Hybrid Gel is the emerging soft matter in food applications that attracted the attention of food scientists owing to its beneficial characteristics as a substitute for saturated fat.The beneficial characteristics like...Hybrid Gel is the emerging soft matter in food applications that attracted the attention of food scientists owing to its beneficial characteristics as a substitute for saturated fat.The beneficial characteristics like good rheological,mechanical,thermal,and oxidative stability can be achieved using proper synergism between the individual phases.The variation in the oleogel/hydrogel phases can affect the mechanical strength of Hybrid Gel;an increase in the oleogel phase enhances the strength of Hybrid Gel.The incorporation of components like nanoparticles and colloidal particles further strengthens the gel system by enhancing the storage modulus,gel stability,oil-holding capacity,firmness,and hardness.Such Hybrid Gels can be used as a substitute for saturated fat that gives good functional,textural,and sensory attributes to the final product as compared with the saturated fat and has received positive consumer acceptance.The main objective of this concise review is to explore Hybrid Gel,understand conventional and unconventional Hybrid Gel systems,their important characteristics,and their application as a potential substitute for saturated fat in processed food products.展开更多
CO_(2)-responsive gels,which swell upon contact with CO_(2),are widely used for profile control to plug high-permeability gas flow channels in carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)applications in oil reser-voir...CO_(2)-responsive gels,which swell upon contact with CO_(2),are widely used for profile control to plug high-permeability gas flow channels in carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)applications in oil reser-voirs.However,the use of these gels in high-temperature CCUS applications is limited due to their rever-sible swelling behavior at elevated temperatures.In this study,a novel dispersed particle gel(DPG)suspension is developed for high-temperature profile control in CCUS applications.First,we synthesize a double-network hydrogel consisting of a crosslinked polyacrylamide(PAAm)network and a crosslinked sodium alginate(SA)network.The hydrogel is then sheared in water to form a pre-prepared DPG suspen-sion.To enhance its performance,the gel particles are modified by introducing potassium methylsilan-etriolate(PMS)upon CO_(2) exposure.Comparing the particle size distributions of the modified and pre-prepared DPG suspension reveals a significant swelling of gel particles,over twice their original size.Moreover,subjecting the new DPG suspension to a 100℃ environment for 24 h demonstrates that its gel particle sizes do not decrease,confirming irreversible swelling,which is a significant advantage over the traditional CO_(2)-responsive gels.Thermogravimetric analysis further indicates improved thermal sta-bility compared to the pre-prepared DPG particles.Core flooding experiments show that the new DPG suspension achieves a high plugging efficiency of 95.3%in plugging an ultra-high permeability sandpack,whereas the pre-prepared DPG suspension achieves only 82.8%.With its high swelling ratio,irreversible swelling at high temperatures,enhanced thermal stability,and superior plugging performance,the newly developed DPG suspension in this work presents a highly promising solution for profile control in high-temperature CCUS applications.展开更多
Polymer gels are widely used in water control and enhanced oil recovery in oil fields.However,the damage mechanism of polymer gels to layers with remaining oil and not requiring plugging and corresponding protective m...Polymer gels are widely used in water control and enhanced oil recovery in oil fields.However,the damage mechanism of polymer gels to layers with remaining oil and not requiring plugging and corresponding protective measures are unclear.In this paper,we investigated polymer gels'damage and protection performance through static gel-breaking experiments and dynamic plugging and oil recovery evaluations on rock cores.Moreover,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)technology was combined to analyze the damage performance of polymer gels on cores from the pore scale.In addition,a protective technique based on gel breakers for layers with remaining oil and not requiring plugging was proposed.Results showed that when polymer gels were injected into heterogeneous cores,they plugged high-permeability layers while also penetrating low-permeability layers.When the damage to the low-permeability layers was not alleviated,the conformance and oil displacement efficiency were significantly reduced.When the concentration of ammonium persulfate was 2%–5%,the gel-breaking time was shortest and the residue was very minimal.Therefore,ammonium persulfate could be used as a gel breaker and reservoir protective material.Furthermore,after injecting ammonium persulfate into heterogeneous reservoir cores,the gel damage on the face of low-permeability layers was relieved.Consequently,the improvement in sweep efficiency was achieved,showing the re-activation of the remaining oil in medium-low permeability layers.Therefore,the low-permeability layer protection process and core experiment study based on gel-breaking agents proposed in this study were suggested to provide a new technique for the field application of conformance modification agents,aiming to achieve higher recovery degrees.展开更多
To enhance the gelation activity of steel slag,a calcination process was employed to activate it.The activated steel slag was then utilized as the primary raw material,combined with sodium silicate as the activator,to...To enhance the gelation activity of steel slag,a calcination process was employed to activate it.The activated steel slag was then utilized as the primary raw material,combined with sodium silicate as the activator,to prepare a gel material.The effect of calcination temperature on the physicochemical properties of steel slag and the resulting samples was examined.The chemical composition and microstructure of the steel slag,along with the derived samples,were meticulously examined using advanced analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and scanning electron microscope analysis.The results show that calcination can significantly enhance the gelation activity of steel slag.The steel slag exhibits its highest gelation activity at the temperature of 600℃.At this temperature,the compressive strength of the material reaches its highest value of 11.7 MPa,while the porosity is at its lowest level of 12.6%.The microstructure of the samples reveals large continuous regions on the surface of the gel material,with minimal surface cracks.展开更多
CO_(2)flooding enhanced oil recovery(CO_(2)-EOR)represents a significant technology in the low permeability reservoir.With the fractures and heterogeneity in low permeability reservoirs,CO_(2)-EOR is susceptible to pe...CO_(2)flooding enhanced oil recovery(CO_(2)-EOR)represents a significant technology in the low permeability reservoir.With the fractures and heterogeneity in low permeability reservoirs,CO_(2)-EOR is susceptible to pessimistic gas channeling.Consequently,there is a need to develop conformance control materials that can be used in CO_(2)-EOR.Herein,to address the challenges of low strength and poor stability of polymer gel in high temperature and low permeability reservoirs,a new organic/metal ion composite crosslinking polymer gel(AR-Gel)is reported,which is formed by low hydrolysis and medium to high molecular weight polymer(CX-305),organic crosslinking agent(phenolic resin),and aluminium citrate(AI(Ⅲ)).The crosslinking of AI(Ⅲ)with carboxyl group and organic/metal ion double crosslinking can construct a more complex and stable polymer gel structure on the basis of traditional chemical crosslinking,to cope with the harsh conditions such as high temperature.The structure-activity relationship of AR-Gel was revealed by rheology behavior and micro-morphology.The applicability of AR-Gel in reservoir was investigated,as was its strength and stability in supercritical CO_(2).The anti-gas channeling and enhanced oil recovery of AR-Gel were investigated using low permeability fractured cores,and the field process parameters were provided.The gel can be used to meet supercritical CO_(2)reservoirs at 110℃and 20,000 mg/L salinity,with long-term stability over 60 days.The plugging rate of AR-Gel for fractured co re was 97%,with subsequent CO_(2)flooding re sulting in an enhanced oil recovery by 34.5%.ARGel can effectively control CO_(2)gas channeling and enhanced oil recovery.It offers a new material with high strength and temperature resistance,which is particularly beneficial in the CO_(2)flooding for the conformance control of oil field.展开更多
Gels and conductive polymer composites,including hydrogen bonds(HBs),have emerged as promising materials for electro-magnetic wave(EMW)absorption across various applications.However,the relationship between conduction...Gels and conductive polymer composites,including hydrogen bonds(HBs),have emerged as promising materials for electro-magnetic wave(EMW)absorption across various applications.However,the relationship between conduction loss in EMW-absorbing materials and charge transfer in HB remains to be fully understood.In this study,we developed a series of deep eutectic gels to fine-tune the quantity of HB by adjusting the molar ratio of choline chloride(ChCl)and ethylene glycol(EG).Owing to the unique properties of deep eutectic gels,the effects of magnetic loss and polarization loss on EMW attenuation can be disregarded.Our results indicate that the quantity of HB initially increases and then decreases with the introduction of EG,with HB-induced conductive loss following similar pat-terns.At a ChCl and EG molar ratio of 2.4,the gel labeled G22-CE2.4 exhibited the best EMW absorption performance,characterized by an effective absorption bandwidth of 8.50 GHz and a thickness of 2.54 mm.This superior performance is attributed to the synergistic ef-fects of excellent conductive loss and impedance matching generated by the optimal number of HB.This work elucidates the role of HB in dielectric loss for the first time and provides valuable insights into the optimal design of supramolecular polymer absorbers.展开更多
The risk of flammability is an unavoidable issue for gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs).Usually,flameretardant solvents are necessary to be used,but most of them would react with anode/cathode easily and cause serious int...The risk of flammability is an unavoidable issue for gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs).Usually,flameretardant solvents are necessary to be used,but most of them would react with anode/cathode easily and cause serious interfacial instability,which is a big challenge for design and application of nonflammable GPEs.Here,a nonflammable GPE(SGPE)is developed by in situ polymerizing trifluoroethyl methacrylate(TFMA)monomers with flame-retardant triethyl phosphate(TEP)solvents and LiTFSI–LiDFOB dual lithium salts.TEP is strongly anchored to PTFMA matrix via polarity interaction between-P=O and-CH_(2)CF_(3).It reduces free TEP molecules,which obviously mitigates interfacial reactions,and enhances flame-retardant performance of TEP surprisingly.Anchored TEP molecules are also inhibited in solvation of Li^(+),leading to anion-dominated solvation sheath,which creates inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface/cathode electrolyte interface layers.Such coordination structure changes Li^(+)transport from sluggish vehicular to fast structural transport,raising ionic conductivity to 1.03 mS cm^(-1) and transfer number to 0.41 at 30℃.The Li|SGPE|Li cell presents highly reversible Li stripping/plating performance for over 1000 h at 0.1 mA cm^(−2),and 4.2 V LiCoO_(2)|SGPE|Li battery delivers high average specific capacity>120 mAh g^(−1) over 200 cycles.This study paves a new way to make nonflammable GPE that is compatible with Li metal anode.展开更多
The presence of endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult mammalian brain suggests that the central nervous system can be repaired and regenerated after injury.However,whether it is possible to stimulate ne...The presence of endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult mammalian brain suggests that the central nervous system can be repaired and regenerated after injury.However,whether it is possible to stimulate neurogenesis and reconstruct cortical layers II to VI in non-neurogenic regions,such as the cortex,remains unknown.In this study,we implanted a hyaluronic acid collagen gel loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor into the motor cortex immediately following traumatic injury.Our findings reveal that this gel effectively stimulated the proliferation and migration of endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells,as well as their differentiation into mature and functionally integrated neurons.Importantly,these new neurons reconstructed the architecture of cortical layers II to VI,integrated into the existing neural circuitry,and ultimately led to improved brain function.These findings offer novel insight into potential clinical treatments for traumatic cerebral cortex injuries.展开更多
Background:Luliconazole is an imidazole antifungal drug mainly used to treat dermatophytic infections including tinea pedis,tinea cruris,and tinea corporis.Objective:The purpose of this research was to synthesize a tr...Background:Luliconazole is an imidazole antifungal drug mainly used to treat dermatophytic infections including tinea pedis,tinea cruris,and tinea corporis.Objective:The purpose of this research was to synthesize a transferosomal gel incorporating luliconazole for external applications.Materials and methods:The preparation method employed thin film hydration to prepare transferosomes loaded with luliconazole with lecithin and tween 80 at different concentrations.The transferosomes formed were characterized in terms of particle size and entrapment efficiency.Finally,the prepared transferosomes were applied in a carbopol gel base and characterized for drug content,pH,spreadability,viscosity,in vitro release profile,and antifungal studies.Results:The synthesized luliconazole transferosomes had high entrapment efficiency of 74.45%,and 92.75%,with particle size ranging between 60 and 200 nm.The shape of the transferosomes was established using scanning electron microscopy;the results depicted spherical-shaped vesicles.The in vitro release study also suggested that the entrapment efficiency influences in vitro release where there is a negative relationship between the two.The gel formulation revealed a good antifungal effect.Conclusion:The luliconazole transferosomal gel exhibited a sustained release profile of the drug and thus may lessen the number of applications required,thereby enhancing patient compliance.展开更多
Supramolecular gelators can confine lubricating oils into gels and anchor them to the substrates,reducing friction and wear in mechanical engineering.However,excessive gel network confinement traps lubricants within g...Supramolecular gelators can confine lubricating oils into gels and anchor them to the substrates,reducing friction and wear in mechanical engineering.However,excessive gel network confinement traps lubricants within gel clusters,hindering lubricant release,whereas the insufficient confinement is detrimental to a stable lubricating film formation in lubricant-gel-substrate anchoring system,both increasing friction and wear.Current strategies based on gelator polar groups design,simultaneously enhancing or weakening the confinement effect,are impractical for balancing this contradiction.To address this,we developed a carboxyl-based strong anchoring gelator and tailored the gel’s self-assembled network structure by adjusting alkyl chain effect,thereby effectively balancing the network confinement,inhibiting lubricant cluster formation,and reducing energy dissipation.Under friction,this design enables stronger lubricant anchoring at the substrate,forming a dual-confinement protective film that in-situ reduces the coefficient of friction(72%)and wear volume(94%).Compared with reported systems and commercial products,our gelator exhibited the highest friction-reducing and anti-wear performance.This research opens new perspectives in designing supramolecular lubricant confinement networks for achieving high-performance lubrication systems.展开更多
Thermoresponsive hydrogels based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAm)often undergo syneresis upon heating,and thus become irrecoverable in shape.To overcome this limitation,we copolymerize tetra-armed PNIPAm precurs...Thermoresponsive hydrogels based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAm)often undergo syneresis upon heating,and thus become irrecoverable in shape.To overcome this limitation,we copolymerize tetra-armed PNIPAm precursor with tetra-armed poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)precursor.After incorporating the hydrophilic PEG components,the hydrogel samples exhibited recoverable swellability during repeated heating-cooling cycles,during which phase segregation occurred,and the water repelled from the PNIPAm-rich phase can be accommodated in the PEG-rich phase.As a result,recoverability relied on the swellability of the PEG-rich phase,which correlated quantitatively with the molar mass and concentration of the precursor solution.This study provides an effective protocol for the molecular design of stimuli-responsive hydrogels with a desired degree of shape recoverability.展开更多
Convertible hydrogel supercapacitors have emerged as promising energy storage devices in switches,diodes,and transistors.However,inherent weaknesses in ionic conductivity,mechanical properties,and water retention of h...Convertible hydrogel supercapacitors have emerged as promising energy storage devices in switches,diodes,and transistors.However,inherent weaknesses in ionic conductivity,mechanical properties,and water retention of hydrogel electrolytes seriously hinder their development.Inspired by the hardness conversion of sea cucumber skin,a conductivity and mechanics dual-tunable salt gel electrolyte is successfully designed.The salt gel presents a reversible switching of conductors-insulators and a mechanical regulation between softness and hardness via the dissolution-crystallization transition of sodium acetate trihydrate(SAT).Meanwhile,the salt gels spontaneously grow a layer of“armor”through saturated phase-change salt crystals effectively reducing water evaporation of hydrogel electrolytes.Furthermore,this phase-change soft-rigid conversion strategy will expand the capabilities of gel-based flexible supercapacitors(area capacitance:258.6 mF cm^(-2)),and the capacitance retention rate could still reach 86.9%after 3000 cycles at high temperatures.Moreover,the salt gel supercapacitor is potentially used in over-heat alarm systems.It is anticipated that the strategy of conductivity and mechanics of dual-tunable salt gel would provide a new perspective on the development of energy storage devices,wearable electronics,and flexible robots.展开更多
Re-crosslinkable preformed particle gel(RPPG)has been considered to be one of the most promising gels for dealing with fracture and void space conduit(VSC)conformance problems.However,the dehydration of RPPG during it...Re-crosslinkable preformed particle gel(RPPG)has been considered to be one of the most promising gels for dealing with fracture and void space conduit(VSC)conformance problems.However,the dehydration of RPPG during its propagation in the fracture-type features and its effect on gel properties remains unclear.This paper investigates the dehydration behavior during RPPG propagating in an open fracture using matrix-free fracture model.Then the results were verified using real fractured sandstone core model.Moreover,the gel properties after extruding a fracture were studied in detail including gel dehydration and gel strength.Results reveal that the RPPG properties changed significantly with increasing propagation distance,which correlated with the gel injection rate.At high gel injection rates,the dehydration and gel strength(Gʹ)decrease with increasing propagation distance.In contrast,the opposite result was found at low injection rates.Based on the study of the different gel injection rates,it is found that dehydration time is another key factor affecting dehydration behavior.Results also indicate that the fracture width affects gel dehydration at different locations.Dehydration was more pronounced at narrow fractures but only in the inlet section,while in the outlet section,RPPG contains more water than the initial condition.This study has profound implications for field applications.It provides new insights into the transport of RPPG in fractures and helps field engineers to optimize the gel injection operations.展开更多
Objective:To observed the effect of a curcumin-based vaginal gel combined with electroporation for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC)caused by Candida albicans.Methods:Temperature-sensitive in situ gels(IS...Objective:To observed the effect of a curcumin-based vaginal gel combined with electroporation for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC)caused by Candida albicans.Methods:Temperature-sensitive in situ gels(ISG)were prepared using poloxamers 407 and 188 as matrices.The mass ratio of poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188 was 7:1 with a gelation temperature of approximately 29℃ and gelation time of 2.5 min.Results:Electroporation increased the transmucosal permeability of the model drug,doxorubicin and improved the antifungal effects of curcumin.In vitro antifungal experiments showed that the number of fungal colonies in curcumin ISG combined with electroporation was lower than that in pure curcumin ISG.In vivo pharmacodynamic experiments showed that,compared to the model group,curcumin ISG with electroporation inhibited the growth of C.albicans,alleviated vaginal mucosal edema,and reduced the inflammatory response.Conclusion:Curcumin ISG combined with electroporation has substantial potential for the efficient clinical treatment of VVC.展开更多
The challenge of effectively eliminating air during gastrointestinal endoscopy using ultrasound techniques is apparent.This difficulty arises from the intricacies of removing concealed air within the folds of the gast...The challenge of effectively eliminating air during gastrointestinal endoscopy using ultrasound techniques is apparent.This difficulty arises from the intricacies of removing concealed air within the folds of the gastrointestinal tract,resulting in artifacts and compromised visualization.In addition,the overlap of folds with lesions can obscure their depth and size,presenting challenges for an accurate assessment.Conversely,in intricately folded regions of the gastrointestinal tract,such as the stomach,intestine,and colon,insufficient delivery of air or CO_(2) into the cavity impedes luminal expansion,hindering the accurate visualization of lesions concealed within the folds.Although this underscores the requirement for substantial airflow,excessive airflow can hinder visualization of bleeding lesions and other abnormalities.Considering these challenges,an ideal endoscopic device would facilitate the observation of lesions without the requirement for air or CO_(2) delivery whereas,ensuring optimal expansion of the gastrointestinal tract.Recently,transparent gels with specific viscosities have been employed more frequently to address this issue.This review aims to elucidate how these gels address these challenges and provide a solution for enhanced endoscopic visualization.展开更多
Cu_(2)ZnSnSSe_(4)(CZTSSe)thin film solar cells,with adjustable bandgap and rich elemental content,hold promise in next-gen photovoltaics.Crystalline quality is pivotal for efficient light absorption and carrier transp...Cu_(2)ZnSnSSe_(4)(CZTSSe)thin film solar cells,with adjustable bandgap and rich elemental content,hold promise in next-gen photovoltaics.Crystalline quality is pivotal for efficient light absorption and carrier transport.During the post-selenization process,understanding crystal growth mechanisms,and improving layer quality are essential.We explored the effects of ramp rate and annealing temperature on CZTSSe films,using X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,scanning electron microscope(SEM),and ultraviolet-visual spectrophotometry(UV-Vis).The optimal performance occurred at 25.25°C/min ramp rate and 530°C annealing.This led to smoother surfaces,higher density,and larger grains.This condition produced a single-layer structure with large grains,no secondary phases,and a 1.14 eV bandgap,making it promising for photovoltaic applications.The study has highlighted the effect of selenization conditions on the characteristics of the CZTSSe absorber layer and has provided valuable information for developing CZTSSe thin film solar cells.展开更多
Flexible and stretchable energy storage devices are highly desirable for wearable electronics,particularly in the emerging fields of smart clothes,medical instruments,and stretchable skin.Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)...Flexible and stretchable energy storage devices are highly desirable for wearable electronics,particularly in the emerging fields of smart clothes,medical instruments,and stretchable skin.Lithium metal batteries(LMBs) with high power density and long cycle life are one of the ideal power sources for flexible and stretchable energy storage devices.However,the current LMBs are usually too rigid and bulky to meet the requirements of these devices.The electrolyte is the critical component that determines the energy density and security of flexible and stretchable LMBs.Among various electrolytes,gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs) perform excellent flexibility,safety,and high ionic conductivity compared with traditional liquid electrolytes and solid electrolytes,fulfilling the next generation deformable LMBs.This essay mainly reviews and highlights the recent progress in GPEs for flexible/stretchable LMBs and provides some useful insights for people interested in this field.Additionally,the multifunctional GPEs with self-healing,flame retardant,and temperature tolerance abilities are summarized.Finally,the perspectives and opportunities for flexible and stretchable GPEs are discussed.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yunpiqiangshen gel(运脾强肾浸膏)which composed of eleven herbs on quality of life(QOL)improvement.METHODS:We enrolled 180 patients lasted from January 2020 to December ...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yunpiqiangshen gel(运脾强肾浸膏)which composed of eleven herbs on quality of life(QOL)improvement.METHODS:We enrolled 180 patients lasted from January 2020 to December 2021.Seventy-eight patients received standards of care(control group)and 76 patients received Yunpiqiangshen gel[Traditional Chinese Medicine,(TCM)group]for 6 months in statistical analysis.The primary outcome assessed using Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form Questionnaire version 1.3(KDQOL-SFTM 1.3),including Short Form Health Survey(SF-36)and Kidney Disease Targeted Areas(KDTA)scores.The second outcomes included the TCM syndrome score,Fatigue Assessment Instrument(FAI)score,Modified Quantitative Subjective Global Assessment(MQSGA)score,anthropometric indicators,and blood chemical testing.Adverse events,including decompensated gastrointestinal symptoms,were evaluated.RESULTS:The results showed that the mean change of SF-36(75±13 vs 64±16,F=6.070,P=0.015)and KDTA(76±7 vs 70±9,F=4.118,P=0.044)scores in the TCM group had an improvement(increase)from baseline,as compared with the control group.Yunpiqiangshen gel also resulted in a significant improvement in almost dimensions of QOL.At the end of follow-up,the imputed percentage of patients in the response rate of TCM syndrome was greater in the TCM group than in the control group(76.32%vs 20.51%,χ^(2)=48.02,P=0.000).The fatigue,soreness of waist,anorexia,abdominal distension,loose stool,and constipation were alleviated after Yunpiqiangshen gel therapy.The FAI(98.58±25.08 vs 131.21±31.85,F=8.745,P=0.004)and MQSGA(10.13±2.84 vs 12.83±3.85,F=11.396,P=0.001)scores in the TCM group had an improvement(reduce)from baseline compared with the control group.A higher level of albumin of patients in the TCM group compared with the control group.Diarrhea,vomit,and loose stool were more common in the TCM group,but generally mild in severity.CONCLUSION:Compared with the standards of care,added Yunpiqiangshen gel was a safe and effective therapy for improving QOL in dialysis patients.展开更多
This study provides a thorough investigation into the vibration behavior and impulse response characteristics of composite honeycomb cylindrical shells filled with damping gel(DG-FHCSs).To address the limitations of e...This study provides a thorough investigation into the vibration behavior and impulse response characteristics of composite honeycomb cylindrical shells filled with damping gel(DG-FHCSs).To address the limitations of existing methods,a dynamic model is developed for both free and forced vibration scenarios.These models incorporate the virtual spring technology to accurately simulate a wide range of boundary conditions.Using the first-order shear deformation theory in conjunction with the Jacobi orthogonal polynomials,an energy expression is formulated,and the natural frequencies and mode shapes are determined via the Ritz method.Based on the Newmark-βmethod,the pulse response amplitudes and attenuation characteristics under various transient excitation loads are analyzed and evaluated.The accuracy of the theoretical model and the vibration suppression capability of the damping gel are experimentally validated.Furthermore,the effects of key structural parameters on the natural frequency and vibration response are systematically examined.展开更多
Background:This study evaluates the efficacy of gabexate mesylate thermosensitive in-situ gel(GMTI) in the treatment of beagle grade Ⅲ pancreatic trauma(PT) with the assistance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) a...Background:This study evaluates the efficacy of gabexate mesylate thermosensitive in-situ gel(GMTI) in the treatment of beagle grade Ⅲ pancreatic trauma(PT) with the assistance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) and investigates its mechanism of action.Methods:A grade Ⅲ PT model consisting of 15 beagle dogs with severed main pancreatic ducts was created and treated with cephalic vein injection of gabexate mesylate(GM)(1.54mL/10kg,TID) and peripancreatic injection of GMTI(4.63 mL/10 kg,QD) guided by CEUS within 24h post-surgery.Ascites and serum levels of amylase(AMY),lipase(LPS),C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin(IL)-6,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,and urinary trypsinogen activating peptide(TAP) were detected by ELISA.Histopathological changes in the canine pancreas were observed by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining.Results:CEUS accurately displayed pancreatic lesions and guided catheterisation.Compared to the control group,the ascites was significantly reduced after treatment(p<0.01).AMY and LPS ascites significantly decreased on post-operative 1st and 2nd day(p<0.01).The levels of AMY,LPS,CRP,IL-6,and TNF-α in serum were decreased(p<0.05 or p <0.01).Urinary TAP was decreased 1 and 2 days after treatment(p<0.05or p<0.01,respectively).In the control group,pancreatic tissue necrosis was evident in the wound area.Normal glandular cell structures and fibrous tissue hyperplasia were observed in the wound area after GMTI treatment.The GMTI group performed better than the GM group in improving pancreatic histology and reducing AMY levels in the early post-operative period.Conclusion:Guided by CEUS,daily peripancreatic injections of GMTI in Beagles effectively inhibit pancreatic enzyme activity and aid in the adjuvant treatment of pancreatic trauma.展开更多
文摘Hybrid Gel is the emerging soft matter in food applications that attracted the attention of food scientists owing to its beneficial characteristics as a substitute for saturated fat.The beneficial characteristics like good rheological,mechanical,thermal,and oxidative stability can be achieved using proper synergism between the individual phases.The variation in the oleogel/hydrogel phases can affect the mechanical strength of Hybrid Gel;an increase in the oleogel phase enhances the strength of Hybrid Gel.The incorporation of components like nanoparticles and colloidal particles further strengthens the gel system by enhancing the storage modulus,gel stability,oil-holding capacity,firmness,and hardness.Such Hybrid Gels can be used as a substitute for saturated fat that gives good functional,textural,and sensory attributes to the final product as compared with the saturated fat and has received positive consumer acceptance.The main objective of this concise review is to explore Hybrid Gel,understand conventional and unconventional Hybrid Gel systems,their important characteristics,and their application as a potential substitute for saturated fat in processed food products.
基金Lin Du acknowledges the financial support provided by China Scholarship Council(CSC)via a Ph.D.Scholarship(202008510128)supported by Core Technology Project of China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC)"Research on Thermal Miscible Flooding Technology"(2023ZG18)。
文摘CO_(2)-responsive gels,which swell upon contact with CO_(2),are widely used for profile control to plug high-permeability gas flow channels in carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)applications in oil reser-voirs.However,the use of these gels in high-temperature CCUS applications is limited due to their rever-sible swelling behavior at elevated temperatures.In this study,a novel dispersed particle gel(DPG)suspension is developed for high-temperature profile control in CCUS applications.First,we synthesize a double-network hydrogel consisting of a crosslinked polyacrylamide(PAAm)network and a crosslinked sodium alginate(SA)network.The hydrogel is then sheared in water to form a pre-prepared DPG suspen-sion.To enhance its performance,the gel particles are modified by introducing potassium methylsilan-etriolate(PMS)upon CO_(2) exposure.Comparing the particle size distributions of the modified and pre-prepared DPG suspension reveals a significant swelling of gel particles,over twice their original size.Moreover,subjecting the new DPG suspension to a 100℃ environment for 24 h demonstrates that its gel particle sizes do not decrease,confirming irreversible swelling,which is a significant advantage over the traditional CO_(2)-responsive gels.Thermogravimetric analysis further indicates improved thermal sta-bility compared to the pre-prepared DPG particles.Core flooding experiments show that the new DPG suspension achieves a high plugging efficiency of 95.3%in plugging an ultra-high permeability sandpack,whereas the pre-prepared DPG suspension achieves only 82.8%.With its high swelling ratio,irreversible swelling at high temperatures,enhanced thermal stability,and superior plugging performance,the newly developed DPG suspension in this work presents a highly promising solution for profile control in high-temperature CCUS applications.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(No.2022D01A250)the Karamay Innovative Environment Construction Plan(Innovative Talents)project(No.20212022hjcxrc0015).
文摘Polymer gels are widely used in water control and enhanced oil recovery in oil fields.However,the damage mechanism of polymer gels to layers with remaining oil and not requiring plugging and corresponding protective measures are unclear.In this paper,we investigated polymer gels'damage and protection performance through static gel-breaking experiments and dynamic plugging and oil recovery evaluations on rock cores.Moreover,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)technology was combined to analyze the damage performance of polymer gels on cores from the pore scale.In addition,a protective technique based on gel breakers for layers with remaining oil and not requiring plugging was proposed.Results showed that when polymer gels were injected into heterogeneous cores,they plugged high-permeability layers while also penetrating low-permeability layers.When the damage to the low-permeability layers was not alleviated,the conformance and oil displacement efficiency were significantly reduced.When the concentration of ammonium persulfate was 2%–5%,the gel-breaking time was shortest and the residue was very minimal.Therefore,ammonium persulfate could be used as a gel breaker and reservoir protective material.Furthermore,after injecting ammonium persulfate into heterogeneous reservoir cores,the gel damage on the face of low-permeability layers was relieved.Consequently,the improvement in sweep efficiency was achieved,showing the re-activation of the remaining oil in medium-low permeability layers.Therefore,the low-permeability layer protection process and core experiment study based on gel-breaking agents proposed in this study were suggested to provide a new technique for the field application of conformance modification agents,aiming to achieve higher recovery degrees.
基金sponsored by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(E2022209101 and E2020209038)the Central Government Guides Local Funds for Scientific and Technological Development(236Z7603G).
文摘To enhance the gelation activity of steel slag,a calcination process was employed to activate it.The activated steel slag was then utilized as the primary raw material,combined with sodium silicate as the activator,to prepare a gel material.The effect of calcination temperature on the physicochemical properties of steel slag and the resulting samples was examined.The chemical composition and microstructure of the steel slag,along with the derived samples,were meticulously examined using advanced analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and scanning electron microscope analysis.The results show that calcination can significantly enhance the gelation activity of steel slag.The steel slag exhibits its highest gelation activity at the temperature of 600℃.At this temperature,the compressive strength of the material reaches its highest value of 11.7 MPa,while the porosity is at its lowest level of 12.6%.The microstructure of the samples reveals large continuous regions on the surface of the gel material,with minimal surface cracks.
基金project was supported by the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas,China University of Petroleum(East China)(No.SKLDOG2024-ZYRC-06)Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(52130401)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104055,52374058)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(ZR2021ME171,ZR2024YQ043)。
文摘CO_(2)flooding enhanced oil recovery(CO_(2)-EOR)represents a significant technology in the low permeability reservoir.With the fractures and heterogeneity in low permeability reservoirs,CO_(2)-EOR is susceptible to pessimistic gas channeling.Consequently,there is a need to develop conformance control materials that can be used in CO_(2)-EOR.Herein,to address the challenges of low strength and poor stability of polymer gel in high temperature and low permeability reservoirs,a new organic/metal ion composite crosslinking polymer gel(AR-Gel)is reported,which is formed by low hydrolysis and medium to high molecular weight polymer(CX-305),organic crosslinking agent(phenolic resin),and aluminium citrate(AI(Ⅲ)).The crosslinking of AI(Ⅲ)with carboxyl group and organic/metal ion double crosslinking can construct a more complex and stable polymer gel structure on the basis of traditional chemical crosslinking,to cope with the harsh conditions such as high temperature.The structure-activity relationship of AR-Gel was revealed by rheology behavior and micro-morphology.The applicability of AR-Gel in reservoir was investigated,as was its strength and stability in supercritical CO_(2).The anti-gas channeling and enhanced oil recovery of AR-Gel were investigated using low permeability fractured cores,and the field process parameters were provided.The gel can be used to meet supercritical CO_(2)reservoirs at 110℃and 20,000 mg/L salinity,with long-term stability over 60 days.The plugging rate of AR-Gel for fractured co re was 97%,with subsequent CO_(2)flooding re sulting in an enhanced oil recovery by 34.5%.ARGel can effectively control CO_(2)gas channeling and enhanced oil recovery.It offers a new material with high strength and temperature resistance,which is particularly beneficial in the CO_(2)flooding for the conformance control of oil field.
基金supported by the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51872238,52074227,and 21806129)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Nos.3102018zy045 and 3102019AX11)+2 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(No.2024A1515010298)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(Nos.2017JQ5116 and 2020JM-118)the Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing of CARDC(No.IADL20220401).
文摘Gels and conductive polymer composites,including hydrogen bonds(HBs),have emerged as promising materials for electro-magnetic wave(EMW)absorption across various applications.However,the relationship between conduction loss in EMW-absorbing materials and charge transfer in HB remains to be fully understood.In this study,we developed a series of deep eutectic gels to fine-tune the quantity of HB by adjusting the molar ratio of choline chloride(ChCl)and ethylene glycol(EG).Owing to the unique properties of deep eutectic gels,the effects of magnetic loss and polarization loss on EMW attenuation can be disregarded.Our results indicate that the quantity of HB initially increases and then decreases with the introduction of EG,with HB-induced conductive loss following similar pat-terns.At a ChCl and EG molar ratio of 2.4,the gel labeled G22-CE2.4 exhibited the best EMW absorption performance,characterized by an effective absorption bandwidth of 8.50 GHz and a thickness of 2.54 mm.This superior performance is attributed to the synergistic ef-fects of excellent conductive loss and impedance matching generated by the optimal number of HB.This work elucidates the role of HB in dielectric loss for the first time and provides valuable insights into the optimal design of supramolecular polymer absorbers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52172214,52272221,52171182)the Postdoctoral Innovation Project of Shandong Province(No.202102003)+2 种基金The Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(2021ZLGX01)the Qilu Young Scholar ProgramHPC Cloud Platform of Shandong University are also thanked.
文摘The risk of flammability is an unavoidable issue for gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs).Usually,flameretardant solvents are necessary to be used,but most of them would react with anode/cathode easily and cause serious interfacial instability,which is a big challenge for design and application of nonflammable GPEs.Here,a nonflammable GPE(SGPE)is developed by in situ polymerizing trifluoroethyl methacrylate(TFMA)monomers with flame-retardant triethyl phosphate(TEP)solvents and LiTFSI–LiDFOB dual lithium salts.TEP is strongly anchored to PTFMA matrix via polarity interaction between-P=O and-CH_(2)CF_(3).It reduces free TEP molecules,which obviously mitigates interfacial reactions,and enhances flame-retardant performance of TEP surprisingly.Anchored TEP molecules are also inhibited in solvation of Li^(+),leading to anion-dominated solvation sheath,which creates inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface/cathode electrolyte interface layers.Such coordination structure changes Li^(+)transport from sluggish vehicular to fast structural transport,raising ionic conductivity to 1.03 mS cm^(-1) and transfer number to 0.41 at 30℃.The Li|SGPE|Li cell presents highly reversible Li stripping/plating performance for over 1000 h at 0.1 mA cm^(−2),and 4.2 V LiCoO_(2)|SGPE|Li battery delivers high average specific capacity>120 mAh g^(−1) over 200 cycles.This study paves a new way to make nonflammable GPE that is compatible with Li metal anode.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82272171(to ZY),82271403(to XL),81941011(to XL),31971279(to ZY),31730030(to XL)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7222004(to HD).
文摘The presence of endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult mammalian brain suggests that the central nervous system can be repaired and regenerated after injury.However,whether it is possible to stimulate neurogenesis and reconstruct cortical layers II to VI in non-neurogenic regions,such as the cortex,remains unknown.In this study,we implanted a hyaluronic acid collagen gel loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor into the motor cortex immediately following traumatic injury.Our findings reveal that this gel effectively stimulated the proliferation and migration of endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells,as well as their differentiation into mature and functionally integrated neurons.Importantly,these new neurons reconstructed the architecture of cortical layers II to VI,integrated into the existing neural circuitry,and ultimately led to improved brain function.These findings offer novel insight into potential clinical treatments for traumatic cerebral cortex injuries.
文摘Background:Luliconazole is an imidazole antifungal drug mainly used to treat dermatophytic infections including tinea pedis,tinea cruris,and tinea corporis.Objective:The purpose of this research was to synthesize a transferosomal gel incorporating luliconazole for external applications.Materials and methods:The preparation method employed thin film hydration to prepare transferosomes loaded with luliconazole with lecithin and tween 80 at different concentrations.The transferosomes formed were characterized in terms of particle size and entrapment efficiency.Finally,the prepared transferosomes were applied in a carbopol gel base and characterized for drug content,pH,spreadability,viscosity,in vitro release profile,and antifungal studies.Results:The synthesized luliconazole transferosomes had high entrapment efficiency of 74.45%,and 92.75%,with particle size ranging between 60 and 200 nm.The shape of the transferosomes was established using scanning electron microscopy;the results depicted spherical-shaped vesicles.The in vitro release study also suggested that the entrapment efficiency influences in vitro release where there is a negative relationship between the two.The gel formulation revealed a good antifungal effect.Conclusion:The luliconazole transferosomal gel exhibited a sustained release profile of the drug and thus may lessen the number of applications required,thereby enhancing patient compliance.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB 0470301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A20623,U21A20280,and 22302216)+2 种基金the Space Utilization System of China Manned Space Engineering(No.KJZ-YYWCL02)Gansu Province Science and Technology Plan(Nos.24ZD13GA001,22ZD6GA025,and 22ZD6GA002)the Taishan Scholars Program.
文摘Supramolecular gelators can confine lubricating oils into gels and anchor them to the substrates,reducing friction and wear in mechanical engineering.However,excessive gel network confinement traps lubricants within gel clusters,hindering lubricant release,whereas the insufficient confinement is detrimental to a stable lubricating film formation in lubricant-gel-substrate anchoring system,both increasing friction and wear.Current strategies based on gelator polar groups design,simultaneously enhancing or weakening the confinement effect,are impractical for balancing this contradiction.To address this,we developed a carboxyl-based strong anchoring gelator and tailored the gel’s self-assembled network structure by adjusting alkyl chain effect,thereby effectively balancing the network confinement,inhibiting lubricant cluster formation,and reducing energy dissipation.Under friction,this design enables stronger lubricant anchoring at the substrate,forming a dual-confinement protective film that in-situ reduces the coefficient of friction(72%)and wear volume(94%).Compared with reported systems and commercial products,our gelator exhibited the highest friction-reducing and anti-wear performance.This research opens new perspectives in designing supramolecular lubricant confinement networks for achieving high-performance lubrication systems.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22173095)。
文摘Thermoresponsive hydrogels based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAm)often undergo syneresis upon heating,and thus become irrecoverable in shape.To overcome this limitation,we copolymerize tetra-armed PNIPAm precursor with tetra-armed poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)precursor.After incorporating the hydrophilic PEG components,the hydrogel samples exhibited recoverable swellability during repeated heating-cooling cycles,during which phase segregation occurred,and the water repelled from the PNIPAm-rich phase can be accommodated in the PEG-rich phase.As a result,recoverability relied on the swellability of the PEG-rich phase,which correlated quantitatively with the molar mass and concentration of the precursor solution.This study provides an effective protocol for the molecular design of stimuli-responsive hydrogels with a desired degree of shape recoverability.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52303144)Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(Nos YDZJ202301ZYTS295 and 20230508188RC)。
文摘Convertible hydrogel supercapacitors have emerged as promising energy storage devices in switches,diodes,and transistors.However,inherent weaknesses in ionic conductivity,mechanical properties,and water retention of hydrogel electrolytes seriously hinder their development.Inspired by the hardness conversion of sea cucumber skin,a conductivity and mechanics dual-tunable salt gel electrolyte is successfully designed.The salt gel presents a reversible switching of conductors-insulators and a mechanical regulation between softness and hardness via the dissolution-crystallization transition of sodium acetate trihydrate(SAT).Meanwhile,the salt gels spontaneously grow a layer of“armor”through saturated phase-change salt crystals effectively reducing water evaporation of hydrogel electrolytes.Furthermore,this phase-change soft-rigid conversion strategy will expand the capabilities of gel-based flexible supercapacitors(area capacitance:258.6 mF cm^(-2)),and the capacitance retention rate could still reach 86.9%after 3000 cycles at high temperatures.Moreover,the salt gel supercapacitor is potentially used in over-heat alarm systems.It is anticipated that the strategy of conductivity and mechanics of dual-tunable salt gel would provide a new perspective on the development of energy storage devices,wearable electronics,and flexible robots.
文摘Re-crosslinkable preformed particle gel(RPPG)has been considered to be one of the most promising gels for dealing with fracture and void space conduit(VSC)conformance problems.However,the dehydration of RPPG during its propagation in the fracture-type features and its effect on gel properties remains unclear.This paper investigates the dehydration behavior during RPPG propagating in an open fracture using matrix-free fracture model.Then the results were verified using real fractured sandstone core model.Moreover,the gel properties after extruding a fracture were studied in detail including gel dehydration and gel strength.Results reveal that the RPPG properties changed significantly with increasing propagation distance,which correlated with the gel injection rate.At high gel injection rates,the dehydration and gel strength(Gʹ)decrease with increasing propagation distance.In contrast,the opposite result was found at low injection rates.Based on the study of the different gel injection rates,it is found that dehydration time is another key factor affecting dehydration behavior.Results also indicate that the fracture width affects gel dehydration at different locations.Dehydration was more pronounced at narrow fractures but only in the inlet section,while in the outlet section,RPPG contains more water than the initial condition.This study has profound implications for field applications.It provides new insights into the transport of RPPG in fractures and helps field engineers to optimize the gel injection operations.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L222126).
文摘Objective:To observed the effect of a curcumin-based vaginal gel combined with electroporation for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC)caused by Candida albicans.Methods:Temperature-sensitive in situ gels(ISG)were prepared using poloxamers 407 and 188 as matrices.The mass ratio of poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188 was 7:1 with a gelation temperature of approximately 29℃ and gelation time of 2.5 min.Results:Electroporation increased the transmucosal permeability of the model drug,doxorubicin and improved the antifungal effects of curcumin.In vitro antifungal experiments showed that the number of fungal colonies in curcumin ISG combined with electroporation was lower than that in pure curcumin ISG.In vivo pharmacodynamic experiments showed that,compared to the model group,curcumin ISG with electroporation inhibited the growth of C.albicans,alleviated vaginal mucosal edema,and reduced the inflammatory response.Conclusion:Curcumin ISG combined with electroporation has substantial potential for the efficient clinical treatment of VVC.
文摘The challenge of effectively eliminating air during gastrointestinal endoscopy using ultrasound techniques is apparent.This difficulty arises from the intricacies of removing concealed air within the folds of the gastrointestinal tract,resulting in artifacts and compromised visualization.In addition,the overlap of folds with lesions can obscure their depth and size,presenting challenges for an accurate assessment.Conversely,in intricately folded regions of the gastrointestinal tract,such as the stomach,intestine,and colon,insufficient delivery of air or CO_(2) into the cavity impedes luminal expansion,hindering the accurate visualization of lesions concealed within the folds.Although this underscores the requirement for substantial airflow,excessive airflow can hinder visualization of bleeding lesions and other abnormalities.Considering these challenges,an ideal endoscopic device would facilitate the observation of lesions without the requirement for air or CO_(2) delivery whereas,ensuring optimal expansion of the gastrointestinal tract.Recently,transparent gels with specific viscosities have been employed more frequently to address this issue.This review aims to elucidate how these gels address these challenges and provide a solution for enhanced endoscopic visualization.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Development Program(No.70304901).
文摘Cu_(2)ZnSnSSe_(4)(CZTSSe)thin film solar cells,with adjustable bandgap and rich elemental content,hold promise in next-gen photovoltaics.Crystalline quality is pivotal for efficient light absorption and carrier transport.During the post-selenization process,understanding crystal growth mechanisms,and improving layer quality are essential.We explored the effects of ramp rate and annealing temperature on CZTSSe films,using X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,scanning electron microscope(SEM),and ultraviolet-visual spectrophotometry(UV-Vis).The optimal performance occurred at 25.25°C/min ramp rate and 530°C annealing.This led to smoother surfaces,higher density,and larger grains.This condition produced a single-layer structure with large grains,no secondary phases,and a 1.14 eV bandgap,making it promising for photovoltaic applications.The study has highlighted the effect of selenization conditions on the characteristics of the CZTSSe absorber layer and has provided valuable information for developing CZTSSe thin film solar cells.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22005186 and 51877132) was acknowledged。
文摘Flexible and stretchable energy storage devices are highly desirable for wearable electronics,particularly in the emerging fields of smart clothes,medical instruments,and stretchable skin.Lithium metal batteries(LMBs) with high power density and long cycle life are one of the ideal power sources for flexible and stretchable energy storage devices.However,the current LMBs are usually too rigid and bulky to meet the requirements of these devices.The electrolyte is the critical component that determines the energy density and security of flexible and stretchable LMBs.Among various electrolytes,gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs) perform excellent flexibility,safety,and high ionic conductivity compared with traditional liquid electrolytes and solid electrolytes,fulfilling the next generation deformable LMBs.This essay mainly reviews and highlights the recent progress in GPEs for flexible/stretchable LMBs and provides some useful insights for people interested in this field.Additionally,the multifunctional GPEs with self-healing,flame retardant,and temperature tolerance abilities are summarized.Finally,the perspectives and opportunities for flexible and stretchable GPEs are discussed.
基金Jiangsu Science and Technology Development Project of Chinese Medicine:Yunpiqiangshen Improves Quality of Life in Dialysis Patients in Basis of Zou's Theory of Kidney Disease(ZD201904)Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Peak Talent Program:Study on Promotion of Rehabilitation of Dialysis Patients by Traditional Chinese Medicine(Y2021RC10)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China:Study of Astragalus on Peritoneum Function by Myostatin-mediated Protein Turnover of Skeletal Muscle Cells(82004295)Science and Technology Planning Project of Jiangsu Province:Mechanism Study of Astragalus on Peritoneal Fibrosis by Pyroptosis of Peritoneal Mesothelial Cell via Peritoneal Mesothelial Cell(BK20211393)Outstanding Young Doctor's Fund of Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine:Traditional Chinese Medicine Improves Quality of Life in Chronic Renal Disease(2023QB0133)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yunpiqiangshen gel(运脾强肾浸膏)which composed of eleven herbs on quality of life(QOL)improvement.METHODS:We enrolled 180 patients lasted from January 2020 to December 2021.Seventy-eight patients received standards of care(control group)and 76 patients received Yunpiqiangshen gel[Traditional Chinese Medicine,(TCM)group]for 6 months in statistical analysis.The primary outcome assessed using Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form Questionnaire version 1.3(KDQOL-SFTM 1.3),including Short Form Health Survey(SF-36)and Kidney Disease Targeted Areas(KDTA)scores.The second outcomes included the TCM syndrome score,Fatigue Assessment Instrument(FAI)score,Modified Quantitative Subjective Global Assessment(MQSGA)score,anthropometric indicators,and blood chemical testing.Adverse events,including decompensated gastrointestinal symptoms,were evaluated.RESULTS:The results showed that the mean change of SF-36(75±13 vs 64±16,F=6.070,P=0.015)and KDTA(76±7 vs 70±9,F=4.118,P=0.044)scores in the TCM group had an improvement(increase)from baseline,as compared with the control group.Yunpiqiangshen gel also resulted in a significant improvement in almost dimensions of QOL.At the end of follow-up,the imputed percentage of patients in the response rate of TCM syndrome was greater in the TCM group than in the control group(76.32%vs 20.51%,χ^(2)=48.02,P=0.000).The fatigue,soreness of waist,anorexia,abdominal distension,loose stool,and constipation were alleviated after Yunpiqiangshen gel therapy.The FAI(98.58±25.08 vs 131.21±31.85,F=8.745,P=0.004)and MQSGA(10.13±2.84 vs 12.83±3.85,F=11.396,P=0.001)scores in the TCM group had an improvement(reduce)from baseline compared with the control group.A higher level of albumin of patients in the TCM group compared with the control group.Diarrhea,vomit,and loose stool were more common in the TCM group,but generally mild in severity.CONCLUSION:Compared with the standards of care,added Yunpiqiangshen gel was a safe and effective therapy for improving QOL in dialysis patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12472005 and 52175079)the Aerospace Science Foundation of China(No.2022Z009050002)+2 种基金the Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion SystemMinistry of Education of China(No.VCAME201603)the Tai-Hang Laboratory Program(No.AK023)。
文摘This study provides a thorough investigation into the vibration behavior and impulse response characteristics of composite honeycomb cylindrical shells filled with damping gel(DG-FHCSs).To address the limitations of existing methods,a dynamic model is developed for both free and forced vibration scenarios.These models incorporate the virtual spring technology to accurately simulate a wide range of boundary conditions.Using the first-order shear deformation theory in conjunction with the Jacobi orthogonal polynomials,an energy expression is formulated,and the natural frequencies and mode shapes are determined via the Ritz method.Based on the Newmark-βmethod,the pulse response amplitudes and attenuation characteristics under various transient excitation loads are analyzed and evaluated.The accuracy of the theoretical model and the vibration suppression capability of the damping gel are experimentally validated.Furthermore,the effects of key structural parameters on the natural frequency and vibration response are systematically examined.
文摘Background:This study evaluates the efficacy of gabexate mesylate thermosensitive in-situ gel(GMTI) in the treatment of beagle grade Ⅲ pancreatic trauma(PT) with the assistance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) and investigates its mechanism of action.Methods:A grade Ⅲ PT model consisting of 15 beagle dogs with severed main pancreatic ducts was created and treated with cephalic vein injection of gabexate mesylate(GM)(1.54mL/10kg,TID) and peripancreatic injection of GMTI(4.63 mL/10 kg,QD) guided by CEUS within 24h post-surgery.Ascites and serum levels of amylase(AMY),lipase(LPS),C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin(IL)-6,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,and urinary trypsinogen activating peptide(TAP) were detected by ELISA.Histopathological changes in the canine pancreas were observed by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining.Results:CEUS accurately displayed pancreatic lesions and guided catheterisation.Compared to the control group,the ascites was significantly reduced after treatment(p<0.01).AMY and LPS ascites significantly decreased on post-operative 1st and 2nd day(p<0.01).The levels of AMY,LPS,CRP,IL-6,and TNF-α in serum were decreased(p<0.05 or p <0.01).Urinary TAP was decreased 1 and 2 days after treatment(p<0.05or p<0.01,respectively).In the control group,pancreatic tissue necrosis was evident in the wound area.Normal glandular cell structures and fibrous tissue hyperplasia were observed in the wound area after GMTI treatment.The GMTI group performed better than the GM group in improving pancreatic histology and reducing AMY levels in the early post-operative period.Conclusion:Guided by CEUS,daily peripancreatic injections of GMTI in Beagles effectively inhibit pancreatic enzyme activity and aid in the adjuvant treatment of pancreatic trauma.
