An integrated fluid-thermal-structural analysis approach is presented. In this approach, the heat conduction in a solid is coupled with the heat convection in the viscous flow of the fluid resulting in the thermal str...An integrated fluid-thermal-structural analysis approach is presented. In this approach, the heat conduction in a solid is coupled with the heat convection in the viscous flow of the fluid resulting in the thermal stress in the solid. The fractional four-step finite element method and the streamline upwind Petrov-Galerkin （SUPG） method are used to analyze the viscous thermal flow in the fluid. Analyses of the heat transfer and the thermal stress in the solid axe performed by the Galerkin method. The second-order semi- implicit Crank-Nicolson scheme is used for the time integration. The resulting nonlinear equations are lineaxized to improve the computational efficiency. The integrated analysis method uses a three-node triangular element with equal-order interpolation functions for the fluid velocity components, the pressure, the temperature, and the solid displacements to simplify the overall finite element formulation. The main advantage of the present method is to consistently couple the heat transfer along the fluid-solid interface. Results of several tested problems show effectiveness of the present finite element method, which provides insight into the integrated fluid-thermal-structural interaction phenomena.展开更多
[Objectives] To observe the effectiveness of four-step tendon manipulation in the treatment of thumb stenotic tenosynovitis, under the guidance of "tendon first" theory. [Methods] 30 patients with stenotic t...[Objectives] To observe the effectiveness of four-step tendon manipulation in the treatment of thumb stenotic tenosynovitis, under the guidance of "tendon first" theory. [Methods] 30 patients with stenotic tenosynovitis of thumb were treated with four-step tendon manipulation and traditional manipulation respectively, 3 times a week, a total of two weeks. The clinical efficacy, changes of visual analogue scale (VAS) and the recurrence rate after 15 d of follow-up treatment were observed before and after treatment. The differences were statistically significant ( P <0.05). [Results] After treatment, the VAS and the recurrence rate after 15 d of treatment in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P <0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate was 73.33% in the control group and 93.33% in the observation group ( P <0.05). [Conclusions] The effect of four-step tendon regulating manipulation in the treatment of thumb stenotic tenosynovitis is ideal. The effect is significantly better than that of traditional Chinese medicine in improving thumb pain and function, which is worthy of clinical promotion.展开更多
Objectice: Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of over 2, 000 years in treating piles,based on the principle 'Sore herbs can be stringent while the puckery can control prolapse', and a large amount...Objectice: Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of over 2, 000 years in treating piles,based on the principle 'Sore herbs can be stringent while the puckery can control prolapse', and a large amount of precious experience has been accumulated. Methods: Prepared mainly with such effective compositions as gallnut (Galla Chinensis) and alum, Xiaozhiling (XZL) was applied in treating piles of stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ. Fourstep injections were given at (1 ) the branches of artery rectalis superior (ARS), (2) the submucosa, (3) the mucous lamina propria, and (4) the sinous veins. The injection obliterated the ARS and made piles sclerosed, atrophied and finally disappear. Results: From 1987 to 1996, piles of stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ were treated of 21, 361 cases. Of all the cases, 21, 148 (99 % ) were cured, 203 (0. 95% ) improved and 10 (0. 05% ) ineffective for whom surgery was used. Of the 620 cases who were followed up 3 years after treatment, it recurred in only 6 cases (prolapse, 1 % ). Conclusion: This method summarized a relatively ideal non-operative approach in the treatment of piles of stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ.展开更多
George Polya’s How to Solve it demonstrates how his procedures can be used to methodi- cally approach and solve any problem that involves thought and reasoning．In the following ex- ample we apply his four steps to p...George Polya’s How to Solve it demonstrates how his procedures can be used to methodi- cally approach and solve any problem that involves thought and reasoning．In the following ex- ample we apply his four steps to problems that are not mathematical．展开更多
This study examined gender differences in modal choice among residents of coastal communities of Yenagoa metropolis in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The Four-Step model of transportation planning and modal choice provided t...This study examined gender differences in modal choice among residents of coastal communities of Yenagoa metropolis in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The Four-Step model of transportation planning and modal choice provided the theoretical basis for this study. A survey research design involving a stratified sampling technique was adopted. The descriptives on transport modes, amount and time spent revealed that 10 (76.9%) males and 3 (23.1%) females preferred bicycle as means of transportation, 7 (58.3%) males and 5 (41.7%) females preferred motorcycle, while a significant proportion 90 (53.9%) males and 77 (46.1%) females preferred tricycle, 80 (63.0%) males and 47 (37.0%) females preferred cars/taxis, and 12 (46.2%) males and 14 (53.8%) females preferred mass transit bus. However, 14 (46.7%) males and 16 (53.3%) females in marshy terrain and coastal locations preferred canoes and boats. The result of the logistic regression model revealed that gender modal preference is more likely to be influenced by mode of transportation with a beta weight of 1.140, safety considerations 1.139, ownership of transport 1.135 and distance to place of work 1.073. Hence, this study recommends that a combination of these factors should be incorporated into transport planning to achieve effective transport planning and sustainable development in the Yenagoa metropolis.展开更多
目的分析微格教学“四步法”在住院医师规范化培训(住培)心肺复苏培训教学中应用的效果。方法选取2023年1月—2024年5月亳州市人民医院进行基础生命支持(basic life support,BLS)培训的120名住培生作为研究对象,用随机数字表法将其分为...目的分析微格教学“四步法”在住院医师规范化培训(住培)心肺复苏培训教学中应用的效果。方法选取2023年1月—2024年5月亳州市人民医院进行基础生命支持(basic life support,BLS)培训的120名住培生作为研究对象,用随机数字表法将其分为两组,各60名,对照组实施美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)2020版成人BLS课程教学,观察组实施微格教学“四步法”进行BLS教学,比较两组教学前后对心肺复苏相关知识和技能的掌握情况、心肺复苏临床学习能力及对带教模式的满意度。结果观察组教学结束时、结束后1个月、结束后3个月对心肺复苏相关知识和技能掌握评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组心肺复苏临床学习能力各维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组对教学模式满意度总分为(93.34±1.46)分,高于对照组的(90.63±2.52)分,差异有统计学意义(t=7.208,P<0.001)。结论在心肺复苏临床带教中,微格教学“四步法”应用能有效提升住培生对心肺复苏相关知识和技能掌握度,增强住培生CPR临床学习能力,提高其对教学的满意度,具有较高的教学借鉴价值。展开更多
基金the National Metal and Materials Technology Centerthe Thailand Research Fund+1 种基金the Office of Higher Education Commissionthe Chulalongkorn University for supporting the present research
文摘An integrated fluid-thermal-structural analysis approach is presented. In this approach, the heat conduction in a solid is coupled with the heat convection in the viscous flow of the fluid resulting in the thermal stress in the solid. The fractional four-step finite element method and the streamline upwind Petrov-Galerkin （SUPG） method are used to analyze the viscous thermal flow in the fluid. Analyses of the heat transfer and the thermal stress in the solid axe performed by the Galerkin method. The second-order semi- implicit Crank-Nicolson scheme is used for the time integration. The resulting nonlinear equations are lineaxized to improve the computational efficiency. The integrated analysis method uses a three-node triangular element with equal-order interpolation functions for the fluid velocity components, the pressure, the temperature, and the solid displacements to simplify the overall finite element formulation. The main advantage of the present method is to consistently couple the heat transfer along the fluid-solid interface. Results of several tested problems show effectiveness of the present finite element method, which provides insight into the integrated fluid-thermal-structural interaction phenomena.
文摘[Objectives] To observe the effectiveness of four-step tendon manipulation in the treatment of thumb stenotic tenosynovitis, under the guidance of "tendon first" theory. [Methods] 30 patients with stenotic tenosynovitis of thumb were treated with four-step tendon manipulation and traditional manipulation respectively, 3 times a week, a total of two weeks. The clinical efficacy, changes of visual analogue scale (VAS) and the recurrence rate after 15 d of follow-up treatment were observed before and after treatment. The differences were statistically significant ( P <0.05). [Results] After treatment, the VAS and the recurrence rate after 15 d of treatment in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P <0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate was 73.33% in the control group and 93.33% in the observation group ( P <0.05). [Conclusions] The effect of four-step tendon regulating manipulation in the treatment of thumb stenotic tenosynovitis is ideal. The effect is significantly better than that of traditional Chinese medicine in improving thumb pain and function, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
文摘Objectice: Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of over 2, 000 years in treating piles,based on the principle 'Sore herbs can be stringent while the puckery can control prolapse', and a large amount of precious experience has been accumulated. Methods: Prepared mainly with such effective compositions as gallnut (Galla Chinensis) and alum, Xiaozhiling (XZL) was applied in treating piles of stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ. Fourstep injections were given at (1 ) the branches of artery rectalis superior (ARS), (2) the submucosa, (3) the mucous lamina propria, and (4) the sinous veins. The injection obliterated the ARS and made piles sclerosed, atrophied and finally disappear. Results: From 1987 to 1996, piles of stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ were treated of 21, 361 cases. Of all the cases, 21, 148 (99 % ) were cured, 203 (0. 95% ) improved and 10 (0. 05% ) ineffective for whom surgery was used. Of the 620 cases who were followed up 3 years after treatment, it recurred in only 6 cases (prolapse, 1 % ). Conclusion: This method summarized a relatively ideal non-operative approach in the treatment of piles of stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ.
文摘George Polya’s How to Solve it demonstrates how his procedures can be used to methodi- cally approach and solve any problem that involves thought and reasoning．In the following ex- ample we apply his four steps to problems that are not mathematical．
文摘This study examined gender differences in modal choice among residents of coastal communities of Yenagoa metropolis in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The Four-Step model of transportation planning and modal choice provided the theoretical basis for this study. A survey research design involving a stratified sampling technique was adopted. The descriptives on transport modes, amount and time spent revealed that 10 (76.9%) males and 3 (23.1%) females preferred bicycle as means of transportation, 7 (58.3%) males and 5 (41.7%) females preferred motorcycle, while a significant proportion 90 (53.9%) males and 77 (46.1%) females preferred tricycle, 80 (63.0%) males and 47 (37.0%) females preferred cars/taxis, and 12 (46.2%) males and 14 (53.8%) females preferred mass transit bus. However, 14 (46.7%) males and 16 (53.3%) females in marshy terrain and coastal locations preferred canoes and boats. The result of the logistic regression model revealed that gender modal preference is more likely to be influenced by mode of transportation with a beta weight of 1.140, safety considerations 1.139, ownership of transport 1.135 and distance to place of work 1.073. Hence, this study recommends that a combination of these factors should be incorporated into transport planning to achieve effective transport planning and sustainable development in the Yenagoa metropolis.
文摘目的分析微格教学“四步法”在住院医师规范化培训(住培)心肺复苏培训教学中应用的效果。方法选取2023年1月—2024年5月亳州市人民医院进行基础生命支持(basic life support,BLS)培训的120名住培生作为研究对象,用随机数字表法将其分为两组,各60名,对照组实施美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)2020版成人BLS课程教学,观察组实施微格教学“四步法”进行BLS教学,比较两组教学前后对心肺复苏相关知识和技能的掌握情况、心肺复苏临床学习能力及对带教模式的满意度。结果观察组教学结束时、结束后1个月、结束后3个月对心肺复苏相关知识和技能掌握评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组心肺复苏临床学习能力各维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组对教学模式满意度总分为(93.34±1.46)分,高于对照组的(90.63±2.52)分,差异有统计学意义(t=7.208,P<0.001)。结论在心肺复苏临床带教中,微格教学“四步法”应用能有效提升住培生对心肺复苏相关知识和技能掌握度,增强住培生CPR临床学习能力,提高其对教学的满意度,具有较高的教学借鉴价值。
