There was organized a 2×2 factorial type experience in which it has been aimed the influence of forage/concentrates ratio and the effect of supplementing the ratio with full fat soya by-pass （FFS） on the produc...There was organized a 2×2 factorial type experience in which it has been aimed the influence of forage/concentrates ratio and the effect of supplementing the ratio with full fat soya by-pass （FFS） on the production performance and carcass fatty acid profile of fattening lambs. 32 Tsigai lambs were divided into 4 groups and were fed with 2 different diets regarding the forage/concentrates ratio （35/65 and 65/35, on a DM basis）, containing or not 5% FFS （full fat soya treated with formaldehyde 12.5%）. Including FFS in diet and the ratios rich in concentrates determined a significant improvement in weight gain （P〈0.01）, in the degree of food recovery and in fatty acid profile from the carcass. It has been significantly increased （P〈0.01） the weight of polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFA） from intramuscular fat （longissimus dorsi-LD and femoral biceps-FB） and the deposit fat （subcutaneous-SC and perirenal-PR） and decreased the proportion of saturated （SFA） and monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA）. Most significant differences were recorded about PUFA from Omega-3 series （C18：3 n-3, EPA C22：3 n-3, DPA and DHA） and CLA isomers （conjugated linolenic acid： C 18：2 C9, tl I＋C 18：2 t10, C 12）. The best profile of fatty acids, considered in light of the influence on human health （high concentration of Omega 3 fatty acids and CLA and low in SFA） was established in LD, for lambs fed with diets high in concentrates and which contained FFS （HC/S）.展开更多
The practical application of lithium metal batteries(LMBs)requires electrolytes that simultaneously ensure high safety and interfacial stability.Although locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes(LCILEs)exhibit e...The practical application of lithium metal batteries(LMBs)requires electrolytes that simultaneously ensure high safety and interfacial stability.Although locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes(LCILEs)exhibit exceptional electrochemical stability and compatibility with electrode electrolyte interfaces(EEIs),two major challenges persist:(i)safety risks caused by excessive low-flash-point diluents,and(ii)insufficient understanding of how diluents modulate solvation structures.Herein,we introduce a low-diluent-content LCILE system composed of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)salt,N-methyl-N-propyl-pyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(Pyr_(13)FSI)ionic liquid,and trifluoromethanesulfonate(TFS)diluent.The TFS diluent strengthens ion-ion interactions by lowering the dielectric constant of the electrolyte,resulting in the formation of a unique nanometric anion aggregates(N-AGGs)reinforced solvation structure.These large anionic clusters exhibit accelerated redox decomposition kinetics,facilitating the rapid formation of a thin,dense,and low-impedance EEI.Consequently,the Li/LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)coin cell achieves 87.8%capacity retention over 300 cycles at 4.3 V,while a practical 1.4 Ah Li/NCM622 pouch cell retains 84.5%capacity after 80 cycles at 4.5 V.Furthermore,the electrolyte demonstrates exceptional safety,and 2 Ah Li metal pouch cells successfully pass rigorous nail penetration tests without any ignition or explosion.This work not only provides a design strategy for intrinsically safe and high-performance electrolytes but also highlights the critical role of anion cluster decomposition kinetics in shaping EEI formation.展开更多
In this paper,we propose and analyze two second-order accurate finite difference schemes for the one-dimensional heat equation with concentrated capacity on a computa-tional domain=[a,b].We first transform the target ...In this paper,we propose and analyze two second-order accurate finite difference schemes for the one-dimensional heat equation with concentrated capacity on a computa-tional domain=[a,b].We first transform the target equation into the standard heat equation on the domain excluding the singular point equipped with an inner interface matching(IIM)condition on the singular point x=ξ∈(a,b),then adopt Taylor’s ex-pansion to approximate the IIM condition at the singular point and apply second-order finite difference method to approximate the standard heat equation at the nonsingular points.This discrete procedure allows us to choose different grid sizes to partition the two sub-domains[a,ξ]and[ξ,b],which ensures that x=ξ is a grid point,and hence the pro-posed schemes can be generalized to the heat equation with more than one concentrated capacities.We prove that the two proposed schemes are uniquely solvable.And through in-depth analysis of the local truncation errors,we rigorously prove that the two schemes are second-order accurate both in temporal and spatial directions in the maximum norm without any constraint on the grid ratio.Numerical experiments are carried out to verify our theoretical conclusions.展开更多
Twenty-eight male, weaned Chinese Holstein calves（（156.8±33.4） kg） were used to investigate the effects of dietary forage to concentrate ratio（F：C） and forage length on nutrient digestibility, plasma metab...Twenty-eight male, weaned Chinese Holstein calves（（156.8±33.4） kg） were used to investigate the effects of dietary forage to concentrate ratio（F：C） and forage length on nutrient digestibility, plasma metabolites, ruminal fermentation, and fecal microflora. Animals were randomly allocated to four treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement： whole-length forage（WL） with low F：C（50：50）; WL with high F：C（65：35）; short-length forage（SL） with high F：C（65：35）; and SL with low F：C（50：50）. Chinese wildrye was used as the only forage source in this trial. The grass in the SL treatments was chopped using a chaff cutter to achieve small particle size（-50% particles 〉19 mm）. Dry matter intake（DMI） and organic matter（OM） intake was increased by increasing both F：C（P〈0.01） and forage length（FL）（P〈0.05）, while acid detergent fiber（ADF） and neutral detergent fiber（NDF） intakes were only increased by increasing the F：C（P〈0.01）. The digestibility of NDF was increased as the FL increased（P〈0.01）, and it was also affected by interaction between F：C and FL（P〈0.05）. Cholesterol（CHO）（P〈0.01）, leptin（LP）（P〈0.05）, and growth hormone（GH）（P〈0.01） concentrations in plasma were increased as dietary F：C increased. A significant increase in plasma triglyceride（TG）（P〈0.01）, insulin（INS）（P〈0.05）, and GH（P〈0.01） levels was observed with decreasing dietary FL. Ruminal p H values of calves fed with low F：C diets were significantly lower than those in high F：C treatment（P〈0.05）. Increasing the F：C enhanced ruminal acetic acid（P〈0.05） and acetic acid/propionic acid（P〈0.01）. Fecal Lactobacillus content was significantly higher, while Escherichia coli and Salmonella contents were significantly lower in WL and high F：C groups（P〈0.05）. Lower fecal scores（higher diarrhea rate） were observed in calves fed with SL hay compared to WL hay（P〈0.05）. Denatured gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE） bands and richness index（S） were significantly affected by the interaction between F：C and FL（P〈0.05）, under high F：C, band numbers and richness index from WL group were higher than that from SL group（P〈0.05）, whereas there were no differences between WL andSL groups under low F：C（P〉0.05）. Microflora similarity was 50–73% among the different treatments. It is concluded that the WL with high F：C（65：35） diet is suitable for weaned calves.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to investigate the effects of dietary concentrate to forage ratios on production performance and serum bio-chemical indicators of post-fattening Hainan Yellow Cattle.[Method]Sixteen Hainan Yel...[Objective]The paper was to investigate the effects of dietary concentrate to forage ratios on production performance and serum bio-chemical indicators of post-fattening Hainan Yellow Cattle.[Method]Sixteen Hainan Yellow Cattles with the same genetic backgrounds and similar initial weight of(242.22 ±0.71 kg) were randomly divided into four treatments.Cattles were fed with diets of different concentrate to forage ratios(20:80, group Ⅰ;30:70, Group Ⅱ;40:60, group Ⅲ;50:50, group Ⅳ).The trial lasted 62 d.[Result]The daily gain in experimental group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in experimental group Ⅱ(P<0.05), but the feed gain ratio in experimental group Ⅳ was lower than those in other ex-perimental groups(P>0.05).The feed intake in experimental group Ⅳ was also markedly higher than those in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P<0.05).Compared with the experimental group Ⅱ, the gross profit of experimental group Ⅳ was significantly promoted(P<0.05).The alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in experimental group Ⅱ were markedly higher than those in experimental groups Ⅰ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ.[Conclusion]When the dietary concentrate to forage ratios was 50∶50, the production performance of post-fattening Hainan Yellow Cattle was better.展开更多
Live yeast（Saccharomyces cerevisiae） constitutes an effective additive for animal production;its probiotic effect may be related to the concentrate-to-forage ratio（CTFR）.The objective of this study was to assess t...Live yeast（Saccharomyces cerevisiae） constitutes an effective additive for animal production;its probiotic effect may be related to the concentrate-to-forage ratio（CTFR）.The objective of this study was to assess the effects of S.cerevisiae（SC） on fiber degradation and rumen microbial populations in steers fed diets with different levels of dietary concentrate.Ten Simmental × Local crossbred steers（450 ± 50 kg BW） were assigned to a control group or an SC group.Both groups were fed the same basal diet but the SC group received SC supplementation（8 × 10^9 cfu/h/d through the ruminal fistula）following a two-period crossover design.Each period consisted of four phases,each of which lasted 17 d：10 d for dietary adaptation,6 d for degradation study,and 1 d for rumen sample collection.From the 1^（st） to the 4^（th） phase,steers were fed in a stepwise fashion with increasing CTFRs,i.e.,30：70,50：50,70：30,and 90：10.The kinetics of dry matter and fiber degradation of alfalfa pellets were evaluated;the rumen microbial populations were detected using real-time PCR.The results revealed no significant（P〉 0.05） interactions between dietary CTFR and SC for most parameters.Dietary CTFR had a significant effect（P〈 0.01） on degradation characteristics of alfalfa pellets and the copies of rumen microorganism;the increasing concentrate level resulted in linear,quadratic or cubic variation trend for these parameters.SC supplementation significantly（P〈 0.05） affected dry matter（DM） and neutral detergent fiber（NDF）degradation rates（c_（DM）,c_（NDF）） and NDF effective degradability（ED_（NDF））.Compared with the control group,there was an increasing trend of rumen fungi and protozoa in SC group（P 〈 0.1）;copies of total bacteria in SC group were significantly higher（P〈 0.05）.Additionally,percentage of Ruminobacter amylophilus was significantly lower（P〈 0.05）but percentage of Selenomonas ruminantium was significantly higher（P〈 0.05） in the SC group.In a word,dietary CTFR had a significant effect on degradation characteristics of forage and rumen microbial population.S.cerevisiae had positive effects on DM and NDF degradation rate or effective degradability of forage;S.cerevisiae increased rumen total bacteria,fungi,protozoa,and lactate-utilizing bacteria but reduced starch-degrading and lactate-producing bacteria.展开更多
[ Objective] To investigate the effects of concentrate/roughage ratios and nitrogen levels on in-vitro rumen fermentation of urea-treating corn stalk. [ Method] The concentrate/roughage ratios were 7： 3, 5：5 and 3：...[ Objective] To investigate the effects of concentrate/roughage ratios and nitrogen levels on in-vitro rumen fermentation of urea-treating corn stalk. [ Method] The concentrate/roughage ratios were 7： 3, 5：5 and 3： 7. The crude protein levels were 11% and 14%. The in-vitro culture time was 2, 4, 6 and 48 h. [ Result] The pH value of broth decreased significantly with the decline in the proportion of roughage （ P 〈 0.01 ） and with the increase in the crude protein levels （P 〈 0.05）. The ammonium nitrogen concentration and acetic acid/propionic acid ratio of the fermen- ted products decreased with the increase in the crude protein levels and proportion of concentrate in diet. The diet with concentrate/roughage ratio of 5：5 and crude protein level of 14% had significantly higher digestibility of dry matter and organic matter than other diets （ P 〈 0.05）. The digesti- bility of organic matter increased gradually with the increasing proportion of concentrate and crude protein level. With the increase in the proportion of concentrate, the microbial protein levels increased remarkably, while the acetic acid/propionic acid ratio declined. [ Conclusion] The concentrate/ roughage ratios and nitrogen levels affect rumen fermentation and microbial growth during in-vitro culture. However, the best supplementary feeding results of urea-treatinq corn stalks can be obtained when the concentrate/rouahaae ratio is below 5：5 and the crude protein level is 14%.展开更多
Grain soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.)shows potential as a forage crop following its introduction from low to high latitudes due to in its growth phenotype.However,the application of this approach is impeded by the diver...Grain soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.)shows potential as a forage crop following its introduction from low to high latitudes due to in its growth phenotype.However,the application of this approach is impeded by the diverse ecological types of soybean,their adaptability to the introduction,and the uncertainty surrounding the growth phenotype post-introduction.This study introduced 24 grain soybean varieties from low-latitude regions(22-31°N)to the high-latitude northwestern Loess Plateau(39°N)between 2018 and 2019.The growth phenotypes were observed,and their forage productivity potential was assessed.All varieties displayed delayed flowering following cross-latitude introduction,with the vegetative growth phase of some varieties even exceeding their entire growth duration at their origin.Rapid dry matter accumulation rates indicated growth adaptation performance and formed the basis for soybean forage yield.Varieties from the tropical South China region exhibited significant yield advantages,with dry matter yields of 8.97-14.68 t ha^(-1)and crude protein yields of 1.44-2.51 t ha^(-1).Varieties HX3 and GX7 from this region demonstrated optimal growth adaptability and productivity in the cross-latitude environment,achieving the highest dry matter yields of 14.68 and 13.86 t ha^(-1),respectively.As a result,HX3 and GX7 are recommended for local farming systems to provide high-quality forage.The cross-latitude introduction of soybean is proposed as a viable and efficient strategy for forage improvement and application.展开更多
Natural grazing land plays a crucial role in extensive ruminant livestock systems,especially in semi-arid tropical regions such as East Nusa Tenggara(ENT),Indonesia.The availability and quality of forage during the dr...Natural grazing land plays a crucial role in extensive ruminant livestock systems,especially in semi-arid tropical regions such as East Nusa Tenggara(ENT),Indonesia.The availability and quality of forage during the dry season present significant challenges.This study aimed to identify variations in grass species composition and fluctuations in forage nutritional content in natural grazing lands of ENT during the dry season(July–October 2024).Sampling was conducted in four sub-districts:two representing lowland zones and two representing highland zones.In each sub-district,four grazing fields were selected,and ten plots were sampled per grazing field,totaling 160 sampling plots.Species identification and nutrient analysis included crude protein,crude fiber,energy content,and proteinenergy ratio.Statistical analyses using ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test were performed to evaluate significant differences in nutritional parameters across months and zones.Dominant species identified were Themeda arguens,Heteropogon contortus,Brachiaria decumbens,Ischaemum timorense,Cynodon dactylon,and Pennisetum clandestinum.Results showed significant monthly fluctuations in crude protein and fiber contents(p<0.05),with protein levels decreasing from July(9.31±2.66%)to October(7.53±3.10%).Energy content and protein-energy ratio also varied significantly across the dry season.A monthly shift in dominant grass species composition was observed,influenced by environmental conditions and species adaptability.The protein-energy ratio of forage remained below optimal levels throughout the dry season,potentially limiting livestock productivity.These findings provide important scientific insights for developing climate-resilient feeding strategies and support policy formulation for sustainable tropical livestock farming in semi-arid regions.展开更多
The “Greater Food” approach has replaced the older “taking grain production as a top priority” approach. Theimportance of feed and forage as the material basis for guaranteeing high-quality development of the live...The “Greater Food” approach has replaced the older “taking grain production as a top priority” approach. Theimportance of feed and forage as the material basis for guaranteeing high-quality development of the livestock industry has gradually become prominent. However, owing to the tradition of “both human staple food and animal feed relying on grain production” in China and the decoupling of feed crop planting and livestock farming, the risk of feed grain security has increased, especially as it relates to the supply of high-quality protein feed ingredients from abroad, which is facing a bottleneck. To ensure food security, effective domestic agricultural production should be adopted. Nevertheless, guaranteeing the supply of high-quality protein feed through domestic soybean production is difficult because of limited arable land;furthermore, pressure on the staple food supply is still extreme. In this article, the historical and realistic implications for the security risks of feed grain in China are analyzed. Proposals are made to separate staple food grains for humans from the feed grain supply for animals and to develop high-quality forage to reduce feed grain use. High-quality forage can be supplied via intercropping with grain crops in arable land and reseeding perennial legumes or grasses into natural grasslands. However, “managing forage for grain” needs to be supported via technical paths and policies as the forage industry develops to effectively increase the capacity to ensure feed grain security.展开更多
The composition of two macro-minerals (Ca and Na) was examined in soil and forages in two fields of District Sargodha, Pakistan. During winter and summer season, soil and forage samples were collected. In both seasons...The composition of two macro-minerals (Ca and Na) was examined in soil and forages in two fields of District Sargodha, Pakistan. During winter and summer season, soil and forage samples were collected. In both seasons, Na was sufficient in soil and forages. As compared to the winter season, the Na and Ca levels in soil were considerably higher in summer season. In forages, the level of Ca was deficient than the level which is essential for livestock growth. In the pastures, grazing livestock may be?deficient in these minerals as these pastures are not supplying sufficient minerals to the ruminants grazing therein. Supplementation of minerals is necessary to prevent the mineral imbalances and deficiency diseases in grazing livestock.展开更多
Traditional pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods to extract bismuth from sulfide ores face problems such as high cost,low-concentration SO_(2)generation,and long process time.In this study,the cyclone tech...Traditional pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods to extract bismuth from sulfide ores face problems such as high cost,low-concentration SO_(2)generation,and long process time.In this study,the cyclone technology and slurry electrolysis method were combined.The bismuth sulfide ore was dissolved directly at the anode,while the high purity bismuth was deposited efficiently at the cathode under the advantages of the two methods.The short process and high-efficiency extraction of bismuth sulfide ore were realized,and the pollution of low-concentration SO_(2)was avoided.Then,the effects of several crucial experimental conditions(current density,reaction time,temperature,pH,liquid-solid ratio,and circulation flow rate)on the leaching efficiency and recovery efficiency of bismuth were investigated.The leaching and electrowinning mechanisms during the recovery process were also analyzed according to the research results of this paper to better understand the cyclone slurry electrolysis process.The experimental results showed that 95.19%bismuth was leached into the acid solution in the anode area under optimal conditions,and the recovery efficiency and purity of bismuth on the cathode reached 91.13%and 99.26%,respectively,which were better than those by the traditional hydrometallurgy recovery process.展开更多
Complex concentrated alloys(CCAs)containing the L2_(1)phase are recognized for their exceptional strength and thermal stability,positioning them as strong candidates for transformative applications in aerospace,energy...Complex concentrated alloys(CCAs)containing the L2_(1)phase are recognized for their exceptional strength and thermal stability,positioning them as strong candidates for transformative applications in aerospace,energy,and structural sectors.This investigation delves into the AlFexNiTiV_(40-x)(x=0,10,20,30,35,40;at%)CCAs,aiming to unlock the synergistic potential of BCC and L2_(1)phases.By conducting an in-depth analysis of microstructure,phase behavior,and mechanical properties,the intricate relationships between chemistry,structure,and properties are illuminated within this alloy system.The Al_(15)Fe_(35)Ni_(3)0Ti_(15)V_(5)alloy demonstrates remarkable mechanical properties,achieving a yield strength of 2140.9 MPa and ultimate compressive strength of 2699.7 MPa,primarily through solid solution strengthening and precipitation hardening.Notably,its low lattice mismatches and nanoprecipitate strengthening yield an impressive specific yield strength at 600℃(245.2 MPa(g·cm^(-3))^(-1)).Phase modulation achieves the synergistic optimization of specific strengths at both room and high temperatures in CCAs containing the L2_(1)phase,opening new avenues for designing advanced lightweight and high strength alloys for elevated-temperature applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Although limited clinical evidence exists,such as case reports of azoospermia treatment in humans using bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC)injection,these findings provide a compelling foundation for exp...BACKGROUND Although limited clinical evidence exists,such as case reports of azoospermia treatment in humans using bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC)injection,these findings provide a compelling foundation for exploring mesenchymal stem cell therapy in male infertility.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous BMAC injection into human testis for men with severe oligospermia or azoospermia over the existing standard of care pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications.METHODS We included patients diagnosed with male infertility of the age group between 35–45 years in this trial comparing BMAC injection therapy with pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications over a 6-month follow-up period.Semen analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of the interventions analyzed.RESULTS We enrolled 30 patients in the trial with 10 patients in each arm of the trial.Compared to the baseline,neither the BMAC group(P=0.139)or pharmacotherapy group(P=0.056)nor the lifestyle modification group(P=0.112)demonstrated a statistically significant increase in sperm count at 6 months.However,the BMAC group demonstrated a significant increase in sperm count(mean 19.2 million;P=0.001)compared to the pharmacotherapy group(mean 3.5 million)and lifestyle modification group(mean 2.2 million)at 6 months.Significant improvement was noted in the motility grade(P<0.001)only in the BMAC group while no changes were noted in the other groups.CONCLUSION This trial highlights the potential of autologous BMAC as a promising therapeutic option for male infertility.Despite the absence of significant changes within individual treatment arms,BMAC therapy demonstrated superior efficacy in improving both sperm count and motility compared to standard pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications.These findings underscore the potential role of regenerative medicine in addressing severe oligospermia and azoospermia,warranting further research to solidify its clinical applicability.展开更多
Sodium fluoride(NaF)is a daily necessity consumed as the major ingredient of fluorinated drinking water,milk,salts,mouthwashes,toothpaste,and dentistry medications.However,the use of NaF products has also been associa...Sodium fluoride(NaF)is a daily necessity consumed as the major ingredient of fluorinated drinking water,milk,salts,mouthwashes,toothpaste,and dentistry medications.However,the use of NaF products has also been associated with increased fluoride anion distribution in the body,leading to hypertension.AIM This study evaluated the antihypertensive effect of sweet orange peels-enriched white melon seed protein concentrate(WSP)biscuit meal in eight-week-old albino rats exposed to NaF for 14 days.METHODS Forty-two(42)male Wistar albino rats were assigned at random into 7 groups of 6 rats per group(control group and six experimental groups).The experimental groups received various treatments that lasted for two weeks.Twenty-four hours after the last administration,hemodynamic parameters were evaluated,rats were sacrificed,blood samples were collected,and the heart was harvested.Blood serum was assessed for cardiac troponin I(cTnI),creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB),and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH).At the same time,the heart homogenate was assayed for angiotensin-1 converting enzyme(ACE)activity,proinflammatory cytokines,nitric oxide concentrations,and antioxidant status.Cardiac tissues were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin,Masson’s Trichrome,and cTnI.Also,the safety of the WSP biscuit diet was evaluated.RESULTS Results obtained showed that NaF administration elevated the collagen content of cardiac tissues,activities of ACE,and concentrations of cTnI,CK-MB,LDH,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,and interleukin 1 beta,while there was a reduction in the concentration of nitric oxide and antioxidants;however,their alterations were significantly prevented in WSP-biscuit-fed rats.The WSP biscuit meal is safe for consumption and possesses dose-dependent antihypertensive ability at 10%and 20%inclusion.CONCLUSION The WSP biscuit diet may be recommended in diet formulation for the management of individuals or communities that are predisposed to NaF contaminations.展开更多
The hydrogen-based reduction and electric smelting technology is a green and low-carbon process for treating low-grade ore and complex symbiotic iron ore.In this study,the hydrogen-based reduction of boron-bearing iro...The hydrogen-based reduction and electric smelting technology is a green and low-carbon process for treating low-grade ore and complex symbiotic iron ore.In this study,the hydrogen-based reduction of boron-bearing iron concentrate and the low-temperature separation compared with the high-temperature melting separation of slag and iron from a boron-bearing iron concentrate were studied.The metallization rate of the boron-bearing iron concentrate reached 99.63%after hydrogen-based reduction at 1050℃,and the metallic iron was interwoven with olivine(Mg_(2)SiO_(4))in the reduced ore.In addition,the high-temperature melting separation of iron and slag could be accomplished at 1550℃for 60 min,where boron was mainly distributed in the form of a glass phase in the slag with a mass fraction of B_(2)O_(3)of 22.69%,and 0.35%of boron(mass fraction)was melted into liquid iron.By contrast,iron and slag were efficiently separated at a lower temperature(1300℃)for 10 min and enhanced by super-gravity.Almost all the boron content was enriched into a suanite phase in the slag with a considerably high mass fraction of B_(2)O_(3)(35.61%)and a high recovery ratio(99.37%),and the mass fraction of boron decreased to 0.15%in iron.Compared with high-temperature melting separation,low-temperature separation combined with hydrogen-based reduction greatly improved the enrichment of boron in slag and prevented the melting of boron into iron.展开更多
The inherent high strength and low density of Al-containing refractory complex concentrate alloys(RC-CAs)stand as significant advantages,yet their susceptibility to brittleness and early onset of plastic in-stability ...The inherent high strength and low density of Al-containing refractory complex concentrate alloys(RC-CAs)stand as significant advantages,yet their susceptibility to brittleness and early onset of plastic in-stability persist as critical limitations.The paper describes that,by tailoring the annealing process,the strength and strain hardening capacity can be synergistically optimized in a B2-ordered Ti_(3)Zr_(1.5)NbVAl_(0.75)lightweight RCCA.Following a 50%cold rolling and subsequent annealing at 1000℃,the alloy developed a completely recrystallized organization,whilst maintaining its original BCC+B2 structure.The tensile be-havior exhibited minimal variance in comparison to its as-cast condition.Notably,upon undergoing an annealing treatment at 800℃,the precipitation of C14 Laves phase on the submicron scale alongside the formation of heterogeneous sub-grain structure endowed the alloy with an exceptional synergy of a tensile strength of∼1200 MPa and a fracture elongation of∼7%,together with a high work-hardening rate over 1 GPa.The sub-grain boundaries enhance dislocation multiplication and promote multiple slips,while the C14 Laves phase effectively hinders the propagation of slip bands,thus mitigating localized plastic flow.Dislocation accumulation at the phase interface subsequently promotes the formation of stacking faults in the Laves phase,which alleviates the stress concentration at the mismatched inter-face.This coordinated deformation within the heterogeneous structure ultimately imparts the alloy with superior mechanical properties.These findings provide critical insights for optimizing the properties of RCCAs through microstructural engineering and fostering their application in advanced manufacturing.展开更多
Based on the properties of antimony(Sb)and arsenic(As),a method was proposed to enhance gold recovery during iron matte smelting.The impact of Sb and As on gold enhancement capture was investigated using an exclusion ...Based on the properties of antimony(Sb)and arsenic(As),a method was proposed to enhance gold recovery during iron matte smelting.The impact of Sb and As on gold enhancement capture was investigated using an exclusion method.The results demonstrated that both Sb and As significantly improved the gold recovery rate.As the Sb or As content increased,the gold recovery rate increased.The enhancement effect of Sb was better than that of As,and the optimal results were achieved through the synergistic effects of Sb and As.Under optimized conditions,the gold recovery rate reached 97.12%,whereas the gold content in the slag decreased to 1.70 g/t.Sb captured and aggregated free gold as an Au-Sb alloy,whereas As-Fe alloy also captured free gold.The growth of the gold-captured phase size enhanced the settling velocity,thereby promoting gold recovery.展开更多
BACKGROUND Knee osteoarthritis(OA)imposes a substantial burden through pain,functional limitation,and progressive cartilage loss.Bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC)has emerged as a promising regenerative therapy fo...BACKGROUND Knee osteoarthritis(OA)imposes a substantial burden through pain,functional limitation,and progressive cartilage loss.Bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC)has emerged as a promising regenerative therapy for OA due to its rich composition of mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)and bioactive factors.While intra-articular BMAC injections provide short-term symptomatic relief,recent literature suggests that targeting the subchondral bone—an area crucial to OA progression—may offer superior and longer-lasting clinical benefits.AIM To compares the outcomes of subchondral vs intra-articular BMAC injections in patients with primary knee OA.METHODS In this unicentric,double-blinded,randomized controlled trial,30 patients with radiologically confirmed primary knee OA(Kellgren-Lawrence grades II and III)will be equally randomized to receive either subchondral(Group A)or intra-articular(Group B)BMAC injections.BMAC will be harvested from the posterior iliac crest,processed using a standardized centrifugation protocol to yield a product with>85%cell viability,and administered under image guidance.The primary outcome is the change in pain intensity at 12 months as measured by the Visual Analog Scale(VAS).Secondary outcomes include functional improvement assessed by Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score(KOOS),International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC),and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index(WOMAC)scores,structural changes evaluated through advanced magnetic resonance imaging using(MRI)the whole-organ MRI Score,and safety as determined by the incidence of adverse events.RESULTS This study aims to evaluate pain reduction at 12 months post-injection,using the VAS as the primary outcome.Secondary outcomes include functional improvement(KOOS,WOMAC,IKDC),cartilage regeneration(T2 cartigram),adverse event incidence,patient satisfaction(standardized questionnaires,Likert scale),and quality of life(EQ-5D).Ethical considerations follow the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice,with institutional review board approval and participant informed consent ensured.Confidentiality and data security comply with regulations,and a data safety monitoring board oversees trial safety.Results will be shared via peer-reviewed journals,presentations at international orthopedic conferences,and detailed summaries for stakeholders and participants.The trial is registered under clinical trial registry of India/2024/04/065284.Findings emphasize patient-centered advancements in knee osteoarthritis management.CONCLUSION This trial aims to refine regenerative strategies for knee OA by comparing subchondral vs intra-articular BMAC injections,addressing long-term efficacy,safety,and treatment standardization to guide targeted interventions.This trial will provide critical insights into the comparative efficacy and safety of subchondral vs intra-articular BMAC injections in treating primary knee OA.展开更多
BACKGROUND Compared to standard hospital meals,nutritional intervention using recovery K5(RK5),a concentrated liquid diet,offers a comprehensive immunonutritional profile,suggesting its potential effectiveness in prev...BACKGROUND Compared to standard hospital meals,nutritional intervention using recovery K5(RK5),a concentrated liquid diet,offers a comprehensive immunonutritional profile,suggesting its potential effectiveness in preventing surgical site infections(SSIs)after gastrointestinal surgery.AIM To investigate the usefulness of RK5 in patients undergoing elective colorectal cancer surgery,focusing on postoperative infections and nutritional status.METHODS This single-center,open-label,randomized,parallel-group comparative trial was conducted at Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,Nippon Medical School Hospital,between February 2023 and August 2024.Forty patients with colorectal cancer were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the nutritional intervention or the control group.The intervention group received 800 kcal/day of RK5 administered orally instead of breakfast and dinner(400 kcal per serving)2 days prior to surgery,whereas the control group received only standard meals.Postoperative infection,nutritional status,and bowel habits were assessed.RESULTS No cases of remote infection were observed.SSIs occurred in one of the 17 patients(5.9%)in the intervention group and six of the 18 patients(33.3%)in the control group,with an odds ratio of 0.125(95%confidence interval:0.013-1.181,P=0.0695).Energy intake and percentage of target energy intake were significantly higher in the intervention group.No significant differences were observed betShinji S et al.RK5 in colorectal cancer surgery WJGS https://www.wjgnet.com 2 November 27,2025 Volume 17 Issue 11 ween the two groups regarding nutritional status,bowel movement frequency,or the incidence of diarrhea.CONCLUSION Supplemental nutrition using RK5 may help prevent SSIs in patients undergoing elective colorectal cancer surgery and should be considered as a potential option for perioperative nutritional management.展开更多
文摘There was organized a 2×2 factorial type experience in which it has been aimed the influence of forage/concentrates ratio and the effect of supplementing the ratio with full fat soya by-pass （FFS） on the production performance and carcass fatty acid profile of fattening lambs. 32 Tsigai lambs were divided into 4 groups and were fed with 2 different diets regarding the forage/concentrates ratio （35/65 and 65/35, on a DM basis）, containing or not 5% FFS （full fat soya treated with formaldehyde 12.5%）. Including FFS in diet and the ratios rich in concentrates determined a significant improvement in weight gain （P〈0.01）, in the degree of food recovery and in fatty acid profile from the carcass. It has been significantly increased （P〈0.01） the weight of polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFA） from intramuscular fat （longissimus dorsi-LD and femoral biceps-FB） and the deposit fat （subcutaneous-SC and perirenal-PR） and decreased the proportion of saturated （SFA） and monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA）. Most significant differences were recorded about PUFA from Omega-3 series （C18：3 n-3, EPA C22：3 n-3, DPA and DHA） and CLA isomers （conjugated linolenic acid： C 18：2 C9, tl I＋C 18：2 t10, C 12）. The best profile of fatty acids, considered in light of the influence on human health （high concentration of Omega 3 fatty acids and CLA and low in SFA） was established in LD, for lambs fed with diets high in concentrates and which contained FFS （HC/S）.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0207300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22179142 and 22075314)+1 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Program(Grant No.BG 2024020).XPSWAXS and TOF-SIMS characterizations were supported by Nano-X(Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation,Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(SINANO),Suzhou 215123,China)。
文摘The practical application of lithium metal batteries(LMBs)requires electrolytes that simultaneously ensure high safety and interfacial stability.Although locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes(LCILEs)exhibit exceptional electrochemical stability and compatibility with electrode electrolyte interfaces(EEIs),two major challenges persist:(i)safety risks caused by excessive low-flash-point diluents,and(ii)insufficient understanding of how diluents modulate solvation structures.Herein,we introduce a low-diluent-content LCILE system composed of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)salt,N-methyl-N-propyl-pyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(Pyr_(13)FSI)ionic liquid,and trifluoromethanesulfonate(TFS)diluent.The TFS diluent strengthens ion-ion interactions by lowering the dielectric constant of the electrolyte,resulting in the formation of a unique nanometric anion aggregates(N-AGGs)reinforced solvation structure.These large anionic clusters exhibit accelerated redox decomposition kinetics,facilitating the rapid formation of a thin,dense,and low-impedance EEI.Consequently,the Li/LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)coin cell achieves 87.8%capacity retention over 300 cycles at 4.3 V,while a practical 1.4 Ah Li/NCM622 pouch cell retains 84.5%capacity after 80 cycles at 4.5 V.Furthermore,the electrolyte demonstrates exceptional safety,and 2 Ah Li metal pouch cells successfully pass rigorous nail penetration tests without any ignition or explosion.This work not only provides a design strategy for intrinsically safe and high-performance electrolytes but also highlights the critical role of anion cluster decomposition kinetics in shaping EEI formation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11571181)by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20171454).
文摘In this paper,we propose and analyze two second-order accurate finite difference schemes for the one-dimensional heat equation with concentrated capacity on a computa-tional domain=[a,b].We first transform the target equation into the standard heat equation on the domain excluding the singular point equipped with an inner interface matching(IIM)condition on the singular point x=ξ∈(a,b),then adopt Taylor’s ex-pansion to approximate the IIM condition at the singular point and apply second-order finite difference method to approximate the standard heat equation at the nonsingular points.This discrete procedure allows us to choose different grid sizes to partition the two sub-domains[a,ξ]and[ξ,b],which ensures that x=ξ is a grid point,and hence the pro-posed schemes can be generalized to the heat equation with more than one concentrated capacities.We prove that the two proposed schemes are uniquely solvable.And through in-depth analysis of the local truncation errors,we rigorously prove that the two schemes are second-order accurate both in temporal and spatial directions in the maximum norm without any constraint on the grid ratio.Numerical experiments are carried out to verify our theoretical conclusions.
基金supported by the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-37)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303144)
文摘Twenty-eight male, weaned Chinese Holstein calves（（156.8±33.4） kg） were used to investigate the effects of dietary forage to concentrate ratio（F：C） and forage length on nutrient digestibility, plasma metabolites, ruminal fermentation, and fecal microflora. Animals were randomly allocated to four treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement： whole-length forage（WL） with low F：C（50：50）; WL with high F：C（65：35）; short-length forage（SL） with high F：C（65：35）; and SL with low F：C（50：50）. Chinese wildrye was used as the only forage source in this trial. The grass in the SL treatments was chopped using a chaff cutter to achieve small particle size（-50% particles 〉19 mm）. Dry matter intake（DMI） and organic matter（OM） intake was increased by increasing both F：C（P〈0.01） and forage length（FL）（P〈0.05）, while acid detergent fiber（ADF） and neutral detergent fiber（NDF） intakes were only increased by increasing the F：C（P〈0.01）. The digestibility of NDF was increased as the FL increased（P〈0.01）, and it was also affected by interaction between F：C and FL（P〈0.05）. Cholesterol（CHO）（P〈0.01）, leptin（LP）（P〈0.05）, and growth hormone（GH）（P〈0.01） concentrations in plasma were increased as dietary F：C increased. A significant increase in plasma triglyceride（TG）（P〈0.01）, insulin（INS）（P〈0.05）, and GH（P〈0.01） levels was observed with decreasing dietary FL. Ruminal p H values of calves fed with low F：C diets were significantly lower than those in high F：C treatment（P〈0.05）. Increasing the F：C enhanced ruminal acetic acid（P〈0.05） and acetic acid/propionic acid（P〈0.01）. Fecal Lactobacillus content was significantly higher, while Escherichia coli and Salmonella contents were significantly lower in WL and high F：C groups（P〈0.05）. Lower fecal scores（higher diarrhea rate） were observed in calves fed with SL hay compared to WL hay（P〈0.05）. Denatured gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE） bands and richness index（S） were significantly affected by the interaction between F：C and FL（P〈0.05）, under high F：C, band numbers and richness index from WL group were higher than that from SL group（P〈0.05）, whereas there were no differences between WL andSL groups under low F：C（P〉0.05）. Microflora similarity was 50–73% among the different treatments. It is concluded that the WL with high F：C（65：35） diet is suitable for weaned calves.
基金Technical Development Project of Hainan Provincial Scientific Research Institutes(KYYS-2018-05)Special Funds for Central Government Guiding the Development of Local Science and Technology(ZY2019HN01).
文摘[Objective]The paper was to investigate the effects of dietary concentrate to forage ratios on production performance and serum bio-chemical indicators of post-fattening Hainan Yellow Cattle.[Method]Sixteen Hainan Yellow Cattles with the same genetic backgrounds and similar initial weight of(242.22 ±0.71 kg) were randomly divided into four treatments.Cattles were fed with diets of different concentrate to forage ratios(20:80, group Ⅰ;30:70, Group Ⅱ;40:60, group Ⅲ;50:50, group Ⅳ).The trial lasted 62 d.[Result]The daily gain in experimental group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in experimental group Ⅱ(P<0.05), but the feed gain ratio in experimental group Ⅳ was lower than those in other ex-perimental groups(P>0.05).The feed intake in experimental group Ⅳ was also markedly higher than those in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P<0.05).Compared with the experimental group Ⅱ, the gross profit of experimental group Ⅳ was significantly promoted(P<0.05).The alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in experimental group Ⅱ were markedly higher than those in experimental groups Ⅰ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ.[Conclusion]When the dietary concentrate to forage ratios was 50∶50, the production performance of post-fattening Hainan Yellow Cattle was better.
基金financially supported by the Earmarked Fund for ModernAgro-Industry Technology Research System(Beef Cattle and Yaks,CARS-38)the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(No.2013QT034)
文摘Live yeast（Saccharomyces cerevisiae） constitutes an effective additive for animal production;its probiotic effect may be related to the concentrate-to-forage ratio（CTFR）.The objective of this study was to assess the effects of S.cerevisiae（SC） on fiber degradation and rumen microbial populations in steers fed diets with different levels of dietary concentrate.Ten Simmental × Local crossbred steers（450 ± 50 kg BW） were assigned to a control group or an SC group.Both groups were fed the same basal diet but the SC group received SC supplementation（8 × 10^9 cfu/h/d through the ruminal fistula）following a two-period crossover design.Each period consisted of four phases,each of which lasted 17 d：10 d for dietary adaptation,6 d for degradation study,and 1 d for rumen sample collection.From the 1^（st） to the 4^（th） phase,steers were fed in a stepwise fashion with increasing CTFRs,i.e.,30：70,50：50,70：30,and 90：10.The kinetics of dry matter and fiber degradation of alfalfa pellets were evaluated;the rumen microbial populations were detected using real-time PCR.The results revealed no significant（P〉 0.05） interactions between dietary CTFR and SC for most parameters.Dietary CTFR had a significant effect（P〈 0.01） on degradation characteristics of alfalfa pellets and the copies of rumen microorganism;the increasing concentrate level resulted in linear,quadratic or cubic variation trend for these parameters.SC supplementation significantly（P〈 0.05） affected dry matter（DM） and neutral detergent fiber（NDF）degradation rates（c_（DM）,c_（NDF）） and NDF effective degradability（ED_（NDF））.Compared with the control group,there was an increasing trend of rumen fungi and protozoa in SC group（P 〈 0.1）;copies of total bacteria in SC group were significantly higher（P〈 0.05）.Additionally,percentage of Ruminobacter amylophilus was significantly lower（P〈 0.05）but percentage of Selenomonas ruminantium was significantly higher（P〈 0.05） in the SC group.In a word,dietary CTFR had a significant effect on degradation characteristics of forage and rumen microbial population.S.cerevisiae had positive effects on DM and NDF degradation rate or effective degradability of forage;S.cerevisiae increased rumen total bacteria,fungi,protozoa,and lactate-utilizing bacteria but reduced starch-degrading and lactate-producing bacteria.
基金funded by the Development and Reform Commission of Jilin Province (2010)
文摘[ Objective] To investigate the effects of concentrate/roughage ratios and nitrogen levels on in-vitro rumen fermentation of urea-treating corn stalk. [ Method] The concentrate/roughage ratios were 7： 3, 5：5 and 3： 7. The crude protein levels were 11% and 14%. The in-vitro culture time was 2, 4, 6 and 48 h. [ Result] The pH value of broth decreased significantly with the decline in the proportion of roughage （ P 〈 0.01 ） and with the increase in the crude protein levels （P 〈 0.05）. The ammonium nitrogen concentration and acetic acid/propionic acid ratio of the fermen- ted products decreased with the increase in the crude protein levels and proportion of concentrate in diet. The diet with concentrate/roughage ratio of 5：5 and crude protein level of 14% had significantly higher digestibility of dry matter and organic matter than other diets （ P 〈 0.05）. The digesti- bility of organic matter increased gradually with the increasing proportion of concentrate and crude protein level. With the increase in the proportion of concentrate, the microbial protein levels increased remarkably, while the acetic acid/propionic acid ratio declined. [ Conclusion] The concentrate/ roughage ratios and nitrogen levels affect rumen fermentation and microbial growth during in-vitro culture. However, the best supplementary feeding results of urea-treatinq corn stalks can be obtained when the concentrate/rouahaae ratio is below 5：5 and the crude protein level is 14%.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFD1300803)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-34)。
文摘Grain soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.)shows potential as a forage crop following its introduction from low to high latitudes due to in its growth phenotype.However,the application of this approach is impeded by the diverse ecological types of soybean,their adaptability to the introduction,and the uncertainty surrounding the growth phenotype post-introduction.This study introduced 24 grain soybean varieties from low-latitude regions(22-31°N)to the high-latitude northwestern Loess Plateau(39°N)between 2018 and 2019.The growth phenotypes were observed,and their forage productivity potential was assessed.All varieties displayed delayed flowering following cross-latitude introduction,with the vegetative growth phase of some varieties even exceeding their entire growth duration at their origin.Rapid dry matter accumulation rates indicated growth adaptation performance and formed the basis for soybean forage yield.Varieties from the tropical South China region exhibited significant yield advantages,with dry matter yields of 8.97-14.68 t ha^(-1)and crude protein yields of 1.44-2.51 t ha^(-1).Varieties HX3 and GX7 from this region demonstrated optimal growth adaptability and productivity in the cross-latitude environment,achieving the highest dry matter yields of 14.68 and 13.86 t ha^(-1),respectively.As a result,HX3 and GX7 are recommended for local farming systems to provide high-quality forage.The cross-latitude introduction of soybean is proposed as a viable and efficient strategy for forage improvement and application.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education,Culture,Research,and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia through the Directorate of Research,Technology,and Community Service under the Primary Contract Number:073/E5/PG.02.00.PL/2024 and the Secondary Contract Number:432/UN15.22/SP2H/PL/2024.
文摘Natural grazing land plays a crucial role in extensive ruminant livestock systems,especially in semi-arid tropical regions such as East Nusa Tenggara(ENT),Indonesia.The availability and quality of forage during the dry season present significant challenges.This study aimed to identify variations in grass species composition and fluctuations in forage nutritional content in natural grazing lands of ENT during the dry season(July–October 2024).Sampling was conducted in four sub-districts:two representing lowland zones and two representing highland zones.In each sub-district,four grazing fields were selected,and ten plots were sampled per grazing field,totaling 160 sampling plots.Species identification and nutrient analysis included crude protein,crude fiber,energy content,and proteinenergy ratio.Statistical analyses using ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test were performed to evaluate significant differences in nutritional parameters across months and zones.Dominant species identified were Themeda arguens,Heteropogon contortus,Brachiaria decumbens,Ischaemum timorense,Cynodon dactylon,and Pennisetum clandestinum.Results showed significant monthly fluctuations in crude protein and fiber contents(p<0.05),with protein levels decreasing from July(9.31±2.66%)to October(7.53±3.10%).Energy content and protein-energy ratio also varied significantly across the dry season.A monthly shift in dominant grass species composition was observed,influenced by environmental conditions and species adaptability.The protein-energy ratio of forage remained below optimal levels throughout the dry season,potentially limiting livestock productivity.These findings provide important scientific insights for developing climate-resilient feeding strategies and support policy formulation for sustainable tropical livestock farming in semi-arid regions.
基金funded by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-34)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32201471)+1 种基金the Development and Demonstration Project of Key Technologies for High Quality Development of Forage Industry in Ordos, Chinathe fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023T160697)。
文摘The “Greater Food” approach has replaced the older “taking grain production as a top priority” approach. Theimportance of feed and forage as the material basis for guaranteeing high-quality development of the livestock industry has gradually become prominent. However, owing to the tradition of “both human staple food and animal feed relying on grain production” in China and the decoupling of feed crop planting and livestock farming, the risk of feed grain security has increased, especially as it relates to the supply of high-quality protein feed ingredients from abroad, which is facing a bottleneck. To ensure food security, effective domestic agricultural production should be adopted. Nevertheless, guaranteeing the supply of high-quality protein feed through domestic soybean production is difficult because of limited arable land;furthermore, pressure on the staple food supply is still extreme. In this article, the historical and realistic implications for the security risks of feed grain in China are analyzed. Proposals are made to separate staple food grains for humans from the feed grain supply for animals and to develop high-quality forage to reduce feed grain use. High-quality forage can be supplied via intercropping with grain crops in arable land and reseeding perennial legumes or grasses into natural grasslands. However, “managing forage for grain” needs to be supported via technical paths and policies as the forage industry develops to effectively increase the capacity to ensure feed grain security.
文摘The composition of two macro-minerals (Ca and Na) was examined in soil and forages in two fields of District Sargodha, Pakistan. During winter and summer season, soil and forage samples were collected. In both seasons, Na was sufficient in soil and forages. As compared to the winter season, the Na and Ca levels in soil were considerably higher in summer season. In forages, the level of Ca was deficient than the level which is essential for livestock growth. In the pastures, grazing livestock may be?deficient in these minerals as these pastures are not supplying sufficient minerals to the ruminants grazing therein. Supplementation of minerals is necessary to prevent the mineral imbalances and deficiency diseases in grazing livestock.
基金Projects(52104355,52074363,52374364)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2023YFC2907904)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China。
文摘Traditional pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods to extract bismuth from sulfide ores face problems such as high cost,low-concentration SO_(2)generation,and long process time.In this study,the cyclone technology and slurry electrolysis method were combined.The bismuth sulfide ore was dissolved directly at the anode,while the high purity bismuth was deposited efficiently at the cathode under the advantages of the two methods.The short process and high-efficiency extraction of bismuth sulfide ore were realized,and the pollution of low-concentration SO_(2)was avoided.Then,the effects of several crucial experimental conditions(current density,reaction time,temperature,pH,liquid-solid ratio,and circulation flow rate)on the leaching efficiency and recovery efficiency of bismuth were investigated.The leaching and electrowinning mechanisms during the recovery process were also analyzed according to the research results of this paper to better understand the cyclone slurry electrolysis process.The experimental results showed that 95.19%bismuth was leached into the acid solution in the anode area under optimal conditions,and the recovery efficiency and purity of bismuth on the cathode reached 91.13%and 99.26%,respectively,which were better than those by the traditional hydrometallurgy recovery process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52301043 and 51871077)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2021A1515012626),Shenzhen Knowledge Innovation Plan-Fundamental Research(Discipline Distribution)(No.JCYJ20180507184623297)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Plan-Technology Innovation(No.KQJSCX20180328165656256)the Startup Foundation from Shenzhen(Nos.NA25501001,and NA11409005).
文摘Complex concentrated alloys(CCAs)containing the L2_(1)phase are recognized for their exceptional strength and thermal stability,positioning them as strong candidates for transformative applications in aerospace,energy,and structural sectors.This investigation delves into the AlFexNiTiV_(40-x)(x=0,10,20,30,35,40;at%)CCAs,aiming to unlock the synergistic potential of BCC and L2_(1)phases.By conducting an in-depth analysis of microstructure,phase behavior,and mechanical properties,the intricate relationships between chemistry,structure,and properties are illuminated within this alloy system.The Al_(15)Fe_(35)Ni_(3)0Ti_(15)V_(5)alloy demonstrates remarkable mechanical properties,achieving a yield strength of 2140.9 MPa and ultimate compressive strength of 2699.7 MPa,primarily through solid solution strengthening and precipitation hardening.Notably,its low lattice mismatches and nanoprecipitate strengthening yield an impressive specific yield strength at 600℃(245.2 MPa(g·cm^(-3))^(-1)).Phase modulation achieves the synergistic optimization of specific strengths at both room and high temperatures in CCAs containing the L2_(1)phase,opening new avenues for designing advanced lightweight and high strength alloys for elevated-temperature applications.
文摘BACKGROUND Although limited clinical evidence exists,such as case reports of azoospermia treatment in humans using bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC)injection,these findings provide a compelling foundation for exploring mesenchymal stem cell therapy in male infertility.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous BMAC injection into human testis for men with severe oligospermia or azoospermia over the existing standard of care pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications.METHODS We included patients diagnosed with male infertility of the age group between 35–45 years in this trial comparing BMAC injection therapy with pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications over a 6-month follow-up period.Semen analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of the interventions analyzed.RESULTS We enrolled 30 patients in the trial with 10 patients in each arm of the trial.Compared to the baseline,neither the BMAC group(P=0.139)or pharmacotherapy group(P=0.056)nor the lifestyle modification group(P=0.112)demonstrated a statistically significant increase in sperm count at 6 months.However,the BMAC group demonstrated a significant increase in sperm count(mean 19.2 million;P=0.001)compared to the pharmacotherapy group(mean 3.5 million)and lifestyle modification group(mean 2.2 million)at 6 months.Significant improvement was noted in the motility grade(P<0.001)only in the BMAC group while no changes were noted in the other groups.CONCLUSION This trial highlights the potential of autologous BMAC as a promising therapeutic option for male infertility.Despite the absence of significant changes within individual treatment arms,BMAC therapy demonstrated superior efficacy in improving both sperm count and motility compared to standard pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications.These findings underscore the potential role of regenerative medicine in addressing severe oligospermia and azoospermia,warranting further research to solidify its clinical applicability.
文摘Sodium fluoride(NaF)is a daily necessity consumed as the major ingredient of fluorinated drinking water,milk,salts,mouthwashes,toothpaste,and dentistry medications.However,the use of NaF products has also been associated with increased fluoride anion distribution in the body,leading to hypertension.AIM This study evaluated the antihypertensive effect of sweet orange peels-enriched white melon seed protein concentrate(WSP)biscuit meal in eight-week-old albino rats exposed to NaF for 14 days.METHODS Forty-two(42)male Wistar albino rats were assigned at random into 7 groups of 6 rats per group(control group and six experimental groups).The experimental groups received various treatments that lasted for two weeks.Twenty-four hours after the last administration,hemodynamic parameters were evaluated,rats were sacrificed,blood samples were collected,and the heart was harvested.Blood serum was assessed for cardiac troponin I(cTnI),creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB),and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH).At the same time,the heart homogenate was assayed for angiotensin-1 converting enzyme(ACE)activity,proinflammatory cytokines,nitric oxide concentrations,and antioxidant status.Cardiac tissues were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin,Masson’s Trichrome,and cTnI.Also,the safety of the WSP biscuit diet was evaluated.RESULTS Results obtained showed that NaF administration elevated the collagen content of cardiac tissues,activities of ACE,and concentrations of cTnI,CK-MB,LDH,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,and interleukin 1 beta,while there was a reduction in the concentration of nitric oxide and antioxidants;however,their alterations were significantly prevented in WSP-biscuit-fed rats.The WSP biscuit meal is safe for consumption and possesses dose-dependent antihypertensive ability at 10%and 20%inclusion.CONCLUSION The WSP biscuit diet may be recommended in diet formulation for the management of individuals or communities that are predisposed to NaF contaminations.
文摘The hydrogen-based reduction and electric smelting technology is a green and low-carbon process for treating low-grade ore and complex symbiotic iron ore.In this study,the hydrogen-based reduction of boron-bearing iron concentrate and the low-temperature separation compared with the high-temperature melting separation of slag and iron from a boron-bearing iron concentrate were studied.The metallization rate of the boron-bearing iron concentrate reached 99.63%after hydrogen-based reduction at 1050℃,and the metallic iron was interwoven with olivine(Mg_(2)SiO_(4))in the reduced ore.In addition,the high-temperature melting separation of iron and slag could be accomplished at 1550℃for 60 min,where boron was mainly distributed in the form of a glass phase in the slag with a mass fraction of B_(2)O_(3)of 22.69%,and 0.35%of boron(mass fraction)was melted into liquid iron.By contrast,iron and slag were efficiently separated at a lower temperature(1300℃)for 10 min and enhanced by super-gravity.Almost all the boron content was enriched into a suanite phase in the slag with a considerably high mass fraction of B_(2)O_(3)(35.61%)and a high recovery ratio(99.37%),and the mass fraction of boron decreased to 0.15%in iron.Compared with high-temperature melting separation,low-temperature separation combined with hydrogen-based reduction greatly improved the enrichment of boron in slag and prevented the melting of boron into iron.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074257)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.N2325008).
文摘The inherent high strength and low density of Al-containing refractory complex concentrate alloys(RC-CAs)stand as significant advantages,yet their susceptibility to brittleness and early onset of plastic in-stability persist as critical limitations.The paper describes that,by tailoring the annealing process,the strength and strain hardening capacity can be synergistically optimized in a B2-ordered Ti_(3)Zr_(1.5)NbVAl_(0.75)lightweight RCCA.Following a 50%cold rolling and subsequent annealing at 1000℃,the alloy developed a completely recrystallized organization,whilst maintaining its original BCC+B2 structure.The tensile be-havior exhibited minimal variance in comparison to its as-cast condition.Notably,upon undergoing an annealing treatment at 800℃,the precipitation of C14 Laves phase on the submicron scale alongside the formation of heterogeneous sub-grain structure endowed the alloy with an exceptional synergy of a tensile strength of∼1200 MPa and a fracture elongation of∼7%,together with a high work-hardening rate over 1 GPa.The sub-grain boundaries enhance dislocation multiplication and promote multiple slips,while the C14 Laves phase effectively hinders the propagation of slip bands,thus mitigating localized plastic flow.Dislocation accumulation at the phase interface subsequently promotes the formation of stacking faults in the Laves phase,which alleviates the stress concentration at the mismatched inter-face.This coordinated deformation within the heterogeneous structure ultimately imparts the alloy with superior mechanical properties.These findings provide critical insights for optimizing the properties of RCCAs through microstructural engineering and fostering their application in advanced manufacturing.
基金financially supported from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52274358)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2020JJ4718)+2 种基金the Major Science and Technology Projects of Gansu Province,China(No.22ZD6GC017)the Young Scientists Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51404296)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1901604).
文摘Based on the properties of antimony(Sb)and arsenic(As),a method was proposed to enhance gold recovery during iron matte smelting.The impact of Sb and As on gold enhancement capture was investigated using an exclusion method.The results demonstrated that both Sb and As significantly improved the gold recovery rate.As the Sb or As content increased,the gold recovery rate increased.The enhancement effect of Sb was better than that of As,and the optimal results were achieved through the synergistic effects of Sb and As.Under optimized conditions,the gold recovery rate reached 97.12%,whereas the gold content in the slag decreased to 1.70 g/t.Sb captured and aggregated free gold as an Au-Sb alloy,whereas As-Fe alloy also captured free gold.The growth of the gold-captured phase size enhanced the settling velocity,thereby promoting gold recovery.
文摘BACKGROUND Knee osteoarthritis(OA)imposes a substantial burden through pain,functional limitation,and progressive cartilage loss.Bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC)has emerged as a promising regenerative therapy for OA due to its rich composition of mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)and bioactive factors.While intra-articular BMAC injections provide short-term symptomatic relief,recent literature suggests that targeting the subchondral bone—an area crucial to OA progression—may offer superior and longer-lasting clinical benefits.AIM To compares the outcomes of subchondral vs intra-articular BMAC injections in patients with primary knee OA.METHODS In this unicentric,double-blinded,randomized controlled trial,30 patients with radiologically confirmed primary knee OA(Kellgren-Lawrence grades II and III)will be equally randomized to receive either subchondral(Group A)or intra-articular(Group B)BMAC injections.BMAC will be harvested from the posterior iliac crest,processed using a standardized centrifugation protocol to yield a product with>85%cell viability,and administered under image guidance.The primary outcome is the change in pain intensity at 12 months as measured by the Visual Analog Scale(VAS).Secondary outcomes include functional improvement assessed by Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score(KOOS),International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC),and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index(WOMAC)scores,structural changes evaluated through advanced magnetic resonance imaging using(MRI)the whole-organ MRI Score,and safety as determined by the incidence of adverse events.RESULTS This study aims to evaluate pain reduction at 12 months post-injection,using the VAS as the primary outcome.Secondary outcomes include functional improvement(KOOS,WOMAC,IKDC),cartilage regeneration(T2 cartigram),adverse event incidence,patient satisfaction(standardized questionnaires,Likert scale),and quality of life(EQ-5D).Ethical considerations follow the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice,with institutional review board approval and participant informed consent ensured.Confidentiality and data security comply with regulations,and a data safety monitoring board oversees trial safety.Results will be shared via peer-reviewed journals,presentations at international orthopedic conferences,and detailed summaries for stakeholders and participants.The trial is registered under clinical trial registry of India/2024/04/065284.Findings emphasize patient-centered advancements in knee osteoarthritis management.CONCLUSION This trial aims to refine regenerative strategies for knee OA by comparing subchondral vs intra-articular BMAC injections,addressing long-term efficacy,safety,and treatment standardization to guide targeted interventions.This trial will provide critical insights into the comparative efficacy and safety of subchondral vs intra-articular BMAC injections in treating primary knee OA.
文摘BACKGROUND Compared to standard hospital meals,nutritional intervention using recovery K5(RK5),a concentrated liquid diet,offers a comprehensive immunonutritional profile,suggesting its potential effectiveness in preventing surgical site infections(SSIs)after gastrointestinal surgery.AIM To investigate the usefulness of RK5 in patients undergoing elective colorectal cancer surgery,focusing on postoperative infections and nutritional status.METHODS This single-center,open-label,randomized,parallel-group comparative trial was conducted at Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,Nippon Medical School Hospital,between February 2023 and August 2024.Forty patients with colorectal cancer were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the nutritional intervention or the control group.The intervention group received 800 kcal/day of RK5 administered orally instead of breakfast and dinner(400 kcal per serving)2 days prior to surgery,whereas the control group received only standard meals.Postoperative infection,nutritional status,and bowel habits were assessed.RESULTS No cases of remote infection were observed.SSIs occurred in one of the 17 patients(5.9%)in the intervention group and six of the 18 patients(33.3%)in the control group,with an odds ratio of 0.125(95%confidence interval:0.013-1.181,P=0.0695).Energy intake and percentage of target energy intake were significantly higher in the intervention group.No significant differences were observed betShinji S et al.RK5 in colorectal cancer surgery WJGS https://www.wjgnet.com 2 November 27,2025 Volume 17 Issue 11 ween the two groups regarding nutritional status,bowel movement frequency,or the incidence of diarrhea.CONCLUSION Supplemental nutrition using RK5 may help prevent SSIs in patients undergoing elective colorectal cancer surgery and should be considered as a potential option for perioperative nutritional management.
