Background:Forefoot strike(FFS) and rearfoot strike(RFS) runners differ in their kinematics,force loading rates,and joint loading patterns,but the timing of their muscle activation is less clear.Methods:Forty recreati...Background:Forefoot strike(FFS) and rearfoot strike(RFS) runners differ in their kinematics,force loading rates,and joint loading patterns,but the timing of their muscle activation is less clear.Methods:Forty recreational and highly trained runners ran at four speeds barefoot and shod on a motorized treadmill. "Barefoot" runners wore thin,five-toed socks and shod runners wore neutral running shoes.Subjects were instructed to run comfortably at each speed with no instructions about foot strike patterns.Results:Eleven runners landed with an FFS when barefoot and shod and eleven runners landed with an RFS when barefoot and shod.The 18remaining runners shifted from an FFS when barefoot to an RFS when shod(shifters).Shod shifters ran with a lower stride frequency and greater stride length than all other runners.All FFS runners landed with more plantarflexed ankles and more vertical lower legs at the beginning of stance compared to RFS runners.FFS runners activated their plantarflexor muscles 1 1%earlier and 10%longer than RFS runners.Conclusion:This earlier and longer relative activation of the plantarrlexors likely enhances the capacity for the passive structures of the foot and ankle to store elastic energy,and may also enhance the performance of the active muscle by increasing the storage of elastic strain energy in the cross-bridaes and activated thin.展开更多
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of different types of skin flap transplantation in repairing forefoot lesion.Methods From January 2016 to June 2019,62 patients with forefoot damage were selected and their...Objective To investigate the clinical effect of different types of skin flap transplantation in repairing forefoot lesion.Methods From January 2016 to June 2019,62 patients with forefoot damage were selected and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.All the selected patients received skin flap transplantation and repair,of which 26 patients received free myocutaneous flap transplantation and repair,and were treated as group A.The other 36 patients underwent retrograde foot flap transplantation and repair.They were taken as group B,and the clinical treatment methods and curative effects were summarized.Results Among the 26 patients in group A,the skin flaps of 21 patients survived completely,while those of the other 5 patients showed partial necrosis at the edge of the skin flaps.They were treated with free skin grafting and healed after regular dressing change.All the skin flaps survived.Follow-up for at least 6 months showed that 11 patients had mild claudication and skin flap sensation was slightly poor.Among the 36 patients in group B,only 2 cases suffered from distal partial necrosis after the operation,which was caused by large tension after dorsum pedis flap transplantation.After systematic treatment and regular dressing change by doctors,the flaps of 2 patients healed.In addition,venous reflux disorder occurred in 3 patients with medial saphenous nerve nutrient vessel flap of the foot,which was related to swelling factors.The flaps of other patients survived,healed well and did not show infection symptoms.Conclusion According to the actual condition of patients with forefoot damage,the flap repair method is formulated,which has good short-term and long-term therapeutic effects and plays an important role in repairing forefoot damage.展开更多
A minimally invasive surgical technique (MIS) is any procedure that could be less invasive than open surgery used for the same purpose. Though MIS often involves small incisions or percutaneous approaches, its main go...A minimally invasive surgical technique (MIS) is any procedure that could be less invasive than open surgery used for the same purpose. Though MIS often involves small incisions or percutaneous approaches, its main goal is to achieve good therapeutic results with the least damage to functional anatomic structures. Minimal invasiveness in orthopaedic forefoot surgery, including first ray and lesser toes, with its growth over the last two decade, showed many advantages and good outcomes with the aim to obtain fewer complications due to a contained approach, shorter surgical time and exposure, lesser post-operative risk of infection, lesser pain, hospitalization and post-operative recovery time, compared with traditional open approaches. This appears particularly true for what concerns hallux valgus surgical correction. MIS techniques have proven in the literature to be reliable, providing today comparable results with traditional open approaches.展开更多
The Kirschner wires (K-wires) are stiff and straight wires made of smooth stainless steel. These are used in surgery to aid in repairing the process of a fractured bone. In forefoot elective surgeries, these pins are ...The Kirschner wires (K-wires) are stiff and straight wires made of smooth stainless steel. These are used in surgery to aid in repairing the process of a fractured bone. In forefoot elective surgeries, these pins are mostly used for fixation of the phalangeal or metatarsal area. These wires are usually either buried or exposed, The exposed wires do not require another operation to remove them and are generally preferred. In using the forefoot surgery history of a single surgeon which was taken for 3 years<span>.</span><span> The purpose of this study is to evaluate the occurrence of infections following elective surgeries of the forefoot that were fixed using k-pins and to indicate an effective treatment option for resolving the infection. The inclusion criteria set for this study was to remove any patient having any disease except for diabetes. Moreover, the age limit was set to be 18</span><span> </span><span>-</span><span> </span><span>44, making a final sample of 50 people, prescribed prophylactic antibiotics or early removal of k-pins, where necessary. The researcher recorded demographic and biological data from the patients such as age, BMI, and smoking status were recorded. The researcher conducted a Univariate analysis via a Chi-square test. 50</span><b><span> </span></b><span>Patients (82 K-wires) were analyzed. Results showed that surgery type, BMI, and smoking were three variables that affect the infection growth significantly while diabetes and type of cleaning disinfectant had marginal effects. Further study is required to clarify the best treatments in this area, as the treatment option antibiotics have nearly similar results.</span>展开更多
目的:比较类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)前足畸形重建术第5跖骨头切除成形与不切除的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2015年5月至2019年1月收治的50例(76足)女性RA致前足中重度畸形患者,依据第5跖趾关节退变情况,行RA前足重建第5...目的:比较类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)前足畸形重建术第5跖骨头切除成形与不切除的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2015年5月至2019年1月收治的50例(76足)女性RA致前足中重度畸形患者,依据第5跖趾关节退变情况,行RA前足重建第5跖骨头保留或切除术,分为第5跖骨头保留组(保留组)和第5跖骨头切除组(切除组)。保留组24例,年龄47~81(60.37±8.60)岁;病程13~22(19.00±3.06)年;身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)21~28(23.53±2.47)kg·m-2;中度拇外翻畸形6例(6足),重度拇外翻畸形18例(30足);采用第1跖趾关节融合联合第2-4跖趾关节成形及第5跖趾关节清理术治疗。切除组26例,年龄30~80(58.53±13.70)岁;病程8~25(17.94±3.92)年;BMI为20~28(24.60±2.03)kg·m-2;中度拇外翻畸形4例(4足),重度拇外翻畸形22例(36足);采用第1跖趾关节融合联合2-5跖趾关节跖骨头切除成形术治疗。观察并比较两组手术时间、术后并发症情况,比较术前和末次随访时拇外翻角(hallux valgus angle,HVA),第1-2跖骨间角(intermetatarsal angles between the first and the second metatarsals,IMAFS),第1-5跖骨间角(intermetatarsal angles between the first and the fifth metatarsals,IMAFF)变化情况,并采用日本足踝外科协会(Japanese Society for Surgery of Foot,JSSF)评价临床疗效。结果:50例均获得随访,切除组随访时间为14~46(25.30±8.83)个月;保留组随访时间为12~48(24.30±11.12)个月,两组随访时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组手术时间、术后并发症比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。切除组JSSF评分、HVA、IMAFS、IMAFF分别由术前的(45.09±3.35)分、(38.90±13.67)°、(12.88±1.72)°、(32.50±2.99)°改善至末次随访时的(81.60±3.27)分、(15.40±0.96)°、(9.06±2.27)°、(22.20±1.98)°(P<0.05);保留组分别由(47.09±3.96)分、(43.30±12.65)°、(13.99±3.13)°、(33.20±6.14)°改善至(83.10±3.66)分、(15.20±1.54)°、(8.99±1.02)°、(24.70±1.88)°。两组间术前及末次随访时JSSF评分、HVA、IMAFS、IMAFF比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。末次随访时,两组JSSF评分中疼痛、畸形比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:无论是类风湿前足重建术还是前足重建第5跖趾关节清理术,术后临床疗效及影像学结果均明显改善。对比类风湿前足重建术,类风湿前足重建第5跖趾关节清理术治疗类风湿前足中重度畸形,疼痛改善明显,但畸形改善较差。对于类风湿引起的前足中重度畸形,第5跖趾头关节面轻中度退变畸形的患者可考虑使用。展开更多
Background: Since we are very successful in the operation of hallux valgus using a transverse sub-capital osteotomy fixated with an intramedullary angle-stable locking plate, and a tailors bunion is understood as a re...Background: Since we are very successful in the operation of hallux valgus using a transverse sub-capital osteotomy fixated with an intramedullary angle-stable locking plate, and a tailors bunion is understood as a reversed hallux valgus, we have applied the operation also for such indication. Method: The osteotomy was carried out at a straight V. metatarsal subcapitally, and in case of an outwardly curved V. metatarsal at the bending location. The intramedullary plates are available in different designs and the plate and screws disappear completely in the bone, so the soft tissues are not disturbed. The head of the plate is either straight or curved in order to shift the distal fragment sufficiently. Results: 26 patients were operated within a period of 5 years (2008-2012). 21 patients were followed up after an average of 34.4 months. The IM angle IV/V could be improved by an average of 11.76 to an average of 4.10. This is a highliy significant pre- to postoperative difference of 7.66 (t = 15.07, p < 0.001). The AOFAS score was improved by an average of 42.24 points from 55.76 points preoperatively to 98.00 points postoperative. There was no pseudo-arthrosis and no wound healing impairment. All patients were either satisfied or very satisfied with the surgery. Conclusion: This method does not have the disadvantages of the other common operations of the Tailors bunion and is applied now as a standard method in this deformity.展开更多
基金the Purves Summer Research AwardSherman Fairchild Foundation+1 种基金National Science Foundation (NSF-0634592)Howard Hughes Medical Institute Undergraduate Science Program award 52006301 to Harvey Mudd College
文摘Background:Forefoot strike(FFS) and rearfoot strike(RFS) runners differ in their kinematics,force loading rates,and joint loading patterns,but the timing of their muscle activation is less clear.Methods:Forty recreational and highly trained runners ran at four speeds barefoot and shod on a motorized treadmill. "Barefoot" runners wore thin,five-toed socks and shod runners wore neutral running shoes.Subjects were instructed to run comfortably at each speed with no instructions about foot strike patterns.Results:Eleven runners landed with an FFS when barefoot and shod and eleven runners landed with an RFS when barefoot and shod.The 18remaining runners shifted from an FFS when barefoot to an RFS when shod(shifters).Shod shifters ran with a lower stride frequency and greater stride length than all other runners.All FFS runners landed with more plantarflexed ankles and more vertical lower legs at the beginning of stance compared to RFS runners.FFS runners activated their plantarflexor muscles 1 1%earlier and 10%longer than RFS runners.Conclusion:This earlier and longer relative activation of the plantarrlexors likely enhances the capacity for the passive structures of the foot and ankle to store elastic energy,and may also enhance the performance of the active muscle by increasing the storage of elastic strain energy in the cross-bridaes and activated thin.
文摘Objective To investigate the clinical effect of different types of skin flap transplantation in repairing forefoot lesion.Methods From January 2016 to June 2019,62 patients with forefoot damage were selected and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.All the selected patients received skin flap transplantation and repair,of which 26 patients received free myocutaneous flap transplantation and repair,and were treated as group A.The other 36 patients underwent retrograde foot flap transplantation and repair.They were taken as group B,and the clinical treatment methods and curative effects were summarized.Results Among the 26 patients in group A,the skin flaps of 21 patients survived completely,while those of the other 5 patients showed partial necrosis at the edge of the skin flaps.They were treated with free skin grafting and healed after regular dressing change.All the skin flaps survived.Follow-up for at least 6 months showed that 11 patients had mild claudication and skin flap sensation was slightly poor.Among the 36 patients in group B,only 2 cases suffered from distal partial necrosis after the operation,which was caused by large tension after dorsum pedis flap transplantation.After systematic treatment and regular dressing change by doctors,the flaps of 2 patients healed.In addition,venous reflux disorder occurred in 3 patients with medial saphenous nerve nutrient vessel flap of the foot,which was related to swelling factors.The flaps of other patients survived,healed well and did not show infection symptoms.Conclusion According to the actual condition of patients with forefoot damage,the flap repair method is formulated,which has good short-term and long-term therapeutic effects and plays an important role in repairing forefoot damage.
文摘A minimally invasive surgical technique (MIS) is any procedure that could be less invasive than open surgery used for the same purpose. Though MIS often involves small incisions or percutaneous approaches, its main goal is to achieve good therapeutic results with the least damage to functional anatomic structures. Minimal invasiveness in orthopaedic forefoot surgery, including first ray and lesser toes, with its growth over the last two decade, showed many advantages and good outcomes with the aim to obtain fewer complications due to a contained approach, shorter surgical time and exposure, lesser post-operative risk of infection, lesser pain, hospitalization and post-operative recovery time, compared with traditional open approaches. This appears particularly true for what concerns hallux valgus surgical correction. MIS techniques have proven in the literature to be reliable, providing today comparable results with traditional open approaches.
文摘The Kirschner wires (K-wires) are stiff and straight wires made of smooth stainless steel. These are used in surgery to aid in repairing the process of a fractured bone. In forefoot elective surgeries, these pins are mostly used for fixation of the phalangeal or metatarsal area. These wires are usually either buried or exposed, The exposed wires do not require another operation to remove them and are generally preferred. In using the forefoot surgery history of a single surgeon which was taken for 3 years<span>.</span><span> The purpose of this study is to evaluate the occurrence of infections following elective surgeries of the forefoot that were fixed using k-pins and to indicate an effective treatment option for resolving the infection. The inclusion criteria set for this study was to remove any patient having any disease except for diabetes. Moreover, the age limit was set to be 18</span><span> </span><span>-</span><span> </span><span>44, making a final sample of 50 people, prescribed prophylactic antibiotics or early removal of k-pins, where necessary. The researcher recorded demographic and biological data from the patients such as age, BMI, and smoking status were recorded. The researcher conducted a Univariate analysis via a Chi-square test. 50</span><b><span> </span></b><span>Patients (82 K-wires) were analyzed. Results showed that surgery type, BMI, and smoking were three variables that affect the infection growth significantly while diabetes and type of cleaning disinfectant had marginal effects. Further study is required to clarify the best treatments in this area, as the treatment option antibiotics have nearly similar results.</span>
文摘目的:比较类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)前足畸形重建术第5跖骨头切除成形与不切除的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2015年5月至2019年1月收治的50例(76足)女性RA致前足中重度畸形患者,依据第5跖趾关节退变情况,行RA前足重建第5跖骨头保留或切除术,分为第5跖骨头保留组(保留组)和第5跖骨头切除组(切除组)。保留组24例,年龄47~81(60.37±8.60)岁;病程13~22(19.00±3.06)年;身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)21~28(23.53±2.47)kg·m-2;中度拇外翻畸形6例(6足),重度拇外翻畸形18例(30足);采用第1跖趾关节融合联合第2-4跖趾关节成形及第5跖趾关节清理术治疗。切除组26例,年龄30~80(58.53±13.70)岁;病程8~25(17.94±3.92)年;BMI为20~28(24.60±2.03)kg·m-2;中度拇外翻畸形4例(4足),重度拇外翻畸形22例(36足);采用第1跖趾关节融合联合2-5跖趾关节跖骨头切除成形术治疗。观察并比较两组手术时间、术后并发症情况,比较术前和末次随访时拇外翻角(hallux valgus angle,HVA),第1-2跖骨间角(intermetatarsal angles between the first and the second metatarsals,IMAFS),第1-5跖骨间角(intermetatarsal angles between the first and the fifth metatarsals,IMAFF)变化情况,并采用日本足踝外科协会(Japanese Society for Surgery of Foot,JSSF)评价临床疗效。结果:50例均获得随访,切除组随访时间为14~46(25.30±8.83)个月;保留组随访时间为12~48(24.30±11.12)个月,两组随访时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组手术时间、术后并发症比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。切除组JSSF评分、HVA、IMAFS、IMAFF分别由术前的(45.09±3.35)分、(38.90±13.67)°、(12.88±1.72)°、(32.50±2.99)°改善至末次随访时的(81.60±3.27)分、(15.40±0.96)°、(9.06±2.27)°、(22.20±1.98)°(P<0.05);保留组分别由(47.09±3.96)分、(43.30±12.65)°、(13.99±3.13)°、(33.20±6.14)°改善至(83.10±3.66)分、(15.20±1.54)°、(8.99±1.02)°、(24.70±1.88)°。两组间术前及末次随访时JSSF评分、HVA、IMAFS、IMAFF比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。末次随访时,两组JSSF评分中疼痛、畸形比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:无论是类风湿前足重建术还是前足重建第5跖趾关节清理术,术后临床疗效及影像学结果均明显改善。对比类风湿前足重建术,类风湿前足重建第5跖趾关节清理术治疗类风湿前足中重度畸形,疼痛改善明显,但畸形改善较差。对于类风湿引起的前足中重度畸形,第5跖趾头关节面轻中度退变畸形的患者可考虑使用。
文摘Background: Since we are very successful in the operation of hallux valgus using a transverse sub-capital osteotomy fixated with an intramedullary angle-stable locking plate, and a tailors bunion is understood as a reversed hallux valgus, we have applied the operation also for such indication. Method: The osteotomy was carried out at a straight V. metatarsal subcapitally, and in case of an outwardly curved V. metatarsal at the bending location. The intramedullary plates are available in different designs and the plate and screws disappear completely in the bone, so the soft tissues are not disturbed. The head of the plate is either straight or curved in order to shift the distal fragment sufficiently. Results: 26 patients were operated within a period of 5 years (2008-2012). 21 patients were followed up after an average of 34.4 months. The IM angle IV/V could be improved by an average of 11.76 to an average of 4.10. This is a highliy significant pre- to postoperative difference of 7.66 (t = 15.07, p < 0.001). The AOFAS score was improved by an average of 42.24 points from 55.76 points preoperatively to 98.00 points postoperative. There was no pseudo-arthrosis and no wound healing impairment. All patients were either satisfied or very satisfied with the surgery. Conclusion: This method does not have the disadvantages of the other common operations of the Tailors bunion and is applied now as a standard method in this deformity.
