Objective To evaluate the anti-arthritic efficacy of sarsasapogenin(SG)alone and in combination with the corticosteroid fluticasone(FC)in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis(RA),which was induced by complete Freund’s...Objective To evaluate the anti-arthritic efficacy of sarsasapogenin(SG)alone and in combination with the corticosteroid fluticasone(FC)in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis(RA),which was induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant(CFA).Methods Network pharmacology analysis was conducted to identify the potential molecular targets and signaling pathways of SG in RA.Targets were identified with multiple databases,including SwissTargetPrediction,GeneCards,DisGeNET,and Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING),and pathway enrichment analysis was performed using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)and Gene Ontology(GO)databases.Molecular docking was performed to validate the binding affinity of key SG constituents with the predicted hub targets.Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control(NC),CFA,SG,FC,and SG+FC groups(n=6 per group).RA was induced in all groups except NC group by a single intradermal injection of CFA(0.1 mL)into the left hind paw on day 1.After successfully induction of RA(day 12),treatments were administered intradermally from day 12 to 28 as follows:SG(50μg/rat,40μL per paw),FC(50μg/rat,40μL per paw),or a combination of SG and FC(25μg/rat each,total 40μL per paw).Therapeutic outcomes were evaluated via the paw volume,joint diameter,arthritis scores,hematological and biochemical indicators,oxidative stress markers,inflammatory cytokines,and histopathological assessments of rats’ankle joint.The gene expression analysis was performed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Acute toxicity,body weight,and immune organ indices(spleen and thymus)were also monitored to assess the potential mitigation of SG of corticosteroid-induced adverse effects.Results Network pharmacology analysis revealed 138 potential SG-associated targets,involving 10 key hub genes.KEGG enrichment indicated the participation of pathways involving phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1(PIK3R1),estrogen receptor 1(ESR1),E1A binding protein P300(EP300),mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4(CXCR4),signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),and tolllike receptor 4(TLR4).GO enrichment analysis also revealed significant involvement of inflammatory and immune-related biological processes.Molecular docking confirmed strong binding interactions between major SG constituents and the identified hub targets.SG and SG+FC groups preserved body weight,and normalized spleen and thymus indices compared with FC group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),suggesting the mitigation of corticosteroid-induced adverse effects.SG and SG+FC groups significantly reduced paw volume,ankle diameter,and arthritis scores compared with CFA group(P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001).These treatments also significantly normalized hematological indicators[red blood cells(RBC),white blood cells(WBC),hemoglobin(Hb),and platelets(PLT)]and biochemical indicators[aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)](P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001).Serum proinflammatory cytokine levels[tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-6,IL-12,and thromboxane B2(TXB2)]were markedly decreased,accompanied by restored antioxidant defenses[superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione(GSH)]and reduced oxidative stress markers[malondialdehyde(MDA)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)](P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001).The qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated favorable downregulation of STAT3,mTOR,and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells(NF-κB)expression levels in joint tissues in all treatment groups compared with CFA group(P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001).Histopathological findings corroborated these effects,indicating reduced inflammatory infiltration and preservation of joint architecture.Conclusion SG exerts protective effects against RA by modulating key inflammatory and immune pathways.The combined application of SG with FC enhances the therapeutic outcomes,while potentially reducing the corticosteroid-related adverse effects.These findings support SG as a promising adjunctive therapy in RA management,offering favorable efficacy and safety alongside conventional corticosteroid treatment.展开更多
Advances of studies on the acupuncture and pain signal transduction mechanisms in complete Freud＇s adjuvant arthritis are reviewed from the three aspects, the first messenger of modulating pain signals and the relate...Advances of studies on the acupuncture and pain signal transduction mechanisms in complete Freud＇s adjuvant arthritis are reviewed from the three aspects, the first messenger of modulating pain signals and the related receptors, the second messenger of modulating pain signals and other factors possibly involved in modulation of pain signal transduction, etc. It is held that modulation of acupuncture for pain signals is a comprehensive course involved in multi-channels, multi-levels, multi-links, and in future, acupuncture analgesic mechanisms for Freud＇s adjuvant arthritis will be more deeply studied by use of more new techniques and new methods.展开更多
Pain is a global problem and has been found sensitive to acupuncture. A large number of existing and newly published studies have demonstrated the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture(EA) in complete Freund's ad...Pain is a global problem and has been found sensitive to acupuncture. A large number of existing and newly published studies have demonstrated the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture(EA) in complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA) rat model, necessitating a new and comprehensive review. To evaluate the curative effect of EA on thermal hyperalgesia in CFA rats, and to explore parameters that influence treatment effects, studies of EA treatment on thermal hyperalgesia of CFA rat model were identified from nine databases up to June 17, 2017. Outcome measure was heat pain threshold. All the data were analyzed using Stata 14.0/MP software. 26 studies identified included 801 rats. The quality score of the studies ranged from 3 to 6, with a mean of 4.08. The effect of EA group was improvement in outcome compared with CFA group. In subgroup analyses, frequency 2, 100, 2/100 or 20-100 Hz. acupoint Huántiào(环跳GB30),Kūnlún(昆仑 BL60) +Xuánzhōng(悬钟 GB39), Zúsānlī(足三里 ST36) +BL60 or ST36+Sānyīnjiāo(三阴交SP6), retention time 20 or 30 min, treatment time for post-CFA injection immediately, the same day as CFA injection, post-CFA injection 24 or 48 h and interval 24 or 48 h all can improve the effect on CFA rat heat pain threshold. These results show that there is positive effective of EA in CFA-induced pain,different parameters have different effects on EA treatment of CFA heat hyperalgesia, however, because of the number of eligible researches and the high risk of bias, the evidence supporting this conclusion is limited.展开更多
Therapeutic efficacy of QS （quinapyramine sulphate） and FCA （Freund＇s complete adjuvant） combination was studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of QS using FCA in Trypanosorna congolen...Therapeutic efficacy of QS （quinapyramine sulphate） and FCA （Freund＇s complete adjuvant） combination was studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of QS using FCA in Trypanosorna congolense infection. GrouPs treated with QS and FCA had parasite disappeared in peripheral circulation 2 days pi, relapse was observed one week later. Effect of treatment on rectal temperature shows no significance （p 〈 0.05）, normalization of rectal temperature occurred in QS and FCA treated groups （34.1℃） than untreated （42.8 ℃）, QS （37.4 ℃） and FCA （35.92 ℃） treated groups. Mean body weight was significant （p 〈 0.001） in QS and FCA, QS, and FCA groups. Packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration for untreated groups were lower, but increased in QS, FCA, QS and FCA treated groups, indicating anemia amelioration. White blood cell counted in untreated, QS and FCA treated groups showed no significance （p 〈 0.05）, however, there was leukocytosis due to lymphocytosis in QS and FCA treated group （6.79 × 10^3/μl） compared with untreated and other groups. There was comparative decrease in serum liver enzymes in QS and FCA treated group than other groups. Therefore, QS at lower recommended dose with FCA may enhance efficacy of QS in trypanosomiasis.展开更多
目的建立实验室条件下佐剂性关节炎模型的最佳剂量条件.方法取佐剂卡介苗在相应条件下制成Freund's佐剂,按不同剂量给Wista大白鼠进行足跖内皮注射,观察记录24 d.结果及结论0.1 mL Freund's佐剂组在实验室条件下,关节炎模型反...目的建立实验室条件下佐剂性关节炎模型的最佳剂量条件.方法取佐剂卡介苗在相应条件下制成Freund's佐剂,按不同剂量给Wista大白鼠进行足跖内皮注射,观察记录24 d.结果及结论0.1 mL Freund's佐剂组在实验室条件下,关节炎模型反应较典型.展开更多
[Objective] To investigate the prevention and control effect of polysaccharide from the rhizomorph of Armillaria mellea by distilled water elution （AMP-1） on diabetic cataract in rats.[Methods] Streptozotocin （STZ...[Objective] To investigate the prevention and control effect of polysaccharide from the rhizomorph of Armillaria mellea by distilled water elution （AMP-1） on diabetic cataract in rats.[Methods] Streptozotocin （STZ）,combined with freund＇s adjuvant （CFA）,was used to induce diabetic cataract in rat,to observe the onset of lenticular turbidity by slit lamp and compare the turbid degree of eyes lens among different groups.The super oxide dismutase （SOD）,glutathione peroxidase （GSH-px） and malondialdehyde （MDA） in serum and eyes lens were measured by colorimetric method.[Results] The slit lamp examination results showed that AMP-1 obviously delayed the onset of diabetic cataract and reduced turbid degree of eyes lens.Compared with model group,AMP-1 at various doses should significantly reduce the level of MDA ascended in serum of rats.Medium-and high-dose groups could increase the levels of SOD and GSH-Px in serum,and the dose of AMP-1 was closely related to the effect.[Conclusion] AMP-1 played a prominent role in prevention and treatment of diabetic cataract in rats.展开更多
文摘Objective To evaluate the anti-arthritic efficacy of sarsasapogenin(SG)alone and in combination with the corticosteroid fluticasone(FC)in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis(RA),which was induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant(CFA).Methods Network pharmacology analysis was conducted to identify the potential molecular targets and signaling pathways of SG in RA.Targets were identified with multiple databases,including SwissTargetPrediction,GeneCards,DisGeNET,and Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING),and pathway enrichment analysis was performed using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)and Gene Ontology(GO)databases.Molecular docking was performed to validate the binding affinity of key SG constituents with the predicted hub targets.Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control(NC),CFA,SG,FC,and SG+FC groups(n=6 per group).RA was induced in all groups except NC group by a single intradermal injection of CFA(0.1 mL)into the left hind paw on day 1.After successfully induction of RA(day 12),treatments were administered intradermally from day 12 to 28 as follows:SG(50μg/rat,40μL per paw),FC(50μg/rat,40μL per paw),or a combination of SG and FC(25μg/rat each,total 40μL per paw).Therapeutic outcomes were evaluated via the paw volume,joint diameter,arthritis scores,hematological and biochemical indicators,oxidative stress markers,inflammatory cytokines,and histopathological assessments of rats’ankle joint.The gene expression analysis was performed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Acute toxicity,body weight,and immune organ indices(spleen and thymus)were also monitored to assess the potential mitigation of SG of corticosteroid-induced adverse effects.Results Network pharmacology analysis revealed 138 potential SG-associated targets,involving 10 key hub genes.KEGG enrichment indicated the participation of pathways involving phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1(PIK3R1),estrogen receptor 1(ESR1),E1A binding protein P300(EP300),mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4(CXCR4),signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),and tolllike receptor 4(TLR4).GO enrichment analysis also revealed significant involvement of inflammatory and immune-related biological processes.Molecular docking confirmed strong binding interactions between major SG constituents and the identified hub targets.SG and SG+FC groups preserved body weight,and normalized spleen and thymus indices compared with FC group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),suggesting the mitigation of corticosteroid-induced adverse effects.SG and SG+FC groups significantly reduced paw volume,ankle diameter,and arthritis scores compared with CFA group(P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001).These treatments also significantly normalized hematological indicators[red blood cells(RBC),white blood cells(WBC),hemoglobin(Hb),and platelets(PLT)]and biochemical indicators[aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)](P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001).Serum proinflammatory cytokine levels[tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-6,IL-12,and thromboxane B2(TXB2)]were markedly decreased,accompanied by restored antioxidant defenses[superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione(GSH)]and reduced oxidative stress markers[malondialdehyde(MDA)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)](P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001).The qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated favorable downregulation of STAT3,mTOR,and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells(NF-κB)expression levels in joint tissues in all treatment groups compared with CFA group(P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001).Histopathological findings corroborated these effects,indicating reduced inflammatory infiltration and preservation of joint architecture.Conclusion SG exerts protective effects against RA by modulating key inflammatory and immune pathways.The combined application of SG with FC enhances the therapeutic outcomes,while potentially reducing the corticosteroid-related adverse effects.These findings support SG as a promising adjunctive therapy in RA management,offering favorable efficacy and safety alongside conventional corticosteroid treatment.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project Foundation of Shanghai City Science and Technology Committee:07dz19722-5
文摘Advances of studies on the acupuncture and pain signal transduction mechanisms in complete Freud＇s adjuvant arthritis are reviewed from the three aspects, the first messenger of modulating pain signals and the related receptors, the second messenger of modulating pain signals and other factors possibly involved in modulation of pain signal transduction, etc. It is held that modulation of acupuncture for pain signals is a comprehensive course involved in multi-channels, multi-levels, multi-links, and in future, acupuncture analgesic mechanisms for Freud＇s adjuvant arthritis will be more deeply studied by use of more new techniques and new methods.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC),grant number:81330088,81303025
文摘Pain is a global problem and has been found sensitive to acupuncture. A large number of existing and newly published studies have demonstrated the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture(EA) in complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA) rat model, necessitating a new and comprehensive review. To evaluate the curative effect of EA on thermal hyperalgesia in CFA rats, and to explore parameters that influence treatment effects, studies of EA treatment on thermal hyperalgesia of CFA rat model were identified from nine databases up to June 17, 2017. Outcome measure was heat pain threshold. All the data were analyzed using Stata 14.0/MP software. 26 studies identified included 801 rats. The quality score of the studies ranged from 3 to 6, with a mean of 4.08. The effect of EA group was improvement in outcome compared with CFA group. In subgroup analyses, frequency 2, 100, 2/100 or 20-100 Hz. acupoint Huántiào(环跳GB30),Kūnlún(昆仑 BL60) +Xuánzhōng(悬钟 GB39), Zúsānlī(足三里 ST36) +BL60 or ST36+Sānyīnjiāo(三阴交SP6), retention time 20 or 30 min, treatment time for post-CFA injection immediately, the same day as CFA injection, post-CFA injection 24 or 48 h and interval 24 or 48 h all can improve the effect on CFA rat heat pain threshold. These results show that there is positive effective of EA in CFA-induced pain,different parameters have different effects on EA treatment of CFA heat hyperalgesia, however, because of the number of eligible researches and the high risk of bias, the evidence supporting this conclusion is limited.
文摘Therapeutic efficacy of QS （quinapyramine sulphate） and FCA （Freund＇s complete adjuvant） combination was studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of QS using FCA in Trypanosorna congolense infection. GrouPs treated with QS and FCA had parasite disappeared in peripheral circulation 2 days pi, relapse was observed one week later. Effect of treatment on rectal temperature shows no significance （p 〈 0.05）, normalization of rectal temperature occurred in QS and FCA treated groups （34.1℃） than untreated （42.8 ℃）, QS （37.4 ℃） and FCA （35.92 ℃） treated groups. Mean body weight was significant （p 〈 0.001） in QS and FCA, QS, and FCA groups. Packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration for untreated groups were lower, but increased in QS, FCA, QS and FCA treated groups, indicating anemia amelioration. White blood cell counted in untreated, QS and FCA treated groups showed no significance （p 〈 0.05）, however, there was leukocytosis due to lymphocytosis in QS and FCA treated group （6.79 × 10^3/μl） compared with untreated and other groups. There was comparative decrease in serum liver enzymes in QS and FCA treated group than other groups. Therefore, QS at lower recommended dose with FCA may enhance efficacy of QS in trypanosomiasis.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund of Jianghuai College of Anhui University(2012KJ0004)~~
文摘[Objective] To investigate the prevention and control effect of polysaccharide from the rhizomorph of Armillaria mellea by distilled water elution （AMP-1） on diabetic cataract in rats.[Methods] Streptozotocin （STZ）,combined with freund＇s adjuvant （CFA）,was used to induce diabetic cataract in rat,to observe the onset of lenticular turbidity by slit lamp and compare the turbid degree of eyes lens among different groups.The super oxide dismutase （SOD）,glutathione peroxidase （GSH-px） and malondialdehyde （MDA） in serum and eyes lens were measured by colorimetric method.[Results] The slit lamp examination results showed that AMP-1 obviously delayed the onset of diabetic cataract and reduced turbid degree of eyes lens.Compared with model group,AMP-1 at various doses should significantly reduce the level of MDA ascended in serum of rats.Medium-and high-dose groups could increase the levels of SOD and GSH-Px in serum,and the dose of AMP-1 was closely related to the effect.[Conclusion] AMP-1 played a prominent role in prevention and treatment of diabetic cataract in rats.
