Micro-pore is a very common material defect. In the present paper, the temperature fields of medium carbon steel joints with and without micro-pore defect during linear friction welding （LFW） were investigated by us...Micro-pore is a very common material defect. In the present paper, the temperature fields of medium carbon steel joints with and without micro-pore defect during linear friction welding （LFW） were investigated by using finite element method. The effect of micro-pore defect on the axial shortening of joints during LFW was examined. The x- and y-direction displacements of micro-pore during the LFW process were also studied. In addition, the shape of micro-pore after LFW was observed. The heat conducted from the weld inteace to the specimen interior. The fluctuation range of the temperature curves for the joint with micro-pore is larger than that without micro-pore. Position of micro-pore changes with the change of the friction time. The circular shape of micro-pore becomes oval after welding.展开更多
During the process of finite element simulation of precision warm forging, the selection of friction models has a direct effect on the precision accuracy of finite element simulation results. Among all the factors whi...During the process of finite element simulation of precision warm forging, the selection of friction models has a direct effect on the precision accuracy of finite element simulation results. Among all the factors which influence the selection of friction models, the distribution rule of normal stress at the tool-workpiece interface is a key one. To find out the distribution rule of normal stress at the tool-workpiece interface, this paper has made a systematic research on three typical plastic deformation processes: forward extrusion, backward extrusion, and lateral extrusion by a method of finite element simulation. Then on the base of synthesizing and correcting traditional friction models, a new general friction model which is fit for warm extrusion is developed at last.展开更多
A simple interface element for analyzing contact friction problems is developed. Taking nodal displacements and contact stresses as unknowns, this element can simulate frictional slippage, decoupling and re-bonding of...A simple interface element for analyzing contact friction problems is developed. Taking nodal displacements and contact stresses as unknowns, this element can simulate frictional slippage, decoupling and re-bonding of two bodies initially mating or having gaps at a common interface. The method is based on the Finite Element Method and load incremental theory. The geometric and static constraint conditions on contact surfaces are treated as additional conditions and are included in stiffness equations. This simple element has the advantages of easy implementation into standard finite element programs and fast speed for convergence as well as high accuracy for stress distribution in interface. Undesirable stress oscillations are also investigated whenever large stress gradients exist over the contact surfaces. Exact integration or the conventional Gauss integration scheme used to evaluate the interpolation function matrix of the interface element is found to be the source of the oscillations. Eigenmode analysis demonstrates that the stress behavior of an interface element can be improved by using the Newton-Cotes integration scheme. Finally, the test example of a strip footing problem is presented.展开更多
The behavior of rare earth element Ce in 2090 Al Li alloys was studied by the method of low frequency internal friction.The results showed that rare earth element Ce can increase the activation energy of grain bounda...The behavior of rare earth element Ce in 2090 Al Li alloys was studied by the method of low frequency internal friction.The results showed that rare earth element Ce can increase the activation energy of grain boundary and improve the grain boundary strength of alloys.Rare earth element Ce can decrease the tendency of softening of elastic modulus of 2090 Al Li alloys after heat cycle and keep high elastic modulus of initial state.展开更多
The friction of road surface covered by snow or ice is very low and that results in reducing vehicle traction forces and potential traffic accidents. In general, to establish a master curve on a rubber-ice friction mo...The friction of road surface covered by snow or ice is very low and that results in reducing vehicle traction forces and potential traffic accidents. In general, to establish a master curve on a rubber-ice friction model is difficult because the ice surface, being not far removed from its melting point, reacts itself very sen-sitively to pressure, speed, and temperature changes. In this paper, an accepta-ble frictional interaction model was implemented to finite element method to rationally examine the frictional interaction behavior on ice between the tire and the road surface. The formula of friction characteristic according to tem-perature and sliding velocity on the ice surface was applied for tire traction analysis. Numerical results were verified by comparing the outdoor test data and it was confirmed to indicate similar correlation. It is found that the rub-ber-ice friction model will be useful for the improvement of the ice traction performance of tire.展开更多
The boundary element method in framework is given to evaluate three dimensional frictional contact problems. Elasto plastic material behavior is taken into account by mean of an initial stress formulation and Von Mis...The boundary element method in framework is given to evaluate three dimensional frictional contact problems. Elasto plastic material behavior is taken into account by mean of an initial stress formulation and Von Mises yield criterion. The amount of tangential traction at contact surface is limited by Coulomb's friction law and constant shear rule. From some numerical results of a plate rolling problem, it is demonstrated here that the BEM can be used to efficiently and accurately analyze this class of forming problems.展开更多
The formulation of boundary element method for handling contact problems with friction and the technique for high speed contact analysis are presented. This formulation is based on the idea of modifying the length of...The formulation of boundary element method for handling contact problems with friction and the technique for high speed contact analysis are presented. This formulation is based on the idea of modifying the length of contact elements without altering the total number of elements. The high precision of solution and high speed analysis are verified according to the results of conventional method and analysis method.展开更多
The reaction of earth to pull-out process of frictional rock bolts was here modeled by the distinct element method (DEM). Ten frictional bolts were prepared;the expanding shells of five bolts included convex edges and...The reaction of earth to pull-out process of frictional rock bolts was here modeled by the distinct element method (DEM). Ten frictional bolts were prepared;the expanding shells of five bolts included convex edges and the others had the shells with concave bits. The strength of bolts was measured by applying a standard pull-out test;the results confirmed that the strength of shells with convex edges was remarkably more than the strength of other shells. Furthermore, a two-dimensional DEM model of the test was developed by a particle flow code;the obtained results showed that the reaction of rock particles to the contacts occurring between the convex edges and earth was considerably more than those of the concave bits. In the other words, the convex edges transferred the pull-out force into a large area of the surrounded rock, causing these bolts to have the highest resistance against earth movements.展开更多
A 2D time domain boundary element method(BEM)is developed to solve the transient scattering of plane waves by a unilaterally frictionally constrained inclusion.Coulomb friction is assumed along the contact interface.T...A 2D time domain boundary element method(BEM)is developed to solve the transient scattering of plane waves by a unilaterally frictionally constrained inclusion.Coulomb friction is assumed along the contact interface.The incident wave is assumed strong enough so that localized slip and separation take place along the interface.The present problem is in effect a nonlinear boundary value problem since the mixed boundary conditions involve unknown intervals (slip,separation and stick regions).In order to determine the unknown intervals,an iterative technique is developed.As an example,we consider the scattering of a circular cylinder embedded in an infinite solid.展开更多
To improve the accuracy and speed of finite element calculation,a new friction model was proposed,in which a layer of thin friction element between the roller and workpiece was introduced to consider the contact frict...To improve the accuracy and speed of finite element calculation,a new friction model was proposed,in which a layer of thin friction element between the roller and workpiece was introduced to consider the contact friction.This model was used in the three-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element model of strip rolling process.Taking the geometrical size and physical characteristics of intermediate medium between roller and workpiece into consideration,the stiffness of the friction element was corrected by two factors,i.e.,the thickness of friction element and β factor.Without any assumption about the value and direction of friction force and neutral point position,the rolling process was simulated by using this model.The results obtained by this model were compared with the experimental results and the feasibility of the model was verified.展开更多
The post-tensioned(PT)energy-dissipating connection for steel frames has drawn the attention of many researchers for its good seismic performance.Friction mechanisms,such as friction damped PT steel connections,are th...The post-tensioned(PT)energy-dissipating connection for steel frames has drawn the attention of many researchers for its good seismic performance.Friction mechanisms,such as friction damped PT steel connections,are the approaches typically used to improve energy-dissipating capacity.The mechanical behavior of PT connections has been extensively investigated.The seismic performance of PT frames should be optimized by employing a suitable design of a friction device.In this study,the influence of f_(max)on the seismic behavior of a PT frame is investigated.The_(max)static frictional force f_(max)is optimized based on a genetic algorithm(GA).Results indicate that the reasonable distribution of f_(max)can evidently improve seismic performance.Consequently,the GA method can be effectively utilized for seeking the optimal combination of f_(max)if the simplified finite element model is adopted.Results derived will provide a foundation for analysis and design of PT frame structures.展开更多
基金The authors would like to appreeiate the National Natural Science Foundation of China （51005180）, the Fok Ying-Tong Educalion Fuundalion for Young Teachers in the Higher Education Institutions of China （131052） , the Fundamental Research Fund of NPU（JC201233） , and the 111 Project of China （B08040）.
文摘Micro-pore is a very common material defect. In the present paper, the temperature fields of medium carbon steel joints with and without micro-pore defect during linear friction welding （LFW） were investigated by using finite element method. The effect of micro-pore defect on the axial shortening of joints during LFW was examined. The x- and y-direction displacements of micro-pore during the LFW process were also studied. In addition, the shape of micro-pore after LFW was observed. The heat conducted from the weld inteace to the specimen interior. The fluctuation range of the temperature curves for the joint with micro-pore is larger than that without micro-pore. Position of micro-pore changes with the change of the friction time. The circular shape of micro-pore becomes oval after welding.
文摘During the process of finite element simulation of precision warm forging, the selection of friction models has a direct effect on the precision accuracy of finite element simulation results. Among all the factors which influence the selection of friction models, the distribution rule of normal stress at the tool-workpiece interface is a key one. To find out the distribution rule of normal stress at the tool-workpiece interface, this paper has made a systematic research on three typical plastic deformation processes: forward extrusion, backward extrusion, and lateral extrusion by a method of finite element simulation. Then on the base of synthesizing and correcting traditional friction models, a new general friction model which is fit for warm extrusion is developed at last.
文摘A simple interface element for analyzing contact friction problems is developed. Taking nodal displacements and contact stresses as unknowns, this element can simulate frictional slippage, decoupling and re-bonding of two bodies initially mating or having gaps at a common interface. The method is based on the Finite Element Method and load incremental theory. The geometric and static constraint conditions on contact surfaces are treated as additional conditions and are included in stiffness equations. This simple element has the advantages of easy implementation into standard finite element programs and fast speed for convergence as well as high accuracy for stress distribution in interface. Undesirable stress oscillations are also investigated whenever large stress gradients exist over the contact surfaces. Exact integration or the conventional Gauss integration scheme used to evaluate the interpolation function matrix of the interface element is found to be the source of the oscillations. Eigenmode analysis demonstrates that the stress behavior of an interface element can be improved by using the Newton-Cotes integration scheme. Finally, the test example of a strip footing problem is presented.
文摘The behavior of rare earth element Ce in 2090 Al Li alloys was studied by the method of low frequency internal friction.The results showed that rare earth element Ce can increase the activation energy of grain boundary and improve the grain boundary strength of alloys.Rare earth element Ce can decrease the tendency of softening of elastic modulus of 2090 Al Li alloys after heat cycle and keep high elastic modulus of initial state.
文摘The friction of road surface covered by snow or ice is very low and that results in reducing vehicle traction forces and potential traffic accidents. In general, to establish a master curve on a rubber-ice friction model is difficult because the ice surface, being not far removed from its melting point, reacts itself very sen-sitively to pressure, speed, and temperature changes. In this paper, an accepta-ble frictional interaction model was implemented to finite element method to rationally examine the frictional interaction behavior on ice between the tire and the road surface. The formula of friction characteristic according to tem-perature and sliding velocity on the ice surface was applied for tire traction analysis. Numerical results were verified by comparing the outdoor test data and it was confirmed to indicate similar correlation. It is found that the rub-ber-ice friction model will be useful for the improvement of the ice traction performance of tire.
文摘The boundary element method in framework is given to evaluate three dimensional frictional contact problems. Elasto plastic material behavior is taken into account by mean of an initial stress formulation and Von Mises yield criterion. The amount of tangential traction at contact surface is limited by Coulomb's friction law and constant shear rule. From some numerical results of a plate rolling problem, it is demonstrated here that the BEM can be used to efficiently and accurately analyze this class of forming problems.
文摘The formulation of boundary element method for handling contact problems with friction and the technique for high speed contact analysis are presented. This formulation is based on the idea of modifying the length of contact elements without altering the total number of elements. The high precision of solution and high speed analysis are verified according to the results of conventional method and analysis method.
文摘The reaction of earth to pull-out process of frictional rock bolts was here modeled by the distinct element method (DEM). Ten frictional bolts were prepared;the expanding shells of five bolts included convex edges and the others had the shells with concave bits. The strength of bolts was measured by applying a standard pull-out test;the results confirmed that the strength of shells with convex edges was remarkably more than the strength of other shells. Furthermore, a two-dimensional DEM model of the test was developed by a particle flow code;the obtained results showed that the reaction of rock particles to the contacts occurring between the convex edges and earth was considerably more than those of the concave bits. In the other words, the convex edges transferred the pull-out force into a large area of the surrounded rock, causing these bolts to have the highest resistance against earth movements.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.19872001 and 59878004)the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.10025211).
文摘A 2D time domain boundary element method(BEM)is developed to solve the transient scattering of plane waves by a unilaterally frictionally constrained inclusion.Coulomb friction is assumed along the contact interface.The incident wave is assumed strong enough so that localized slip and separation take place along the interface.The present problem is in effect a nonlinear boundary value problem since the mixed boundary conditions involve unknown intervals (slip,separation and stick regions).In order to determine the unknown intervals,an iterative technique is developed.As an example,we consider the scattering of a circular cylinder embedded in an infinite solid.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50534020)National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China(2007BAF02B12)
文摘To improve the accuracy and speed of finite element calculation,a new friction model was proposed,in which a layer of thin friction element between the roller and workpiece was introduced to consider the contact friction.This model was used in the three-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element model of strip rolling process.Taking the geometrical size and physical characteristics of intermediate medium between roller and workpiece into consideration,the stiffness of the friction element was corrected by two factors,i.e.,the thickness of friction element and β factor.Without any assumption about the value and direction of friction force and neutral point position,the rolling process was simulated by using this model.The results obtained by this model were compared with the experimental results and the feasibility of the model was verified.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning under Grant No.20180540144the State Key Research Development Program of China under Grant Nos.2016YFC0801404 and 2016YFC0600704。
文摘The post-tensioned(PT)energy-dissipating connection for steel frames has drawn the attention of many researchers for its good seismic performance.Friction mechanisms,such as friction damped PT steel connections,are the approaches typically used to improve energy-dissipating capacity.The mechanical behavior of PT connections has been extensively investigated.The seismic performance of PT frames should be optimized by employing a suitable design of a friction device.In this study,the influence of f_(max)on the seismic behavior of a PT frame is investigated.The_(max)static frictional force f_(max)is optimized based on a genetic algorithm(GA).Results indicate that the reasonable distribution of f_(max)can evidently improve seismic performance.Consequently,the GA method can be effectively utilized for seeking the optimal combination of f_(max)if the simplified finite element model is adopted.Results derived will provide a foundation for analysis and design of PT frame structures.
