BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI)manifestations are prevalent in genetic myopathies,posing significant diagnostic and management challenges.AIM To synthesize evidence on the diagnostic approaches,management strategies,p...BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI)manifestations are prevalent in genetic myopathies,posing significant diagnostic and management challenges.AIM To synthesize evidence on the diagnostic approaches,management strategies,patient perspectives,and future research directions regarding GI symptoms in genetic myopathies.METHODS A systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines.We searched PubMed,Scopus,EMBASE,and Web of Science from inception to December 2024.Eligible studies reported GI manifestations in genetic myopathies,including clinical evaluations,imaging,physiological tests,histopathology,and genetic analyses.Inclusion criteria encompassed original research studies,review articles,case reports,and clinical guidelines published in peer-reviewed journals.Exclusion criteria included conference abstracts without full-text availability and non-peer-reviewed sources.Two independent reviewers screened studies and extracted data.They assessed methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies,A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews for systematic reviews,and the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for case reports.A systematic narrative synthesis was employed to summarize the findings.RESULTS A total of 234 studies met the inclusion criteria.GI manifestations varied widely,with dysphagia,gastroesophageal reflux,abdominal pain,constipation,diarrhea,and fecal incontinence being the most frequently reported symptoms.The included studies highlighted a multidisciplinary diagnostic approach incorporating clinical assessment,imaging,physiological testing,histopathology,and genetic testing.Management strategies ranged from dietary interventions and rehabilitative therapies to pharmacological treatments and surgical procedures.Patient perspectives underscored the significant impact of GI symptoms on quality of life,social interactions,and emotional well-being.The main limitations of the included studies were high heterogeneity in study design,small sample sizes,and the potential risk of bias due to limited methodological rigor in some reports.CONCLUSION This review underscores the complexity of GI manifestations in genetic myopathies and the need for a comprehensive,multidisciplinary management approach.Future research should focus on elucidating molecular mechanisms,identifying biomarkers,and developing targeted therapies to improve patient outcomes.The findings have implications for both clinical practice and public health,emphasizing the necessity of early diagnosis and personalized management strategies.展开更多
The convergence of materials science and biotechnology has catalyzed the development of innovative platforms,including nanotechnology,smart sensors,and supramolecular materials,significantly advancing the progress in ...The convergence of materials science and biotechnology has catalyzed the development of innovative platforms,including nanotechnology,smart sensors,and supramolecular materials,significantly advancing the progress in the field of life sciences[1−7].Among them,supramolecular materials have garnered increasing attention in life sciences owing to their distinctive self-assembly capabilities and intelligent responsiveness[8−12].展开更多
Mental healthcare in Ethiopia is underutilized due to a lack of resources and skilled practitioners.Psychological counselling offers unique intervention possibilities because of its focus on a wide range of mental hea...Mental healthcare in Ethiopia is underutilized due to a lack of resources and skilled practitioners.Psychological counselling offers unique intervention possibilities because of its focus on a wide range of mental health and social justice issues.This literature review tracks the historical development of the profession of psychological counselling in Ethiopia to establish what has been achieved to date and the development challenges.Key achievements include recognition of the profession by the Ministry of Education,growing public awareness,and increasing capacity of practitioners skilled in psychological counselling.Challenges include limited contextually relevant training,poor representation of the profession within Ministry of Health policies,poor public and government mental health literacy,and a lack of regulatory frameworks.Postgraduate training would benefit from more culturally,contextually,and linguistically appropriate evidence-based,indigenous psychology practices.The profession would benefit from engagement in government policy development that promotes mental health,and professional regulatory bodies to hold practitioners accountable to professional standards and ethical practice.展开更多
In the area of pattern recognition and machine learning,features play a key role in prediction.The famous applications of features are medical imaging,image classification,and name a few more.With the exponential grow...In the area of pattern recognition and machine learning,features play a key role in prediction.The famous applications of features are medical imaging,image classification,and name a few more.With the exponential growth of information investments in medical data repositories and health service provision,medical institutions are collecting large volumes of data.These data repositories contain details information essential to support medical diagnostic decisions and also improve patient care quality.On the other hand,this growth also made it difficult to comprehend and utilize data for various purposes.The results of imaging data can become biased because of extraneous features present in larger datasets.Feature selection gives a chance to decrease the number of components in such large datasets.Through selection techniques,ousting the unimportant features and selecting a subset of components that produces prevalent characterization precision.The correct decision to find a good attribute produces a precise grouping model,which enhances learning pace and forecast control.This paper presents a review of feature selection techniques and attributes selection measures for medical imaging.This review is meant to describe feature selection techniques in a medical domainwith their pros and cons and to signify its application in imaging data and data mining algorithms.The review reveals the shortcomings of the existing feature and attributes selection techniques to multi-sourced data.Moreover,this review provides the importance of feature selection for correct classification of medical infections.In the end,critical analysis and future directions are provided.展开更多
Pterygium,a common ocular surface disorder,has a complex pathophysiology that may mimic tumorigenesis.There is altered expression of cell cycle/proliferation-related factors in pterygium tissues.Therefore,similar to c...Pterygium,a common ocular surface disorder,has a complex pathophysiology that may mimic tumorigenesis.There is altered expression of cell cycle/proliferation-related factors in pterygium tissues.Therefore,similar to cancer treatments,the management of pterygium ought to be multifactorial based on the patient’s condition.Current therapeutic methods for pterygium are focused on surgical resection in conjunction with antimetabolite use,in addition tissue graft is usually performed in the context of the avoidance of bare sclera.However,future directions in the management of pterygia will likely focus on genetic approaches.This perspective views the pathogenesis of pterygium,its existing therapies as well as current and future challenges in its treatment.展开更多
Age related macular degeneration （AMD） is a complex progres- sive neurodegenerative disease causing blindness in 30-35 million people worldwide. It affects the macula region of the retina leading to severe vision lo...Age related macular degeneration （AMD） is a complex progres- sive neurodegenerative disease causing blindness in 30-35 million people worldwide. It affects the macula region of the retina leading to severe vision loss and legal blindness in individuals 〉 50 years of age （Wong et al., 2014）. The precise aetiology of AMD is unknown but smoking, age and genetic factors are major risk factors for AMD predisposition （Ding et al., 2009）. The genetic basis of AMD is well described with a recent study from the International AMD gene consortium （IAMDGC） reporting 52 genetic variants across 34 loci associated with the risk of AMD pathogenesis and explaining more than 50% of the genetic heritabilitv of the disease （Fritsche et al., 2016）.展开更多
All synthetic and natural estrogen receptor agonists, in- cluding the most potent physiological molecule estrogen or estradiol （E2）, work typically via activation of nuclear estrogen receptor alpha （ERα） and estr...All synthetic and natural estrogen receptor agonists, in- cluding the most potent physiological molecule estrogen or estradiol （E2）, work typically via activation of nuclear estrogen receptor alpha （ERα） and estrogen receptor beta （ERβ）. Both ERα and ERβ modulate the expression of a variety of genes in the cells. Neurons and glial cells express ERa and ERβ. Many studies so far from our and other laboratories have firmly established the mode of actions that ERα and ERβ agonists are very promising anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents in the treatment of neurodegenera- rive diseases and injuries including spinal cord injury （SCI） （Chakrabarti et al., 2014a）.展开更多
Introduction and Invitation DICP Symposium is a special series of interna-tional conference named after the Dalian Instituteof Chemical Physics (DICP). The DICP Symposiumwas founded with the purpose to promote the int...Introduction and Invitation DICP Symposium is a special series of interna-tional conference named after the Dalian Instituteof Chemical Physics (DICP). The DICP Symposiumwas founded with the purpose to promote the interna-tional communication and collaboration between theDICP and the international scientific community, to展开更多
In the rapidly changing field of drilling technology,the efficient management of cuttings transport within the wellbore has become a critical challenge,especially as the complexity of deviated and extended-reach wells...In the rapidly changing field of drilling technology,the efficient management of cuttings transport within the wellbore has become a critical challenge,especially as the complexity of deviated and extended-reach wells continues to grow.This review brings together experimental,numerical,and analytical studies on cuttings transport,underscoring the role of effective borehole cleaning in mitigating common drilling issues such as pipe sticking and poor cementation.It delves into the interactions among critical drilling parameters-such as annular flow rate,drillpipe eccentricity,fluid rheology,cuttings characteristics,and hole inclination-and their effects on the efficiency of cuttings transport.Descriptions of experimental facilities at various research institutes provide a global perspective on experimental studies of cuttings transport.A critical analysis of the existing literature highlights the primary role of the flow rate in cuttings transport and the significant effects of fluid viscosity,drillpipe rotation,and other drilling parameters on cuttings transport efficiency.This review underscores the complexity of the cuttings transport mechanism and the necessity of optimizing drilling conditions to ensure effective hole cleaning.The paper concludes by proposing future research directions to close existing gaps in knowledge and improve drilling efficiency,potentially reducing operational costs and lowering risks.This review offers a detailed reference for researchers and professionals in the drilling industry,aiding the development of cuttings transport strategies in complex wellbore environments.展开更多
Diabetic neuropathy(DN)is a prevalent and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus,significantly impacting patient quality of life and contributing to morbidity and mortality.Affecting approximately 50%of patien...Diabetic neuropathy(DN)is a prevalent and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus,significantly impacting patient quality of life and contributing to morbidity and mortality.Affecting approximately 50%of patients with diabetes,DN is predominantly characterized by distal symmetric polyneuropathy,leading to sensory loss,pain,and motor dysfunction,often resulting in diabetic foot ulcers and lower-limb amputations.The pathogenesis of DN is multifaceted,involving hyperglycemia,dyslipidemia,oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,and inflammation,which collectively damage peripheral nerves.Despite extensive research,disease-modifying treatments remain elusive,with current management primarily focusing on symptom control.This review explores the complex mechanisms underlying DN and highlights recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.Emerging insights into the molecular and cellular pathways have unveiled potential targets for intervention,including neuroprotective agents,gene and stem cell therapies,and innovative pharmacological approaches.Additionally,novel diagnostic tools,such as corneal confocal microscopy and biomarker-based tests,have improved early detection and intervention.Lifestyle modifications and multidisciplinary care strategies can enhance patient outcomes.While significant progress has been made,further research is required to develop therapies that can effectively halt or reverse disease progression,ultimately improving the lives of individuals with DN.This review provides a comprehensive overview of current understanding and future directions in DN research and management.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia(GTN)is a group of malignant tumours caused by the abnormal proliferation of placental trophoblastic cells.It primarily includes invasive mole,choriocarcinoma,placental ...INTRODUCTION Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia(GTN)is a group of malignant tumours caused by the abnormal proliferation of placental trophoblastic cells.It primarily includes invasive mole,choriocarcinoma,placental site trophoblastic tumour and epithelioid trophoblastic tumour.展开更多
In this comprehensive and well-structured review,Ragheb~([1])delves into the rising interest in intracavernosal platelet-rich plasma(PRP)therapy for erectile dysfunction(ED),an area where clinical curiosity has outpac...In this comprehensive and well-structured review,Ragheb~([1])delves into the rising interest in intracavernosal platelet-rich plasma(PRP)therapy for erectile dysfunction(ED),an area where clinical curiosity has outpaced standardization.With increasing attention on regenerative urology,this article provides a timely overview of both preclinical and clinical data surrounding PRP as a novel,autologous,and biologically intuitive treatment strategy for ED.展开更多
In this opening commentary,we highlight the development of the teaching and learning of Chinese as a second or foreign language(CSL/CFL),which has attracted much attention from researchers,language educators,and other...In this opening commentary,we highlight the development of the teaching and learning of Chinese as a second or foreign language(CSL/CFL),which has attracted much attention from researchers,language educators,and other stakeholders worldwide.To contribute to this ongoing examination and discussion,this special issue documents the collective efforts of scholars in different educational contexts to review six critical issues in teaching and learning CSL/CFL:learning and instruction of reading Chinese as an additional language,Chinese character teaching and learning,learner identity in CSL/CFL education,teaching and learning Chinese through immersion,technology assisted CSL/CFL teaching and learning,and mobile assisted learning CFL.We contend that all efforts to address these critical issues require constant examination to facilitate further development in CSL/CFL education around the world.展开更多
Safeguarding water resources,aquatic habitats,and ecosystems is paramount for the well-being of the populace,the future of the nation,and the sustainable development of China.With the relentless progression of ecologi...Safeguarding water resources,aquatic habitats,and ecosystems is paramount for the well-being of the populace,the future of the nation,and the sustainable development of China.With the relentless progression of ecological and environmental protection and the establishment of an ecological civilization,China's aquatic ecological environment protection has undergone five decades of exploration.The water environment protection paradigm has gradually transitioned from emphasizing pollutant emission concentration control and total pollutant emission control to prioritizing water environment quality improvement.Particularly in the past decade,regions nationwide have conducted proactive explorations and practices in source control,emission abatement,and quality enhancement.This paper systematically reviews the achievements in China's water environmental quality improvement and the characteristics of water environment management at various stages over the past half-century.Considering the deployment of“three waters”coordination(water resources,water environment,and water ecology),green development,pollution,carbon reduction,and so forth,this paper analyzes the challenges confronted by China's aquatic ecological environment protection.Finally,future directions are prospected from six aspects:green development,climate change response,water resource allocation optimization,collaborative governance of multiple pollutants,aquatic ecological protection strengthening,and intelligent management improvement.展开更多
Autoimmune liver disease,including autoimmune hepatitis,primary biliary cholangitis,and primary sclerosing cholangitis,is a chronic autoimmune liver condition characterized by abnormal accumulation of proinflammatory ...Autoimmune liver disease,including autoimmune hepatitis,primary biliary cholangitis,and primary sclerosing cholangitis,is a chronic autoimmune liver condition characterized by abnormal accumulation of proinflammatory immune cells.As more and more genetic studies are conducted,it is becoming increasingly clear that genetic risk cannot fully explain disease pathogenesis.Epigenetic modifications,including CpG island DNA methylation,histone modification,and microRNA-mediated gene silencing,are gradually being acknowledged to play a role in immune cellular identity and disease heterogeneity.Given the heterogeneity and environmental exposure bias observed in patients,it is essential to uncover the epigenetic mechanisms of autoimmune liver disease,which could integrate environmental skewing,cell lineage commitment,and genetics to provide a fuller mechanistic understanding of the disease.Epigenetic profiling holds promise for identifying diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers,and epigenetic manipulations could result in novel therapies.Cutting-edge breakthroughs are frequently being made in epigenetics,which might guide future explorations into autoimmune liver disease.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic has irrevocably transformed the landscape of education across the globe.As we emerge from this unprecedented period,the field of geoscience education stands at a critical junction.Whether scienti...The COVID-19 pandemic has irrevocably transformed the landscape of education across the globe.As we emerge from this unprecedented period,the field of geoscience education stands at a critical junction.Whether scientifically sound or not,the overwhelming availability of information and the expectation of immediate access to such information by the new generations pose additional challenges for education in any discipline.Therefore,the necessity to adapt and innovate in teaching methodologies has never been more pressing.This special issue of Episodes,titled"International Geoscience Education Strategies:Innovations,Collaborations,and Future Directions,"is a snapshot of the current state and future trajectory of geoscience education as of December 2024.展开更多
The purpose of the present study was to describe and provide insight on Detroit’s music industry,with the practical goal to inform the current state of music in Detroit and draw conclusive suggestions for bringing mu...The purpose of the present study was to describe and provide insight on Detroit’s music industry,with the practical goal to inform the current state of music in Detroit and draw conclusive suggestions for bringing music back to a forefront of Detroit.The study drew on a sample of convenience(N=4)by researcher networking and past work in the Detroit music industry.Eight themes were identified in a content analysis of interview responses.The study revealed a deep and common vision shared among diverse industry professionals-to bring national recognition back to Detroit.Everyone wants Detroit’s music industry to make a comeback,however,they realize it is a slow process to achieve that goal.展开更多
With the continuous development of human society, the damage to the natural environment is becoming increasingly large, causing crisis events to occur frequently. In recent years, the study of community resilience is ...With the continuous development of human society, the damage to the natural environment is becoming increasingly large, causing crisis events to occur frequently. In recent years, the study of community resilience is becoming popular among scholars because of its perspective on disaster prevention and mitigation. In this study, we apply database retrieval to untangle community resilience-related papers from multiple directions. We analyze the connotation, attribute, and composition of community, resilience, and community resilience comprehensively by summarizing important issues and research progress in community resilience. Challenges and shortcomings faced by community resilience development are also determined. Moreover, we put forward the research directions that future research can focus on. Through literature review, current research on community resilience focuses on the following aspects: "infrastructure construction," "crowd in the community," "economic resilience,""social capital," and "measurement of community resilience." Such research is not yet systematic and relatively decentralized. The attention to collective resilience in the community is relatively weak, which makes achieving the goal of "people-oriented and systematic control" difficult.Therefore, this study states that the development of future community resilience should stand from the perspective of"system of system" and build on knowledge and tools of various relevant domains. Therefore, public needs and participation are highlighted as breakthrough points. The research should integrate infrastructure and economic resilience, social resource allocation, network connection,and other aspects to build a holistic and functional resilient community.展开更多
Electricity theft is one of the major issues in developing countries which is affecting their economy badly.Especially with the introduction of emerging technologies,this issue became more complicated.Though many new ...Electricity theft is one of the major issues in developing countries which is affecting their economy badly.Especially with the introduction of emerging technologies,this issue became more complicated.Though many new energy theft detection(ETD)techniques have been proposed by utilising different data mining(DM)techniques,state&network(S&N)based techniques,and game theory(GT)techniques.Here,a detailed survey is presented where many state-of-the-art ETD techniques are studied and analysed for their strengths and limitations.Three levels of taxonomy are presented to classify state-of-the-art ETD techniques.Different types and ways of energy theft and their consequences are studied and summarised and different parameters to benchmark the performance of proposed techniques are extracted from literature.The challenges of different ETD techniques and their mitigation are suggested for future work.It is observed that the literature on ETD lacks knowledge management techniques that can be more effective,not only for ETD but also for theft tracking.This can help in the prevention of energy theft,in the future,as well as for ETD.展开更多
Based on reviewing the problems in limnology and watershed sciences in meeting the national demands and the development of theories and methodology, this paper proposed some challeng-ing topics to the sciences, coveri...Based on reviewing the problems in limnology and watershed sciences in meeting the national demands and the development of theories and methodology, this paper proposed some challeng-ing topics to the sciences, covering the process of lake evolution and the quantitative analysis of hu-man impacts, in-lake nutrient cycling an biogeo-chemical process, the process and mechanisms of material flow in lake-watershed system, digital watershed and the modeling of the surface pro-cess of lake-watershed, and ecosystem health and scientific management of lake- watershed.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI)manifestations are prevalent in genetic myopathies,posing significant diagnostic and management challenges.AIM To synthesize evidence on the diagnostic approaches,management strategies,patient perspectives,and future research directions regarding GI symptoms in genetic myopathies.METHODS A systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines.We searched PubMed,Scopus,EMBASE,and Web of Science from inception to December 2024.Eligible studies reported GI manifestations in genetic myopathies,including clinical evaluations,imaging,physiological tests,histopathology,and genetic analyses.Inclusion criteria encompassed original research studies,review articles,case reports,and clinical guidelines published in peer-reviewed journals.Exclusion criteria included conference abstracts without full-text availability and non-peer-reviewed sources.Two independent reviewers screened studies and extracted data.They assessed methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies,A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews for systematic reviews,and the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for case reports.A systematic narrative synthesis was employed to summarize the findings.RESULTS A total of 234 studies met the inclusion criteria.GI manifestations varied widely,with dysphagia,gastroesophageal reflux,abdominal pain,constipation,diarrhea,and fecal incontinence being the most frequently reported symptoms.The included studies highlighted a multidisciplinary diagnostic approach incorporating clinical assessment,imaging,physiological testing,histopathology,and genetic testing.Management strategies ranged from dietary interventions and rehabilitative therapies to pharmacological treatments and surgical procedures.Patient perspectives underscored the significant impact of GI symptoms on quality of life,social interactions,and emotional well-being.The main limitations of the included studies were high heterogeneity in study design,small sample sizes,and the potential risk of bias due to limited methodological rigor in some reports.CONCLUSION This review underscores the complexity of GI manifestations in genetic myopathies and the need for a comprehensive,multidisciplinary management approach.Future research should focus on elucidating molecular mechanisms,identifying biomarkers,and developing targeted therapies to improve patient outcomes.The findings have implications for both clinical practice and public health,emphasizing the necessity of early diagnosis and personalized management strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22101043)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N2205013,N232410019,N2405013)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2023-MSBA-068)the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing(SKLHOP202203006)the Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids,Ministry of Education(FMS2023005)Northeastern University。
文摘The convergence of materials science and biotechnology has catalyzed the development of innovative platforms,including nanotechnology,smart sensors,and supramolecular materials,significantly advancing the progress in the field of life sciences[1−7].Among them,supramolecular materials have garnered increasing attention in life sciences owing to their distinctive self-assembly capabilities and intelligent responsiveness[8−12].
文摘Mental healthcare in Ethiopia is underutilized due to a lack of resources and skilled practitioners.Psychological counselling offers unique intervention possibilities because of its focus on a wide range of mental health and social justice issues.This literature review tracks the historical development of the profession of psychological counselling in Ethiopia to establish what has been achieved to date and the development challenges.Key achievements include recognition of the profession by the Ministry of Education,growing public awareness,and increasing capacity of practitioners skilled in psychological counselling.Challenges include limited contextually relevant training,poor representation of the profession within Ministry of Health policies,poor public and government mental health literacy,and a lack of regulatory frameworks.Postgraduate training would benefit from more culturally,contextually,and linguistically appropriate evidence-based,indigenous psychology practices.The profession would benefit from engagement in government policy development that promotes mental health,and professional regulatory bodies to hold practitioners accountable to professional standards and ethical practice.
文摘In the area of pattern recognition and machine learning,features play a key role in prediction.The famous applications of features are medical imaging,image classification,and name a few more.With the exponential growth of information investments in medical data repositories and health service provision,medical institutions are collecting large volumes of data.These data repositories contain details information essential to support medical diagnostic decisions and also improve patient care quality.On the other hand,this growth also made it difficult to comprehend and utilize data for various purposes.The results of imaging data can become biased because of extraneous features present in larger datasets.Feature selection gives a chance to decrease the number of components in such large datasets.Through selection techniques,ousting the unimportant features and selecting a subset of components that produces prevalent characterization precision.The correct decision to find a good attribute produces a precise grouping model,which enhances learning pace and forecast control.This paper presents a review of feature selection techniques and attributes selection measures for medical imaging.This review is meant to describe feature selection techniques in a medical domainwith their pros and cons and to signify its application in imaging data and data mining algorithms.The review reveals the shortcomings of the existing feature and attributes selection techniques to multi-sourced data.Moreover,this review provides the importance of feature selection for correct classification of medical infections.In the end,critical analysis and future directions are provided.
文摘Pterygium,a common ocular surface disorder,has a complex pathophysiology that may mimic tumorigenesis.There is altered expression of cell cycle/proliferation-related factors in pterygium tissues.Therefore,similar to cancer treatments,the management of pterygium ought to be multifactorial based on the patient’s condition.Current therapeutic methods for pterygium are focused on surgical resection in conjunction with antimetabolite use,in addition tissue graft is usually performed in the context of the avoidance of bare sclera.However,future directions in the management of pterygia will likely focus on genetic approaches.This perspective views the pathogenesis of pterygium,its existing therapies as well as current and future challenges in its treatment.
基金funding from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) project grant 1008979Senior Research Fellowship 1028444 (PNB)+1 种基金Melbourne International research ScholarshipMelbourne International fee remission scholarship from the University of Melbourne Australia
文摘Age related macular degeneration （AMD） is a complex progres- sive neurodegenerative disease causing blindness in 30-35 million people worldwide. It affects the macula region of the retina leading to severe vision loss and legal blindness in individuals 〉 50 years of age （Wong et al., 2014）. The precise aetiology of AMD is unknown but smoking, age and genetic factors are major risk factors for AMD predisposition （Ding et al., 2009）. The genetic basis of AMD is well described with a recent study from the International AMD gene consortium （IAMDGC） reporting 52 genetic variants across 34 loci associated with the risk of AMD pathogenesis and explaining more than 50% of the genetic heritabilitv of the disease （Fritsche et al., 2016）.
基金supported in part by the grants from the South Carolina Spinal Cord Injury Research Fund(SC SCIRF-2015-I-01,Columbia,SC,USA)the United Soybean Board(USB,Chesterfield,MO,USA)to SKR
文摘All synthetic and natural estrogen receptor agonists, in- cluding the most potent physiological molecule estrogen or estradiol （E2）, work typically via activation of nuclear estrogen receptor alpha （ERα） and estrogen receptor beta （ERβ）. Both ERα and ERβ modulate the expression of a variety of genes in the cells. Neurons and glial cells express ERa and ERβ. Many studies so far from our and other laboratories have firmly established the mode of actions that ERα and ERβ agonists are very promising anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents in the treatment of neurodegenera- rive diseases and injuries including spinal cord injury （SCI） （Chakrabarti et al., 2014a）.
文摘Introduction and Invitation DICP Symposium is a special series of interna-tional conference named after the Dalian Instituteof Chemical Physics (DICP). The DICP Symposiumwas founded with the purpose to promote the interna-tional communication and collaboration between theDICP and the international scientific community, to
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52274019 and 52125401)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(Grant No.2462022QNXZ004)the National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing(Grant No.PRE/indep-3-2306).
文摘In the rapidly changing field of drilling technology,the efficient management of cuttings transport within the wellbore has become a critical challenge,especially as the complexity of deviated and extended-reach wells continues to grow.This review brings together experimental,numerical,and analytical studies on cuttings transport,underscoring the role of effective borehole cleaning in mitigating common drilling issues such as pipe sticking and poor cementation.It delves into the interactions among critical drilling parameters-such as annular flow rate,drillpipe eccentricity,fluid rheology,cuttings characteristics,and hole inclination-and their effects on the efficiency of cuttings transport.Descriptions of experimental facilities at various research institutes provide a global perspective on experimental studies of cuttings transport.A critical analysis of the existing literature highlights the primary role of the flow rate in cuttings transport and the significant effects of fluid viscosity,drillpipe rotation,and other drilling parameters on cuttings transport efficiency.This review underscores the complexity of the cuttings transport mechanism and the necessity of optimizing drilling conditions to ensure effective hole cleaning.The paper concludes by proposing future research directions to close existing gaps in knowledge and improve drilling efficiency,potentially reducing operational costs and lowering risks.This review offers a detailed reference for researchers and professionals in the drilling industry,aiding the development of cuttings transport strategies in complex wellbore environments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 82125037]Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu province[grant number BK20231528]+3 种基金Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province[grant number BE2022815]Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center[grant number CXZX202225]Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program of the China Association for Science and Technology[grant number 2021-QNRC2-B17]333 high-level talents project of Jiangsu Province for Yang Yang[grant number BRA202202].
文摘Diabetic neuropathy(DN)is a prevalent and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus,significantly impacting patient quality of life and contributing to morbidity and mortality.Affecting approximately 50%of patients with diabetes,DN is predominantly characterized by distal symmetric polyneuropathy,leading to sensory loss,pain,and motor dysfunction,often resulting in diabetic foot ulcers and lower-limb amputations.The pathogenesis of DN is multifaceted,involving hyperglycemia,dyslipidemia,oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,and inflammation,which collectively damage peripheral nerves.Despite extensive research,disease-modifying treatments remain elusive,with current management primarily focusing on symptom control.This review explores the complex mechanisms underlying DN and highlights recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.Emerging insights into the molecular and cellular pathways have unveiled potential targets for intervention,including neuroprotective agents,gene and stem cell therapies,and innovative pharmacological approaches.Additionally,novel diagnostic tools,such as corneal confocal microscopy and biomarker-based tests,have improved early detection and intervention.Lifestyle modifications and multidisciplinary care strategies can enhance patient outcomes.While significant progress has been made,further research is required to develop therapies that can effectively halt or reverse disease progression,ultimately improving the lives of individuals with DN.This review provides a comprehensive overview of current understanding and future directions in DN research and management.
基金supported by the National Key R&D National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2023YFC2705803).
文摘INTRODUCTION Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia(GTN)is a group of malignant tumours caused by the abnormal proliferation of placental trophoblastic cells.It primarily includes invasive mole,choriocarcinoma,placental site trophoblastic tumour and epithelioid trophoblastic tumour.
文摘In this comprehensive and well-structured review,Ragheb~([1])delves into the rising interest in intracavernosal platelet-rich plasma(PRP)therapy for erectile dysfunction(ED),an area where clinical curiosity has outpaced standardization.With increasing attention on regenerative urology,this article provides a timely overview of both preclinical and clinical data surrounding PRP as a novel,autologous,and biologically intuitive treatment strategy for ED.
基金supported by the Specialized Subsidy Scheme for Macao Higher Education Institutions in the Area of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences of Higher Education Bureau(10/DSESHSS-UM/2019)(Macao SAR,China).
文摘In this opening commentary,we highlight the development of the teaching and learning of Chinese as a second or foreign language(CSL/CFL),which has attracted much attention from researchers,language educators,and other stakeholders worldwide.To contribute to this ongoing examination and discussion,this special issue documents the collective efforts of scholars in different educational contexts to review six critical issues in teaching and learning CSL/CFL:learning and instruction of reading Chinese as an additional language,Chinese character teaching and learning,learner identity in CSL/CFL education,teaching and learning Chinese through immersion,technology assisted CSL/CFL teaching and learning,and mobile assisted learning CFL.We contend that all efforts to address these critical issues require constant examination to facilitate further development in CSL/CFL education around the world.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:42107503National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:SQ2022YFC3200080。
文摘Safeguarding water resources,aquatic habitats,and ecosystems is paramount for the well-being of the populace,the future of the nation,and the sustainable development of China.With the relentless progression of ecological and environmental protection and the establishment of an ecological civilization,China's aquatic ecological environment protection has undergone five decades of exploration.The water environment protection paradigm has gradually transitioned from emphasizing pollutant emission concentration control and total pollutant emission control to prioritizing water environment quality improvement.Particularly in the past decade,regions nationwide have conducted proactive explorations and practices in source control,emission abatement,and quality enhancement.This paper systematically reviews the achievements in China's water environmental quality improvement and the characteristics of water environment management at various stages over the past half-century.Considering the deployment of“three waters”coordination(water resources,water environment,and water ecology),green development,pollution,carbon reduction,and so forth,this paper analyzes the challenges confronted by China's aquatic ecological environment protection.Finally,future directions are prospected from six aspects:green development,climate change response,water resource allocation optimization,collaborative governance of multiple pollutants,aquatic ecological protection strengthening,and intelligent management improvement.
文摘Autoimmune liver disease,including autoimmune hepatitis,primary biliary cholangitis,and primary sclerosing cholangitis,is a chronic autoimmune liver condition characterized by abnormal accumulation of proinflammatory immune cells.As more and more genetic studies are conducted,it is becoming increasingly clear that genetic risk cannot fully explain disease pathogenesis.Epigenetic modifications,including CpG island DNA methylation,histone modification,and microRNA-mediated gene silencing,are gradually being acknowledged to play a role in immune cellular identity and disease heterogeneity.Given the heterogeneity and environmental exposure bias observed in patients,it is essential to uncover the epigenetic mechanisms of autoimmune liver disease,which could integrate environmental skewing,cell lineage commitment,and genetics to provide a fuller mechanistic understanding of the disease.Epigenetic profiling holds promise for identifying diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers,and epigenetic manipulations could result in novel therapies.Cutting-edge breakthroughs are frequently being made in epigenetics,which might guide future explorations into autoimmune liver disease.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has irrevocably transformed the landscape of education across the globe.As we emerge from this unprecedented period,the field of geoscience education stands at a critical junction.Whether scientifically sound or not,the overwhelming availability of information and the expectation of immediate access to such information by the new generations pose additional challenges for education in any discipline.Therefore,the necessity to adapt and innovate in teaching methodologies has never been more pressing.This special issue of Episodes,titled"International Geoscience Education Strategies:Innovations,Collaborations,and Future Directions,"is a snapshot of the current state and future trajectory of geoscience education as of December 2024.
文摘The purpose of the present study was to describe and provide insight on Detroit’s music industry,with the practical goal to inform the current state of music in Detroit and draw conclusive suggestions for bringing music back to a forefront of Detroit.The study drew on a sample of convenience(N=4)by researcher networking and past work in the Detroit music industry.Eight themes were identified in a content analysis of interview responses.The study revealed a deep and common vision shared among diverse industry professionals-to bring national recognition back to Detroit.Everyone wants Detroit’s music industry to make a comeback,however,they realize it is a slow process to achieve that goal.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFC0803308)Humanities and Social Science Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.13YJCZH129)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1709212,71741023 and 71741025)Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program(Grant Nos.2014z21050 and 2015THZ0)
文摘With the continuous development of human society, the damage to the natural environment is becoming increasingly large, causing crisis events to occur frequently. In recent years, the study of community resilience is becoming popular among scholars because of its perspective on disaster prevention and mitigation. In this study, we apply database retrieval to untangle community resilience-related papers from multiple directions. We analyze the connotation, attribute, and composition of community, resilience, and community resilience comprehensively by summarizing important issues and research progress in community resilience. Challenges and shortcomings faced by community resilience development are also determined. Moreover, we put forward the research directions that future research can focus on. Through literature review, current research on community resilience focuses on the following aspects: "infrastructure construction," "crowd in the community," "economic resilience,""social capital," and "measurement of community resilience." Such research is not yet systematic and relatively decentralized. The attention to collective resilience in the community is relatively weak, which makes achieving the goal of "people-oriented and systematic control" difficult.Therefore, this study states that the development of future community resilience should stand from the perspective of"system of system" and build on knowledge and tools of various relevant domains. Therefore, public needs and participation are highlighted as breakthrough points. The research should integrate infrastructure and economic resilience, social resource allocation, network connection,and other aspects to build a holistic and functional resilient community.
基金supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Sk?odowska-Curie Grant Agreement(801522)Science Foundation Ireland and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund through the ADAPT Centre for Digital Content Technology(13/RC/2106_P2)。
文摘Electricity theft is one of the major issues in developing countries which is affecting their economy badly.Especially with the introduction of emerging technologies,this issue became more complicated.Though many new energy theft detection(ETD)techniques have been proposed by utilising different data mining(DM)techniques,state&network(S&N)based techniques,and game theory(GT)techniques.Here,a detailed survey is presented where many state-of-the-art ETD techniques are studied and analysed for their strengths and limitations.Three levels of taxonomy are presented to classify state-of-the-art ETD techniques.Different types and ways of energy theft and their consequences are studied and summarised and different parameters to benchmark the performance of proposed techniques are extracted from literature.The challenges of different ETD techniques and their mitigation are suggested for future work.It is observed that the literature on ETD lacks knowledge management techniques that can be more effective,not only for ETD but also for theft tracking.This can help in the prevention of energy theft,in the future,as well as for ETD.
文摘Based on reviewing the problems in limnology and watershed sciences in meeting the national demands and the development of theories and methodology, this paper proposed some challeng-ing topics to the sciences, covering the process of lake evolution and the quantitative analysis of hu-man impacts, in-lake nutrient cycling an biogeo-chemical process, the process and mechanisms of material flow in lake-watershed system, digital watershed and the modeling of the surface pro-cess of lake-watershed, and ecosystem health and scientific management of lake- watershed.
