The scientific assessment of ecosystem ser-vice value(ESV)plays a critical role in regional ecologi-cal protection and management,rational land use planning,and the establishment of ecological security barriers.The ec...The scientific assessment of ecosystem ser-vice value(ESV)plays a critical role in regional ecologi-cal protection and management,rational land use planning,and the establishment of ecological security barriers.The ecosystem service value of the Northeast Forest Belt from 2005 to 2020 was assessed,focusing on spatial–temporal changes and the driving forces behind these dynamics.Using multi-source data,the equivalent factor method,and geo-graphic detectors,we analyzed natural and socio-economic factors affecting the region.which was crucial for effective ecological conservation and land-use planning.Enhanced the effectiveness of policy formulation and land use plan-ning.The results show that the ESV of the Northeast Forest Belt exhibits an overall increasing trend from 2005 to 2020,with forests and wetlands contributing the most.However,there are significant differences between forest belts.Driven by natural and socio-economic factors,the ESV of forest belts in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces showed significant growth.In contrast,the ESV of Forest Belts in Liaoning and Inner Mongolia of China remains relatively stable,but the spatial differentiation within these regions is characterized by significant clustering of high-value and low-value areas.Furthermore,climate regulation and hydrological regulation services were identified as the most important ecological functions in the Northeast Forest Belt,contributing greatly to regional ecological stability and human well-being.The ESV in the Northeast Forest Belt is improved during the study period,but the stability of the ecosystem is still chal-lenged by the dual impacts of natural and socio-economic factors.To further optimize regional land use planning and ecological protection policies,it is recommended to prior-itize the conservation of high-ESV areas,enhance ecological restoration efforts for wetlands and forests,and reasonably control the spatial layout of urban expansion and agricul-tural development.Additionally,this study highlights the importance of tailored ecological compensation policies and strategic land-use planning to balance environmental protec-tion and economic growth.展开更多
Forests all over the world have been dramatically impacted by climate change,which has contributed to an increase in the number of pathogen invasions and the rise in the prevalence of forest diseases.This article pres...Forests all over the world have been dramatically impacted by climate change,which has contributed to an increase in the number of pathogen invasions and the rise in the prevalence of forest diseases.This article presents a systematic review that investigates the intricate relationship between climate change and the prevalence of forest diseases.The study identifies climate-related factors that drive the rising incidence of these forest diseases.Following the PRISMA guidelines,73 studies were selected and analyzed from a pool of 3,510 articles,focusing on their spatial and temporal patterns,contextual drivers,and linkages to climate change.The findings underscore the critical role of extended drought periods and rising temperatures as key factors exacerbating forest disease outbreaks.Methodologically,only 3%of the studies utilized field sampling,indicating a predominance of laboratory analysis methods at 45%.Geographically,temperate forests accounted for 78%of the studies,forest plantations 20%,and boreal forests 2%.This review highlights the pressing need for sustainable forest management practices to counteract the adverse impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems.By identifying critical climate drivers and ecological vulnerabilities,this research provides a foundation for adaptive silviculture and pathogen management strategies.展开更多
Tree growth synchrony serves as a valuable ecological indicator of forest resilience to climate stress and disturbances.However,our understanding of how increasing temperature affects tree growth synchrony during rapi...Tree growth synchrony serves as a valuable ecological indicator of forest resilience to climate stress and disturbances.However,our understanding of how increasing temperature affects tree growth synchrony during rapidly and slowly warming periods in ecosystems with varying climatic conditions remains limited.By using tree-ring data from temperate broadleaf(Fraxinus mandshurica,Phellodendron amurense,Quercus mongolica,and Juglans mandshurica)and Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)mixed forests in northeast China,we investigated the effects of climate change,particularly warming,on the growth synchrony of five dominant temperate tree species across contrasting warm-dry and cool-wet climate conditions.Results show that temperature over water availability was the primary factor driving the growth and growth synchrony of the five species.Growth synchrony was significantly higher in warm-dry than in cool-wet areas,primarily due to more uniform climate conditions and higher climate sensitivity in the former.Rapid warming from the 1960s to the 1990s significantly enhanced tree growth synchrony in both areas,followed by a marked reversal as temperatures exceeded a certain threshold or warming slowed down,particularly in the warm-dry area.The growth synchrony variation patterns of the five species were highly consistent over time,although broadleaves exhibited higher synchrony than conifers,suggesting potential risks to forest resilience and stability under future climate change scenarios.Growing season temperatures and non-growing season temperatures and precipitation had a stronger positive effect on tree growth in the cool-wet area compared to the warm-dry area.High relative humidity hindered growth in the cool-wet area but enhanced it in the warm-dry area.Overall,our study highlights that the diversity and sensitivity of climate-growth relationships directly determine spatiotemporal growth synchrony.Temperature,along with water availability,shape long-term forest dynamics by affecting tree growth and synchrony.These results provide crucial insights for forest management practice to enhance structural diversity and resilience capacity against climate changeinduced synchrony shifts.展开更多
Cultural ecosystem services(CES)provided by urban green infrastructure are essential for enhancing social well-being and resilience.Identifying and mapping CES at a local scale is crucial for informed land-use decisio...Cultural ecosystem services(CES)provided by urban green infrastructure are essential for enhancing social well-being and resilience.Identifying and mapping CES at a local scale is crucial for informed land-use decisions that align with citizens'perceptions.However,research on ecosystem services in Romania has been limited,with a notable gap in the assessment of CES provided by urban green spaces.This study is the first to focus on Băneasa Forest,the only urban forest in Bucharest,which serves as a vital recreational area for thousands of residents and visitors.For the first time in Romania,this research uses a web-based Participatory GIS survey to collect spatially referenced data.The survey,which combines questionnaires and mapping exercises,allows us to produce high-resolution CES maps based on 816 responses.The results reveal that the forest's natural characteristics are perceived as the primary contributors to CES.These findings are valuable for urban planners,as they highlight the needs and expectations of forest visitors,promote conservation efforts,and foster collaboration to prevent conflicts.Alongside factors frequently discussed in the literature,such as age and accessibility,the percentage of green space in residents'neighborhoods emerges as a significant factor influencing CES preferences.This insight presents a novel contribution to the literature,being of particular importance for urban planners and policymakers,as it underscores the need to consider not just the green space within parks and forests,but also the broader context of surrounding neighborhoods when planning for CES.Understanding that the availability of nearby green space influences residents'CES preferences can guide more effective strategies to enhance access to CES in urban areas,both in Bucharest and elsewhere.This is especially relevant in the face of climate change and other emerging challenges,which are likely to increase the demand for CES in the future.展开更多
Urban forest parks deliver a wide spectrum of ecosystem services that support biodiversity,climate regulation,and public well-being;however,their perceived value among local visitors remains underexplored in Southeast...Urban forest parks deliver a wide spectrum of ecosystem services that support biodiversity,climate regulation,and public well-being;however,their perceived value among local visitors remains underexplored in Southeast Asia.This study investigates visitor perceptions and economic valuation of ecosystem services at Mount Pulai Forest Eco Park in Johor,Malaysia.Grounded in the Total Economic Value(TEV)framework and ecosystem service theory,the research employed a structured on-site survey of 392 visitors and applied the Contingent Valuation Method(CVM)to assess awareness,appreciation,and willingness-to-pay(WTP)for forest conservation.Findings revealed that visitors highly valued regulating services,such as air purification and flood mitigation(mean≈4.3/5),and supporting services,like biodiversity(mean≈4.2/5),while provisioning services were rated lower(mean≈2.8/5).Despite limited familiarity with ecological terminology,only 33%understood the term“ecosystem services”.In contrast,a substantial majority(79.1%)expressed WTP for conservation efforts,proposing an average annual contribution of MYR 51.32.Additionally,65%of respondents supported an entry fee model,suggesting a mean payment of MYR 3.07 per visit.These results underscore the economic and non-economic value that urban residents assign to forest benefits,offering new insights into conservation finance and public engagement.The study’s innovation lies in its integration of ecosystem perception with economic valuation in an urban forest setting,providing a replicable framework for sustainable park management across Southeast Asia.展开更多
The coastal zone ecological restoration project has successfully restored a cumulative shoreline length of 76 km in Fanhe Harbor and Kaozhou Bay ecological restoration shoreline (mangrove forest) located in Huidong Co...The coastal zone ecological restoration project has successfully restored a cumulative shoreline length of 76 km in Fanhe Harbor and Kaozhou Bay ecological restoration shoreline (mangrove forest) located in Huidong County, Huizhou City. Additionally, 5 619.5 m of artificial shoreline has been developed as part of the ecological restoration efforts. Various methods, including UAV remote sensing, orthophoto acquisition, and analysis using ArcGIS software, were employed to assess the length, width, coverage, and other relevant indicators of the newly established ecologically restored shoreline. The findings indicate that the average width, coverage, and ecosystem stability of mangrove forests in the restored area satisfy the criteria for the acceptance of ecological shoreline restoration. Furthermore, a relatively stable ecosystem has been established for over two years. This study offers a scientific foundation for the ecological restoration of mangrove forests and holds considerable significance for the conservation and utilization of mangrove forest resources.展开更多
Agroforestry systems,as composite ecosystems,possess dual characteristics of both forest and agricultural ecosystems.They have been widely recognized as an important land-use approach in agriculture and play a signifi...Agroforestry systems,as composite ecosystems,possess dual characteristics of both forest and agricultural ecosystems.They have been widely recognized as an important land-use approach in agriculture and play a significant role in changing the climate.However,they also face limitations,including uncertainties related to future global climate change,land use,and land cover.This paper summarized the important role of agroforestry systems in the global carbon cycle and carbon balance from the methods and means used in the research on carbon storage and carbon balance and the research status of carbon storage and carbon balance in agroforestry ecosystems at home and abroad,and pointed out the problems that need to be paid attention to in future research.展开更多
Pueraria montana is a perennial twining vine species of Pueraria in Leguminosae.Because of its fast growth and strong climbing and covering ability,this species has the potential threat of invading forest ecosystem.Ba...Pueraria montana is a perennial twining vine species of Pueraria in Leguminosae.Because of its fast growth and strong climbing and covering ability,this species has the potential threat of invading forest ecosystem.Based on the investigation of the occurrence and harm of P.montana in the"four mountains"forest ecosystem in the central urban area of Chongqing,combined with its growth habits and biological characteristics,we comprehensively evaluated its harm risk.The results show that P.montana is widely distributed in the forest ecosystem within the"four mountains"in the central urban area of Chongqing.On average,there was a distribution site of P.montana every 1.38 km of forest road with a scale of 0.43 hm 2/survey point and a coverage of about 42.86%.P.montana mainly occupy forest land by covering and climbing,threatening the original vegetation of forest land.It grows rapidly,and its ability of diffusion and colonization is very strong.The average length of new branches was 11.52 m/year,and the number of effective tillers was 5.25.According to National Forestry Pest Risk Analysis Index System,the risk assessment value of P.montana was 2.51,so it is a medium-risk harmful plant to forestry.It is suggested that the forestry department should strengthen the management of P.montana to prevent its further spread.展开更多
Accurately forecasting ecosystem services is critical for enhancing our understanding and improving management practices within nature reserves,particularly in light of climate change,land use/cover changes,and their ...Accurately forecasting ecosystem services is critical for enhancing our understanding and improving management practices within nature reserves,particularly in light of climate change,land use/cover changes,and their complex interactions.However,existing studies often fail to fully consider vegetation response,constituting a gap in the comprehensive assessment of changes in ecosystem services.Therefore,a coupled model framework integrating climate change,land use change,and vegetation dynamics was developed to allow for the simulation of dynamic ecosystem service scenarios throughout the twenty-first century.The Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province was considered as the study area.The results showed that ecosystem services and their synergistic effects will be optimized under scenarios that emphasize strict protection of ecological lands and incorporating the SSP1-2.6 scenario.However,sustaining optimized ecosystem services poses significant challenges in scenarios characterized by resource-intensive development and ongoing climate warming,as in the SSP5-8.5 scenario.Notably,discernible variations exist in balancing and synergizing the management of ecosystem services across diverse land uses and forest types.Our study underscores the importance of integrating vegetation response into the framework of ecosystem service forecasting,which is essential for assisting nature reserves in effectively addressing the multifaceted risks associated with climate change and rapid socio-economic development.展开更多
With the popularization of microgrid construction and the connection of renewable energy sources to the power system,the problem of source and load uncertainty faced by the coordinated operation of multi-microgrid is ...With the popularization of microgrid construction and the connection of renewable energy sources to the power system,the problem of source and load uncertainty faced by the coordinated operation of multi-microgrid is becoming increasingly prominent,and the accuracy of typical scenario predictions is low.In order to improve the accuracy of scenario prediction under source and load uncertainty,this paper proposes a typical scenario identification model based on random forests and order parameters.Firstly,a method for ordinal parameter identification and quantification is provided for the coordinated operating mode of multi-microgrids,taking into account source-load uncertainty.Secondly,the dynamic change characteristics of the order parameters of the daily load curve,wind and solar curve,and load curve of typical scenarios are statistically analyzed to identify the key order parameters that have the most significant impact on the uncertainty of the load.Then,the order parameters and seasonal distribution are used as features to train a random forest classification model to achieve efficient scenario prediction.Finally,the simulation of actual data from a provincial distribution network shows that the proposed method can accurately classify typical scenarios with an accuracy rate of 92.7%.Additionally,sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess how changes in uncertainty levels affect the importance of each order parameter,allowing for adaptive uncertainty mitigation strategies.展开更多
Cultural ecosystem services(CES),which encompass recreational and aesthetic values,contribute to human wellbeing and yet are often underrepresented in forest management planning due to challenges in quantifying these ...Cultural ecosystem services(CES),which encompass recreational and aesthetic values,contribute to human wellbeing and yet are often underrepresented in forest management planning due to challenges in quantifying these services.This study introduces the Recreational and Aesthetic Values of Forested Landscapes(RAFL)index,a novel framework combining six measurable recreational and aesthetic components:Stewardship,Naturalness,Complexity,Visual Scale,Historicity,and Ephemera.The RAFL index was integrated into a Linear Programming(LP)Resource Capability Model(RCM)to assess trade-offs between CES and other ecosystem services,including timber production,wildfire resistance,and biodiversity.The approach was applied in a case study in Northern Portugal,comparing two forest management scenarios:Business as Usual(BAU),dominated by eucalyptus plantations,and an Alternative Scenario(ALT),focused on the conversion to native species:cork oak,chestnut,and pedunculate oak.Results revealed that the ALT scenario consistently achieved higher RAFL values,reflecting its potential to enhance CES,while also supporting higher biodiversity and wildfire resilience compared to the BAU scenario.Results highlighted further that management may maintain steady timber production and wildfire regulatory services while addressing concerns with CES.This study provides a replicable methodology for quantifying CES and integrating them into forest management frameworks,offering actionable insights for decision-makers.The findings highlight the effectiveness of the approach in designing landscape mosaics that provide CES while addressing the need to supply provisioning and regulatory ecosystem services.展开更多
BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence(AI)is gaining widespread traction in surgical disciplines,particularly in gastrointestinal(GI)surgery,where it offers opportunities to enhance decision-making,improve accuracy,and op...BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence(AI)is gaining widespread traction in surgical disciplines,particularly in gastrointestinal(GI)surgery,where it offers opportunities to enhance decision-making,improve accuracy,and optimize patient outcomes across the entire surgical continuum.AIM To comprehensively evaluate current AI applications in GI surgery,highlighting its role in preoperative planning,intraoperative guidance,postoperative monitoring,endoscopic diagnosis,and surgical education.METHODS This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.We searched the Web of Science Core Collection through March 31,2025 using the terms“artificial intelligence”AND“gastrointestinal surgery”.Inclusion criteria:Original,English-language,full-text articles indexed under the“Surgery”category reporting quantitative AI performance metrics in GI surgery.Exclusion criteria:Reviews,editorials,letters,conference abstracts,non-English publications,ESCI/SSCI/Index Chemicus-only papers,studies without full text,and articles outside the surgical domain.Full texts of potentially eligible studies were assessed,yielding 45 studies from an initial 955 records for qualitative and quantitative synthesis.RESULTS The included studies demonstrated that AI has superior performance compared to traditional clinical tools in areas such as risk prediction,lesion detection,nerve identification,and complication forecasting.Notably,convolutional neural networks,random forests,support vector machines,and reinforcement learning models were commonly used.AI-enhanced systems improved diagnostic accuracy,procedural safety,documentation quality,and educational feedback.However,there are several limitations,such as lack of external validation,dataset standardization,and explainability.CONCLUSION AI is transforming GI surgery from preoperative risk assessment to postoperative care and training.While many tools now match or exceed expert-level performance,successful clinical adoption requires transparent,validated models that seamlessly integrate into surgical workflows.With continued multidisciplinary collaboration,AI is positioned to become a trusted companion in surgical practice.展开更多
This study focuses on the ecosystem cultural service quality of Qu County Congren Valley Forest Park from the perspective of tourist perception.Using the Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA)questionnaire survey method...This study focuses on the ecosystem cultural service quality of Qu County Congren Valley Forest Park from the perspective of tourist perception.Using the Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA)questionnaire survey method and SPSS data analysis techniques,we systematically evaluate tourists’cognitive differences and improvement paths regarding the cultural service value of the scenic area.Based on the nonmaterial characteristics of ecosystem cultural services,combined with the unique Congren culture and natural landscape resources of Congren Valley,we designed a five-dimensional scale including natural landscape and ecological protection,cultural display and interpretation services,cultural activity participation and experience,infrastructure and supporting services,and safety management.This covers tourists’evaluations of the importance of elements such as cultural displays,interpretation systems,interactive activities,and facility support,as well as their actual satisfaction feedback.Through descriptive statistical analysis,reliability and validity testing,factor analysis,and IPA matrix analysis,we reveal the core contradictions and improvement directions perceived by tourists.The study found that the convenience of facilities such as signage,rest areas,toilets,roads,and the cleanliness of the scenic area are key areas for improvement.Additionally,different age groups perceive differences in the cultural service quality of the Congren Valley Forest Park ecosystem.The study concludes that tourists have a high level of concern for the convenience of scenic infrastructure and sanitary environment.Improving these facilities can help increase tourist satisfaction and the overall service quality of the scenic area.Simultaneously,meeting the needs of segmented markets and constructing a three-in-one service system of“deep excavation of cultural symbols–digital storytelling–immersive scenes”is recommended.展开更多
Objective To develop and evaluate an automated system for digitizing audiograms,classifying hearing loss levels,and comparing their performance with traditional methods and otolaryngologists'interpretations.Design...Objective To develop and evaluate an automated system for digitizing audiograms,classifying hearing loss levels,and comparing their performance with traditional methods and otolaryngologists'interpretations.Designed and Methods We conducted a retrospective diagnostic study using 1,959 audiogram images from patients aged 7 years and older at the Faculty of Medicine,Vajira Hospital,Navamindradhiraj University.We employed an object detection approach to digitize audiograms and developed multiple machine learning models to classify six hearing loss levels.The dataset was split into 70%training(1,407 images)and 30%testing(352 images)sets.We compared our model's performance with classifications based on manually extracted audiogram values and otolaryngologists'interpretations.Result Our object detection-based model achieved an F1-score of 94.72%in classifying hearing loss levels,comparable to the 96.43%F1-score obtained using manually extracted values.The Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LGBM)model is used as the classifier for the manually extracted data,which achieved top performance with 94.72%accuracy,94.72%f1-score,94.72 recall,and 94.72 precision.In object detection based model,The Random Forest Classifier(RFC)model showed the highest 96.43%accuracy in predicting hearing loss level,with a F1-score of 96.43%,recall of 96.43%,and precision of 96.45%.Conclusion Our proposed automated approach for audiogram digitization and hearing loss classification performs comparably to traditional methods and otolaryngologists'interpretations.This system can potentially assist otolaryngologists in providing more timely and effective treatment by quickly and accurately classifying hearing loss.展开更多
This paper cursorily introduced some ideas and approaches of ecosystem health researches. The definition and connotations of forest ecosystem health have also been expatiated. Defining forest ecosystem health has been...This paper cursorily introduced some ideas and approaches of ecosystem health researches. The definition and connotations of forest ecosystem health have also been expatiated. Defining forest ecosystem health has been discussed from the management objective approach, ecosystem approach, and integration approach. To impel the relative researches in China, more attention on the properties of a forest ecosystem should be paid.展开更多
The Dahurian larch forest in northeast China is important due to its vastness and location within a transitional zone from boreal to temperate and at the southern distribution edge of the vast Siberian larch forest. T...The Dahurian larch forest in northeast China is important due to its vastness and location within a transitional zone from boreal to temperate and at the southern distribution edge of the vast Siberian larch forest. The continuous carbon fluxes were measured from May 2004 to April 2005 in the Dahurian larch forest in Northeast China using an eddy covariance method. The results showed that the ecosystem released carbon in the dormant season from mid-October 2004 to April 2005, while it assimilated CO2 from the atmosphere in the growing season from May to September 2004. The net carbon sequestration reached its peak of 112 g.m^-2.month ^-1 in June 2004 （simplified expression of g （carbon）.m^-2.month^-1） and then gradually decreased. Annually, the larch forest was a carbon sink that sequestered carbon of 146 g-m^-2.a^-1 （simplified expression of g （carbon）.m^-2.a^-1） during the measurements. The photosynthetic process of the larch forest ecosystem was largely affected by the vapor pressure deficit （VPD） and temperature. Under humid conditions （VPD 〈 1.0 kPa）, the gross ecosystem production （GEP） increased with increasing temperature. But the net ecosystem production （NEP） showed almost no change with increasing temperature because the increment of GEP was counterbalanced by that of the ecosystem respiration. Under a dry environment （VPD 〉 1.0 kPa）, the GEP decreased with the increasing VPD at a rate of 3.0 μmol.m^-2.s^-1kPa -1 and the ecosystem respiration was also enhanced simultaneously due to the increase of air temperature, which was linearly correlated with the VPD. As a result, the net ecosystem carbon sequestration rapidly decreased with the increasing VPD at a rate of 5.2 μmol.m^-2.s-1.kPa^-1. Under humid conditions （VPD 〈 1.0 kPa）, both the GEP and NEP were obviously restricted by the low air temperature but were insensitive to the high temperature because the observed high temperature value comes within the category of the optimum range.展开更多
For technical and other reasons there is a dilemma that data providers cannot find an appropriate way to redistribute spatial forest data and data users who need spatial data cannot access and integrate available fore...For technical and other reasons there is a dilemma that data providers cannot find an appropriate way to redistribute spatial forest data and data users who need spatial data cannot access and integrate available forest resources information. To overcome this dilemma, this paper proposed a spatial forest information system based on Web service using an open source software approach. With Web service based architecture, the system can enable interoperability, integrate Web services from other application servers, reuse codes, and shorten the development time and cost. At the same time, it is possible to extend the local system to a regional or national spatial forest information system. The growth of Open Source Software （OSS） provides an alternative choice to proprietary software for operating systems, web servers, Web-based GIS applications and database management systems. Using open source software to develop spatial forest information systems can greatly reduce the cost while providing high performance and sharing spatial forest information. We chose open source software to build a prototype system for Xixia County, Henan Province, China. By integrating OSS packages Deegree and UMN MapServer which are compliant to the OGC open specifications, the prototype system enables users to access spatial forest information and travelling information of Xixia County which come from two different data servers via a standard Web browser and promotes spatial forest information sharing.展开更多
The organic carbon contents,carbon density and carbon storage of the soil in the Pinus koraiensis plantation ecosystem were investigated in Maoershan experimental forest farm,Shangzhi County,Heilongjiang,on the west s...The organic carbon contents,carbon density and carbon storage of the soil in the Pinus koraiensis plantation ecosystem were investigated in Maoershan experimental forest farm,Shangzhi County,Heilongjiang,on the west slope of the Zhangguangcai Mountains in northeastern China for providing data to evaluation of the carbon balance in forest ecosystem of northeastern China.These soil carbon indicators were measured in three forest types,pure P.koraiensis plantation,P.koraiensis and Betula platyphylla mixed forest,and the P.koraiensis and Quercus mongolica mixed forest.The soil carbon pool consisted of four compartments,namely L layer,F layer,H layer and B layer.With variance analysis,we found that both organic carbon content and carbon density of the soil were significantly affected by forest types,soil compartments and slope positions.The highest soil carbon density（278.63 Mg·ha^-1）.was observed in the mixed forest of P.koraiensis and Q.mongolica.The B layer had the highest carbon density（212.28 Mg·ha^-1） among all the soil compartments.In terms of slope position,the highest soil carbon density（394.18 Mg·ha^-1） presented in the low slope.Besides,soil carbon content and carbon density had a marked change with the organic matter content and vertical depth of the soil in each compartment.The results of this study implied that in the temperate humid region,the mixed ecosystem of regional Pinus koraiensis plantations and natural forest had relatively high carbon storage capability.展开更多
This study was to estabIish the forest resources management information system for forest farms based on the B/S structural WebGIS with trial forest farm of Hunan Academy of Forestry as the research field, forest reso...This study was to estabIish the forest resources management information system for forest farms based on the B/S structural WebGIS with trial forest farm of Hunan Academy of Forestry as the research field, forest resources field survey da-ta, ETM＋ remote sensing data and basic geographical information data as research material through the extraction of forest resource data in the forest farm, require-ment analysis on the system function and the estabIishment of required software and hardware environment, with the alm to realize the management, query, editing, analysis, statistics and other functions of forest resources information to manage the forest resources.展开更多
A new model was developed to predict forestland demand of China during the years of 2010-2050 in terms of the concept of forest ecosystem services. On the basis of the relationship between forest ecosystem services an...A new model was developed to predict forestland demand of China during the years of 2010-2050 in terms of the concept of forest ecosystem services. On the basis of the relationship between forest ecosystem services and classified forest management, we hypothesized that the ecological-forest provides ecological services, whereas commercial-forest supplies wood and timber production, and the influences of the growth of population, social-economic development target, forest management methods and the technology changes on forest resources were also taken into account. The prediction reveals that the demand of total forestland of China will be 244.8, 261.2 and 362.2 million ha by the year 2010, 2020 and 2050, respectively. The results demonstrated that China will be confronted with a shortage of forest resources, especially with lack of ecological-oriented forests, in the future. It is suggested that sustainable management of forest resources must be reinforced and more attention should be drown no enhancing the service function of forest ecosystem.展开更多
基金funded by the Central University D Project(HFW230600022)National Natural Science Foundation of China(71973021)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation Youth Funding Project(72003022)Heilongjiang Province University Think Tank Open Topic(ZKKF2022173).
文摘The scientific assessment of ecosystem ser-vice value(ESV)plays a critical role in regional ecologi-cal protection and management,rational land use planning,and the establishment of ecological security barriers.The ecosystem service value of the Northeast Forest Belt from 2005 to 2020 was assessed,focusing on spatial–temporal changes and the driving forces behind these dynamics.Using multi-source data,the equivalent factor method,and geo-graphic detectors,we analyzed natural and socio-economic factors affecting the region.which was crucial for effective ecological conservation and land-use planning.Enhanced the effectiveness of policy formulation and land use plan-ning.The results show that the ESV of the Northeast Forest Belt exhibits an overall increasing trend from 2005 to 2020,with forests and wetlands contributing the most.However,there are significant differences between forest belts.Driven by natural and socio-economic factors,the ESV of forest belts in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces showed significant growth.In contrast,the ESV of Forest Belts in Liaoning and Inner Mongolia of China remains relatively stable,but the spatial differentiation within these regions is characterized by significant clustering of high-value and low-value areas.Furthermore,climate regulation and hydrological regulation services were identified as the most important ecological functions in the Northeast Forest Belt,contributing greatly to regional ecological stability and human well-being.The ESV in the Northeast Forest Belt is improved during the study period,but the stability of the ecosystem is still chal-lenged by the dual impacts of natural and socio-economic factors.To further optimize regional land use planning and ecological protection policies,it is recommended to prior-itize the conservation of high-ESV areas,enhance ecological restoration efforts for wetlands and forests,and reasonably control the spatial layout of urban expansion and agricul-tural development.Additionally,this study highlights the importance of tailored ecological compensation policies and strategic land-use planning to balance environmental protec-tion and economic growth.
基金supported by the UKM research grant no,SK-2022-015the Peninsular Malaysia Forestry Department through the research project titled‘Prediction of Bio-Climatic Habitat Adaptation of Diseases and Pests in Selected Forest Plantation Species in Peninsular Malaysia’,grant No.PHSB-08-2020.
文摘Forests all over the world have been dramatically impacted by climate change,which has contributed to an increase in the number of pathogen invasions and the rise in the prevalence of forest diseases.This article presents a systematic review that investigates the intricate relationship between climate change and the prevalence of forest diseases.The study identifies climate-related factors that drive the rising incidence of these forest diseases.Following the PRISMA guidelines,73 studies were selected and analyzed from a pool of 3,510 articles,focusing on their spatial and temporal patterns,contextual drivers,and linkages to climate change.The findings underscore the critical role of extended drought periods and rising temperatures as key factors exacerbating forest disease outbreaks.Methodologically,only 3%of the studies utilized field sampling,indicating a predominance of laboratory analysis methods at 45%.Geographically,temperate forests accounted for 78%of the studies,forest plantations 20%,and boreal forests 2%.This review highlights the pressing need for sustainable forest management practices to counteract the adverse impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems.By identifying critical climate drivers and ecological vulnerabilities,this research provides a foundation for adaptive silviculture and pathogen management strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42107476 and 42177421)the China Postdoctoral International Exchange Fellowship Program(No.PC2021099)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2020RC2058)the China Scholarship Council(CSC,No.202206600004,to D.Yuan).
文摘Tree growth synchrony serves as a valuable ecological indicator of forest resilience to climate stress and disturbances.However,our understanding of how increasing temperature affects tree growth synchrony during rapidly and slowly warming periods in ecosystems with varying climatic conditions remains limited.By using tree-ring data from temperate broadleaf(Fraxinus mandshurica,Phellodendron amurense,Quercus mongolica,and Juglans mandshurica)and Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)mixed forests in northeast China,we investigated the effects of climate change,particularly warming,on the growth synchrony of five dominant temperate tree species across contrasting warm-dry and cool-wet climate conditions.Results show that temperature over water availability was the primary factor driving the growth and growth synchrony of the five species.Growth synchrony was significantly higher in warm-dry than in cool-wet areas,primarily due to more uniform climate conditions and higher climate sensitivity in the former.Rapid warming from the 1960s to the 1990s significantly enhanced tree growth synchrony in both areas,followed by a marked reversal as temperatures exceeded a certain threshold or warming slowed down,particularly in the warm-dry area.The growth synchrony variation patterns of the five species were highly consistent over time,although broadleaves exhibited higher synchrony than conifers,suggesting potential risks to forest resilience and stability under future climate change scenarios.Growing season temperatures and non-growing season temperatures and precipitation had a stronger positive effect on tree growth in the cool-wet area compared to the warm-dry area.High relative humidity hindered growth in the cool-wet area but enhanced it in the warm-dry area.Overall,our study highlights that the diversity and sensitivity of climate-growth relationships directly determine spatiotemporal growth synchrony.Temperature,along with water availability,shape long-term forest dynamics by affecting tree growth and synchrony.These results provide crucial insights for forest management practice to enhance structural diversity and resilience capacity against climate changeinduced synchrony shifts.
基金supported by the University of Bucharest through the“People and trees”CIVIS project.
文摘Cultural ecosystem services(CES)provided by urban green infrastructure are essential for enhancing social well-being and resilience.Identifying and mapping CES at a local scale is crucial for informed land-use decisions that align with citizens'perceptions.However,research on ecosystem services in Romania has been limited,with a notable gap in the assessment of CES provided by urban green spaces.This study is the first to focus on Băneasa Forest,the only urban forest in Bucharest,which serves as a vital recreational area for thousands of residents and visitors.For the first time in Romania,this research uses a web-based Participatory GIS survey to collect spatially referenced data.The survey,which combines questionnaires and mapping exercises,allows us to produce high-resolution CES maps based on 816 responses.The results reveal that the forest's natural characteristics are perceived as the primary contributors to CES.These findings are valuable for urban planners,as they highlight the needs and expectations of forest visitors,promote conservation efforts,and foster collaboration to prevent conflicts.Alongside factors frequently discussed in the literature,such as age and accessibility,the percentage of green space in residents'neighborhoods emerges as a significant factor influencing CES preferences.This insight presents a novel contribution to the literature,being of particular importance for urban planners and policymakers,as it underscores the need to consider not just the green space within parks and forests,but also the broader context of surrounding neighborhoods when planning for CES.Understanding that the availability of nearby green space influences residents'CES preferences can guide more effective strategies to enhance access to CES in urban areas,both in Bucharest and elsewhere.This is especially relevant in the face of climate change and other emerging challenges,which are likely to increase the demand for CES in the future.
基金funded by Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia through research grant(SK-2024-006).
文摘Urban forest parks deliver a wide spectrum of ecosystem services that support biodiversity,climate regulation,and public well-being;however,their perceived value among local visitors remains underexplored in Southeast Asia.This study investigates visitor perceptions and economic valuation of ecosystem services at Mount Pulai Forest Eco Park in Johor,Malaysia.Grounded in the Total Economic Value(TEV)framework and ecosystem service theory,the research employed a structured on-site survey of 392 visitors and applied the Contingent Valuation Method(CVM)to assess awareness,appreciation,and willingness-to-pay(WTP)for forest conservation.Findings revealed that visitors highly valued regulating services,such as air purification and flood mitigation(mean≈4.3/5),and supporting services,like biodiversity(mean≈4.2/5),while provisioning services were rated lower(mean≈2.8/5).Despite limited familiarity with ecological terminology,only 33%understood the term“ecosystem services”.In contrast,a substantial majority(79.1%)expressed WTP for conservation efforts,proposing an average annual contribution of MYR 51.32.Additionally,65%of respondents supported an entry fee model,suggesting a mean payment of MYR 3.07 per visit.These results underscore the economic and non-economic value that urban residents assign to forest benefits,offering new insights into conservation finance and public engagement.The study’s innovation lies in its integration of ecosystem perception with economic valuation in an urban forest setting,providing a replicable framework for sustainable park management across Southeast Asia.
文摘The coastal zone ecological restoration project has successfully restored a cumulative shoreline length of 76 km in Fanhe Harbor and Kaozhou Bay ecological restoration shoreline (mangrove forest) located in Huidong County, Huizhou City. Additionally, 5 619.5 m of artificial shoreline has been developed as part of the ecological restoration efforts. Various methods, including UAV remote sensing, orthophoto acquisition, and analysis using ArcGIS software, were employed to assess the length, width, coverage, and other relevant indicators of the newly established ecologically restored shoreline. The findings indicate that the average width, coverage, and ecosystem stability of mangrove forests in the restored area satisfy the criteria for the acceptance of ecological shoreline restoration. Furthermore, a relatively stable ecosystem has been established for over two years. This study offers a scientific foundation for the ecological restoration of mangrove forests and holds considerable significance for the conservation and utilization of mangrove forest resources.
文摘Agroforestry systems,as composite ecosystems,possess dual characteristics of both forest and agricultural ecosystems.They have been widely recognized as an important land-use approach in agriculture and play a significant role in changing the climate.However,they also face limitations,including uncertainties related to future global climate change,land use,and land cover.This paper summarized the important role of agroforestry systems in the global carbon cycle and carbon balance from the methods and means used in the research on carbon storage and carbon balance and the research status of carbon storage and carbon balance in agroforestry ecosystems at home and abroad,and pointed out the problems that need to be paid attention to in future research.
基金Supported by Special Project of Performance Incentive and Guidance for Scientific Research Institutions in Chongqing(cstc2022jxjl80025).
文摘Pueraria montana is a perennial twining vine species of Pueraria in Leguminosae.Because of its fast growth and strong climbing and covering ability,this species has the potential threat of invading forest ecosystem.Based on the investigation of the occurrence and harm of P.montana in the"four mountains"forest ecosystem in the central urban area of Chongqing,combined with its growth habits and biological characteristics,we comprehensively evaluated its harm risk.The results show that P.montana is widely distributed in the forest ecosystem within the"four mountains"in the central urban area of Chongqing.On average,there was a distribution site of P.montana every 1.38 km of forest road with a scale of 0.43 hm 2/survey point and a coverage of about 42.86%.P.montana mainly occupy forest land by covering and climbing,threatening the original vegetation of forest land.It grows rapidly,and its ability of diffusion and colonization is very strong.The average length of new branches was 11.52 m/year,and the number of effective tillers was 5.25.According to National Forestry Pest Risk Analysis Index System,the risk assessment value of P.montana was 2.51,so it is a medium-risk harmful plant to forestry.It is suggested that the forestry department should strengthen the management of P.montana to prevent its further spread.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32160292, 32471681, and 32201575)Jiangxi “Double Thousand Plan”(jxsq2020101080)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20224BAB205008, 20224BAB213033, and 20242BAB2538)Jiangxi Province Science and Technology+Water Resources” Joint Plan Project (2023KSG01001 and 2022KSG01010)
文摘Accurately forecasting ecosystem services is critical for enhancing our understanding and improving management practices within nature reserves,particularly in light of climate change,land use/cover changes,and their complex interactions.However,existing studies often fail to fully consider vegetation response,constituting a gap in the comprehensive assessment of changes in ecosystem services.Therefore,a coupled model framework integrating climate change,land use change,and vegetation dynamics was developed to allow for the simulation of dynamic ecosystem service scenarios throughout the twenty-first century.The Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province was considered as the study area.The results showed that ecosystem services and their synergistic effects will be optimized under scenarios that emphasize strict protection of ecological lands and incorporating the SSP1-2.6 scenario.However,sustaining optimized ecosystem services poses significant challenges in scenarios characterized by resource-intensive development and ongoing climate warming,as in the SSP5-8.5 scenario.Notably,discernible variations exist in balancing and synergizing the management of ecosystem services across diverse land uses and forest types.Our study underscores the importance of integrating vegetation response into the framework of ecosystem service forecasting,which is essential for assisting nature reserves in effectively addressing the multifaceted risks associated with climate change and rapid socio-economic development.
基金supported by Science and Technology Project Managed by the State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.,Ltd.(No.J2024163).
文摘With the popularization of microgrid construction and the connection of renewable energy sources to the power system,the problem of source and load uncertainty faced by the coordinated operation of multi-microgrid is becoming increasingly prominent,and the accuracy of typical scenario predictions is low.In order to improve the accuracy of scenario prediction under source and load uncertainty,this paper proposes a typical scenario identification model based on random forests and order parameters.Firstly,a method for ordinal parameter identification and quantification is provided for the coordinated operating mode of multi-microgrids,taking into account source-load uncertainty.Secondly,the dynamic change characteristics of the order parameters of the daily load curve,wind and solar curve,and load curve of typical scenarios are statistically analyzed to identify the key order parameters that have the most significant impact on the uncertainty of the load.Then,the order parameters and seasonal distribution are used as features to train a random forest classification model to achieve efficient scenario prediction.Finally,the simulation of actual data from a provincial distribution network shows that the proposed method can accurately classify typical scenarios with an accuracy rate of 92.7%.Additionally,sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess how changes in uncertainty levels affect the importance of each order parameter,allowing for adaptive uncertainty mitigation strategies.
基金supported by the Forest Research Centre,a research unit funded by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia I.P.(FCT),Portugal(UIDB/00239/2020)the Associated Laboratory TERRA(LA/P/0092/2020)+4 种基金Additional funding was provided through the Ph.D.grant awarded to Dagm Abate(UI/BD/151525/2021)by two key projects:H2020-MSCA-RISE-2020/101007950,titled“DecisionES-Decision Support for the Supply of Ecosystem Services under Global Change,”funded by the Marie Curie International Staff Exchange Scheme,H2020-LCGD-2020-3/101037419,titled“FIRE-RES-Innovative technologies and socio-ecological economic solutions for fireresilient territories in Europe,”funded by the EU Horizon 2020—Research and Innovation Framework Programmesupported by a project MODFIRE—a multiple criteria approach to integrate wildfire behavior in forest management planning with reference PCIF/MOS/0217/2017a contract from Dr.Susete Marques in the scope of Norma Transitoria—DL57/2016/CP1382/CT15a grant from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia(FCT),Portugal to Dr.Guerra-Hernandez(CEECIND/02576/2022).
文摘Cultural ecosystem services(CES),which encompass recreational and aesthetic values,contribute to human wellbeing and yet are often underrepresented in forest management planning due to challenges in quantifying these services.This study introduces the Recreational and Aesthetic Values of Forested Landscapes(RAFL)index,a novel framework combining six measurable recreational and aesthetic components:Stewardship,Naturalness,Complexity,Visual Scale,Historicity,and Ephemera.The RAFL index was integrated into a Linear Programming(LP)Resource Capability Model(RCM)to assess trade-offs between CES and other ecosystem services,including timber production,wildfire resistance,and biodiversity.The approach was applied in a case study in Northern Portugal,comparing two forest management scenarios:Business as Usual(BAU),dominated by eucalyptus plantations,and an Alternative Scenario(ALT),focused on the conversion to native species:cork oak,chestnut,and pedunculate oak.Results revealed that the ALT scenario consistently achieved higher RAFL values,reflecting its potential to enhance CES,while also supporting higher biodiversity and wildfire resilience compared to the BAU scenario.Results highlighted further that management may maintain steady timber production and wildfire regulatory services while addressing concerns with CES.This study provides a replicable methodology for quantifying CES and integrating them into forest management frameworks,offering actionable insights for decision-makers.The findings highlight the effectiveness of the approach in designing landscape mosaics that provide CES while addressing the need to supply provisioning and regulatory ecosystem services.
文摘BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence(AI)is gaining widespread traction in surgical disciplines,particularly in gastrointestinal(GI)surgery,where it offers opportunities to enhance decision-making,improve accuracy,and optimize patient outcomes across the entire surgical continuum.AIM To comprehensively evaluate current AI applications in GI surgery,highlighting its role in preoperative planning,intraoperative guidance,postoperative monitoring,endoscopic diagnosis,and surgical education.METHODS This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.We searched the Web of Science Core Collection through March 31,2025 using the terms“artificial intelligence”AND“gastrointestinal surgery”.Inclusion criteria:Original,English-language,full-text articles indexed under the“Surgery”category reporting quantitative AI performance metrics in GI surgery.Exclusion criteria:Reviews,editorials,letters,conference abstracts,non-English publications,ESCI/SSCI/Index Chemicus-only papers,studies without full text,and articles outside the surgical domain.Full texts of potentially eligible studies were assessed,yielding 45 studies from an initial 955 records for qualitative and quantitative synthesis.RESULTS The included studies demonstrated that AI has superior performance compared to traditional clinical tools in areas such as risk prediction,lesion detection,nerve identification,and complication forecasting.Notably,convolutional neural networks,random forests,support vector machines,and reinforcement learning models were commonly used.AI-enhanced systems improved diagnostic accuracy,procedural safety,documentation quality,and educational feedback.However,there are several limitations,such as lack of external validation,dataset standardization,and explainability.CONCLUSION AI is transforming GI surgery from preoperative risk assessment to postoperative care and training.While many tools now match or exceed expert-level performance,successful clinical adoption requires transparent,validated models that seamlessly integrate into surgical workflows.With continued multidisciplinary collaboration,AI is positioned to become a trusted companion in surgical practice.
基金“Chongqing Graduate Student Scientific Research Innovation Project”(YKJCX2420813)。
文摘This study focuses on the ecosystem cultural service quality of Qu County Congren Valley Forest Park from the perspective of tourist perception.Using the Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA)questionnaire survey method and SPSS data analysis techniques,we systematically evaluate tourists’cognitive differences and improvement paths regarding the cultural service value of the scenic area.Based on the nonmaterial characteristics of ecosystem cultural services,combined with the unique Congren culture and natural landscape resources of Congren Valley,we designed a five-dimensional scale including natural landscape and ecological protection,cultural display and interpretation services,cultural activity participation and experience,infrastructure and supporting services,and safety management.This covers tourists’evaluations of the importance of elements such as cultural displays,interpretation systems,interactive activities,and facility support,as well as their actual satisfaction feedback.Through descriptive statistical analysis,reliability and validity testing,factor analysis,and IPA matrix analysis,we reveal the core contradictions and improvement directions perceived by tourists.The study found that the convenience of facilities such as signage,rest areas,toilets,roads,and the cleanliness of the scenic area are key areas for improvement.Additionally,different age groups perceive differences in the cultural service quality of the Congren Valley Forest Park ecosystem.The study concludes that tourists have a high level of concern for the convenience of scenic infrastructure and sanitary environment.Improving these facilities can help increase tourist satisfaction and the overall service quality of the scenic area.Simultaneously,meeting the needs of segmented markets and constructing a three-in-one service system of“deep excavation of cultural symbols–digital storytelling–immersive scenes”is recommended.
文摘Objective To develop and evaluate an automated system for digitizing audiograms,classifying hearing loss levels,and comparing their performance with traditional methods and otolaryngologists'interpretations.Designed and Methods We conducted a retrospective diagnostic study using 1,959 audiogram images from patients aged 7 years and older at the Faculty of Medicine,Vajira Hospital,Navamindradhiraj University.We employed an object detection approach to digitize audiograms and developed multiple machine learning models to classify six hearing loss levels.The dataset was split into 70%training(1,407 images)and 30%testing(352 images)sets.We compared our model's performance with classifications based on manually extracted audiogram values and otolaryngologists'interpretations.Result Our object detection-based model achieved an F1-score of 94.72%in classifying hearing loss levels,comparable to the 96.43%F1-score obtained using manually extracted values.The Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LGBM)model is used as the classifier for the manually extracted data,which achieved top performance with 94.72%accuracy,94.72%f1-score,94.72 recall,and 94.72 precision.In object detection based model,The Random Forest Classifier(RFC)model showed the highest 96.43%accuracy in predicting hearing loss level,with a F1-score of 96.43%,recall of 96.43%,and precision of 96.45%.Conclusion Our proposed automated approach for audiogram digitization and hearing loss classification performs comparably to traditional methods and otolaryngologists'interpretations.This system can potentially assist otolaryngologists in providing more timely and effective treatment by quickly and accurately classifying hearing loss.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30170744) Chinese Academy of Sciences (A grant KZCX2-406) and Changbai Mountain Open Research Station.
文摘This paper cursorily introduced some ideas and approaches of ecosystem health researches. The definition and connotations of forest ecosystem health have also been expatiated. Defining forest ecosystem health has been discussed from the management objective approach, ecosystem approach, and integration approach. To impel the relative researches in China, more attention on the properties of a forest ecosystem should be paid.
基金the Global Environment Research Fund,Ministry of the Environment,Japan (S-1: Integrated Study for Terrestrial Carbon Management of Asia in the 21st Century Based on Scientific Advancements)the Chinese Academy of Sciences (07W70000SZ)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30300271)the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China (2004CCA02700)
文摘The Dahurian larch forest in northeast China is important due to its vastness and location within a transitional zone from boreal to temperate and at the southern distribution edge of the vast Siberian larch forest. The continuous carbon fluxes were measured from May 2004 to April 2005 in the Dahurian larch forest in Northeast China using an eddy covariance method. The results showed that the ecosystem released carbon in the dormant season from mid-October 2004 to April 2005, while it assimilated CO2 from the atmosphere in the growing season from May to September 2004. The net carbon sequestration reached its peak of 112 g.m^-2.month ^-1 in June 2004 （simplified expression of g （carbon）.m^-2.month^-1） and then gradually decreased. Annually, the larch forest was a carbon sink that sequestered carbon of 146 g-m^-2.a^-1 （simplified expression of g （carbon）.m^-2.a^-1） during the measurements. The photosynthetic process of the larch forest ecosystem was largely affected by the vapor pressure deficit （VPD） and temperature. Under humid conditions （VPD 〈 1.0 kPa）, the gross ecosystem production （GEP） increased with increasing temperature. But the net ecosystem production （NEP） showed almost no change with increasing temperature because the increment of GEP was counterbalanced by that of the ecosystem respiration. Under a dry environment （VPD 〉 1.0 kPa）, the GEP decreased with the increasing VPD at a rate of 3.0 μmol.m^-2.s^-1kPa -1 and the ecosystem respiration was also enhanced simultaneously due to the increase of air temperature, which was linearly correlated with the VPD. As a result, the net ecosystem carbon sequestration rapidly decreased with the increasing VPD at a rate of 5.2 μmol.m^-2.s-1.kPa^-1. Under humid conditions （VPD 〈 1.0 kPa）, both the GEP and NEP were obviously restricted by the low air temperature but were insensitive to the high temperature because the observed high temperature value comes within the category of the optimum range.
基金the National 863 program (2003AA131020-06)the programme Young scientists from extra-European countries to Lower Saxony.
文摘For technical and other reasons there is a dilemma that data providers cannot find an appropriate way to redistribute spatial forest data and data users who need spatial data cannot access and integrate available forest resources information. To overcome this dilemma, this paper proposed a spatial forest information system based on Web service using an open source software approach. With Web service based architecture, the system can enable interoperability, integrate Web services from other application servers, reuse codes, and shorten the development time and cost. At the same time, it is possible to extend the local system to a regional or national spatial forest information system. The growth of Open Source Software （OSS） provides an alternative choice to proprietary software for operating systems, web servers, Web-based GIS applications and database management systems. Using open source software to develop spatial forest information systems can greatly reduce the cost while providing high performance and sharing spatial forest information. We chose open source software to build a prototype system for Xixia County, Henan Province, China. By integrating OSS packages Deegree and UMN MapServer which are compliant to the OGC open specifications, the prototype system enables users to access spatial forest information and travelling information of Xixia County which come from two different data servers via a standard Web browser and promotes spatial forest information sharing.
基金supported by National Technology Support Project (2008BAD95B10-6)
文摘The organic carbon contents,carbon density and carbon storage of the soil in the Pinus koraiensis plantation ecosystem were investigated in Maoershan experimental forest farm,Shangzhi County,Heilongjiang,on the west slope of the Zhangguangcai Mountains in northeastern China for providing data to evaluation of the carbon balance in forest ecosystem of northeastern China.These soil carbon indicators were measured in three forest types,pure P.koraiensis plantation,P.koraiensis and Betula platyphylla mixed forest,and the P.koraiensis and Quercus mongolica mixed forest.The soil carbon pool consisted of four compartments,namely L layer,F layer,H layer and B layer.With variance analysis,we found that both organic carbon content and carbon density of the soil were significantly affected by forest types,soil compartments and slope positions.The highest soil carbon density（278.63 Mg·ha^-1）.was observed in the mixed forest of P.koraiensis and Q.mongolica.The B layer had the highest carbon density（212.28 Mg·ha^-1） among all the soil compartments.In terms of slope position,the highest soil carbon density（394.18 Mg·ha^-1） presented in the low slope.Besides,soil carbon content and carbon density had a marked change with the organic matter content and vertical depth of the soil in each compartment.The results of this study implied that in the temperate humid region,the mixed ecosystem of regional Pinus koraiensis plantations and natural forest had relatively high carbon storage capability.
文摘This study was to estabIish the forest resources management information system for forest farms based on the B/S structural WebGIS with trial forest farm of Hunan Academy of Forestry as the research field, forest resources field survey da-ta, ETM＋ remote sensing data and basic geographical information data as research material through the extraction of forest resource data in the forest farm, require-ment analysis on the system function and the estabIishment of required software and hardware environment, with the alm to realize the management, query, editing, analysis, statistics and other functions of forest resources information to manage the forest resources.
基金the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (2006BAD03A09)the National Science Fund of China (40841001)
文摘A new model was developed to predict forestland demand of China during the years of 2010-2050 in terms of the concept of forest ecosystem services. On the basis of the relationship between forest ecosystem services and classified forest management, we hypothesized that the ecological-forest provides ecological services, whereas commercial-forest supplies wood and timber production, and the influences of the growth of population, social-economic development target, forest management methods and the technology changes on forest resources were also taken into account. The prediction reveals that the demand of total forestland of China will be 244.8, 261.2 and 362.2 million ha by the year 2010, 2020 and 2050, respectively. The results demonstrated that China will be confronted with a shortage of forest resources, especially with lack of ecological-oriented forests, in the future. It is suggested that sustainable management of forest resources must be reinforced and more attention should be drown no enhancing the service function of forest ecosystem.
