Part I of this study develops an enhanced environmental multimedia modeling system （EMMS） based on fuzzy-set approach. Once the model development is complete, the composite module and the entire modeling system need...Part I of this study develops an enhanced environmental multimedia modeling system （EMMS） based on fuzzy-set approach. Once the model development is complete, the composite module and the entire modeling system need to be tested and validated to ensure that the model can simulate natural phenomena with reasonable and reliable accuracy. The developed EMMS is first tested in a complete case study. And then verification results are conducted to compare with extensively researched litera- ture data. In the third step, the data from an experimental landfill site is used for a pilot-scale validation. The comparisons between EMMS outputs and the literature data indicate that the EMMS can perform accurate modeling simulation. The modules of EMMS could support the entire environmental multimedia modeling system. Further field-scale validation is finished. The results are satisfactory. Most of the modeling yields closely match the monitoring data collected from sites. In addition, with the aid of fuzzy-set approach, EMMS can be a reliable and powerful tool to address the complex environmental multimedia pollution problems and provide an extensive support for decision makers in managing the contaminated environmental systems.展开更多
The rapid growth of the education industry and private education groups has brought the high-quality development of listed private education companies into focus for both the educational sector and the capital market....The rapid growth of the education industry and private education groups has brought the high-quality development of listed private education companies into focus for both the educational sector and the capital market.This study employs the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)method to explore pathways to high-quality development for these companies.Necessity analysis confirms that no single factor guarantees a company’s success,highlighting the importance of multi-factor interactions.Three main paths to high-quality development are identified:human resource optimization,precise market positioning,and comprehensive advantage.Conversely,four development paths for non-high-level companies are identified:dual insufficiency in resources and market,high turnover and over-investment,scale expansion with resource mismatch,and inadequate human resource development.The findings indicate that optimal allocation of educational resources,precise market positioning,rational resource allocation,and staff training are crucial for achieving high-quality development.Robustness tests,which raise the consistency threshold,verify the reliability and stability of the results.These findings provide a reference for policymakers,investors,and managers in the education industry.展开更多
This study explores the development trajectory of digital financial inclusion in 21 cities in Guangdong Province through fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA).The findings emphasize that the success of dig...This study explores the development trajectory of digital financial inclusion in 21 cities in Guangdong Province through fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA).The findings emphasize that the success of digital financial inclusion goes beyond individual dimensions,forming a systematic initiative marked by multifaceted interaction among different disciplines.In the trajectory of high-level digital inclusive finance development,the study identifies economic prosperity and technological innovation as crucial elements,highlighting their centrality,and elucidates the synergistic collaboration between market mechanisms and government guidance.Furthermore,the study emphasizes the government’s pivotal role in supporting market mechanisms and guiding policies,highlighting the need to achieve a nuanced equilibrium in the digital financial inclusion strategy.In contrast,non-high-level development paths of digital inclusive finance show a spectrum of diversities,emphasizing the critical roles played by economic fundamentals,government regulation,market mechanisms,and other contextual factors in different trajectories.Regarding policy implications,the study emphasizes the comprehensive and systemic nature inherent in the development of digital inclusive finance.It proposes four policy recommendations,including integrating development strategies,emphasizing scientific and technological innovation and economic development,achieving a delicate balance between market mechanisms and government guidance,and providing precise policy support.These insights provide valuable lessons for shaping digital inclusive financial policies in Guangdong Province and beyond,offering profound insights for strategically constructing robust digital financial ecosystems.展开更多
Purpose:This paper examines factors of payment decision as well as the role each factor plays in casual configurations leading to high payment intention under systematic and heuristic information processing routes.Des...Purpose:This paper examines factors of payment decision as well as the role each factor plays in casual configurations leading to high payment intention under systematic and heuristic information processing routes.Design/methodology/approach:Based on heuristic-systematic model(HSM),we propose a configurational analytic framework to investigate complex casual relationships between influencing factors and payment decision.In line with this approach,we use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)to analyze data crawled from Zhihu.com.Findings:The number of previous consultations is a necessary element in all five equivalent configurations which lead to high intention in payment decision.The heuristic processing route plays a core role while the systematic processing route plays a peripheral role in payment decision-making process.Research limitations:Research is limited in that moderating effect of professional fields has not been considered in the framework.Practical implications:Configurations in results can assist managers of knowledge communities and paid Q&A service providers in the management of information elements to motivate more payment decision.Originality/value:This paper is one of the few studies to apply HSM theory and fsQCA method with respect to the payment decision in paid Q&A.展开更多
As rural B&Bs gain popularity amid growing demand for personalized tourism experiences,understanding the multifaceted drivers of customer decision-making is becoming critical.Existing research often examines indiv...As rural B&Bs gain popularity amid growing demand for personalized tourism experiences,understanding the multifaceted drivers of customer decision-making is becoming critical.Existing research often examines individual factors,leaving a gap in comprehending complex causal pathways.This study used online travelogue data,fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)and necessary condition analysis(NCA)to examine the factors and combination pathways influencing customer behavioral intentions in rural B&Bs.The results indicate that customer behavioral intentions in rural B&Bs are influenced by multiple factors including the natural environment,material space,cultural space,quality of service,experience of home,entertainment education,culinary delights,surrounding environment,and value-added services.In addition,four main types of customer behavioral intentions in rural B&Bs were identified:Environmental immersion,Educative entertainment,Service experience,and Comprehensive perception.This study contributes to our understanding of customer behavioral intentions in rural tourism settings both practically,by offering actionable strategies for B&B operators,and theoretically,by enhancing the existing framework for studying them.展开更多
The digital reconstruction of value chain plays an important role in achieving the goal of moving up the value chain in participatory manufacturing enterprises(PMEs).This study aims to investigate the configuration pa...The digital reconstruction of value chain plays an important role in achieving the goal of moving up the value chain in participatory manufacturing enterprises(PMEs).This study aims to investigate the configuration path for the realization of the digital reconstruction performance of value chain in PMEs.Taking 122 PMEs embedded in the Haier CosMoPlat ecosystem as research objects,we change the traditional research perspective and use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to explore how technology resources,information resources,relationship resources,and digital services provided by industrial internet platform empowerment synergistically affect the digital reconstruction performance of enterprise value chain.This study obtains two groups of high(non-high)performance,namely,product-driven and service-driven;and relationship-trapped and information-trapped.The results show that the impact of industrial internet platform empowerment on the digital reconstruction performance of value chain exhibits equifinality across PMEs at different levels and stages of development.展开更多
Background Ischemic stroke is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high recurrence rate. Stroke recurrence is a complex pathological phenomenon involving multiple factors. Logistic regression ana...Background Ischemic stroke is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high recurrence rate. Stroke recurrence is a complex pathological phenomenon involving multiple factors. Logistic regression analysis is widely used in traditional medical statistical analysis. However, this method mainly investigates the net effect of single factors using large sample sizes. The fsQCA method is a more suitable means of analyzing the configuration effect of risk factors affecting cerebral infarction recurrence, because it is based on holism and considers interaction effects among the risk factors.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore the risk factors of cerebral infarction recurrence using fsQCA, to reveal the configurations that resulted in cerebral infarction recurrence, and to provide novel ideas for the prevention of recurrence.Methods A total of 155 cerebral infarction patients admitted to the Department of Neurology of a tertiary class hospital in Shandong province from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected to participate. The demographic characteristics and risk factors associated with recurrence of cerebral infarction were collected, and participants were followed for one year.ResultsThe comparative analysis was performed by fuzzy-set (fsQCA 3.0) software. We conducted a configuration analysis of the risk factors of cerebral infarction recurrence and generated eight different configurations by analyzing various combinations of eight risk factors.ConclusionThis study presented results different from those reported in studies using linear regression models. It took into consideration the configurational effect of each conditional variable on cerebral infarction recurrence. To prevent such recurrences, medical workers should evaluate the combination of multiple influencing factors, instead of focusing on a single factor.展开更多
We explore how China's geographically targeted policies impact RMB overseas use individually or in combination.The policies include swap agreements,clearing banks,investment quotas,and direct trading between Chine...We explore how China's geographically targeted policies impact RMB overseas use individually or in combination.The policies include swap agreements,clearing banks,investment quotas,and direct trading between Chinese renminbi(RMB)and non-USD currencies.Adopting a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis and using Bank of International Settlements cross-country data on foreign exchange markets,we find that institution building has lowered the barriers to international adoption of the RMB.Specifically,for countries economically close to China,high RMB trading is explained by either(i)having a clearing bank in the host market and direct quotations between the RMB and the local currency,or(ii)being a financial center and having access to the Chinese capital market.This combination of policies is explained by the creation of(i)"trading posts"that provide RMB liquidity abroad,and(ii)channels that allow actors to " recycle" offshore RMB funds.We triangulate our results with interviews conducted with senior People’s Bank of China officials.展开更多
文摘Part I of this study develops an enhanced environmental multimedia modeling system （EMMS） based on fuzzy-set approach. Once the model development is complete, the composite module and the entire modeling system need to be tested and validated to ensure that the model can simulate natural phenomena with reasonable and reliable accuracy. The developed EMMS is first tested in a complete case study. And then verification results are conducted to compare with extensively researched litera- ture data. In the third step, the data from an experimental landfill site is used for a pilot-scale validation. The comparisons between EMMS outputs and the literature data indicate that the EMMS can perform accurate modeling simulation. The modules of EMMS could support the entire environmental multimedia modeling system. Further field-scale validation is finished. The results are satisfactory. Most of the modeling yields closely match the monitoring data collected from sites. In addition, with the aid of fuzzy-set approach, EMMS can be a reliable and powerful tool to address the complex environmental multimedia pollution problems and provide an extensive support for decision makers in managing the contaminated environmental systems.
基金2024 Guangdong Provincial Private Colleges and Universities Research Project“Research on the Path of High-Quality Development of Listed Companies in Private Education Groups:An Analysis of Complex Factor Groups”(GMG2024023)。
文摘The rapid growth of the education industry and private education groups has brought the high-quality development of listed private education companies into focus for both the educational sector and the capital market.This study employs the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)method to explore pathways to high-quality development for these companies.Necessity analysis confirms that no single factor guarantees a company’s success,highlighting the importance of multi-factor interactions.Three main paths to high-quality development are identified:human resource optimization,precise market positioning,and comprehensive advantage.Conversely,four development paths for non-high-level companies are identified:dual insufficiency in resources and market,high turnover and over-investment,scale expansion with resource mismatch,and inadequate human resource development.The findings indicate that optimal allocation of educational resources,precise market positioning,rational resource allocation,and staff training are crucial for achieving high-quality development.Robustness tests,which raise the consistency threshold,verify the reliability and stability of the results.These findings provide a reference for policymakers,investors,and managers in the education industry.
基金2023 Guangdong Provincial Education Science Planning Project(Higher Education Special Project)“Empirical Study on the Spatial Optimization of the Relationship between Human Capital and Industrial Structure in Guangdong Province under the Support of Higher Education Services”(No.2023GXJK144)。
文摘This study explores the development trajectory of digital financial inclusion in 21 cities in Guangdong Province through fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA).The findings emphasize that the success of digital financial inclusion goes beyond individual dimensions,forming a systematic initiative marked by multifaceted interaction among different disciplines.In the trajectory of high-level digital inclusive finance development,the study identifies economic prosperity and technological innovation as crucial elements,highlighting their centrality,and elucidates the synergistic collaboration between market mechanisms and government guidance.Furthermore,the study emphasizes the government’s pivotal role in supporting market mechanisms and guiding policies,highlighting the need to achieve a nuanced equilibrium in the digital financial inclusion strategy.In contrast,non-high-level development paths of digital inclusive finance show a spectrum of diversities,emphasizing the critical roles played by economic fundamentals,government regulation,market mechanisms,and other contextual factors in different trajectories.Regarding policy implications,the study emphasizes the comprehensive and systemic nature inherent in the development of digital inclusive finance.It proposes four policy recommendations,including integrating development strategies,emphasizing scientific and technological innovation and economic development,achieving a delicate balance between market mechanisms and government guidance,and providing precise policy support.These insights provide valuable lessons for shaping digital inclusive financial policies in Guangdong Province and beyond,offering profound insights for strategically constructing robust digital financial ecosystems.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71271087)。
文摘Purpose:This paper examines factors of payment decision as well as the role each factor plays in casual configurations leading to high payment intention under systematic and heuristic information processing routes.Design/methodology/approach:Based on heuristic-systematic model(HSM),we propose a configurational analytic framework to investigate complex casual relationships between influencing factors and payment decision.In line with this approach,we use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)to analyze data crawled from Zhihu.com.Findings:The number of previous consultations is a necessary element in all five equivalent configurations which lead to high intention in payment decision.The heuristic processing route plays a core role while the systematic processing route plays a peripheral role in payment decision-making process.Research limitations:Research is limited in that moderating effect of professional fields has not been considered in the framework.Practical implications:Configurations in results can assist managers of knowledge communities and paid Q&A service providers in the management of information elements to motivate more payment decision.Originality/value:This paper is one of the few studies to apply HSM theory and fsQCA method with respect to the payment decision in paid Q&A.
基金The Major Project of the National Social Science Fund of Art of China(21ZD07)。
文摘As rural B&Bs gain popularity amid growing demand for personalized tourism experiences,understanding the multifaceted drivers of customer decision-making is becoming critical.Existing research often examines individual factors,leaving a gap in comprehending complex causal pathways.This study used online travelogue data,fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)and necessary condition analysis(NCA)to examine the factors and combination pathways influencing customer behavioral intentions in rural B&Bs.The results indicate that customer behavioral intentions in rural B&Bs are influenced by multiple factors including the natural environment,material space,cultural space,quality of service,experience of home,entertainment education,culinary delights,surrounding environment,and value-added services.In addition,four main types of customer behavioral intentions in rural B&Bs were identified:Environmental immersion,Educative entertainment,Service experience,and Comprehensive perception.This study contributes to our understanding of customer behavioral intentions in rural tourism settings both practically,by offering actionable strategies for B&B operators,and theoretically,by enhancing the existing framework for studying them.
基金supported by the key project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72332001)the General Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72172031)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.GZC20231564).
文摘The digital reconstruction of value chain plays an important role in achieving the goal of moving up the value chain in participatory manufacturing enterprises(PMEs).This study aims to investigate the configuration path for the realization of the digital reconstruction performance of value chain in PMEs.Taking 122 PMEs embedded in the Haier CosMoPlat ecosystem as research objects,we change the traditional research perspective and use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to explore how technology resources,information resources,relationship resources,and digital services provided by industrial internet platform empowerment synergistically affect the digital reconstruction performance of enterprise value chain.This study obtains two groups of high(non-high)performance,namely,product-driven and service-driven;and relationship-trapped and information-trapped.The results show that the impact of industrial internet platform empowerment on the digital reconstruction performance of value chain exhibits equifinality across PMEs at different levels and stages of development.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(grant no.ZR202102240754)the Shandong Medicine and Health Science and Technology Development Plan Project(grant no.202003070101)the Doctoral Research Fund of Affiliated Hospital of WeiFang Medical University(grant no.2022BSQD11).
文摘Background Ischemic stroke is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high recurrence rate. Stroke recurrence is a complex pathological phenomenon involving multiple factors. Logistic regression analysis is widely used in traditional medical statistical analysis. However, this method mainly investigates the net effect of single factors using large sample sizes. The fsQCA method is a more suitable means of analyzing the configuration effect of risk factors affecting cerebral infarction recurrence, because it is based on holism and considers interaction effects among the risk factors.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore the risk factors of cerebral infarction recurrence using fsQCA, to reveal the configurations that resulted in cerebral infarction recurrence, and to provide novel ideas for the prevention of recurrence.Methods A total of 155 cerebral infarction patients admitted to the Department of Neurology of a tertiary class hospital in Shandong province from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected to participate. The demographic characteristics and risk factors associated with recurrence of cerebral infarction were collected, and participants were followed for one year.ResultsThe comparative analysis was performed by fuzzy-set (fsQCA 3.0) software. We conducted a configuration analysis of the risk factors of cerebral infarction recurrence and generated eight different configurations by analyzing various combinations of eight risk factors.ConclusionThis study presented results different from those reported in studies using linear regression models. It took into consideration the configurational effect of each conditional variable on cerebral infarction recurrence. To prevent such recurrences, medical workers should evaluate the combination of multiple influencing factors, instead of focusing on a single factor.
文摘We explore how China's geographically targeted policies impact RMB overseas use individually or in combination.The policies include swap agreements,clearing banks,investment quotas,and direct trading between Chinese renminbi(RMB)and non-USD currencies.Adopting a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis and using Bank of International Settlements cross-country data on foreign exchange markets,we find that institution building has lowered the barriers to international adoption of the RMB.Specifically,for countries economically close to China,high RMB trading is explained by either(i)having a clearing bank in the host market and direct quotations between the RMB and the local currency,or(ii)being a financial center and having access to the Chinese capital market.This combination of policies is explained by the creation of(i)"trading posts"that provide RMB liquidity abroad,and(ii)channels that allow actors to " recycle" offshore RMB funds.We triangulate our results with interviews conducted with senior People’s Bank of China officials.
