人工智能技术在教育领域的深度应用,已成为国家教育数字化转型的核心战略。在计算机实践教学领域,实践学习资料的精准推荐是提升学生学习效能与质量的重要途径。针对高校教育规模化与学生需求多元化之间的矛盾,提出一种基于轻量级教育...人工智能技术在教育领域的深度应用,已成为国家教育数字化转型的核心战略。在计算机实践教学领域,实践学习资料的精准推荐是提升学生学习效能与质量的重要途径。针对高校教育规模化与学生需求多元化之间的矛盾,提出一种基于轻量级教育大模型的个性化实践学习资料推荐模型LightPLRec(Lightweight Personalized Learning Recommender for Dynamic Practice Materials),旨在依据学生个体特征的动态变化智能推荐个性化的实践学习资料。基于低算力需求的轻量级大模型,通过指令微调和强化学习方法构建了面向个性化实践学习资料推荐的教育大模型SPIR(Student Profile&Interest-based Re-commender)。通过整合多源异构数据,深度融入课程知识体系、学科前沿动态、产业发展趋势、国家战略导向,构建了跨学科、多模态的实践学习资料库,并设计了图转主题文本方法gragh2topic。依托于SPIR大模型的强大赋能和多源资料库的坚实支撑,提出了基于智能工作流的资料推荐方法。设计主题分析方法从学生能力评估结果中提取学生的能力特征,应用图卷积网络算法GCN从学生学习行为数据中挖掘学生的兴趣特征,创建了“能力-推荐智能体”和“兴趣-推荐智能体”,构建了双智能体协同驱动的智能化流程体系,实现了从学生个性化画像智能生成到实践学习资料动态推荐的系列工作流任务;并且构建了个性化资料推荐数据集,在该数据集上验证了所提模型的性能显著优于基线模型。其中,以Qwen2.5-3.0B为基模型训练的LightPLRec模型,在能力推荐与兴趣推荐这两项任务中展现出卓越性能,准确率分别高达0.947和0.939,其表现均优于DeepSeek-V3在同一数据集上的测评结果。该研究为教育大模型的垂直场景应用提供了技术范式,同时通过创建个性化实践学习资料动态推荐模型,为践行“因材施教”理念和培育高素质计算机实践人才提供了创新路径。展开更多
图像去模糊需要在保留空间细节的同时确保高层次的上下文信息的平衡.针对模糊图像中的空间结构破坏,上下文信息扭曲以及RGB图像中的通道间强相关性造成的颜色不平衡等问题,本文提出一种基于YUV颜色空间和图卷积网络(GCN)的图像去模糊算...图像去模糊需要在保留空间细节的同时确保高层次的上下文信息的平衡.针对模糊图像中的空间结构破坏,上下文信息扭曲以及RGB图像中的通道间强相关性造成的颜色不平衡等问题,本文提出一种基于YUV颜色空间和图卷积网络(GCN)的图像去模糊算法(YUVGCR).首先,设计了用于图像去模糊的YUV与RGB颜色空间转换算法,以解决RGB通道间强相关性的问题.然后,利用GCN可以将特征图转换为预生成图的顶点,对特征图进行图卷积,从而合成构建图结构的数据.通过这样做,可以隐式地将图拉普拉斯正则化应用于特征图,使其更加结构化.实验表明,YUVGCR的峰值信噪比(PSNR)为36.21 dB,比先进算法提高了2.93 d B.可视化去模糊结果可以看出,YUVGCR能产生更清晰的边缘和细节,图像去模糊的整体性能获得较大提升.展开更多
目的组合零样本识别是计算机视觉领域零样本学习任务的子任务,旨在从已经见过的组合图像中学习属性和物体概念,并将其迁移到未见过的组合上。现有方法对组合图像中属性和物体的解耦合能力不足,并且未能充分发挥文本标签对于属性和物体...目的组合零样本识别是计算机视觉领域零样本学习任务的子任务,旨在从已经见过的组合图像中学习属性和物体概念,并将其迁移到未见过的组合上。现有方法对组合图像中属性和物体的解耦合能力不足,并且未能充分发挥文本标签对于属性和物体信息的解耦合作用。方法为解决组合图像中属性与物体信息纠缠的问题,针对文本与视觉模态的差异,提出双模态解耦机制:在文本端构建图神经网络以建模属性与物体间的语义关系,在视觉端引入交叉注意力机制增强对属性和物体特征的分离能力。该方法集成于语言图像预训练框架中,从语言与视觉两个层面提升模型对属性与物体概念的建模能力,从而增强未见组合的识别效果。结果在3个主流的组合零样本识别基准数据集MIT-States、UT-Zappos和C-GQA(compositional GQA)上对所提方法进行了系统评估,结果表明模型性能显著提升。以MIT-States数据集为例,在封闭世界设置下,相较于性能排名第2的模型,本文方法的AUC(area under curve)提升3.3%,HM(Harmonic mean)提升2.4%,已见组合的识别准确率提升5.3%,未见组合提升1.0%;在开放世界设置下,本文方法的AUC提升0.9%,HM提升0.7%,已见组合与未见组合准确率分别提升3.2%和1.0%。此外,在MIT-States数据集上对提出的文本与视觉解耦模块及其上下文建模组件进行了消融实验,进一步验证了各子模块对整体性能的有效贡献。结论所提出的图文双端解耦合模块提升了模型对于组合中属性和物体的学习能力,显著提升了模型在组合零样本识别任务上的表现。展开更多
针对煤矿井下电控系统中DC-DC电源模块电容软故障类型多样、诊断精度不足的问题,提出了一种基于并行时序卷积网络(TCN)与图卷积网络(GCN)的融合模型。以150 W Boost型DC-DC电源为研究对象,采集电路中4个测点的电压信号。该模型通过TCN...针对煤矿井下电控系统中DC-DC电源模块电容软故障类型多样、诊断精度不足的问题,提出了一种基于并行时序卷积网络(TCN)与图卷积网络(GCN)的融合模型。以150 W Boost型DC-DC电源为研究对象,采集电路中4个测点的电压信号。该模型通过TCN捕获长时依赖特征,以GCN刻画测点拓扑关系;二者在特征层拼接,实现时间维与空间结构信息的互补融合。实验结果表明,该模型平均准确率达99.72%;在6 dB、4 dB、2 dB、0 dB信噪比条件下,准确率分别达到99.48%、98.54%、98.17%和93.78%,高于其他模型。该研究为煤矿井下电控设备中电容软故障的智能诊断提供了有效技术路径。展开更多
Graph Federated Learning(GFL)has shown great potential in privacy protection and distributed intelligence through distributed collaborative training of graph-structured data without sharing raw information.However,exi...Graph Federated Learning(GFL)has shown great potential in privacy protection and distributed intelligence through distributed collaborative training of graph-structured data without sharing raw information.However,existing GFL approaches often lack the capability for comprehensive feature extraction and adaptive optimization,particularly in non-independent and identically distributed(NON-IID)scenarios where balancing global structural understanding and local node-level detail remains a challenge.To this end,this paper proposes a novel framework called GFL-SAR(Graph Federated Collaborative Learning Framework Based on Structural Amplification and Attention Refinement),which enhances the representation learning capability of graph data through a dual-branch collaborative design.Specifically,we propose the Structural Insight Amplifier(SIA),which utilizes an improved Graph Convolutional Network(GCN)to strengthen structural awareness and improve modeling of topological patterns.In parallel,we propose the Attentive Relational Refiner(ARR),which employs an enhanced Graph Attention Network(GAT)to perform fine-grained modeling of node relationships and neighborhood features,thereby improving the expressiveness of local interactions and preserving critical contextual information.GFL-SAR effectively integrates multi-scale features from every branch via feature fusion and federated optimization,thereby addressing existing GFL limitations in structural modeling and feature representation.Experiments on standard benchmark datasets including Cora,Citeseer,Polblogs,and Cora_ML demonstrate that GFL-SAR achieves superior performance in classification accuracy,convergence speed,and robustness compared to existing methods,confirming its effectiveness and generalizability in GFL tasks.展开更多
In our recently published paper,[1]a typesetting error occurred during the production process.Figure 1 in the published version was incomplete.The processing of molecular dynamics(MD)simulation data into graph-structu...In our recently published paper,[1]a typesetting error occurred during the production process.Figure 1 in the published version was incomplete.The processing of molecular dynamics(MD)simulation data into graph-structured representations in the left bottom panel of thefigure was inadvertently omitted.展开更多
Graph Neural Networks(GNNs),as a deep learning framework specifically designed for graph-structured data,have achieved deep representation learning of graph data through message passing mechanisms and have become a co...Graph Neural Networks(GNNs),as a deep learning framework specifically designed for graph-structured data,have achieved deep representation learning of graph data through message passing mechanisms and have become a core technology in the field of graph analysis.However,current reviews on GNN models are mainly focused on smaller domains,and there is a lack of systematic reviews on the classification and applications of GNN models.This review systematically synthesizes the three canonical branches of GNN,Graph Convolutional Network(GCN),Graph Attention Network(GAT),and Graph Sampling Aggregation Network(GraphSAGE),and analyzes their integration pathways from both structural and feature perspectives.Drawing on representative studies,we identify three major integration patterns:cascaded fusion,where heterogeneous modules such as Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),and GraphSAGE are sequentially combined for hierarchical feature learning;parallel fusion,where multi-branch architectures jointly encode complementary graph features;and feature-level fusion,which employs concatenation,weighted summation,or attention-based gating to adaptively merge multi-source embeddings.Through these patterns,integrated GNNs achieve enhanced expressiveness,robustness,and scalability across domains including transportation,biomedicine,and cybersecurity.展开更多
文摘人工智能技术在教育领域的深度应用,已成为国家教育数字化转型的核心战略。在计算机实践教学领域,实践学习资料的精准推荐是提升学生学习效能与质量的重要途径。针对高校教育规模化与学生需求多元化之间的矛盾,提出一种基于轻量级教育大模型的个性化实践学习资料推荐模型LightPLRec(Lightweight Personalized Learning Recommender for Dynamic Practice Materials),旨在依据学生个体特征的动态变化智能推荐个性化的实践学习资料。基于低算力需求的轻量级大模型,通过指令微调和强化学习方法构建了面向个性化实践学习资料推荐的教育大模型SPIR(Student Profile&Interest-based Re-commender)。通过整合多源异构数据,深度融入课程知识体系、学科前沿动态、产业发展趋势、国家战略导向,构建了跨学科、多模态的实践学习资料库,并设计了图转主题文本方法gragh2topic。依托于SPIR大模型的强大赋能和多源资料库的坚实支撑,提出了基于智能工作流的资料推荐方法。设计主题分析方法从学生能力评估结果中提取学生的能力特征,应用图卷积网络算法GCN从学生学习行为数据中挖掘学生的兴趣特征,创建了“能力-推荐智能体”和“兴趣-推荐智能体”,构建了双智能体协同驱动的智能化流程体系,实现了从学生个性化画像智能生成到实践学习资料动态推荐的系列工作流任务;并且构建了个性化资料推荐数据集,在该数据集上验证了所提模型的性能显著优于基线模型。其中,以Qwen2.5-3.0B为基模型训练的LightPLRec模型,在能力推荐与兴趣推荐这两项任务中展现出卓越性能,准确率分别高达0.947和0.939,其表现均优于DeepSeek-V3在同一数据集上的测评结果。该研究为教育大模型的垂直场景应用提供了技术范式,同时通过创建个性化实践学习资料动态推荐模型,为践行“因材施教”理念和培育高素质计算机实践人才提供了创新路径。
文摘图像去模糊需要在保留空间细节的同时确保高层次的上下文信息的平衡.针对模糊图像中的空间结构破坏,上下文信息扭曲以及RGB图像中的通道间强相关性造成的颜色不平衡等问题,本文提出一种基于YUV颜色空间和图卷积网络(GCN)的图像去模糊算法(YUVGCR).首先,设计了用于图像去模糊的YUV与RGB颜色空间转换算法,以解决RGB通道间强相关性的问题.然后,利用GCN可以将特征图转换为预生成图的顶点,对特征图进行图卷积,从而合成构建图结构的数据.通过这样做,可以隐式地将图拉普拉斯正则化应用于特征图,使其更加结构化.实验表明,YUVGCR的峰值信噪比(PSNR)为36.21 dB,比先进算法提高了2.93 d B.可视化去模糊结果可以看出,YUVGCR能产生更清晰的边缘和细节,图像去模糊的整体性能获得较大提升.
文摘目的组合零样本识别是计算机视觉领域零样本学习任务的子任务,旨在从已经见过的组合图像中学习属性和物体概念,并将其迁移到未见过的组合上。现有方法对组合图像中属性和物体的解耦合能力不足,并且未能充分发挥文本标签对于属性和物体信息的解耦合作用。方法为解决组合图像中属性与物体信息纠缠的问题,针对文本与视觉模态的差异,提出双模态解耦机制:在文本端构建图神经网络以建模属性与物体间的语义关系,在视觉端引入交叉注意力机制增强对属性和物体特征的分离能力。该方法集成于语言图像预训练框架中,从语言与视觉两个层面提升模型对属性与物体概念的建模能力,从而增强未见组合的识别效果。结果在3个主流的组合零样本识别基准数据集MIT-States、UT-Zappos和C-GQA(compositional GQA)上对所提方法进行了系统评估,结果表明模型性能显著提升。以MIT-States数据集为例,在封闭世界设置下,相较于性能排名第2的模型,本文方法的AUC(area under curve)提升3.3%,HM(Harmonic mean)提升2.4%,已见组合的识别准确率提升5.3%,未见组合提升1.0%;在开放世界设置下,本文方法的AUC提升0.9%,HM提升0.7%,已见组合与未见组合准确率分别提升3.2%和1.0%。此外,在MIT-States数据集上对提出的文本与视觉解耦模块及其上下文建模组件进行了消融实验,进一步验证了各子模块对整体性能的有效贡献。结论所提出的图文双端解耦合模块提升了模型对于组合中属性和物体的学习能力,显著提升了模型在组合零样本识别任务上的表现。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(62466045)Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Project(2021LHMS06003)Inner Mongolia University Basic Research Business Fee Project(114).
文摘Graph Federated Learning(GFL)has shown great potential in privacy protection and distributed intelligence through distributed collaborative training of graph-structured data without sharing raw information.However,existing GFL approaches often lack the capability for comprehensive feature extraction and adaptive optimization,particularly in non-independent and identically distributed(NON-IID)scenarios where balancing global structural understanding and local node-level detail remains a challenge.To this end,this paper proposes a novel framework called GFL-SAR(Graph Federated Collaborative Learning Framework Based on Structural Amplification and Attention Refinement),which enhances the representation learning capability of graph data through a dual-branch collaborative design.Specifically,we propose the Structural Insight Amplifier(SIA),which utilizes an improved Graph Convolutional Network(GCN)to strengthen structural awareness and improve modeling of topological patterns.In parallel,we propose the Attentive Relational Refiner(ARR),which employs an enhanced Graph Attention Network(GAT)to perform fine-grained modeling of node relationships and neighborhood features,thereby improving the expressiveness of local interactions and preserving critical contextual information.GFL-SAR effectively integrates multi-scale features from every branch via feature fusion and federated optimization,thereby addressing existing GFL limitations in structural modeling and feature representation.Experiments on standard benchmark datasets including Cora,Citeseer,Polblogs,and Cora_ML demonstrate that GFL-SAR achieves superior performance in classification accuracy,convergence speed,and robustness compared to existing methods,confirming its effectiveness and generalizability in GFL tasks.
文摘In our recently published paper,[1]a typesetting error occurred during the production process.Figure 1 in the published version was incomplete.The processing of molecular dynamics(MD)simulation data into graph-structured representations in the left bottom panel of thefigure was inadvertently omitted.
基金funded by Guangzhou Huashang University(2024HSZD01,HS2023JYSZH01).
文摘Graph Neural Networks(GNNs),as a deep learning framework specifically designed for graph-structured data,have achieved deep representation learning of graph data through message passing mechanisms and have become a core technology in the field of graph analysis.However,current reviews on GNN models are mainly focused on smaller domains,and there is a lack of systematic reviews on the classification and applications of GNN models.This review systematically synthesizes the three canonical branches of GNN,Graph Convolutional Network(GCN),Graph Attention Network(GAT),and Graph Sampling Aggregation Network(GraphSAGE),and analyzes their integration pathways from both structural and feature perspectives.Drawing on representative studies,we identify three major integration patterns:cascaded fusion,where heterogeneous modules such as Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),and GraphSAGE are sequentially combined for hierarchical feature learning;parallel fusion,where multi-branch architectures jointly encode complementary graph features;and feature-level fusion,which employs concatenation,weighted summation,or attention-based gating to adaptively merge multi-source embeddings.Through these patterns,integrated GNNs achieve enhanced expressiveness,robustness,and scalability across domains including transportation,biomedicine,and cybersecurity.
