＂Huge intelligent structure＂ was built by the Mughal Heroes in this Subcontinent. It was the process to prevent and to secure a city as well as the territory from any kind of disruption and disintegration through th...＂Huge intelligent structure＂ was built by the Mughal Heroes in this Subcontinent. It was the process to prevent and to secure a city as well as the territory from any kind of disruption and disintegration through the fortified walled profile. The strategies, approach, and positioning of those forts were governed by the contextual specification. All different forts of Mughals Empire had unusual notion of accomplishment. Fort architecture in the subcontinent was initially developed by the Mughals to protect the territory from the enemy. Later, those forts became huge and complex. The planning approach and the morphology of the fort architecture were justified according to the relative factor. The Mughal Fort is a Medieval-era building. The Mughal Fort improves the city＇s defensive strength and provides some culture at every turn, Building Walls is a prerequisite to settle the Mughal Fort. The Mughals were concern about environment. Mughals ruled most of the subcontinent until the mid-19th. During their rule they constructed elaborate forts across the countryside which served as administrative centers and living quarters for the occupiers. Bengal became a province of the Mughal Empire and was ruled from Delhi by the governors of Bengal （1576）.a Bengali river fort experienced lots of local and traditional influences only lbr being the river fort, stating from the component, elements of tbrts, and formal profile as well. Undoubtedly, Bengal conceived a different kind of river oriented fort, which has distinct characters. Even in the case of this fort formation, the Mughal had some strategic planning and morphology for spread city beyond the fort wall. The objective of the research is solely to identify distinguished characteristics and context specification and to analyze the morphology of the four-river fort architecture of East Bengal （Bangladesh）.展开更多
目的 探讨联合应用高位Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨同期牙槽嵴裂植骨矫治唇腭裂术后面中部畸形的可行性。方法2002年1月～2005年1月，共收治10例唇腭裂术后面中部畸形患者，男4例，女6例。年龄16～32岁。单侧唇腭裂8例，双侧2例。影像学检查均有...目的 探讨联合应用高位Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨同期牙槽嵴裂植骨矫治唇腭裂术后面中部畸形的可行性。方法2002年1月～2005年1月，共收治10例唇腭裂术后面中部畸形患者，男4例，女6例。年龄16～32岁。单侧唇腭裂8例，双侧2例。影像学检查均有继发面中部畸形的主要表现。均采用高位Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨和牙槽嵴裂自体髂骨游离移植一期手术矫正。高位Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨的截骨线在上颌骨前壁比常规Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨线高，最高可达眶下孔下5mm左右，水平截开至颧牙槽嵴处再弧形转向下后方。结果术后伤口均I期愈合。复查头部X线片，所有患者上颌骨位置均得到明显改善。随访6～24个月，牙弓外形良好，X线片示无明显骨质吸收，植骨区密度与周围接近。10例均获得满意面容，其中9例获得良好的牙骀关系。结论高位Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨术不仅可前移上颌骨，还可前移部分眶下区及整个鼻旁区和鼻底，更明显地改善畸形。同期行牙槽嵴裂自体髂骨游离移植，可减少手术次数、降低费用、获得理想效果，是矫治唇腭裂术后面中部继发畸形的一种有效方法。展开更多
目的:采用多片段Le Fort I型截骨术矫治严重牙颌面畸形,并为克服术后骨段固位不良之缺点自制一种腭侧固定夹板。方法:以该手术方法联合双侧下颌升支矢状劈开术（BSSRO）矫治上颌宽度不足伴上下颌其它严重畸形的患者19例。采用单纯多片...目的:采用多片段Le Fort I型截骨术矫治严重牙颌面畸形,并为克服术后骨段固位不良之缺点自制一种腭侧固定夹板。方法:以该手术方法联合双侧下颌升支矢状劈开术（BSSRO）矫治上颌宽度不足伴上下颌其它严重畸形的患者19例。采用单纯多片段Le FortI型截骨6例,联合BSSRO13例。19例中上颌两片段Le FortI型截骨12例,3片段7例。结果:术后随访16例,平均22.6m,66间距离平均扩宽7.3mm,33间平均扩宽3.9mm。无严重并发症及明显复发,咬合关系满意。结论:应用良好的腭侧固定夹板,采用多片段 Le FortI截骨联合BSSRO可一次满意矫治严重双颌畸形。展开更多
目的：Binder综合征患者有严重的面部凹陷畸形及咬合功能障碍,治疗相对困难且易复发。本研究探讨面中部牵引结合正颌手术在Binder综合征治疗中的价值。方法：4例Binder综合征患者采用改良Le Fort II型截骨术,术后利用颅骨外置式牵引器...目的：Binder综合征患者有严重的面部凹陷畸形及咬合功能障碍,治疗相对困难且易复发。本研究探讨面中部牵引结合正颌手术在Binder综合征治疗中的价值。方法：4例Binder综合征患者采用改良Le Fort II型截骨术,术后利用颅骨外置式牵引器进行旋转牵引,并随时调整矢状向及垂直向的量,矫正患者面形。半年后进行正颌手术,矫正咬合关系,并随访1~2 a。结果：4例患者均顺利完成整个治疗过程,无明显并发症发生。牵引过程中无明显疼痛及不适。头影测量显示,患者面中部骨骼显著前移,凹陷畸形得以矫治。经过正颌-正畸联合治疗,获得了良好的咬合关系。结论：上颌骨Le Fort II型截骨牵引可以矫治鼻上颌骨发育不足,通过正颌手术可以矫正咬合关系,两者结合是一种较为理想的治疗Binder综合征的方法。展开更多
目的本研究通过主观及客观性评估方法,对上颌骨Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨上颌骨向不同方向移动后鼻腔通气功能的变化进行评估。方法将30例需要接受正颌手术治疗的患者分为2组,前移组1 3例,采用上颌骨Le Fort I型截骨前移术;非前移组:1 7例,采用...目的本研究通过主观及客观性评估方法,对上颌骨Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨上颌骨向不同方向移动后鼻腔通气功能的变化进行评估。方法将30例需要接受正颌手术治疗的患者分为2组,前移组1 3例,采用上颌骨Le Fort I型截骨前移术;非前移组:1 7例,采用上颌骨Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨上抬、后退或下降术。术前、术后3个月及术后6个月分别对研究对象进行前鼻镜及鼻声反射检查。所有研究对象术前及术后6个月均完成NOSE量表的主观性评估,采用SPSS对术前及术后的结果进行统计学分析。结果鼻声反射检测结果显示两组患者的鼻腔阻力、鼻腔容积及鼻腔最小截面积3项指标在术后3个月及6个月时均较术前有所改善,但是前后差异没有统计学意义。NOSE量表的主观性评估结果显示,两研究组于术后6个月时的评估分值即主观症状改善较术前下降,然而仅非前移组术前术后差异有统计学意义。结论上颌骨Le Fort Ⅰ型单块截骨上颌骨向不同方向移动无论从客观上还是主观上都不会对患者的鼻腔通气功能产生不良影响。同时利用客观性(鼻声反射)及主观性(NOSE量表)检测手段可以有效地对鼻腔结构及功能进行评估。展开更多
目的:探讨Le Fort I型截骨术上抬上颌骨时下颌骨自动旋转中心的位置,下颌骨自动旋转中心与上颌骨上抬量、下颌骨长度和下颌平面角的关系。方法:选取25例单纯采用Le Fort I型截骨术上抬上颌骨矫治垂直向发育过度的患者,测量其术前、术后...目的:探讨Le Fort I型截骨术上抬上颌骨时下颌骨自动旋转中心的位置,下颌骨自动旋转中心与上颌骨上抬量、下颌骨长度和下颌平面角的关系。方法:选取25例单纯采用Le Fort I型截骨术上抬上颌骨矫治垂直向发育过度的患者,测量其术前、术后头颅定位侧位片。利用Reuleaux法测量实际下颌骨旋转中心。采用SPSS13.0软件包对ANS、PNS上抬量、下颌骨长度、MP-SN角度与下颌骨自动旋转中心进行Pearson相关和线性回归分析。结果:下颌骨自动旋转中心平均位于髁突中点下方15.64 mm,后方0.82 mm处。ANS点和PNS点上抬量、下颌骨长度与下颌骨自动旋转中心位置相关,MP-SN角度与下颌骨旋转中心垂直向位置相关。结论:下颌骨自动旋转中心位于髁突外,其与上颌骨上抬量、下颌骨长度和下颌平面角相关。展开更多
文摘＂Huge intelligent structure＂ was built by the Mughal Heroes in this Subcontinent. It was the process to prevent and to secure a city as well as the territory from any kind of disruption and disintegration through the fortified walled profile. The strategies, approach, and positioning of those forts were governed by the contextual specification. All different forts of Mughals Empire had unusual notion of accomplishment. Fort architecture in the subcontinent was initially developed by the Mughals to protect the territory from the enemy. Later, those forts became huge and complex. The planning approach and the morphology of the fort architecture were justified according to the relative factor. The Mughal Fort is a Medieval-era building. The Mughal Fort improves the city＇s defensive strength and provides some culture at every turn, Building Walls is a prerequisite to settle the Mughal Fort. The Mughals were concern about environment. Mughals ruled most of the subcontinent until the mid-19th. During their rule they constructed elaborate forts across the countryside which served as administrative centers and living quarters for the occupiers. Bengal became a province of the Mughal Empire and was ruled from Delhi by the governors of Bengal （1576）.a Bengali river fort experienced lots of local and traditional influences only lbr being the river fort, stating from the component, elements of tbrts, and formal profile as well. Undoubtedly, Bengal conceived a different kind of river oriented fort, which has distinct characters. Even in the case of this fort formation, the Mughal had some strategic planning and morphology for spread city beyond the fort wall. The objective of the research is solely to identify distinguished characteristics and context specification and to analyze the morphology of the four-river fort architecture of East Bengal （Bangladesh）.
文摘目的 探讨联合应用高位Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨同期牙槽嵴裂植骨矫治唇腭裂术后面中部畸形的可行性。方法2002年1月～2005年1月，共收治10例唇腭裂术后面中部畸形患者，男4例，女6例。年龄16～32岁。单侧唇腭裂8例，双侧2例。影像学检查均有继发面中部畸形的主要表现。均采用高位Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨和牙槽嵴裂自体髂骨游离移植一期手术矫正。高位Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨的截骨线在上颌骨前壁比常规Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨线高，最高可达眶下孔下5mm左右，水平截开至颧牙槽嵴处再弧形转向下后方。结果术后伤口均I期愈合。复查头部X线片，所有患者上颌骨位置均得到明显改善。随访6～24个月，牙弓外形良好，X线片示无明显骨质吸收，植骨区密度与周围接近。10例均获得满意面容，其中9例获得良好的牙骀关系。结论高位Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨术不仅可前移上颌骨，还可前移部分眶下区及整个鼻旁区和鼻底，更明显地改善畸形。同期行牙槽嵴裂自体髂骨游离移植，可减少手术次数、降低费用、获得理想效果，是矫治唇腭裂术后面中部继发畸形的一种有效方法。
文摘目的:采用多片段Le Fort I型截骨术矫治严重牙颌面畸形,并为克服术后骨段固位不良之缺点自制一种腭侧固定夹板。方法:以该手术方法联合双侧下颌升支矢状劈开术（BSSRO）矫治上颌宽度不足伴上下颌其它严重畸形的患者19例。采用单纯多片段Le FortI型截骨6例,联合BSSRO13例。19例中上颌两片段Le FortI型截骨12例,3片段7例。结果:术后随访16例,平均22.6m,66间距离平均扩宽7.3mm,33间平均扩宽3.9mm。无严重并发症及明显复发,咬合关系满意。结论:应用良好的腭侧固定夹板,采用多片段 Le FortI截骨联合BSSRO可一次满意矫治严重双颌畸形。
文摘目的：Binder综合征患者有严重的面部凹陷畸形及咬合功能障碍,治疗相对困难且易复发。本研究探讨面中部牵引结合正颌手术在Binder综合征治疗中的价值。方法：4例Binder综合征患者采用改良Le Fort II型截骨术,术后利用颅骨外置式牵引器进行旋转牵引,并随时调整矢状向及垂直向的量,矫正患者面形。半年后进行正颌手术,矫正咬合关系,并随访1~2 a。结果：4例患者均顺利完成整个治疗过程,无明显并发症发生。牵引过程中无明显疼痛及不适。头影测量显示,患者面中部骨骼显著前移,凹陷畸形得以矫治。经过正颌-正畸联合治疗,获得了良好的咬合关系。结论：上颌骨Le Fort II型截骨牵引可以矫治鼻上颌骨发育不足,通过正颌手术可以矫正咬合关系,两者结合是一种较为理想的治疗Binder综合征的方法。
文摘目的本研究通过主观及客观性评估方法,对上颌骨Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨上颌骨向不同方向移动后鼻腔通气功能的变化进行评估。方法将30例需要接受正颌手术治疗的患者分为2组,前移组1 3例,采用上颌骨Le Fort I型截骨前移术;非前移组:1 7例,采用上颌骨Le Fort Ⅰ型截骨上抬、后退或下降术。术前、术后3个月及术后6个月分别对研究对象进行前鼻镜及鼻声反射检查。所有研究对象术前及术后6个月均完成NOSE量表的主观性评估,采用SPSS对术前及术后的结果进行统计学分析。结果鼻声反射检测结果显示两组患者的鼻腔阻力、鼻腔容积及鼻腔最小截面积3项指标在术后3个月及6个月时均较术前有所改善,但是前后差异没有统计学意义。NOSE量表的主观性评估结果显示,两研究组于术后6个月时的评估分值即主观症状改善较术前下降,然而仅非前移组术前术后差异有统计学意义。结论上颌骨Le Fort Ⅰ型单块截骨上颌骨向不同方向移动无论从客观上还是主观上都不会对患者的鼻腔通气功能产生不良影响。同时利用客观性(鼻声反射)及主观性(NOSE量表)检测手段可以有效地对鼻腔结构及功能进行评估。
文摘目的:探讨Le Fort I型截骨术上抬上颌骨时下颌骨自动旋转中心的位置,下颌骨自动旋转中心与上颌骨上抬量、下颌骨长度和下颌平面角的关系。方法:选取25例单纯采用Le Fort I型截骨术上抬上颌骨矫治垂直向发育过度的患者,测量其术前、术后头颅定位侧位片。利用Reuleaux法测量实际下颌骨旋转中心。采用SPSS13.0软件包对ANS、PNS上抬量、下颌骨长度、MP-SN角度与下颌骨自动旋转中心进行Pearson相关和线性回归分析。结果:下颌骨自动旋转中心平均位于髁突中点下方15.64 mm,后方0.82 mm处。ANS点和PNS点上抬量、下颌骨长度与下颌骨自动旋转中心位置相关,MP-SN角度与下颌骨旋转中心垂直向位置相关。结论:下颌骨自动旋转中心位于髁突外,其与上颌骨上抬量、下颌骨长度和下颌平面角相关。
