Palm oil is currently the leading edible oil consumed worldwide. Triacylglycerol （TAG） and diacylglycerol （DAG） are the dominant lipid classes in palm oil. Other lipid classes present in crude palm oil, such as ph...Palm oil is currently the leading edible oil consumed worldwide. Triacylglycerol （TAG） and diacylglycerol （DAG） are the dominant lipid classes in palm oil. Other lipid classes present in crude palm oil, such as phospholipids and galactolipids, are very low in abundance. These low-abundance lipids constitute key intermediates in lipid biosynthesis. In this study, we applied multiple lipidomic approaches, including high-sensitivity and high-specificity multiple reaction monitoring, to comprehensively quantify individual lipid species in crude palm oil. We also established a new liquid chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry method that allows direct quantification of low-abundance galactolipids in palm oil without the need for sample pretreatrnent. As crude palm oil contains large amounts of neutral lipids, our direct-detection method circumvents many of the challenges encountered with conventional lipid quantification methods. This approach allows direct measurement of lipids with no hassle during sample preparation and is more accurate and precise compared with other methods.展开更多
Phytomedicines have been used for treating or preventing diseases throughout human history.We have been conducting in exploration of traditional or folk herbal medicines as an attempt to identify novel phytocompounds ...Phytomedicines have been used for treating or preventing diseases throughout human history.We have been conducting in exploration of traditional or folk herbal medicines as an attempt to identify novel phytocompounds candidates for further development into botanical supplements or drugs for inflammation related diseases,including cancer,acute liver hepatitis,and sepsis.Comparative″OMICS″technology platforms in combination with various in vitro and in vivo cell-and gene-based bioassays,murine skin inflammatory and syngeneic and xenograft mammary tumor and melanoma models are employed to validate the pharmacological effects and the underlying mechanistic insights of the identified bioactive phytocompounds.The therapeutic potential of phytoagents,alone or in combination,in sensitizing the chemotherapeutic drug efficacy and/or reduction of its side effects in tumor-bearing mice are investigated.In addition,how phytoagents modulate pro-or anti-inflammatory lipid mediators,such as oxylipins,and related signaling cascades systemically or at organ levels are also addressed for understanding sepsis or cancer pathogenesis and the modes of action of bioactive phytoagents.展开更多
Our understanding of postharvest needle abscission physiology in conifers has greatly improved in the last decade. Abscission is initially triggered by root detachment, which begins a cascade of changes such as decrea...Our understanding of postharvest needle abscission physiology in conifers has greatly improved in the last decade. Abscission is initially triggered by root detachment, which begins a cascade of changes such as decreased water uptake, water potential, and auxins and increased membrane injury, ethylene, abscisic acid, volatile terpenes, and catalytic enzymes. Needle abscission is also affected by environmental factors. For example, a period of cold acclimation generally delays postharvest abscission. The aforementioned pieces of evidence, along with previous studies, strongly points to a role for plant lipids and fatty acids. Studies from other species have pointed out key roles in abscission and stress responses for a variety of phospholipids and galactolipids, which has not been studied in balsam fir. It is imperative to have an understanding of the role of plant lipids and fatty acids to further our overall understanding of the physiological mechanisms of postharvest abscission and needle abscission resistance. This review is an overview of membrane lipids and fatty acids, changes that occur postharvest and the interaction that lipids may have in the phenomenon of postharvest abscission.展开更多
文摘Palm oil is currently the leading edible oil consumed worldwide. Triacylglycerol （TAG） and diacylglycerol （DAG） are the dominant lipid classes in palm oil. Other lipid classes present in crude palm oil, such as phospholipids and galactolipids, are very low in abundance. These low-abundance lipids constitute key intermediates in lipid biosynthesis. In this study, we applied multiple lipidomic approaches, including high-sensitivity and high-specificity multiple reaction monitoring, to comprehensively quantify individual lipid species in crude palm oil. We also established a new liquid chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry method that allows direct quantification of low-abundance galactolipids in palm oil without the need for sample pretreatrnent. As crude palm oil contains large amounts of neutral lipids, our direct-detection method circumvents many of the challenges encountered with conventional lipid quantification methods. This approach allows direct measurement of lipids with no hassle during sample preparation and is more accurate and precise compared with other methods.
文摘Phytomedicines have been used for treating or preventing diseases throughout human history.We have been conducting in exploration of traditional or folk herbal medicines as an attempt to identify novel phytocompounds candidates for further development into botanical supplements or drugs for inflammation related diseases,including cancer,acute liver hepatitis,and sepsis.Comparative″OMICS″technology platforms in combination with various in vitro and in vivo cell-and gene-based bioassays,murine skin inflammatory and syngeneic and xenograft mammary tumor and melanoma models are employed to validate the pharmacological effects and the underlying mechanistic insights of the identified bioactive phytocompounds.The therapeutic potential of phytoagents,alone or in combination,in sensitizing the chemotherapeutic drug efficacy and/or reduction of its side effects in tumor-bearing mice are investigated.In addition,how phytoagents modulate pro-or anti-inflammatory lipid mediators,such as oxylipins,and related signaling cascades systemically or at organ levels are also addressed for understanding sepsis or cancer pathogenesis and the modes of action of bioactive phytoagents.
文摘Our understanding of postharvest needle abscission physiology in conifers has greatly improved in the last decade. Abscission is initially triggered by root detachment, which begins a cascade of changes such as decreased water uptake, water potential, and auxins and increased membrane injury, ethylene, abscisic acid, volatile terpenes, and catalytic enzymes. Needle abscission is also affected by environmental factors. For example, a period of cold acclimation generally delays postharvest abscission. The aforementioned pieces of evidence, along with previous studies, strongly points to a role for plant lipids and fatty acids. Studies from other species have pointed out key roles in abscission and stress responses for a variety of phospholipids and galactolipids, which has not been studied in balsam fir. It is imperative to have an understanding of the role of plant lipids and fatty acids to further our overall understanding of the physiological mechanisms of postharvest abscission and needle abscission resistance. This review is an overview of membrane lipids and fatty acids, changes that occur postharvest and the interaction that lipids may have in the phenomenon of postharvest abscission.
