Since its introduction in the 1970’s,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)has become a standard imaging modality.With its broad and standardized application,it is firmly established in the clinical routine and an essential...Since its introduction in the 1970’s,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)has become a standard imaging modality.With its broad and standardized application,it is firmly established in the clinical routine and an essential element in cardiovascular and abdominal imaging.In addition to sonography and computer tomography,MRI is a valuable tool for diagnosing cardiovascular and abdominal diseases,for determining disease severity,and for assessing therapeutic success.MRI techniques have improved over the last few decades,revealing not just morphologic information,but functional information about perfusion,diffusion and hemodynamics as well.Four-dimensional(4D)flow MRI,a time-resolved phase contrast-MRI with three-dimensional(3D)anatomic coverage and velocity encoding along all three flow directions has been used to comprehensively assess complex cardiovascular hemodynamics in multiple regions of the body.The technique enables visualization of 3D blood flow patterns and retrospective quantification of blood flow parameters in a region of interest.Over the last few years,4D flow MRI has been increasingly performed in the abdominal region.By applying different acceleration techniques,taking 4D flow MRI measurements has dropped to a reasonable scanning time of 8 to 12 min.These new developments have encouraged a growing number of patient studies in the literature validating the technique’s potential for enhanced evaluation of blood flow parameters within the liver’s complex vascular system.The purpose of this review article is to broaden our understanding of 4D flow MRI for the assessment of liver hemodynamics by providing insights into acquisition,data analysis,visualization and quantification.Furthermore,in this article we highlight its development,focussing on the clinical application of the technique.展开更多
目的探讨四维自动左房定量(4D AUTO LAQ)技术评估原发性高血压病(EH)患者左房功能的临床应用价值。方法选取于我院就诊的EH患者99例,根据左室质量指数(LVMI)分为非左室壁肥厚组53例(NLVH组)和左室壁肥厚组46例(LVH组),另选血压正常的健...目的探讨四维自动左房定量(4D AUTO LAQ)技术评估原发性高血压病(EH)患者左房功能的临床应用价值。方法选取于我院就诊的EH患者99例,根据左室质量指数(LVMI)分为非左室壁肥厚组53例(NLVH组)和左室壁肥厚组46例(LVH组),另选血压正常的健康体检者48例为对照组。应用常规超声心动图检测各组左房内径(LADs)、左室舒张末期内径(LVDd)、左室收缩末期内径(LVDs)、舒张期左室后壁厚度(LVPWT)、舒张期室间隔厚度(IVS)、左室质量(LVM)、左室质量指数(LVMI)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、二尖瓣口舒张早期和晚期峰值流速(E、A)、二尖瓣环舒张早期运动速度峰值(e’)、E/e’,4D AUTO LAQ技术检测左房容积和应变参数,包括左房最大容积(LAVmax)、左房最小容积(LAVmin)、左房收缩前容积(LAVpreA)、左房容积指数(LAVI)、左房射血分数(LAEF)、左房储备期纵向应变(LASr)、左房导管期纵向应变(LAScd)、左房收缩期纵向应变(LASct)、左房储备期圆周应变(LASr-c)、左房导管期圆周应变(LAScd-c)、左房收缩期圆周应变(LASct-c),比较各组上述参数的差异。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析左房应变参数评估EH患者左房功能改变的效能。结果常规超声心动图检查结果显示,与对照组比较,NLVH组LVDd、IVS、LVPWT、LVM、LVMI、A、E/e’均增大,e’减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);LVH组LADs、LVDd、LVDs、IVS、LVPWT、LVM、LVMI、A、E/e’均增大,LVEF、e’均减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。与NLVH组比较,LVH组LADs、LVDd、IVS、LVPWT、LVM、LVMI均增大,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。4D AUTO LAQ检查结果显示,与对照组比较,NLVH组LAVmax、LAVmin、LAVpreA均增大,LASr、LAScd均减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);LVH组LAVmax、LAVmin、LAVI、LAVpreA均增大,LAEF、LASr、LAScd、LASct、LASr-c、LASct-c均减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。与NLVH组比较,LVH组LAVmax、LAVmin、LAVpreA均增大,LAEF、LASr、LAScd、LASct、LASr-c、LASct-c均减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,LASr评估EH患者左房功能改变的效能最佳,当截断值为25.5%时,敏感性70.8%,特异性90.9%,曲线下面积0.862。结论EH患者左房应变改变早于左室收缩功能改变;4D AUTO LAQ技术是评估EH患者左房功能的有效方法,具有较好的临床应用价值。展开更多
文摘Since its introduction in the 1970’s,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)has become a standard imaging modality.With its broad and standardized application,it is firmly established in the clinical routine and an essential element in cardiovascular and abdominal imaging.In addition to sonography and computer tomography,MRI is a valuable tool for diagnosing cardiovascular and abdominal diseases,for determining disease severity,and for assessing therapeutic success.MRI techniques have improved over the last few decades,revealing not just morphologic information,but functional information about perfusion,diffusion and hemodynamics as well.Four-dimensional(4D)flow MRI,a time-resolved phase contrast-MRI with three-dimensional(3D)anatomic coverage and velocity encoding along all three flow directions has been used to comprehensively assess complex cardiovascular hemodynamics in multiple regions of the body.The technique enables visualization of 3D blood flow patterns and retrospective quantification of blood flow parameters in a region of interest.Over the last few years,4D flow MRI has been increasingly performed in the abdominal region.By applying different acceleration techniques,taking 4D flow MRI measurements has dropped to a reasonable scanning time of 8 to 12 min.These new developments have encouraged a growing number of patient studies in the literature validating the technique’s potential for enhanced evaluation of blood flow parameters within the liver’s complex vascular system.The purpose of this review article is to broaden our understanding of 4D flow MRI for the assessment of liver hemodynamics by providing insights into acquisition,data analysis,visualization and quantification.Furthermore,in this article we highlight its development,focussing on the clinical application of the technique.
文摘目的探讨四维自动左房定量(4D AUTO LAQ)技术评估原发性高血压病(EH)患者左房功能的临床应用价值。方法选取于我院就诊的EH患者99例,根据左室质量指数(LVMI)分为非左室壁肥厚组53例(NLVH组)和左室壁肥厚组46例(LVH组),另选血压正常的健康体检者48例为对照组。应用常规超声心动图检测各组左房内径(LADs)、左室舒张末期内径(LVDd)、左室收缩末期内径(LVDs)、舒张期左室后壁厚度(LVPWT)、舒张期室间隔厚度(IVS)、左室质量(LVM)、左室质量指数(LVMI)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、二尖瓣口舒张早期和晚期峰值流速(E、A)、二尖瓣环舒张早期运动速度峰值(e’)、E/e’,4D AUTO LAQ技术检测左房容积和应变参数,包括左房最大容积(LAVmax)、左房最小容积(LAVmin)、左房收缩前容积(LAVpreA)、左房容积指数(LAVI)、左房射血分数(LAEF)、左房储备期纵向应变(LASr)、左房导管期纵向应变(LAScd)、左房收缩期纵向应变(LASct)、左房储备期圆周应变(LASr-c)、左房导管期圆周应变(LAScd-c)、左房收缩期圆周应变(LASct-c),比较各组上述参数的差异。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析左房应变参数评估EH患者左房功能改变的效能。结果常规超声心动图检查结果显示,与对照组比较,NLVH组LVDd、IVS、LVPWT、LVM、LVMI、A、E/e’均增大,e’减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);LVH组LADs、LVDd、LVDs、IVS、LVPWT、LVM、LVMI、A、E/e’均增大,LVEF、e’均减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。与NLVH组比较,LVH组LADs、LVDd、IVS、LVPWT、LVM、LVMI均增大,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。4D AUTO LAQ检查结果显示,与对照组比较,NLVH组LAVmax、LAVmin、LAVpreA均增大,LASr、LAScd均减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);LVH组LAVmax、LAVmin、LAVI、LAVpreA均增大,LAEF、LASr、LAScd、LASct、LASr-c、LASct-c均减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。与NLVH组比较,LVH组LAVmax、LAVmin、LAVpreA均增大,LAEF、LASr、LAScd、LASct、LASr-c、LASct-c均减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,LASr评估EH患者左房功能改变的效能最佳,当截断值为25.5%时,敏感性70.8%,特异性90.9%,曲线下面积0.862。结论EH患者左房应变改变早于左室收缩功能改变;4D AUTO LAQ技术是评估EH患者左房功能的有效方法,具有较好的临床应用价值。
