This special topic of Science China Technological Sciences is dedicated to presenting a collection of work that highlights the significant progress made by Chinese scholars at the interdisciplinary frontier of biomedi...This special topic of Science China Technological Sciences is dedicated to presenting a collection of work that highlights the significant progress made by Chinese scholars at the interdisciplinary frontier of biomedical polymer materials,life sciences,medicine,and cutting-edge technology.Comprising nine contributions,including reviews,articles,and a perspective,this topic aims to showcase the innovative design and broad application of functional polymers in addressing key biomedical challenges from multiple dimensions.展开更多
Oxygen is essential for sustaining life,maintaining physiological homeostasis,and supporting a wide range of therapeutic applications.Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers(HBOCs)have long been explored as potential substit...Oxygen is essential for sustaining life,maintaining physiological homeostasis,and supporting a wide range of therapeutic applications.Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers(HBOCs)have long been explored as potential substitutes for red blood cells(RBCs)due to their inherent oxygen transport capability.However,their clinical translation has been constrained by issues such as vasoactivity,oxidative stress-induced toxicity,and short circulation half-life.Recent advances in functional polymer science have provided new opportunities to overcome these barriers,with strategies including hemoglobin-polymer conjugation and encapsulation enabling the development of HBOCs with improved safety and efficacy.This review summarizes recent progress in the use of functional polymers for HBOC development,outlines key methods for performance evaluation,and discusses their current status and future prospects in diverse biomedical contexts,including blood substitution,ischemia-reperfusion injury and ischemic stroke therapy,tissue engineering,and cancer treatment.展开更多
Polyvinyl chloride(PVC)is one of the most widely used plastic materials worldwide,particularly in long-life applications such as construction materials.However,recycling options for PVC waste remain limited,as convent...Polyvinyl chloride(PVC)is one of the most widely used plastic materials worldwide,particularly in long-life applications such as construction materials.However,recycling options for PVC waste remain limited,as conventional methods often degrade material quality or generate environmentally hazardous byproducts.In this study,we demonstrate an efficient process to convert PVC into new polymers with variable aromatic groups,using triethylsilane as the reductant in different solvents.This approach enables the production of polymers analogous to functionalized polyethylene(PE),which are typically challenging to obtain through conventional copolymerization or direct post-modification of C-H bonds in PE.The resulting polymers exhibit tunable thermal and mechanical properties depending on the introduced aromatic groups,which not only enhance the sustainable valorization of PVC waste,but also provide an opportunity for the synthesis of new functionalized polymers.展开更多
Scaffolds play a crucial role in tissue engineering. Biodegradable polymers with great processing flexibility are the predominant scaffolding materials. Synthetic biodegradable polymers with well-defined structure and...Scaffolds play a crucial role in tissue engineering. Biodegradable polymers with great processing flexibility are the predominant scaffolding materials. Synthetic biodegradable polymers with well-defined structure and without immunological concerns associated with naturally derived polymers are widely used in tissue engineering. The synthetic biodegradable polymers that are widely used in tissue engineering, including polyesters, polyanhydrides, polyphosphazenes, polyurethane, and poly(glycerol sebacate) are summarized in this article. New developments in conducting polymers, photoresponsive polymers, amino-acid-based polymers, enzymatically degradable polymers, and peptide-activated polymers are also discussed. In addition to chemical functionalization, the scaffold designs that mimic the nano and micro features of the extracellular matrix(ECM) are presented as well, and composite and nanocomposite scaffolds are also reviewed.展开更多
The use of living, alkyllithium-initiated anionic polymerization to prepare chain-end functionalized polymers and heteroarm, star-branched polymers is discussed. The scope and limitations of specific termination react...The use of living, alkyllithium-initiated anionic polymerization to prepare chain-end functionalized polymers and heteroarm, star-branched polymers is discussed. The scope and limitations of specific termination reactions with a variety of electrophilic species are illustrated for carbonation, hydroxyethylation, amination, and sulfonation. The methodology of using substituted 1,1-diphenylethylenes to provide a general, quantitative functionalization procedure is outlined and illustrated with examples of amine and phenol end-functionalization. A methodology is described for the synthesis of functionalized, star-branched copolymers with compositionally heterogeneous arms of controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution using 1, 3-bis(1-pbenylethenyl) benzene.展开更多
In response to the challenges of sand production and high water cut during the exploitation of oil reservoirs in unconsolidated sandstones,a novel sand-water dual-control functional polymer,PDSM,was synthesized using ...In response to the challenges of sand production and high water cut during the exploitation of oil reservoirs in unconsolidated sandstones,a novel sand-water dual-control functional polymer,PDSM,was synthesized using acrylamide(AM),methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(DMC),and styrene monomer(SM)as raw materials.The chemical structure and thermal stability of PDSM were verified by1H-NMR,FT-IR,and TGA analyses.To evaluate its performance,functional polymers PDM and PSM,containing only DMC or SM,respectively,were used as control groups.The study systematically investigated the static adsorption,sand production,sand leakage time,standard water-oil resistance ratio,and water cut reduction performance of PDSM.The results demonstrated that,due to the synergistic effect of functional monomers DMC and SM,PDSM exhibited superior dual-control over sand and water compared to PDM and PSM.PDSM enhanced wettability properties reduce the contact angle of the water phase on oil-wet rock surfaces to 64.0°,facilitating better adsorption of polymer molecules on the rock surface and achieving a static adsorption capacity of 14.6 mg/g.PDSM effectively bridges/bundles sand grains through SM and DMC,increasing resistance to fluid erosion.At a flow rate of 100 mL/min,sand production was only 0.026 g/L,surpassing the"Q/SH 10202377-2020"standard for sand inhibitors,which defines"excellent"performance as having a sand production rate of≤0.05 g/L.PDSM forms an adsorption layer(polymer concentrated layer)on the rock surface,expanding when in contact with water and shrinking when in contact with oil,thereby significantly reducing the permeability of the water layer without affecting the permeability of the oil layer.The standard water-oil resistance ratio was measured at 5.41,and the watercut of produced fluid was reduced by 18.6%.These findings provide new theoretical insights and technical guidance for developing dual-function sand-water control agents.展开更多
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been at its worst and the world is fighting to help global public health. In this aspect the role played by polymers and polymeric materials including plastics as t...The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been at its worst and the world is fighting to help global public health. In this aspect the role played by polymers and polymeric materials including plastics as the main material in medical devices, personal protective equipment for health care workers is huge. Advantages like mass production, lower cost and possibilities for sterilization and disinfection of the plastic materials make them an inevitable material in healthcare sector. Apart from plastics, anti-viral and anti-microbial coatings, polymeric nanocomposites and functional polymers have been introduced as a helping tool against COVID-19. This review focuses on the application of polymers, and polymeric materials in COVID-19 pandemic. Usage of plastics and its applications in healthcare and related sectors have been reviewed. The major challenges faced and future prospects on the usage of polymers have also been discussed.展开更多
Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery as a high-energy density electrochemical energy storage system has attracted many researchers’attention.However,the shuttle effect of Li–S batteries and the challenges associated with l...Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery as a high-energy density electrochemical energy storage system has attracted many researchers’attention.However,the shuttle effect of Li–S batteries and the challenges associated with lithium metal anode caused poor cycle performance.In this work,the organosulfide poly(sulfur-1,3-diisopropenylbenzene)(PSD)was prepared as cathode material and additive of P(VDFHFP)polymer electrolyte(P(VDF-HFP)).It was verified that P(VDF-HFP)polymer electrolyte with 10%PSD(P(VDF-HFP)-10%PSD)showed a higher ionic conductivities than that of liquid electrolyte up to2.27×10-3 S cm-1 at room temperature.The quasi-solid-state Li-S batteries fabricated with organosulfide cathode material PSD and P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte delivered good cycling stability(780 m Ah g-1 after 200 th cycle at 0.1 C)and rate performance(613 m Ah g-1 at 1 C).The good cycling performance could be attributed to the synergistic effect of components,including the interaction between polysulfides and polymer main chain in the organosulfide cathode,the sustained organic/inorganic hybrid stable SEI layer formed by polymer electrolyte additive PSD,the improved cathode/electrolyte interface and the good affinity between P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte and Li metal surface.This strategy herein may provide a new route to fabricate high-performance Li–S batteries through the organosulfide cathode and functional polymer electrolyte.展开更多
Functional polymer composites(FPCs)have attracted increasing attention in recent decades due to their great potential in delivering a wide range of functionalities.These functionalities are largely determined by funct...Functional polymer composites(FPCs)have attracted increasing attention in recent decades due to their great potential in delivering a wide range of functionalities.These functionalities are largely determined by functional fillers and their network morphology in polymer matrix.In recent years,a large number of studies on morphology control and interfacial modification have been reported,where numerous preparation methods and exciting performance of FPCs have been reported.Despite the fact that these FPCs have many similarities because they are all consisting of functional inorganic fillers and polymer matrices,review on the overall progress of FPCs is still missing,and especially the overall processing strategy for these composites is urgently needed.Herein,a"Toolbox"for the processing of FPCs is proposed to summarize and analyze the overall processing strategies and corresponding morphology evolution for FPCs.From this perspective,the morphological control methods already utilized for various FPCs are systematically reviewed,so that guidelines or even predictions on the processing strategies of various FPCs as well as multi-functional polymer composites could be given.This review should be able to provide interesting insights for the field of FPCs and boost future intelligent design of various FPCs.展开更多
Functionalization of polymer foams by surface coating is of great interest for advanced flow-interactive materials working with well-controlled 3D open channels.However,realizing heavy functional coating via a fast an...Functionalization of polymer foams by surface coating is of great interest for advanced flow-interactive materials working with well-controlled 3D open channels.However,realizing heavy functional coating via a fast and recyclable way remains a big challenge.Here,inspired by the battery electrodes,we propose a scalable mechanic-assisted heavy coating strategy based on the design of sticky jammed fluid(SJF)to conquer the above challenge.Similar to the electrode slurry,the SJF is dominated by a high concentration of active material(≥20 wt%of active carbon,for instance)uniformly dispersed in a protein binder solution.Due to the sticky and solidrich nature of the SJF,one can realize a high coating efficiency of 60 wt%gain per coating.The critical factors controlling the coating processing and quality are further identified and discussed.Furthermore,the functionalized foam is demonstrated as a high-performance shape-customizable toxic gas remover,which can absorb formaldehyde very efficiently at different circumstances,including static adsorption,flow-based filtration,and source interception.Finally,the foam skeleton and the active materials are easily recycled by a facile solvent treatment.This study may inspire new scalable way for fast,heavy,and customizable functionalization of polymeric foams.展开更多
Recently we have studied the rare earth ion-selective electrodes with active materials of the func-tional polymers and found that the process chosen for the functional polymers had an effect on the propertiesof gadoli...Recently we have studied the rare earth ion-selective electrodes with active materials of the func-tional polymers and found that the process chosen for the functional polymers had an effect on the propertiesof gadolinium ion selective electrode besides the effects of their structures.1.Effect of preparation process of the grafted polymers on the properties ofgadolinium ion selective electrodesThe electrode membranes which consist of functional polymers as active materials were prepared by re-action of gadolinium chloride with the radiation grafted clmer of acrlic acid and polystyrene of which展开更多
In this paper,the functional polymeric active materials were prepared by the grafting copolymerization and their structure and properties were studied.The results show that the structure and properties of these ac- ti...In this paper,the functional polymeric active materials were prepared by the grafting copolymerization and their structure and properties were studied.The results show that the structure and properties of these ac- tive materials have the relative large effects on the properties of gadolinium ion selective electrodes.展开更多
Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to b...Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to be a powerful and versatile tool to modulate cell behavior.In this review,we summarized recent advances and future trends in the field of intracellular polymerization,specifically focusing on covalent and supramolecular polymerization.This discussion comprehensively covers the diverse chemical designs,reaction mechanisms,responsive features,and functional applications.Furthermore,we also clarified the connection between preliminary design of polymer synthesis and their subsequent biological applications.We hope this review will serve as an innovative platform for chemists and biologists to regulate biological functions in practical applications and clinical trials.展开更多
Dendronized polymers(DenPols)with tunable shape and surface property have been recognized as a type of promising unimolecular nanomaterials.However,it still has lacked a rapid and efficient approach to the facile synt...Dendronized polymers(DenPols)with tunable shape and surface property have been recognized as a type of promising unimolecular nanomaterials.However,it still has lacked a rapid and efficient approach to the facile synthesis of DenPols with high-generation and well-defined structures.Herein,we report a“m+n”grafting-onto strategy combined with the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition(CuAAC)reaction with reaction-enhanced reactivity of intermediates(RERI)mechanism for synthesizing DenPols G_(m+n) by attaching n-generation dendrons(G_(n))onto the m-generation DenPols G_(m).In this“m+n”grafting-onto strategy,the DenPols G_(m)(m=1,2)bearing 1,3-triazido branches on the repeating unit were capable of RERI effect that guaranteed the CuAAC reaction in an extremely efficient way with ultrafast kinetics to synthesize third-,fourth-and fifth-generation DenPols(G_(1+2),G_(1+3),G_(1+4),G_(2+2),and G_(2+3))with near quantitative grafting density and narrow distribution.Moreover,these resultant DenPols G_(m+n) had more terminal groups per repeating unit due to the three branches of 1,3-triazido structure,exhibiting valuable potential opportunities for molecular surface engineering.The development of this“m+n”grafting-onto strategy with RERI mechanism not only presents a new avenue for ultrafast preparing DenPols but also holds great promise for preparing unimolecular materials with more functional terminal groups.展开更多
Bearing unique redox nature and high oxygen storage capacity,ceria(CeO_(2))has always been a promising CO oxidation catalyst support for gold(Au)catalysts and the like.Herein,a series of Au-CeO_(2)-P(P stands for pH v...Bearing unique redox nature and high oxygen storage capacity,ceria(CeO_(2))has always been a promising CO oxidation catalyst support for gold(Au)catalysts and the like.Herein,a series of Au-CeO_(2)-P(P stands for pH value)samples was prepared by a co-precipitation method with the assistance of an alkaline environment and amino groups functionalized ordered mesoporous polymer(OMP-NH_(2)).Afterward,all samples described above were characterized that the Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts are made of Au-Ce-O solid solution and Au nanoparticles(NPs)supported on CeO_(2).It turns out that OMP-NH_(2) is not just a simple sacrificial template for mesoporous structure,but also plays an important role as an amino source,explaining the presence of rich oxygen vacancies.Due to the concentration of oxygen vacancies in Au-Ce-O solid solution is the key factor for the oxygen mobility of CO oxidation,the catalytic results also demonstrate that the catalytic activity of Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts is related to the concentration of their oxygen vacancies.Moreover,Au-CeO_(2)-9.6 with a highest concentration of oxygen vacancies(as high as 13.98%)in Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts exhibits the best catalytic activity(complete conversion at 10℃).展开更多
Magnetically responsive hierarchical magnetite/silica/poly（ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine） （Fe3O4/SiO2/P（EGDMA-co-VPy）） tri-layer microspheres were used as stabilizers for gold metallic nanoeol...Magnetically responsive hierarchical magnetite/silica/poly（ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine） （Fe3O4/SiO2/P（EGDMA-co-VPy）） tri-layer microspheres were used as stabilizers for gold metallic nanoeolloids as a facilely recoverable catalyst with the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol as a model reaction. The magnetic microsphere stabilized gold metallic nanocolloids were prepared by in situ reduction of gold chloride trihydrate with borohydride as reductant via the stabilization effect of the pyridyl groups to gold nanoparticles on the surface of the outer shell-layer of the inorganic/polymer tri-layer microspheres.展开更多
Polypropylene synthetic paper releasing anion was prepared from polypropylene resin, anion additives, titanium dioxide, etc., by calendar forming method. The synthetic paper was tested by anion detector, SEM, AFM, etc...Polypropylene synthetic paper releasing anion was prepared from polypropylene resin, anion additives, titanium dioxide, etc., by calendar forming method. The synthetic paper was tested by anion detector, SEM, AFM, etc. Tensile strength, elongation at break, fight angle tear strength of the polypropylene synthetic paper reached the GB 13022 or QB/T1130 Standard. The synthetic paper was water and oil resistance, and released anions 10,530 cm^-3. It was environment-friendly, and a kind of good material for human＇s health.展开更多
Acrylamide polymerization initiated with a redox initiation system consisting of eerie ion and ethyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamyl acetate (EDCA) has been studied. It was found that the polymerization rate equation is in ...Acrylamide polymerization initiated with a redox initiation system consisting of eerie ion and ethyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamyl acetate (EDCA) has been studied. It was found that the polymerization rate equation is in good agreement with that of a redox initiated polymerization, and the overall activation energy of the polymerization was determined to be 25.2 kJ.mol(-1). Accordingly, the system belongs to a redox initiator. The initiation mechanism was proposed based on the end group analysis using FT-IR, UV spectroscopies. Analysis results revealed that the N, N-diethyldithiocarbamyl radical produced from the redox reaction of EDCA with eerie ion can initiate acrylonitrile (AN) polymerization and form the end group on PAN. The resulting PAN was photopolymerized with butyl acrylate (BE) to form PAN-b-PBA block copolymer.展开更多
We demonstrate a straightforward and efficient method for the creation of polymer brushes on hydrogen-terminated silicon substrates through the UV-induced photopoiymerization. The surface grafting polymerization is ap...We demonstrate a straightforward and efficient method for the creation of polymer brushes on hydrogen-terminated silicon substrates through the UV-induced photopoiymerization. The surface grafting polymerization is applicable to a series of monomers, allowing the direct formation of homogeneous polymer coatings ranging from hydrophilic poly（2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline） （PIPOx）, amphiphilic poly（N-isopropyl acrylamide） （PNIPAM）, to hydrophobic polystyrene （PS） and poly（4- （1H,1H,2H,2H-perfiuorohexyl）oxymethylstyrene） （PPHMS） on Si（100） and Si（lll） surfaces via stable Si--C bonds. Polymerization kinetic investigation indicates a linear increase of polymer layer thickness with the polymerization time. Moreover, the as-prepared polymer brushes exhibit superior stability against basic conditions in contrast to those that were formed on silicon substrates via conventional Si--O--C bond.展开更多
In order to improve the functional affinity of the humanized VH single domain antibody against human lung cancer, the genes coding the homogenous dimers dihu3D3Vn and tetramers tehu3D3VH were constructed by fusing the...In order to improve the functional affinity of the humanized VH single domain antibody against human lung cancer, the genes coding the homogenous dimers dihu3D3Vn and tetramers tehu3D3VH were constructed by fusing the SV5-Cys short peptide and p53 tetramefization structural domain gene to hu3D3VH gene via recombinant PCR technique, respectively. Then, the dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH genes were cloned to the prokaryotic expression vector pET-22b（ ＋ ） and expressed in E. coli BL21 （DE3）. The proteins expressed were purified through Ni^2＋ -affinity chromatographic column. Meanwhile, the hu3D3VH, dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH proteins were labeled with FTTC, and their reactivity with antigen and specificity were analyzed by immunofluorescence assay. As to their functional affinities, it was analyzed and compared by flow cytometry. The results indicated that these two genes were expressed as monomers and mainly as inclusion bodies. After purification and renaturation, there were about 50% of dimers and 70% of tetramer remaining in the protein solution. In addition, the dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH proteins still remained the reactivity with antigen and specificity of hu3D3VH protein, and their functional affinities were increased about 60% or 100% respectively, compared with those of hu3D3VH protein. It is evident that the functional affinity of hu3D3VH protein can be greatly improved by increasing its binding valency.展开更多
文摘This special topic of Science China Technological Sciences is dedicated to presenting a collection of work that highlights the significant progress made by Chinese scholars at the interdisciplinary frontier of biomedical polymer materials,life sciences,medicine,and cutting-edge technology.Comprising nine contributions,including reviews,articles,and a perspective,this topic aims to showcase the innovative design and broad application of functional polymers in addressing key biomedical challenges from multiple dimensions.
基金financially supported by the Major Scientific and Technological Infrastructure Cultivation Projects of Jiangsu Province,Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32301189)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos.BK20220824,BK20222002)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(Grant No.2025ZB578)。
文摘Oxygen is essential for sustaining life,maintaining physiological homeostasis,and supporting a wide range of therapeutic applications.Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers(HBOCs)have long been explored as potential substitutes for red blood cells(RBCs)due to their inherent oxygen transport capability.However,their clinical translation has been constrained by issues such as vasoactivity,oxidative stress-induced toxicity,and short circulation half-life.Recent advances in functional polymer science have provided new opportunities to overcome these barriers,with strategies including hemoglobin-polymer conjugation and encapsulation enabling the development of HBOCs with improved safety and efficacy.This review summarizes recent progress in the use of functional polymers for HBOC development,outlines key methods for performance evaluation,and discusses their current status and future prospects in diverse biomedical contexts,including blood substitution,ischemia-reperfusion injury and ischemic stroke therapy,tissue engineering,and cancer treatment.
基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Z240029)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22472004)+2 种基金China National Petroleum Corporation-Peking University Strategic Cooperation Project of Fundamental Researchthe New Cornerstone Science Foundationsupport from the Tencent Foundation through the Xplorer Prize.
文摘Polyvinyl chloride(PVC)is one of the most widely used plastic materials worldwide,particularly in long-life applications such as construction materials.However,recycling options for PVC waste remain limited,as conventional methods often degrade material quality or generate environmentally hazardous byproducts.In this study,we demonstrate an efficient process to convert PVC into new polymers with variable aromatic groups,using triethylsilane as the reductant in different solvents.This approach enables the production of polymers analogous to functionalized polyethylene(PE),which are typically challenging to obtain through conventional copolymerization or direct post-modification of C-H bonds in PE.The resulting polymers exhibit tunable thermal and mechanical properties depending on the introduced aromatic groups,which not only enhance the sustainable valorization of PVC waste,but also provide an opportunity for the synthesis of new functionalized polymers.
基金the financial support of the US National Institutes of Health(NIDCR DE015384,DE017689,DE022327)DOD(W81XWH-12-2-0008)+1 种基金the National Science Foundation of the United States(DMR-1206575)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21304073)
文摘Scaffolds play a crucial role in tissue engineering. Biodegradable polymers with great processing flexibility are the predominant scaffolding materials. Synthetic biodegradable polymers with well-defined structure and without immunological concerns associated with naturally derived polymers are widely used in tissue engineering. The synthetic biodegradable polymers that are widely used in tissue engineering, including polyesters, polyanhydrides, polyphosphazenes, polyurethane, and poly(glycerol sebacate) are summarized in this article. New developments in conducting polymers, photoresponsive polymers, amino-acid-based polymers, enzymatically degradable polymers, and peptide-activated polymers are also discussed. In addition to chemical functionalization, the scaffold designs that mimic the nano and micro features of the extracellular matrix(ECM) are presented as well, and composite and nanocomposite scaffolds are also reviewed.
文摘The use of living, alkyllithium-initiated anionic polymerization to prepare chain-end functionalized polymers and heteroarm, star-branched polymers is discussed. The scope and limitations of specific termination reactions with a variety of electrophilic species are illustrated for carbonation, hydroxyethylation, amination, and sulfonation. The methodology of using substituted 1,1-diphenylethylenes to provide a general, quantitative functionalization procedure is outlined and illustrated with examples of amine and phenol end-functionalization. A methodology is described for the synthesis of functionalized, star-branched copolymers with compositionally heterogeneous arms of controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution using 1, 3-bis(1-pbenylethenyl) benzene.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program)(Grant No.52474071)the financial support from the China Scholarship Council(TM.Lei,No.202406450004)。
文摘In response to the challenges of sand production and high water cut during the exploitation of oil reservoirs in unconsolidated sandstones,a novel sand-water dual-control functional polymer,PDSM,was synthesized using acrylamide(AM),methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(DMC),and styrene monomer(SM)as raw materials.The chemical structure and thermal stability of PDSM were verified by1H-NMR,FT-IR,and TGA analyses.To evaluate its performance,functional polymers PDM and PSM,containing only DMC or SM,respectively,were used as control groups.The study systematically investigated the static adsorption,sand production,sand leakage time,standard water-oil resistance ratio,and water cut reduction performance of PDSM.The results demonstrated that,due to the synergistic effect of functional monomers DMC and SM,PDSM exhibited superior dual-control over sand and water compared to PDM and PSM.PDSM enhanced wettability properties reduce the contact angle of the water phase on oil-wet rock surfaces to 64.0°,facilitating better adsorption of polymer molecules on the rock surface and achieving a static adsorption capacity of 14.6 mg/g.PDSM effectively bridges/bundles sand grains through SM and DMC,increasing resistance to fluid erosion.At a flow rate of 100 mL/min,sand production was only 0.026 g/L,surpassing the"Q/SH 10202377-2020"standard for sand inhibitors,which defines"excellent"performance as having a sand production rate of≤0.05 g/L.PDSM forms an adsorption layer(polymer concentrated layer)on the rock surface,expanding when in contact with water and shrinking when in contact with oil,thereby significantly reducing the permeability of the water layer without affecting the permeability of the oil layer.The standard water-oil resistance ratio was measured at 5.41,and the watercut of produced fluid was reduced by 18.6%.These findings provide new theoretical insights and technical guidance for developing dual-function sand-water control agents.
文摘The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been at its worst and the world is fighting to help global public health. In this aspect the role played by polymers and polymeric materials including plastics as the main material in medical devices, personal protective equipment for health care workers is huge. Advantages like mass production, lower cost and possibilities for sterilization and disinfection of the plastic materials make them an inevitable material in healthcare sector. Apart from plastics, anti-viral and anti-microbial coatings, polymeric nanocomposites and functional polymers have been introduced as a helping tool against COVID-19. This review focuses on the application of polymers, and polymeric materials in COVID-19 pandemic. Usage of plastics and its applications in healthcare and related sectors have been reviewed. The major challenges faced and future prospects on the usage of polymers have also been discussed.
基金Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51532002 and 51872027)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L172023)National Basic Research Program of China(2016YFA0202500,2017YFE0113500,and 2018YFB0104300)。
文摘Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery as a high-energy density electrochemical energy storage system has attracted many researchers’attention.However,the shuttle effect of Li–S batteries and the challenges associated with lithium metal anode caused poor cycle performance.In this work,the organosulfide poly(sulfur-1,3-diisopropenylbenzene)(PSD)was prepared as cathode material and additive of P(VDFHFP)polymer electrolyte(P(VDF-HFP)).It was verified that P(VDF-HFP)polymer electrolyte with 10%PSD(P(VDF-HFP)-10%PSD)showed a higher ionic conductivities than that of liquid electrolyte up to2.27×10-3 S cm-1 at room temperature.The quasi-solid-state Li-S batteries fabricated with organosulfide cathode material PSD and P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte delivered good cycling stability(780 m Ah g-1 after 200 th cycle at 0.1 C)and rate performance(613 m Ah g-1 at 1 C).The good cycling performance could be attributed to the synergistic effect of components,including the interaction between polysulfides and polymer main chain in the organosulfide cathode,the sustained organic/inorganic hybrid stable SEI layer formed by polymer electrolyte additive PSD,the improved cathode/electrolyte interface and the good affinity between P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte and Li metal surface.This strategy herein may provide a new route to fabricate high-performance Li–S batteries through the organosulfide cathode and functional polymer electrolyte.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51922071,51773139).
文摘Functional polymer composites(FPCs)have attracted increasing attention in recent decades due to their great potential in delivering a wide range of functionalities.These functionalities are largely determined by functional fillers and their network morphology in polymer matrix.In recent years,a large number of studies on morphology control and interfacial modification have been reported,where numerous preparation methods and exciting performance of FPCs have been reported.Despite the fact that these FPCs have many similarities because they are all consisting of functional inorganic fillers and polymer matrices,review on the overall progress of FPCs is still missing,and especially the overall processing strategy for these composites is urgently needed.Herein,a"Toolbox"for the processing of FPCs is proposed to summarize and analyze the overall processing strategies and corresponding morphology evolution for FPCs.From this perspective,the morphological control methods already utilized for various FPCs are systematically reviewed,so that guidelines or even predictions on the processing strategies of various FPCs as well as multi-functional polymer composites could be given.This review should be able to provide interesting insights for the field of FPCs and boost future intelligent design of various FPCs.
基金sponsored by the Double First-Class Construction Funds of Sichuan University and National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC)financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC grants 51873126,51422305,and 51721091).
文摘Functionalization of polymer foams by surface coating is of great interest for advanced flow-interactive materials working with well-controlled 3D open channels.However,realizing heavy functional coating via a fast and recyclable way remains a big challenge.Here,inspired by the battery electrodes,we propose a scalable mechanic-assisted heavy coating strategy based on the design of sticky jammed fluid(SJF)to conquer the above challenge.Similar to the electrode slurry,the SJF is dominated by a high concentration of active material(≥20 wt%of active carbon,for instance)uniformly dispersed in a protein binder solution.Due to the sticky and solidrich nature of the SJF,one can realize a high coating efficiency of 60 wt%gain per coating.The critical factors controlling the coating processing and quality are further identified and discussed.Furthermore,the functionalized foam is demonstrated as a high-performance shape-customizable toxic gas remover,which can absorb formaldehyde very efficiently at different circumstances,including static adsorption,flow-based filtration,and source interception.Finally,the foam skeleton and the active materials are easily recycled by a facile solvent treatment.This study may inspire new scalable way for fast,heavy,and customizable functionalization of polymeric foams.
文摘Recently we have studied the rare earth ion-selective electrodes with active materials of the func-tional polymers and found that the process chosen for the functional polymers had an effect on the propertiesof gadolinium ion selective electrode besides the effects of their structures.1.Effect of preparation process of the grafted polymers on the properties ofgadolinium ion selective electrodesThe electrode membranes which consist of functional polymers as active materials were prepared by re-action of gadolinium chloride with the radiation grafted clmer of acrlic acid and polystyrene of which
文摘In this paper,the functional polymeric active materials were prepared by the grafting copolymerization and their structure and properties were studied.The results show that the structure and properties of these ac- tive materials have the relative large effects on the properties of gadolinium ion selective electrodes.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFA0915300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52233012,22405212 and22471219)the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21821001)。
文摘Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to be a powerful and versatile tool to modulate cell behavior.In this review,we summarized recent advances and future trends in the field of intracellular polymerization,specifically focusing on covalent and supramolecular polymerization.This discussion comprehensively covers the diverse chemical designs,reaction mechanisms,responsive features,and functional applications.Furthermore,we also clarified the connection between preliminary design of polymer synthesis and their subsequent biological applications.We hope this review will serve as an innovative platform for chemists and biologists to regulate biological functions in practical applications and clinical trials.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22071271,22371313)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2024A1515011133 and 2021A1515110853)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(23yxqntd002).
文摘Dendronized polymers(DenPols)with tunable shape and surface property have been recognized as a type of promising unimolecular nanomaterials.However,it still has lacked a rapid and efficient approach to the facile synthesis of DenPols with high-generation and well-defined structures.Herein,we report a“m+n”grafting-onto strategy combined with the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition(CuAAC)reaction with reaction-enhanced reactivity of intermediates(RERI)mechanism for synthesizing DenPols G_(m+n) by attaching n-generation dendrons(G_(n))onto the m-generation DenPols G_(m).In this“m+n”grafting-onto strategy,the DenPols G_(m)(m=1,2)bearing 1,3-triazido branches on the repeating unit were capable of RERI effect that guaranteed the CuAAC reaction in an extremely efficient way with ultrafast kinetics to synthesize third-,fourth-and fifth-generation DenPols(G_(1+2),G_(1+3),G_(1+4),G_(2+2),and G_(2+3))with near quantitative grafting density and narrow distribution.Moreover,these resultant DenPols G_(m+n) had more terminal groups per repeating unit due to the three branches of 1,3-triazido structure,exhibiting valuable potential opportunities for molecular surface engineering.The development of this“m+n”grafting-onto strategy with RERI mechanism not only presents a new avenue for ultrafast preparing DenPols but also holds great promise for preparing unimolecular materials with more functional terminal groups.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22002056,21663016,21961021)the Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis(20181BCD40004)the Research Project on Teaching Reform of Degree and Graduate Education of Jiangxi Province(JXYJG-2018-007)。
文摘Bearing unique redox nature and high oxygen storage capacity,ceria(CeO_(2))has always been a promising CO oxidation catalyst support for gold(Au)catalysts and the like.Herein,a series of Au-CeO_(2)-P(P stands for pH value)samples was prepared by a co-precipitation method with the assistance of an alkaline environment and amino groups functionalized ordered mesoporous polymer(OMP-NH_(2)).Afterward,all samples described above were characterized that the Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts are made of Au-Ce-O solid solution and Au nanoparticles(NPs)supported on CeO_(2).It turns out that OMP-NH_(2) is not just a simple sacrificial template for mesoporous structure,but also plays an important role as an amino source,explaining the presence of rich oxygen vacancies.Due to the concentration of oxygen vacancies in Au-Ce-O solid solution is the key factor for the oxygen mobility of CO oxidation,the catalytic results also demonstrate that the catalytic activity of Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts is related to the concentration of their oxygen vacancies.Moreover,Au-CeO_(2)-9.6 with a highest concentration of oxygen vacancies(as high as 13.98%)in Au-CeO_(2)-P catalysts exhibits the best catalytic activity(complete conversion at 10℃).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20874049)
文摘Magnetically responsive hierarchical magnetite/silica/poly（ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine） （Fe3O4/SiO2/P（EGDMA-co-VPy）） tri-layer microspheres were used as stabilizers for gold metallic nanoeolloids as a facilely recoverable catalyst with the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol as a model reaction. The magnetic microsphere stabilized gold metallic nanocolloids were prepared by in situ reduction of gold chloride trihydrate with borohydride as reductant via the stabilization effect of the pyridyl groups to gold nanoparticles on the surface of the outer shell-layer of the inorganic/polymer tri-layer microspheres.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20776122)Hebei Natural Science Foundation(No.B2006000191)China Chemical Textiles Supervision and Inspection Center for the testing of properties of the products.
文摘Polypropylene synthetic paper releasing anion was prepared from polypropylene resin, anion additives, titanium dioxide, etc., by calendar forming method. The synthetic paper was tested by anion detector, SEM, AFM, etc. Tensile strength, elongation at break, fight angle tear strength of the polypropylene synthetic paper reached the GB 13022 or QB/T1130 Standard. The synthetic paper was water and oil resistance, and released anions 10,530 cm^-3. It was environment-friendly, and a kind of good material for human＇s health.
基金The Project 29234093 was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Acrylamide polymerization initiated with a redox initiation system consisting of eerie ion and ethyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamyl acetate (EDCA) has been studied. It was found that the polymerization rate equation is in good agreement with that of a redox initiated polymerization, and the overall activation energy of the polymerization was determined to be 25.2 kJ.mol(-1). Accordingly, the system belongs to a redox initiator. The initiation mechanism was proposed based on the end group analysis using FT-IR, UV spectroscopies. Analysis results revealed that the N, N-diethyldithiocarbamyl radical produced from the redox reaction of EDCA with eerie ion can initiate acrylonitrile (AN) polymerization and form the end group on PAN. The resulting PAN was photopolymerized with butyl acrylate (BE) to form PAN-b-PBA block copolymer.
基金the support of Jilin Provincial Department of Education (No. 2014511)Department of Changchun Science and Technology(No. 14KP023)Department of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province(No. BK20151189)
文摘We demonstrate a straightforward and efficient method for the creation of polymer brushes on hydrogen-terminated silicon substrates through the UV-induced photopoiymerization. The surface grafting polymerization is applicable to a series of monomers, allowing the direct formation of homogeneous polymer coatings ranging from hydrophilic poly（2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline） （PIPOx）, amphiphilic poly（N-isopropyl acrylamide） （PNIPAM）, to hydrophobic polystyrene （PS） and poly（4- （1H,1H,2H,2H-perfiuorohexyl）oxymethylstyrene） （PPHMS） on Si（100） and Si（lll） surfaces via stable Si--C bonds. Polymerization kinetic investigation indicates a linear increase of polymer layer thickness with the polymerization time. Moreover, the as-prepared polymer brushes exhibit superior stability against basic conditions in contrast to those that were formed on silicon substrates via conventional Si--O--C bond.
文摘In order to improve the functional affinity of the humanized VH single domain antibody against human lung cancer, the genes coding the homogenous dimers dihu3D3Vn and tetramers tehu3D3VH were constructed by fusing the SV5-Cys short peptide and p53 tetramefization structural domain gene to hu3D3VH gene via recombinant PCR technique, respectively. Then, the dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH genes were cloned to the prokaryotic expression vector pET-22b（ ＋ ） and expressed in E. coli BL21 （DE3）. The proteins expressed were purified through Ni^2＋ -affinity chromatographic column. Meanwhile, the hu3D3VH, dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH proteins were labeled with FTTC, and their reactivity with antigen and specificity were analyzed by immunofluorescence assay. As to their functional affinities, it was analyzed and compared by flow cytometry. The results indicated that these two genes were expressed as monomers and mainly as inclusion bodies. After purification and renaturation, there were about 50% of dimers and 70% of tetramer remaining in the protein solution. In addition, the dihu3D3VH and tehu3D3VH proteins still remained the reactivity with antigen and specificity of hu3D3VH protein, and their functional affinities were increased about 60% or 100% respectively, compared with those of hu3D3VH protein. It is evident that the functional affinity of hu3D3VH protein can be greatly improved by increasing its binding valency.
