
文摘Accurate evaluation of disease levels in wild rice germplasm and identification of disease resistance are critical for developing rice varieties resistant to blast disease.However,existing evaluation methods face limitations that hinder progress in breeding.To address these challenges,we proposed an AI-powered method for evaluating blast disease levels and identifying resistance in wild rice.A lightweight segmentation model for diseased leaves and lesions was developed,incorporating an improved federated learning approach to enhance robustness and adaptability.Based on the segmentation results and resistance identification technical specifications,wild rice materials were evaluated into 10 disease levels(L0 to L9),further enabling disease-resistance identification through multiple replicates of the same materials.The method was successfully implemented on augmented reality glasses for real-time,first-person evaluation.Additionally,high-speed scanners and edge computing devices were integrated to enable continuous,precise,and dynamic evaluation.Experimental results demonstrate the outstanding performance of the proposed method,achieving effective segmentation of diseased leaves and lesions with only 0.22 M parameters and 5.3 G floating-point operations per second(FLOPs),with a mean average precision(mAP@0.5)of 96.3%.The accuracy of disease level evaluation and disease-resistance identification reached 99.7%,with a practical test accuracy of 99.0%,successfully identifying three highly resistant wild rice materials.This method provides strong technical support for efficiently identifying wild rice materials resistant to blast disease and advancing resistance breeding efforts.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171957)Scientific and Technological Innovation 2030,Design and Cultivation of New High-Yielding Salt-Alkali Tolerant Soybean Varieties(2023ZD0403602)Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan(2023020201010127).
文摘Soil salinization is a globally prevalent abiotic environmental stress.The imbalance of ions caused by high concentrations of sodium chloride results in a 40%reduction in soybean yield.Soybean,as an important crop for soil quality improvement,necessitates the identification of salt-tolerant varieties and germplasms to effectively utilize and enhance saline-alkali land.In this study,we assessed the salt tolerance of 435 soybean varieties and germplasms during the seedling stage.Among them,Qihuang34,You2104,Hongzhudou,Pamanheidou,and Osage exhibited grade 1 salt tolerance rates surpassing other tested materials.Furthermore,Hongzhudou and Qihuang34 demonstrated higher salt tolerance during germination and emergence stages based on their elevated rates of emergence,salt tolerance index,chlorophyll content,and shoot fresh weights.Overall findings provide valuable resources for molecular breeding efforts aimed at developing salt-tolerant soybean varieties suitable for cultivation in saline-alkali soils.
基金supported by the GENES intra-Africa Academic Mobility scheme of the European Union(EU-GENES:EACEA/2917/2552)the DESIRA-ABEE project funded by European Union。
文摘Peanut is a worldwide oilseed crop and the need to assess germplasm in a non-destructive manner is important for seed nutritional breeding.In this study,Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS)was applied to rapidly assess germplasm variability from whole seed of 699 samples,field-collected and assembled in four genetic and environmentbased sets:one set of 300 varieties of a core-collection and three sets of 133 genotypes of an interspecific population,evaluated in three environments in a large spatial scale of two countries,Mbalmayo and Bafia in Cameroon and Nioro in Senegal,under rainfed conditions.NIR elemental spectra were gathered on six subsets of seeds of each sample,after three rotation scans,with a spectral resolution of 16 cm-1over the spectral range of867 nm to 2530 nm.Spectra were then processed by principal component analysis(PCA)coupled with Partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).As results,a huge variability was found between varieties and genotypes for all NIR wavelength within and between environments.The magnitude of genetic variation was particularly observed at 11 relevant wavelengths such as 1723 nm,usually related to oil content and fatty acid composition.PCA yielded the most chemical attributes in three significant PCs(i.e.,eigenvalues>10),which together captured 93%of the total variation,revealing genetic and environment structure of varieties and genotypes into four clusters,corresponding to the four samples sets.The pattern of genetic variability of the interspecific population covers,remarkably half of spectrum of the core-collection,turning out to be the largest.Interestingly,a PLS-DA model was developed and a strong accuracy of 99.6%was achieved for the four sets,aiming to classify each seed sample according to environment origin.The confusion matrix achieved for the two sets of Bafia and Nioro showed 100%of instances classified correctly with 100%at both sensitivity and specificity,confirming that their seed quality was different from each other and all other samples.Overall,NIRS chemometrics is useful to assess and distinguish seeds from different environments and highlights the value of the interspecific population and core-collection,as a source of nutritional diversity,to support the breeding efforts.
文摘Oil palm germplasm collected from Angola,Africa in 1991 were subjected to genetic variability potential studies.The collection was planted in the form of open-pollinated families as trials at the Malaysian Palm Oil Board(MPOB)Kluang Research Station,Johor,Malaysia,in 1994.Dura palms from 52 families and tenera palms from 44 families of MPOB-Angola were evaluated for their bunch yield and bunch quality components.The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic variability among the families and performance of MPOB-Angola germplasm for yield improvement.The analysis of variance(ANOVA)revealed highly significant differences between the dura and tenera families for most of the traits,suggesting the presence of high genetic variability,which is essential for breeding programmes.Among the duras,family AGO 02.02 displayed the best yield performance,with a high fresh fruit bunch,oil yield and total economic product at 240.40,29.46 and 37.93 kg palm^(-1)year^(-1),respectively.As for the teneras,family AGO 03.04 recorded the highest FFB yield and oil yield at 249.25 and 45.22 kg palm^(-1)year^(-1),respectively.Besides that,several families with big fruit sizes or producing a mean fruit weight of 14-17 g were also identified.Both dura and tenera from AGO 01.01 recorded the highest oil to bunch(O/B)of 17.76%and 28.65%,respectively.These findings will facilitate the selection of palms from the MPOB-Angola germplasm for future breeding programmes.
文摘Correction:J Cotton Res 7,20(2024)https://doi.org/10.1186/s42397-024-00180-3 Following publication of the original article(Shui et al.2024),the author found 5 errors in the published article.1.One of the author’s name has been corrected from Gou Chunping to Guo Chunping.2.The reference(Zhao SQ.2016)in Table 2 has been updated to:Zhao SQ.Analysis on the major gene and multigene mixed inheritance and QTL mapping for early maturity traits in upland cotton.Chin Acad Agric Sci.2016.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.201600501.(in Chinese with English abstract).3.In’Results’part,’Phenotype analysis of 238 cotton boll abscission among cotton accessions’paragraph,the phenotype analysis of AR1 ranging from 19.27%–63.79%,which was wrongly written as 19.27%-63.97%.4.The‘2018KRL’is modified to‘2018KEL’in Table 1.
文摘Solenostemon rotundifolius is a species belonging to the Lamiaceae family. It is currently one of the minor plants of high socio-economic interest. One of the limitations to promoting this species in Burkina Faso is the lack of varieties that meet consumers’ demands. Implementing a breeding program is an important step toward achieving this goal. Such a program is based on the variability of agronomical traits of interest within evaluated germplasm. This study aimed to assess the level of two germplasms variability of S. rotundifolius from Ghana and Burkina Faso for traits related to vegetative development, cycle, and yield. Agromorphological characterization of 174 accessions, including 116 from Ghana and 58 from Burkina Faso was carried out in Randomised Complete Block Design with three replications. The characterization was made on the basis of fifteen (15) quantitative traits related to the canopy and leaf size, the cycle, and the yield. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between accessions within each germplasm for all the evaluated traits. The analysis of the structuration of this agromorphological variability allowed organizing the accessions into different groups. These results could lead to the identification of accessions within each germplasm for breeding purposes or future research on genotype-environment interactions.
基金Supported by the Beijing Nova Program(2008B37)the Major Research Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Science and Technology(D131100000413001)+2 种基金National Key Technologies R&D Program(2012BAK26B03)the Special Fund for Construction of Scientific and Technological Innovation Ability of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciencesthe Special Research Fund for the Youth of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(QNJJ201211)~~
文摘Plant germplasm resources is the material foundation and key point for agricultural production, crop breeding and bioengineering. China is one of the centers for the origin of the cultivated plants worldwide, as well as one of the countries with most abundant plant resources and the highest biodiversity. Strengthening research in the conservation and utilization of plant germplasm resources is of significant value and importance. In this study, the present status of conservation, utilization, and existing problems of plant germplasm resources in China and around the world were reviewed; further, through analyzing measures taken by global countries for plant germplasm resources protection, countermeasures for plant germplasm resources conservation in China were also presented from three aspects, namely, collection and conservation, information network construction and national legislation and policies.
基金supported by a grant from the Standardization and Integration of Resources Information for Seed-Cluster in Hub-Spoke Material Bank Program(Project No.PJ01587004),Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea.
文摘Recognizing the variation of genetic resources is the first step in selection.One of the most important variations in grain crops is the uniformity of seed grain weight,which can be converted into seed size.However,it has been challenging since it needs high labor costs and time to measure it on a large scale.The current study used an image analysis technique to measure the grain seed area of about 100 seeds per accession with 64 germplasm of Tartary buckwheat(Fagopyrum tataricum)to study variation among and within them.To understand the nature of variation,skewness and kurtosis analysis of probability density function curve for seed area were used.As a result,a large variation among and within accessions was found.This means that the seed sizes within an accession are not uniform in this given cleistogamous species due to its non-uniform flowering time.This implies that the seed size should be considered an important factor for the germplasm enhancement program.
基金Supported by HAAFS Science and Technology Innovation Special Project(2022KJCXZX-JZS-08)S&T Program of Hebei(22326309D)Hebei Agriculture Research System(HBCT2024130214).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to solve the problem of lacking excellent germplasm resources in asparagus cultivation in China.[Methods]Twenty asparagus germplasm resources were introduced from home and abroad,and evaluated and screened from biological traits,yield,quality,disease resistance and stress resistance.[Results]Six excellent asparagus cultivars were screened out.Four cultivars,Jinguan,Feicuimingzhu,Jiyulvlu3 and Potron,performed well in agronomic traits,yield,commodity quality and disease resistance,and these four varieties had strong resistance to stem wilt,so they are suitable for planting in North China.JX1502 and Jersey knight showed strong salt tolerance,and exhibited a high yield in saline-alkali soil with a soil salt content of 0.56%.indicating that they are suitable for cultivation in coastal saline-alkali areas in China.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of asparagus industry in Hebei Province.
基金Supported by the National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant of CATAS-TCGRI(16300320150331630032014032+1 种基金PZSFYL-201613)the Ministry of Agriculture Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources Protection(16RZZY-101)~~
文摘The cashew tree is a typical tropical nut tree species in China, and the collection, identification and innovated utilization of excellent cashew germplasm resources are of great significance to increase the income of farmers and agricultural benefits in the tropical area of China. This study summarized the major advances on cashew germplasm resources in China, analyzed the major research progress and existing problems from the aspects of the collection and evaluation, resistances, genetic diversity of cashew germplasm resources, and put forward the work ideas to analyze the construction of core germplasm bank and the genetic stability of the major biological characteristics of cashew germplasm resources, which were of important significance for the improvement of the cultivar classification and resource evaluation system of cashew germplasm resources in China.
文摘There are more than 6 000 clones of Hema brasiliensis Mull. Ary germplasm in the germplasm garden of Chinese National Key Biotechnology Laboratory for Tropical Crops and some of them are elite germplasm demonstrated by production and previous studies. AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) fingerprinting analysis was performed on 25 clones (15 of Wickham clones and 10 of Amazon wild clones which possess phenotypes with high-yielding,/Iow-yielding, cold-tolerance/cold-sensitivity, oidium-resistance/oidium-sensitivity, tapping panel dryness (TPD) /healthy) respectively through a 377 DNA sequencer (P. E. Corp.) and PAGE electrophoresis results were analyzed by using GeneScan(TM) and Genotype(TM) Analysis software (P. E. Corp. The fragment profiles of different clones were obtained. Five hundred and eighteen fragments were generated by two primer combinations screened from 64 primer combinations and 511 fragments appeared to be polymorphic (98.6%). Genetic distance ranged from 0.25 to 0.81 between clones and ranged from 0.07 to 0.17 within RRIM600 clone. A specific 320 bp fragment of the oidium-resistant clones was found through genotype analysis. These results showed that AFLP fingerprints were highly reproducible and powerful and can be widely used in germplasm identification and genetic diversity analysis of Hema brasiliensis. In addition, based on the AFLP data, cluster analysis was performed. Cluster results showed that all the clones studied were almost clustered into a group one by one.
基金Supported by Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (31160175)Project of Tea Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2009A0937)National Modern Agriculture Technology System Projects in Tea Industry (nycytx-23)~~
文摘In this paper,the research achievements and progress of Yunnan tea germplasm resource in past sixty years are systematically reviewed from the following aspects：exploration,collecting,conservation,protection,identification,evaluation and shared utilization.Simultaneously,the current problems and the suggestions about subsequent development of tea germplasm resources in Yunnan were discussed,including superior and rare germplasm collection,tea genetic diversity research,biotechnology utilization in tea germplasm innovation,super gene exploration and function,the construction of utilization platform,biological base of species and population conservation.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Plan Project(2008BAD92B02)the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industryTechnology Research System(nycytx-31-zs-4)~~
文摘Objective The aim was to provide basis for further studies on fruit firmness in peach fruits and the standardization and standardization of peach germplasm resource. [ Method] The analysis of fruit firmness of peach germplasm resource was based on the improved firmness measurement, and the probability grading of characteristics was carried out on peach fruit firmness. [Result] The coefficient of variation of peach fruit firmness with skin was less than that of fruit firmness without skin; the fruit firmness with skin and fruit firmness without skin were both fitted the normal distribution; the probability grading of characteristics were divided into five series based on four points of （X-1. 281 8s）, （X-0. 524 6s）, （X＋0. 524 6s） and （X＋1.281 8s）, so that the probability of 1 -5 were 10%, 20%, 40%, 20% and 10%. [Conclusion] There was more abundant genetic basis in fruit firmness, which held a potential for greater choice.
基金Supported by National Key Technology R&D Program(2007BAD69B05)~~
文摘[Objective] The research aimed at introducing the background and utilization of germplasm resources in maize.[Method] The research progress on genetic background and utilization of maize germplasm resources was comprehensively reviewed in this paper,including maize heterotic groups and heterotic patterns,their flexible application in breeding and the utilization of various types of original materials.[Result] The results show that germplasm resource is the premise and basis for maize breeding.In-depth understanding and a reasonable selection of germplasm resources can significantly improve the breeding efficiency and speed up the breeding process.At the same time,it is considered that the selection and construction of original materials in maize breeding can not be limited to the heterotic groups and heterotic patterns,but has to be used reasonablely according to different types of germplasm resources and individual breeding objective and idea as well.[Conclusion] This study had broadened the idea and provided inspiration for the maize breeding practice in China.
文摘Rhododendron simsii（Ericaeae：Rhododendron） has high ornamental value and ecological value.In this study,7 pairs of novel EST-SSR markers were developed from the genomic sequence of R.simsii,and they were used to investigate the genetic diversity of 32 natural R.simsii samples from Guifeng Mountain,Hubei Province.Results showed that a total of 31 polymorphic bands were amplified with allele number per locus of 4.43.Mean values of heterozygosity（Ho） and expected heterozygosity（He） were 0.679 58 and 0.723 14,respectively.This research will not only enrich the existing SSR database,but also lay a foundation for subsequent studies about molecular marker-assisted breeding,genetic diversity analysis,genetic structure analysis and phylogenetic analysis.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Guang-dong Province (2007A020300002-6)~~
文摘Using ISSR technique to analyze the diversity and genetic relationship of germplasm resources in 39 Prunus mume Sibe. et Zucc., the result showed that 10 primers were screened with high resolution from 51 primers, 120 fragments were amplified, of which 98 were polymorphic loci, accounting for 81.67% of total. Tested materials were divided into 3 classes, as was fundamentally accorded with the traditional classification base on horticulture. There was no obvious difference in geographic relationship among the clustering results.
