目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者血清G蛋白偶联受体43(GPR43)、甲基转移酶3(METTL3)水平表达与肺功能和气流受限程度的相关性。方法选取2019年1月~2024年5月成都市第六人民医院收治的COPD患者150例(COPD组)和同期健康体检志愿者150...目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者血清G蛋白偶联受体43(GPR43)、甲基转移酶3(METTL3)水平表达与肺功能和气流受限程度的相关性。方法选取2019年1月~2024年5月成都市第六人民医院收治的COPD患者150例(COPD组)和同期健康体检志愿者150例(对照组)。根据气流受限程度将COPD患者分为轻度组(n=61)、中度组(n=46)和重度/极重度组(n=43)。检测血清GPR43、METTL3水平并测定肺功能[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)/用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1占预计值%(%pred)]。Spearman相关性分析血清GPR43、METTL3水平与肺功能指标的相关性;通过多元有序Logistic回归分析血清GPR43、METTL3水平与COPD患者气流受限程度的关系,使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析其评估效能。结果与对照组比较,COPD组血清GPR43水平(5.32±1.07ng/ml vs 7.61±1.59ng/ml),FEV1/FVC比值[54.17(43.77,63.60)%vs 80.78(76.24,88.22)%]和FEV1%pred[72.25(44.94,84.22)%vs 93.06(89.71、95.54)%]显著降低(t/Z=-14.591,-14.247,-14.108),而METTL3水平(41.73±5.27pg/ml vs 31.85±5.03pg/ml)显著升高(t=16.614),差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。重度/极重度组血清GPR43水平低于轻度、中度组(4.57±0.77ng/ml vs 5.98±1.05ng/ml、5.16±0.79 ng/ml),中度组低于轻度组(t=7.474、3.598、4.391),重度/极重度组血清METTL3水平高于轻度组、中度组(45.76±5.24pg/ml vs 38.83±4.20pg/ml、41.82±4.00pg/ml),中度组高于轻度组(t=-7.474、-4.003、-3.722),差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。COPD患者FEV1/FVC比值、FEV1%pred与血清GPR43水平呈正相关(r=0.762、0.768,均P<0.001),与METTL3水平呈负相关(r=-0.758、-0.778,均P<0.001)。GPR43为COPD气流受限的独立保护因素(OR=0.689,Waldχ^(2)=14.064,P<0.05),METTL3为独立危险因素(OR=1.251,Waldχ^(2)=4.500,P<0.05)。血清GPR43与METTL3联合评估COPD重度/极重度气流受限的曲线下面积(AUC)优于GPR43和METTL3单独检测,差异具有统计学意义(Z=3.231、3.374,均P<0.05)。结论COPD患者血清GPR43水平降低、METTL3水平升高,与肺功能降低和气流受限程度加重有关,血清GPR43,METTL3水平联合评估COPD患者重度/极重度气流受限的价值较高。展开更多
FY-3G is the first polar-orbiting satellite equipped with a precipitation measurement radar(PMR)operating at Ku-andKa-band frequencies in China.In this study,we compare the reflectivity data from the FY-3G PMR Ku prod...FY-3G is the first polar-orbiting satellite equipped with a precipitation measurement radar(PMR)operating at Ku-andKa-band frequencies in China.In this study,we compare the reflectivity data from the FY-3G PMR Ku product and groundbasedradars(GRs)during 2024.Also,the FY-3G PMR is used as a third-party reference to evaluate the reflectivityconsistency among different GRs.The FY-3G PMR and GRs share similarities in their general distribution,characteristics,and intensity of reflectivity in strong precipitation cloud systems,though the former presents less detailed system structure.Systematic deviations between the FY-3G PMR and GRs and between GRs are comparable,albeit the reflectivity of the FY-3G PMR is generally slightly stronger than that of GRs(especially X-band GRs),with a mean bias ranging from 0.7 to 1.7dB.S-band GRs exhibit the smallest systematic deviation(STD=3.09 dB)from the FY-3G PMR,whereas the X-band GRsshow the largest(STD=3.61 dB),indirectly indicating the highest internal consistency among S-band GRs and the lowestamong X-band GRs.Besides,both S-and C-band GRs display similar deviations when paired with the FY-3G PMR as wellas when paired with their adjacent S/C-band GRs,suggesting good consistency between these two bands.In contrast,XbandGRs exhibit relatively poor consistency with S-band GRs and the FY-3G PMR,showing a deviation ranging from 3.0to 4.6 dB.展开更多
China launched its first spaceborne Precipitation Measurement Radar(PMR)on the FY-3G satellite in April 2023.To achieve the scientific goal of measuring the three-dimensional precipitation structure,evaluating the qua...China launched its first spaceborne Precipitation Measurement Radar(PMR)on the FY-3G satellite in April 2023.To achieve the scientific goal of measuring the three-dimensional precipitation structure,evaluating the quantitative measurement ability of the PMR is critical.China operates more than 250 weather radars over the mainland.Consistency of the spaceborne radar with ground-based radars will enhance precipitation measurement ability,especially over oceans and mountains where observations are sparse.Additionally,the spaceborne radar can be used to evaluate the spatial and temporal homogeneity of the ground-based radar network.This paper focuses on comparing the PMR onboard the FY-3G satellite with S-band China New Generation Weather Radars(CINRADs).A comparison algorithm between the PMR and CINRADs has been developed,incorporating detailed quality control,attenuation correction,data optimization,spatiotemporal matching,non-uniform beam filling constraint,uniformity constraint,and frequency correction.The matched data in typical months of four seasons were selected to carry out the comparison.The data consistency between the PMR and CINRADs was analyzed.The correlation coefficient is 0.87,the deviation is 0.89 dB,and the standard deviation is 2.50 dB,based on 98226 matching samples.The results show the radar reflectivity of the PMR is quite comparable to that of the CINRADs,demonstrating that the PMR data quality is satisfactory and can be used to verify and correct data consistency among multiple ground-based radars.This work also paves the way for data fusion and joint application of satellite and ground radars in the future.展开更多
Some active metal oxides(Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and Cr_(2)O_(3))were selected as dopants to the Al_(2)O_(3)-based ceramic shells for investment casting of K417G superalloy.The effects of dopant types and contents(0,2,5,a...Some active metal oxides(Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and Cr_(2)O_(3))were selected as dopants to the Al_(2)O_(3)-based ceramic shells for investment casting of K417G superalloy.The effects of dopant types and contents(0,2,5,and 8 wt.%)on the wettability and interfacial reaction between the alloy and shell were investigated by a sessile-drop experiment.The results show that increasing the Al_(2)O_(3) doping contents(0−8 wt.%)reduces the porosity(21.74%−10.08%)and roughness(3.22−1.34μm)of the shell surface.The increase in Cr_(2)O_(3) dopant content(2−8 wt.%)further exacerbates the interfacial reaction,leading to an increase in the thickness of the reaction layer(2.6−3.1μm)and a decrease in the wetting angle(93.9°−91.0°).The addition of Al_(2)O_(3) and TiO_(2) dopants leads to the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5) composite oxides in the reaction products,which effectively inhibits the interfacial reaction.The increase in TiO_(2) dopant contents(0−8 wt.%)further promotes the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5),which decreases the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer(3.9−1.2μm)and increases the wetting angle(95.0°−103.8°).The introduced dopants enhance the packing density of the shell surface,while simultaneously suppress the diffusion of active metal elements from the alloy matrix to the interface.展开更多
文摘目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者血清G蛋白偶联受体43(GPR43)、甲基转移酶3(METTL3)水平表达与肺功能和气流受限程度的相关性。方法选取2019年1月~2024年5月成都市第六人民医院收治的COPD患者150例(COPD组)和同期健康体检志愿者150例(对照组)。根据气流受限程度将COPD患者分为轻度组(n=61)、中度组(n=46)和重度/极重度组(n=43)。检测血清GPR43、METTL3水平并测定肺功能[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)/用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1占预计值%(%pred)]。Spearman相关性分析血清GPR43、METTL3水平与肺功能指标的相关性;通过多元有序Logistic回归分析血清GPR43、METTL3水平与COPD患者气流受限程度的关系,使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析其评估效能。结果与对照组比较,COPD组血清GPR43水平(5.32±1.07ng/ml vs 7.61±1.59ng/ml),FEV1/FVC比值[54.17(43.77,63.60)%vs 80.78(76.24,88.22)%]和FEV1%pred[72.25(44.94,84.22)%vs 93.06(89.71、95.54)%]显著降低(t/Z=-14.591,-14.247,-14.108),而METTL3水平(41.73±5.27pg/ml vs 31.85±5.03pg/ml)显著升高(t=16.614),差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。重度/极重度组血清GPR43水平低于轻度、中度组(4.57±0.77ng/ml vs 5.98±1.05ng/ml、5.16±0.79 ng/ml),中度组低于轻度组(t=7.474、3.598、4.391),重度/极重度组血清METTL3水平高于轻度组、中度组(45.76±5.24pg/ml vs 38.83±4.20pg/ml、41.82±4.00pg/ml),中度组高于轻度组(t=-7.474、-4.003、-3.722),差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。COPD患者FEV1/FVC比值、FEV1%pred与血清GPR43水平呈正相关(r=0.762、0.768,均P<0.001),与METTL3水平呈负相关(r=-0.758、-0.778,均P<0.001)。GPR43为COPD气流受限的独立保护因素(OR=0.689,Waldχ^(2)=14.064,P<0.05),METTL3为独立危险因素(OR=1.251,Waldχ^(2)=4.500,P<0.05)。血清GPR43与METTL3联合评估COPD重度/极重度气流受限的曲线下面积(AUC)优于GPR43和METTL3单独检测,差异具有统计学意义(Z=3.231、3.374,均P<0.05)。结论COPD患者血清GPR43水平降低、METTL3水平升高,与肺功能降低和气流受限程度加重有关,血清GPR43,METTL3水平联合评估COPD患者重度/极重度气流受限的价值较高。
基金supported by the Innovation and Development Special Project of the China Meteorological Administration(Grant No.CXFZ2024J058)the Guangdong Province Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation Meteorological Joint Fund Project(Grant No.2024A1515510036)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3004101)the Technical Innovation Team Project of Guangzhou Meteorological Satellite Ground Station(Grant No.CXTD202401).
文摘FY-3G is the first polar-orbiting satellite equipped with a precipitation measurement radar(PMR)operating at Ku-andKa-band frequencies in China.In this study,we compare the reflectivity data from the FY-3G PMR Ku product and groundbasedradars(GRs)during 2024.Also,the FY-3G PMR is used as a third-party reference to evaluate the reflectivityconsistency among different GRs.The FY-3G PMR and GRs share similarities in their general distribution,characteristics,and intensity of reflectivity in strong precipitation cloud systems,though the former presents less detailed system structure.Systematic deviations between the FY-3G PMR and GRs and between GRs are comparable,albeit the reflectivity of the FY-3G PMR is generally slightly stronger than that of GRs(especially X-band GRs),with a mean bias ranging from 0.7 to 1.7dB.S-band GRs exhibit the smallest systematic deviation(STD=3.09 dB)from the FY-3G PMR,whereas the X-band GRsshow the largest(STD=3.61 dB),indirectly indicating the highest internal consistency among S-band GRs and the lowestamong X-band GRs.Besides,both S-and C-band GRs display similar deviations when paired with the FY-3G PMR as wellas when paired with their adjacent S/C-band GRs,suggesting good consistency between these two bands.In contrast,XbandGRs exhibit relatively poor consistency with S-band GRs and the FY-3G PMR,showing a deviation ranging from 3.0to 4.6 dB.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant U2442214)the China Meteorological Administration Youth Innovation Team(Grant No.CMA2024QN10)+1 种基金the National Defense Science and Technology Bureau’s 14th Five-Year Civil Aerospace Preresearch Project(Grant Nos.D030303 and D040204)the International Space Water Cycle Observation Constellation Program(Grant No.183311KYSB20200015).
文摘China launched its first spaceborne Precipitation Measurement Radar(PMR)on the FY-3G satellite in April 2023.To achieve the scientific goal of measuring the three-dimensional precipitation structure,evaluating the quantitative measurement ability of the PMR is critical.China operates more than 250 weather radars over the mainland.Consistency of the spaceborne radar with ground-based radars will enhance precipitation measurement ability,especially over oceans and mountains where observations are sparse.Additionally,the spaceborne radar can be used to evaluate the spatial and temporal homogeneity of the ground-based radar network.This paper focuses on comparing the PMR onboard the FY-3G satellite with S-band China New Generation Weather Radars(CINRADs).A comparison algorithm between the PMR and CINRADs has been developed,incorporating detailed quality control,attenuation correction,data optimization,spatiotemporal matching,non-uniform beam filling constraint,uniformity constraint,and frequency correction.The matched data in typical months of four seasons were selected to carry out the comparison.The data consistency between the PMR and CINRADs was analyzed.The correlation coefficient is 0.87,the deviation is 0.89 dB,and the standard deviation is 2.50 dB,based on 98226 matching samples.The results show the radar reflectivity of the PMR is quite comparable to that of the CINRADs,demonstrating that the PMR data quality is satisfactory and can be used to verify and correct data consistency among multiple ground-based radars.This work also paves the way for data fusion and joint application of satellite and ground radars in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52374292)China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgy Innovation Foundation, China (No. BWLCF202309)the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha City, China (No. KQ2208271)。
文摘Some active metal oxides(Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and Cr_(2)O_(3))were selected as dopants to the Al_(2)O_(3)-based ceramic shells for investment casting of K417G superalloy.The effects of dopant types and contents(0,2,5,and 8 wt.%)on the wettability and interfacial reaction between the alloy and shell were investigated by a sessile-drop experiment.The results show that increasing the Al_(2)O_(3) doping contents(0−8 wt.%)reduces the porosity(21.74%−10.08%)and roughness(3.22−1.34μm)of the shell surface.The increase in Cr_(2)O_(3) dopant content(2−8 wt.%)further exacerbates the interfacial reaction,leading to an increase in the thickness of the reaction layer(2.6−3.1μm)and a decrease in the wetting angle(93.9°−91.0°).The addition of Al_(2)O_(3) and TiO_(2) dopants leads to the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5) composite oxides in the reaction products,which effectively inhibits the interfacial reaction.The increase in TiO_(2) dopant contents(0−8 wt.%)further promotes the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5),which decreases the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer(3.9−1.2μm)and increases the wetting angle(95.0°−103.8°).The introduced dopants enhance the packing density of the shell surface,while simultaneously suppress the diffusion of active metal elements from the alloy matrix to the interface.
