Accurate shelf-life estimation of food products has the potential to improve the safety,reliability,and sustainability of food supply chains.Here,a scalable system for accurately indicating the freshness-related infor...Accurate shelf-life estimation of food products has the potential to improve the safety,reliability,and sustainability of food supply chains.Here,a scalable system for accurately indicating the freshness-related information of salmon for consumers was developed and characterized.The system comprises two parts,an optically changeable colorimetric sensor by dye incorporated with sol-gel functionalized paper sensor and a deep convolutional neural network(DCNN)-based freshness estimation system based on images.The paper sensor was produced based on paper and immersed,coated,or printed with(3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane(APTMS)and tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS)sol-gel particles and indicators(e.g.,pH indicator,ammonia gas indicator,oxidation indicator,and other volatile organic compounds indicators).After being augmented by machine learning,the limit of detection reaches as low as 17.1 ppm for ammonia detection and the accuracy achieved up to 99.2%for salmon freshness estimation,which satisfied the application in food supply chains.The system balanced the trade-off between detection sensitivity,stability,and cost with the ability for scalable batch production.展开更多
Smart packaging has been introduced to change the way that food freshness is managed.In this study,a new pHsensitive film based on chitosan(CS),methylcellulose(MC),zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs),and black wolfberry...Smart packaging has been introduced to change the way that food freshness is managed.In this study,a new pHsensitive film based on chitosan(CS),methylcellulose(MC),zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs),and black wolfberry(BW)anthocyanins was developed and characterized.The composite film showed high sensitivity to total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N),with clear and distinguishable color changes,improving freshness monitoring.The film demonstrated ultraviolet(UV)absorbance with an optimum concentration of ZnO-NPs at 4%,enhancing UV protection.The Visual Encoder Transformer(VET)model,trained on 4000 high-resolution images,predicted seafood freshness with an accuracy of 98.44%,outperforming other models.Additionally,the moisture content of the composite films decreased significantly from 18.64% to 7.35%,and the water contact angle increased to 92.89°with the incorporation of ZnO-NPs.The developed system,integrated with an Intelligent Color Recognition(ICR)mobile application,provides a real-time,non-invasive solution for monitoring food freshness,offering both high accuracy and practical usability in seafood packaging.展开更多
Aquatic products were susceptible to spoilage during storage due to microorganisms and enzymes,which could cause food safety problems.The electrospun nanofiber films,based on pullulan(PUL)and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)inc...Aquatic products were susceptible to spoilage during storage due to microorganisms and enzymes,which could cause food safety problems.The electrospun nanofiber films,based on pullulan(PUL)and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)incorporating bayberry pomace anthocyanin extract(BAE),were developed to monitor the freshness states of aquatic products in this study.The SEM results revealed that the electrospun nanofiber films exhibited a smooth surface,and the average diameter decreased from 481.56 nm to 237.68 nm as anthocyanin content increased from 0 to 20%.The FTIR and XRD results showed that there were no new characteristic peaks,confirming the successful loading of BAE.The incorporation of BAE decreased the water content(from 13.58%to 7.84%),swelling ratio(from 146.75%to 114.24%),water vapor permeability(from 3.38 g⋅mm⋅m^(-2)⋅Pa^(-1)⋅s^(-1)⋅10^(-5)to 2.00 g⋅mm⋅m^(-2)⋅Pa^(-1)⋅s^(-1)⋅10^(-5)),and elongation at break(from 24.67%to 14.90%),but increased water solubility(from 74.99%to 85.74%)and water contact angle(from 51.84◦to 63.73◦).The electrospun nanofiber films presented obvious color changes in buffer solutions(pH 2.0 to 12.0)or volatile ammonia and showed good reversibility.Besides,the electrospun nanofiber films were stable during storage at 4◦C or 25◦C for 20 days.Furthermore,PUL-PVA-A15 effectively distinguished the freshness states(fresh,sub-fresh and spoiled)of Penaeus vannamei during storage at 4◦C by showing different colors(from pink to grayish purple to green).Therefore,the electrospun nanofiber films showed great potential to real-time monitor the quality of aquatic foods as intelligent packaging.展开更多
Metabolism,transpiration,and invasion of pathogens during the storage and transportation of fruits can lead to significant waste and even food safety issues.Therefore,real-time,rapid,and accurate non-destructive monit...Metabolism,transpiration,and invasion of pathogens during the storage and transportation of fruits can lead to significant waste and even food safety issues.Therefore,real-time,rapid,and accurate non-destructive monitoring of physiological information during the storage of fruits and vegetables to assess fruit freshness is crucial.Herein,we engineered a degradable and multifunctional humidity sensing film for monitoring fruit freshness.The film is fabricated through the co-assembly of bagasse cellulose nanocrystals(CNC),okra polysaccharides(OPs),silver nanowires(Ag NWs),and phytic acid(PA),utilizing dynamic hydrogen and phosphate bonds.This innovative design endows the CNC/OPs/PA/Ag NWs(COPA)composite film with outstanding mechanical properties,water resistance,low water vapor permeability,antibacterial,degradability,and moisture-sensing ability.Notably,the proposed COPA humidity sensor exhibits high linearity(R^(2)=0.994),ultralow hysteresis(1.24%),and 32 days of operational stability across a 35%–98%relative humidity(RH)range,enabling precise freshness monitoring during fruit storage.Significantly,the COPA film prolonged the shelf-life of packaged fruit when compared to conventional PE film packaging.This research establishes a foundational framework for next-generation smart sensors in food quality management and biomedical monitoring applications.展开更多
A novel colorimetric paper-sensor(CPS)in this research was fabricated by functionalizing filter paper with mulberry anthocyanin to monitor the freshness of packaged carp and milk.A 2D printer was applied to distribute...A novel colorimetric paper-sensor(CPS)in this research was fabricated by functionalizing filter paper with mulberry anthocyanin to monitor the freshness of packaged carp and milk.A 2D printer was applied to distribute uniformly mulberry anthocyanin onto the filter paper to form 10×10 mm^(2) squares,whose colors had a response to ambient pH values.The obtained CPS demonstrated satisfactory stability and reliable color-rendering capacity at pH 2-12.The correlation between color variation and sample freshness was quantitatively evaluated.The application of CPS in detecting the freshness of carp and milk at 25℃ was further studied,whose results evidenced that CPS had a significant color variation when ΔE was greater than 5.Additionally,its color turned from red-violet to gray when TVB-N of carp was greater than 20 mg/mL,implying that there was a strong positive correlation between TVB-N and color variation(R=0.515).Finally,quantitative analysis about color was conducted by the color recognition software of smartphone.The results indicated when S value(the newly defined color calculation method)was less than 50 or R value was greater than 120,milk and fish were rotten.Consequently,2D printer could be a promising tool to fabricate intelligent packaging materials enabling monitor visually freshness.展开更多
Amine-responsive fluorescent indicator films for meat freshness were constructed by incorporating β-glucan grafted with fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)in polyvinyl alcohol(PVA).The structural,thermal,and responsive ...Amine-responsive fluorescent indicator films for meat freshness were constructed by incorporating β-glucan grafted with fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)in polyvinyl alcohol(PVA).The structural,thermal,and responsive properties of grafted copolymers(βGlu-FITC)were investigated.The results of 1H NMR spectra showed that βGlu-FITC exhibited proton signals between 6.5 and 6.7 ppm,suggesting the successful grafting of FITC onto β-glucan.The fluorescence quantum yield of βGlu-FITC was 18.72%,which was higher than that of β-glucan of 12.94% at the optimum excitation wavelength of ultraviolet light of 365 nm.With the incorporation of PVA as a film-forming matrix,βGlu-FITC/PVA films showed high yellow-green fluorescent responsiveness under volatile ammonia and pH solution.When the film was used for meat freshness,the 0.06βGlu-FITC/PVA film provided a noticeable fluorescent indication of pork freshness that corresponded to increases in total volatile basic nitrogen,total colony counts,and drip loss,suggesting its potential for meat packaging and as a freshness indicator.展开更多
The pH-sensitive intelligent film is a much-awaited advancement in packaging technology,which uses visually discernible color changes to warn consumers about the freshness or spoilage of perishable food products.This ...The pH-sensitive intelligent film is a much-awaited advancement in packaging technology,which uses visually discernible color changes to warn consumers about the freshness or spoilage of perishable food products.This study aims to develop an intelligent indicating film based on carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC),formulated with date pits anthocyanins-rich extract(DPAE)at 1.5%.The incorporation of DPAE significantly enhanced the physical(moisture content,swelling index,water solubility and biodegradability)and mechanical(thickness,elongation at break and thickness).Developed films exhibited a higher antioxidant and antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogens.Furthermore,the inclusion of DPAE had a noticeable effect on pH-sensitive characteristics of the CMC/DPAE films.Interestingly,the CMC/DPAE film displayed a color change from yellow to dark brownish in response to changes in pH levels,covering a wide range from 1 to 13.The CMC/DPAE films were also capable of detecting ammonia at concentrations ranging from 0.125 to 1 mg/mL.In order to monitor the freshness of minced beef meat stored under refrigerated conditions at 4℃over 14 days,CMC/DPAE films exhibited noticeable color variations corresponding to the changes in meat quality,which were assessed based on total volatile basic nitrogen,microbial count,and pH during storage.The color alteration on the packaging label shifted from yellow to dark,signifying changes in meat freshness.The obtained results stipulated that the newly developed CMC/DPAE films hold promise as innovative colorimetric pH indicators for tracking the freshness and spoilage meat-products in the food industry and supermarkets.展开更多
文摘Accurate shelf-life estimation of food products has the potential to improve the safety,reliability,and sustainability of food supply chains.Here,a scalable system for accurately indicating the freshness-related information of salmon for consumers was developed and characterized.The system comprises two parts,an optically changeable colorimetric sensor by dye incorporated with sol-gel functionalized paper sensor and a deep convolutional neural network(DCNN)-based freshness estimation system based on images.The paper sensor was produced based on paper and immersed,coated,or printed with(3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane(APTMS)and tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS)sol-gel particles and indicators(e.g.,pH indicator,ammonia gas indicator,oxidation indicator,and other volatile organic compounds indicators).After being augmented by machine learning,the limit of detection reaches as low as 17.1 ppm for ammonia detection and the accuracy achieved up to 99.2%for salmon freshness estimation,which satisfied the application in food supply chains.The system balanced the trade-off between detection sensitivity,stability,and cost with the ability for scalable batch production.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFE0105500)Wuhan University postgraduate research credit course project of Intelligent Packaging and Food Safety(Grant No.1506/413100017).
文摘Smart packaging has been introduced to change the way that food freshness is managed.In this study,a new pHsensitive film based on chitosan(CS),methylcellulose(MC),zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs),and black wolfberry(BW)anthocyanins was developed and characterized.The composite film showed high sensitivity to total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N),with clear and distinguishable color changes,improving freshness monitoring.The film demonstrated ultraviolet(UV)absorbance with an optimum concentration of ZnO-NPs at 4%,enhancing UV protection.The Visual Encoder Transformer(VET)model,trained on 4000 high-resolution images,predicted seafood freshness with an accuracy of 98.44%,outperforming other models.Additionally,the moisture content of the composite films decreased significantly from 18.64% to 7.35%,and the water contact angle increased to 92.89°with the incorporation of ZnO-NPs.The developed system,integrated with an Intelligent Color Recognition(ICR)mobile application,provides a real-time,non-invasive solution for monitoring food freshness,offering both high accuracy and practical usability in seafood packaging.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.LTGN23C200013the National Key R&D Program of China under Grants No.2021YFD2100504 and No.2020YFD0900900.
文摘Aquatic products were susceptible to spoilage during storage due to microorganisms and enzymes,which could cause food safety problems.The electrospun nanofiber films,based on pullulan(PUL)and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)incorporating bayberry pomace anthocyanin extract(BAE),were developed to monitor the freshness states of aquatic products in this study.The SEM results revealed that the electrospun nanofiber films exhibited a smooth surface,and the average diameter decreased from 481.56 nm to 237.68 nm as anthocyanin content increased from 0 to 20%.The FTIR and XRD results showed that there were no new characteristic peaks,confirming the successful loading of BAE.The incorporation of BAE decreased the water content(from 13.58%to 7.84%),swelling ratio(from 146.75%to 114.24%),water vapor permeability(from 3.38 g⋅mm⋅m^(-2)⋅Pa^(-1)⋅s^(-1)⋅10^(-5)to 2.00 g⋅mm⋅m^(-2)⋅Pa^(-1)⋅s^(-1)⋅10^(-5)),and elongation at break(from 24.67%to 14.90%),but increased water solubility(from 74.99%to 85.74%)and water contact angle(from 51.84◦to 63.73◦).The electrospun nanofiber films presented obvious color changes in buffer solutions(pH 2.0 to 12.0)or volatile ammonia and showed good reversibility.Besides,the electrospun nanofiber films were stable during storage at 4◦C or 25◦C for 20 days.Furthermore,PUL-PVA-A15 effectively distinguished the freshness states(fresh,sub-fresh and spoiled)of Penaeus vannamei during storage at 4◦C by showing different colors(from pink to grayish purple to green).Therefore,the electrospun nanofiber films showed great potential to real-time monitor the quality of aquatic foods as intelligent packaging.
基金financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52363014 and 22405179)the Science and Technology Project of Guangxi(GK AB23026136)the Open Fund Funding of Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal&Materials,Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devics(22AA-7).
文摘Metabolism,transpiration,and invasion of pathogens during the storage and transportation of fruits can lead to significant waste and even food safety issues.Therefore,real-time,rapid,and accurate non-destructive monitoring of physiological information during the storage of fruits and vegetables to assess fruit freshness is crucial.Herein,we engineered a degradable and multifunctional humidity sensing film for monitoring fruit freshness.The film is fabricated through the co-assembly of bagasse cellulose nanocrystals(CNC),okra polysaccharides(OPs),silver nanowires(Ag NWs),and phytic acid(PA),utilizing dynamic hydrogen and phosphate bonds.This innovative design endows the CNC/OPs/PA/Ag NWs(COPA)composite film with outstanding mechanical properties,water resistance,low water vapor permeability,antibacterial,degradability,and moisture-sensing ability.Notably,the proposed COPA humidity sensor exhibits high linearity(R^(2)=0.994),ultralow hysteresis(1.24%),and 32 days of operational stability across a 35%–98%relative humidity(RH)range,enabling precise freshness monitoring during fruit storage.Significantly,the COPA film prolonged the shelf-life of packaged fruit when compared to conventional PE film packaging.This research establishes a foundational framework for next-generation smart sensors in food quality management and biomedical monitoring applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21804058)Shanxi Agricultural University High-Level Talent Project(2021XG013)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202303021221106)Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2021-068)Youth scientific research project of Shanxi Basic Research Program(202303021212099).
文摘A novel colorimetric paper-sensor(CPS)in this research was fabricated by functionalizing filter paper with mulberry anthocyanin to monitor the freshness of packaged carp and milk.A 2D printer was applied to distribute uniformly mulberry anthocyanin onto the filter paper to form 10×10 mm^(2) squares,whose colors had a response to ambient pH values.The obtained CPS demonstrated satisfactory stability and reliable color-rendering capacity at pH 2-12.The correlation between color variation and sample freshness was quantitatively evaluated.The application of CPS in detecting the freshness of carp and milk at 25℃ was further studied,whose results evidenced that CPS had a significant color variation when ΔE was greater than 5.Additionally,its color turned from red-violet to gray when TVB-N of carp was greater than 20 mg/mL,implying that there was a strong positive correlation between TVB-N and color variation(R=0.515).Finally,quantitative analysis about color was conducted by the color recognition software of smartphone.The results indicated when S value(the newly defined color calculation method)was less than 50 or R value was greater than 120,milk and fish were rotten.Consequently,2D printer could be a promising tool to fabricate intelligent packaging materials enabling monitor visually freshness.
基金supported by The Basic Research Funds Project for Universities Directly under the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(BR230401)Outstanding Youth Incubation Project of College of Food Science of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(SPYQ202101)+3 种基金Young Innovative Talent of Grassland Talent Project of Inner Mongolia(2020)Youth Science and Technology Talent Development Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Innovation Team)(NMGIRT2310)Science and Technology Program Projects in the College of Food Science and Engineering(YLXKZX-NND-015)Science and Technology Project of Food Science and Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(SPKJ202405).
文摘Amine-responsive fluorescent indicator films for meat freshness were constructed by incorporating β-glucan grafted with fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)in polyvinyl alcohol(PVA).The structural,thermal,and responsive properties of grafted copolymers(βGlu-FITC)were investigated.The results of 1H NMR spectra showed that βGlu-FITC exhibited proton signals between 6.5 and 6.7 ppm,suggesting the successful grafting of FITC onto β-glucan.The fluorescence quantum yield of βGlu-FITC was 18.72%,which was higher than that of β-glucan of 12.94% at the optimum excitation wavelength of ultraviolet light of 365 nm.With the incorporation of PVA as a film-forming matrix,βGlu-FITC/PVA films showed high yellow-green fluorescent responsiveness under volatile ammonia and pH solution.When the film was used for meat freshness,the 0.06βGlu-FITC/PVA film provided a noticeable fluorescent indication of pork freshness that corresponded to increases in total volatile basic nitrogen,total colony counts,and drip loss,suggesting its potential for meat packaging and as a freshness indicator.
基金supported through Tunisian-Algerian Project 2020 for cooperation in the field of research and innovation(Order number:C120211040000002161900015).
文摘The pH-sensitive intelligent film is a much-awaited advancement in packaging technology,which uses visually discernible color changes to warn consumers about the freshness or spoilage of perishable food products.This study aims to develop an intelligent indicating film based on carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC),formulated with date pits anthocyanins-rich extract(DPAE)at 1.5%.The incorporation of DPAE significantly enhanced the physical(moisture content,swelling index,water solubility and biodegradability)and mechanical(thickness,elongation at break and thickness).Developed films exhibited a higher antioxidant and antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogens.Furthermore,the inclusion of DPAE had a noticeable effect on pH-sensitive characteristics of the CMC/DPAE films.Interestingly,the CMC/DPAE film displayed a color change from yellow to dark brownish in response to changes in pH levels,covering a wide range from 1 to 13.The CMC/DPAE films were also capable of detecting ammonia at concentrations ranging from 0.125 to 1 mg/mL.In order to monitor the freshness of minced beef meat stored under refrigerated conditions at 4℃over 14 days,CMC/DPAE films exhibited noticeable color variations corresponding to the changes in meat quality,which were assessed based on total volatile basic nitrogen,microbial count,and pH during storage.The color alteration on the packaging label shifted from yellow to dark,signifying changes in meat freshness.The obtained results stipulated that the newly developed CMC/DPAE films hold promise as innovative colorimetric pH indicators for tracking the freshness and spoilage meat-products in the food industry and supermarkets.
