This study examines whether and how cues focusing enhances Chinese-speaking English learners’engagement in comparison,thereby facilitating their acquisition of English articles within xu-based comparative continuatio...This study examines whether and how cues focusing enhances Chinese-speaking English learners’engagement in comparison,thereby facilitating their acquisition of English articles within xu-based comparative continuation writing tasks.Fifty English majors from a Chinese university were randomly assigned to three groups and each group was required to complete a comparative continuation task with one of three conditions:paired cues(cues presented in pairs),randomized cues(cues presented in random order),or implicit cues(no explicit cues provided).All participants undertook pretests,posttests,and delayed tests on English article knowledge,and ten of them volunteered to take follow-up interviews.The results indicate that:1)paired cues were more effective than randomized or implicit cues in promoting the acquisition of English articles;and 2)learners in the paired cues condition produced more target-like article usage in their continuation writings compared to those in the other two conditions.The effectiveness of paired cues is attributed to an enhanced contrast effect,which prompts learners to identify similarities and differences between cues within each pair,relates cue explanations and examples with actual article usage in the reading text,and reflects upon and compares their own article productions against those in the provided reading text.The study concludes that the process of learning through continuation is fundamentally supported by learners’capacity for comparison,reinforcing its role as a core element of xu-competence.展开更多
Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance to...Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance tomography enables real-time monitoring of changes in cerebral blood perfusion within the ischemic brain,but investigating the feasibility of using this method to assess post-stroke rehabilitation in vivo remains critical.In this study,ischemic stroke was induced in rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery.Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation was used to treat the rat model of ischemia,and electrical impedance tomography was used to measure impedance during both the acute stage of ischemia and the rehabilitation stage following the stimulation.Electrical impedance tomography results indicated that cerebral impedance increased after the onset of ischemia and decreased following transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation.Furthermore,the stimulation promoted motor function recovery,reduced cerebral infarction volume in the rat model of ischemic stroke,and induced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic brain.Our results also revealed a significant correlation between the impedance of the ischemic brain post-intervention and improvements in behavioral scores and infarct volume.This study shows that daily administration of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation for 20 minutes to the ischemic hemisphere 24 hours after cerebral ischemia enhanced motor recovery in a rat model of ischemia.Additionally,our findings indicate that electrical impedance tomography can serve as a valuable tool for quantitatively evaluating rehabilitation after ischemic stroke in vivo.These findings suggest the feasibility of using impedance data collected via electrical impedance tomography to clinically assess the effects of rehabilitatory interventions for patients with ischemic stroke.展开更多
The effect of plasma and charged particle interaction with spacecraft in a low Earth orbit(LEO)environment leads to ion focusing and the formation of an ion void in the downstream region as a result of charging.Simula...The effect of plasma and charged particle interaction with spacecraft in a low Earth orbit(LEO)environment leads to ion focusing and the formation of an ion void in the downstream region as a result of charging.Simulations and investigations using a fixed potential imposed on the spacecraft showed the nonsignificance of geophysical parameter changes to ion focusing.Variation of the temperature ratio(T_(r))contributed only to local ion focusing and manifested as two-ion streamers dispersed at the upper and lower edges of the spacecraft-the outermost layers of the satellite structure at the top and bottom,respectively.A simulation involving changing the ambient plasma density(N_(p))also showed the formation of local ion focusing,in which ions were more concentrated as the density increased.Furthermore,auroral electron density(N_(ae))variation had no clear impact on ion focusing,as indicated by static two-ion structures in the wake field.However,variation of the object potential(ϕ)strongly affected ion focusing formation,leading to distortion of the initial ion void region behind the spacecraft.The formation of ion focusing in this study was subject to the electric field produced by the object potential and the ambipolar electric field resulting from plasma expansion in the downstream region.展开更多
Non-invasive measurement of the transmission matrix(TM)enables light focusing through scattering media using linear fluorescence signals.However,its speed is limited by the frame rate of the array detector.Although ph...Non-invasive measurement of the transmission matrix(TM)enables light focusing through scattering media using linear fluorescence signals.However,its speed is limited by the frame rate of the array detector.Although photodetectors can achieve fast light focusing,they can only detect single-point signals and are ineffective in scenarios that require speckle information,such as non-invasive focusing.展开更多
Background:Platinum can cause chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment.Low-intensity focused ultrasound(LIFUS)is a promising noninvasive physical stimulation method with a unique advantage in neurological rehabilitat...Background:Platinum can cause chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment.Low-intensity focused ultrasound(LIFUS)is a promising noninvasive physical stimulation method with a unique advantage in neurological rehabilitation.We aimed to investigate whether LIFUS can alleviate cisplatin-induced cognitive impairment in rats and explore the related neuropatho-logical mechanisms.Methods:After confirming the target position for LIFUS treatment in 18 rats,64 rats were randomly divided into four groups:control,model,sham,and LIFUS groups.Before and after LIFUS treatment,detailed biological behavioral assessments and magnetic resonance imaging were performed.Finally,the rats were euthanized,and relevant histopathological and molecular biological experiments were conducted and analyzed.Results:In the Morris water maze,the model group showed fewer platform crossings(1.250.93 vs.5.691.58),a longer escape latency(41.6536.55 s vs.6.382.11 s),and a lower novel object recognition index(29.7711.83 vs.83.695.67)than the control group.LIFUS treatment improved these metrics,with more platform crossings(3.130.34),a higher recognition index(65.588.71),and a shorter escape latency(6.452.27 s).Longitudinal analysis of the LIFUS group further confirmed these improvements.Neuroimaging revealed significant differences in diffusion tensor imaging metrics of specific brain regions pre-and post-LIFUS.Moreover,neuropathology showed higher dendritic spine density,less myelin loss,fewer apoptotic cells,more synapses,and less mitochondrial autophagy after LIFUS treatment.The neuroimaging indicators were correlated with behavioral improvements,highlighting the potential of LIFUS for alleviating cognitive impairment(as demonstrated through imaging and analysis).Our investigation of the molecular biological mechanisms revealed distinct protein expression patterns in the hippocampus and its subregions.In the model group,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1(IBA1)expression levels were elevated across the hippocampus,whereas neuronal nuclei(NeuN)expression was reduced.Subregional analysis revealed higher GFAP and IBA1 and lower NeuN,especially in the dentate gyrus subregion.Moreover,positive cell areas were larger in the cornu ammonis(CA)1,CA2,CA3,and dentate gyrus regions.In the CA2 and CA3,significant differences among the groups were observed in GFAP-positive cell counts and areas,and there were variations in NeuN expression.Conclusions:Our results suggest that LIFUS can reverse cisplatin-induced cognitive impairments.The neuroimaging findings were consistent with the behavioral and histological results and suggest a neuropathological basis that supports further research into the clinical applications of LIFUS.Furthermore,LIFUS appeared to enhance the plasticity of neuronal synapses in the rat hippocampus and reduce hippocampal inflammation.These findings highlight the clinical potential of LIFUS as an effective,noninvasive therapeutic strategy and monitoring tool for chemotherapy-induced cognitive deficits.展开更多
Due to limited depth-of-field of digital single-lens reflex cameras,the scene content within a limited distance from the imaging plane remains in focus while other objects closer to or further away from the point of f...Due to limited depth-of-field of digital single-lens reflex cameras,the scene content within a limited distance from the imaging plane remains in focus while other objects closer to or further away from the point of focus appear as blurred(out-of-focus)in the image.Multi-Focus Image Fusion can be used to reconstruct a fully focused image from two or more partially focused images of the same scene.In this paper,a new Fuzzy Based Hybrid Focus Measure(FBHFM)for multi-focus image fusion has been proposed.Optimal block size is very critical step for multi-focus image fusion.Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)algorithm has been used to find optimal size of the block of the images for extraction of focus measure features.After finding optimal blocks,three focus measures Sum of Modified Laplacian,Gray Level Variance and Contrast Visibility has been extracted and combined these focus measures by using intelligent fuzzy technique.Fuzzy based hybrid intelligent focus values were estimated using contrast visibility measure to generate focused image.Different sets of multi-focus images have been used in detailed experimentation and compared the results with state-of-the-art existing techniques such as Genetic Algorithm(GA),Principal Component Analysis(PCA),Laplacian Pyramid discrete wavelet transform(DWT),and aDWT for image fusion.It has been found that proposed method performs well as compare to existing methods.展开更多
Facial expression datasets commonly exhibit imbalances between various categories or between difficult and simple samples.This imbalance introduces bias into feature extraction within facial expression recognition(FER...Facial expression datasets commonly exhibit imbalances between various categories or between difficult and simple samples.This imbalance introduces bias into feature extraction within facial expression recognition(FER)models,which hinders the algorithm’s comprehension of emotional states and reduces the overall recognition accuracy.A novel FER model is introduced to address these issues.It integrates rebalancing mechanisms to regulate attention consistency and focus,offering enhanced efficacy.Our approach proposes the following improvements:(i)rebalancing weights are used to enhance the consistency between the heatmaps of an original face sample and its horizontally flipped counterpart;(ii)coefficient factors are incorporated into the standard cross entropy loss function,and rebalancing weights are incorporated to fine-tune the loss adjustment.Experimental results indicate that the FER model outperforms the current leading algorithm,MEK,achieving 0.69%and 2.01%increases in overall and average recognition accuracies,respectively,on the RAF-DB dataset.The model exhibits accuracy improvements of 0.49%and 1.01%in the AffectNet dataset and 0.83%and 1.23%in the FERPlus dataset,respectively.These outcomes validate the superiority and stability of the proposed FER model.展开更多
Drawing upon self-determination theory,this study examines the effects of vicarious abusive supervision on third-party’s self-efficacy and task performance within organizational contexts.Data were collected via surve...Drawing upon self-determination theory,this study examines the effects of vicarious abusive supervision on third-party’s self-efficacy and task performance within organizational contexts.Data were collected via surveys from 337 employees across diverse organizations.The results indicate that vicarious abusive supervision significantly undermines both self-efficacy and task performance among employees who are indirectly exposed to such behavior but not directly targeted.Furthermore,self-efficacy serves as a mediator between vicarious abusive supervision and task performance;however,this mediating effect is attenuated for employees with a high promotion focus.These findings provide valuable theoretical and practical insights,particularly in the domain of organizational behavior,by emphasizing the critical role of promotion focus in mitigating the negative effects of vicarious abusive supervision.This research contributes to the organizational behavior literature by shifting the focus from the traditional supervisor-subordinate dynamic to a third-party perspective,thereby enriching our understanding of how vicarious abusive supervision impacts employees within organizational settings.The study underscores the importance of self-efficacy and promotion focus as key factors in unethical leadership contexts.展开更多
President Xi Jinping’s message at China’s annual“two sessions”underpins the role of scientific and technological innovation and education in promoting national development.IN this year’s“two sessions,”the annua...President Xi Jinping’s message at China’s annual“two sessions”underpins the role of scientific and technological innovation and education in promoting national development.IN this year’s“two sessions,”the annual meetings of China’s top legislature and the top political advisory body.展开更多
AIM:To assess visual outcomes and satisfaction of a non-diffractive extended depth of focus(EDOF)intraocular lens(IOL)in individuals with ocular hypertension(OHT)and well-controlled mild glaucoma undergoing cataract s...AIM:To assess visual outcomes and satisfaction of a non-diffractive extended depth of focus(EDOF)intraocular lens(IOL)in individuals with ocular hypertension(OHT)and well-controlled mild glaucoma undergoing cataract surgery.METHODS:An investigator-initiated,single-center,prospective,interventional,noncomparative study conducted in Montreal,Canada.The study enrolled 31 patients(55 eyes)with OHT or mild glaucoma who received a non-diffractive EDOF IOL(Acrysof IQ Vivity).Participants underwent sequential cataract surgery with the Vivity IOL.Follow-up evaluations occurred at 1d,1,and 3mo postoperatively,assessing uncorrected distance,intermediate,and near visual acuity.Questionnaires(QUVID:Questionnaire for visual disturbances and IOLSAT:Intraocular lens satisfaction)were administered pre and post-operatively to measure visual disturbances and spectacle independence in various lighting.Safety parameters included intraocular pressure(IOP),glaucoma medications,spherical equivalence,mean deviation and pattern standard deviation or square root of lost variance on Octopus visual field.RESULTS:At 1 and 3mo postoperatively,significant improvements were observed in uncorrected distance and intermediate visual acuity.Spectacle independence was enhanced for distance and intermediate vision,especially in bright light settings.Spectacle-free intermediate vision was improved even in dim lighting.Visual disturbances,particularly glare symptoms,were reduced,and there was a notable decrease in IOP and glaucoma medication burden at 3mo.There was more hazy vision postoperatively with no impact on visual acuity and visual satisfaction.CONCLUSION:The non-diffractive EDOF lens improves distance and intermediate spectacle-free visual function in patients with OHT and well-controlled glaucoma.The findings highlight significant improvements in visual acuity,reduced glare,enhanced spectacle independence,and improved visual performance in different lighting conditions.展开更多
Dynamically tunable terahertz(THz)beam focusing plays a critical role in emerging applications including reconfigurable imaging,localized spectral analysis,and micro-machining.Conventional methods,however,frequently e...Dynamically tunable terahertz(THz)beam focusing plays a critical role in emerging applications including reconfigurable imaging,localized spectral analysis,and micro-machining.Conventional methods,however,frequently employ complex wavefront modulators and external control algorithms,resulting in increased system footprint and limited tuning efficiency.In this work,we present an all-silicon mechanically rotatable cascaded metasurface capable of dynamic THz beam focusing.By independently adjusting the relative rotation angles between the two metasurface layers,real-time repositioning of the focal spot is achieved for orthogonal circular polarization channels.The proposed design facilitates polarization-division multiplexing without requiring external algorithms or active materials while preserving high focusing efficiency and beam quality across a predefined focal plane.Numerical simulations reveal a quasi-linear shift of the focal position with the rotation angle,with stable focusing efficiency and full-width at half-maximum observed in both polarization channels.This strategy offers an efficient and reliable approach to dynamic wavefront control for compact,reconfigurable THz imaging,sensing,and communication systems.展开更多
Measurement precision of laser displacement sensor is subject to various factors,among which laser jitter and target tilt will directly lead to the position movement and shape variation of the laser spot,resulting in ...Measurement precision of laser displacement sensor is subject to various factors,among which laser jitter and target tilt will directly lead to the position movement and shape variation of the laser spot,resulting in displacement measurement errors,so that researchers have to do a lot of research on the spot centering algorithm to weaken the above effects,which can treat the symptoms but not the root cause.Starting from the source of the problem,this paper proposes a double focus double peak solution,which uses a reflector to change the direction of the optical path,so that the imaging spots of the designed two optical paths focus on the same CMOS,forming a double peak structure.When laser jitter or target tilt occurs,the center of the two laser spots is shifted,but they move in the same direction,while their relative position remains unchanged.Therefore,the displacement can be characterized by the relative position of the two laser spots,so that laser jitter and target tilt are suppressed from the source.However,the two spots imaged on CMOS form a non-Gaussian distributed double peak structure,so the conventional laser spot centering algorithms are no longer applicable.To this end,a double peak adaptive threshold waveform extraction method combined with grayscale gravity method is proposed for spot centering algorithm,which combines the suppression of laser jitter and target tilt from the source and the improvement of spot positioning precision which represents the displacement measurement precision,and is experimentally verified.展开更多
Techniques for manipulating nanodroplets lie at the core of numerous miniaturized systems in chemical and biological research endeavors.In this study,we introduce a versatile methodology for calculating the acoustic v...Techniques for manipulating nanodroplets lie at the core of numerous miniaturized systems in chemical and biological research endeavors.In this study,we introduce a versatile methodology for calculating the acoustic vortex field,integrating hybrid wave equation principles with ray acoustics.This approach demonstrates remarkable consistency between simulated results and experimental observations.Importantly,both theoretical analysis and experimental validation confirm that particles whose diameters match the wavelength(Mie particles)can be effectively trapped within a focused acoustic vortex field,rotating in circular trajectories centered at the vortex center.This research significantly expands the scope of acoustic vortex manipulation for larger particles and introduces a novel implementation strategy with potential applications in targeted drug delivery for clinical adjuvant therapy.展开更多
文摘This study examines whether and how cues focusing enhances Chinese-speaking English learners’engagement in comparison,thereby facilitating their acquisition of English articles within xu-based comparative continuation writing tasks.Fifty English majors from a Chinese university were randomly assigned to three groups and each group was required to complete a comparative continuation task with one of three conditions:paired cues(cues presented in pairs),randomized cues(cues presented in random order),or implicit cues(no explicit cues provided).All participants undertook pretests,posttests,and delayed tests on English article knowledge,and ten of them volunteered to take follow-up interviews.The results indicate that:1)paired cues were more effective than randomized or implicit cues in promoting the acquisition of English articles;and 2)learners in the paired cues condition produced more target-like article usage in their continuation writings compared to those in the other two conditions.The effectiveness of paired cues is attributed to an enhanced contrast effect,which prompts learners to identify similarities and differences between cues within each pair,relates cue explanations and examples with actual article usage in the reading text,and reflects upon and compares their own article productions against those in the provided reading text.The study concludes that the process of learning through continuation is fundamentally supported by learners’capacity for comparison,reinforcing its role as a core element of xu-competence.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nos.G2021KY05107,G2021KY05101the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32071316,32211530049+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,No.2022-JM482the Education and Teaching Reform Funds for the Central Universities,No.23GZ230102(all to LL and HH).
文摘Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance tomography enables real-time monitoring of changes in cerebral blood perfusion within the ischemic brain,but investigating the feasibility of using this method to assess post-stroke rehabilitation in vivo remains critical.In this study,ischemic stroke was induced in rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery.Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation was used to treat the rat model of ischemia,and electrical impedance tomography was used to measure impedance during both the acute stage of ischemia and the rehabilitation stage following the stimulation.Electrical impedance tomography results indicated that cerebral impedance increased after the onset of ischemia and decreased following transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation.Furthermore,the stimulation promoted motor function recovery,reduced cerebral infarction volume in the rat model of ischemic stroke,and induced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic brain.Our results also revealed a significant correlation between the impedance of the ischemic brain post-intervention and improvements in behavioral scores and infarct volume.This study shows that daily administration of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation for 20 minutes to the ischemic hemisphere 24 hours after cerebral ischemia enhanced motor recovery in a rat model of ischemia.Additionally,our findings indicate that electrical impedance tomography can serve as a valuable tool for quantitatively evaluating rehabilitation after ischemic stroke in vivo.These findings suggest the feasibility of using impedance data collected via electrical impedance tomography to clinically assess the effects of rehabilitatory interventions for patients with ischemic stroke.
基金Kobe Universitythe National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)
文摘The effect of plasma and charged particle interaction with spacecraft in a low Earth orbit(LEO)environment leads to ion focusing and the formation of an ion void in the downstream region as a result of charging.Simulations and investigations using a fixed potential imposed on the spacecraft showed the nonsignificance of geophysical parameter changes to ion focusing.Variation of the temperature ratio(T_(r))contributed only to local ion focusing and manifested as two-ion streamers dispersed at the upper and lower edges of the spacecraft-the outermost layers of the satellite structure at the top and bottom,respectively.A simulation involving changing the ambient plasma density(N_(p))also showed the formation of local ion focusing,in which ions were more concentrated as the density increased.Furthermore,auroral electron density(N_(ae))variation had no clear impact on ion focusing,as indicated by static two-ion structures in the wake field.However,variation of the object potential(ϕ)strongly affected ion focusing formation,leading to distortion of the initial ion void region behind the spacecraft.The formation of ion focusing in this study was subject to the electric field produced by the object potential and the ambipolar electric field resulting from plasma expansion in the downstream region.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62275188)Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund(YDZJSX2024D019)。
文摘Non-invasive measurement of the transmission matrix(TM)enables light focusing through scattering media using linear fluorescence signals.However,its speed is limited by the frame rate of the array detector.Although photodetectors can achieve fast light focusing,they can only detect single-point signals and are ineffective in scenarios that require speckle information,such as non-invasive focusing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82171908 and 82102015)the General Project of the Nanjing Medical Science and Technology Development Program(YKK21075)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515140030).
文摘Background:Platinum can cause chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment.Low-intensity focused ultrasound(LIFUS)is a promising noninvasive physical stimulation method with a unique advantage in neurological rehabilitation.We aimed to investigate whether LIFUS can alleviate cisplatin-induced cognitive impairment in rats and explore the related neuropatho-logical mechanisms.Methods:After confirming the target position for LIFUS treatment in 18 rats,64 rats were randomly divided into four groups:control,model,sham,and LIFUS groups.Before and after LIFUS treatment,detailed biological behavioral assessments and magnetic resonance imaging were performed.Finally,the rats were euthanized,and relevant histopathological and molecular biological experiments were conducted and analyzed.Results:In the Morris water maze,the model group showed fewer platform crossings(1.250.93 vs.5.691.58),a longer escape latency(41.6536.55 s vs.6.382.11 s),and a lower novel object recognition index(29.7711.83 vs.83.695.67)than the control group.LIFUS treatment improved these metrics,with more platform crossings(3.130.34),a higher recognition index(65.588.71),and a shorter escape latency(6.452.27 s).Longitudinal analysis of the LIFUS group further confirmed these improvements.Neuroimaging revealed significant differences in diffusion tensor imaging metrics of specific brain regions pre-and post-LIFUS.Moreover,neuropathology showed higher dendritic spine density,less myelin loss,fewer apoptotic cells,more synapses,and less mitochondrial autophagy after LIFUS treatment.The neuroimaging indicators were correlated with behavioral improvements,highlighting the potential of LIFUS for alleviating cognitive impairment(as demonstrated through imaging and analysis).Our investigation of the molecular biological mechanisms revealed distinct protein expression patterns in the hippocampus and its subregions.In the model group,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1(IBA1)expression levels were elevated across the hippocampus,whereas neuronal nuclei(NeuN)expression was reduced.Subregional analysis revealed higher GFAP and IBA1 and lower NeuN,especially in the dentate gyrus subregion.Moreover,positive cell areas were larger in the cornu ammonis(CA)1,CA2,CA3,and dentate gyrus regions.In the CA2 and CA3,significant differences among the groups were observed in GFAP-positive cell counts and areas,and there were variations in NeuN expression.Conclusions:Our results suggest that LIFUS can reverse cisplatin-induced cognitive impairments.The neuroimaging findings were consistent with the behavioral and histological results and suggest a neuropathological basis that supports further research into the clinical applications of LIFUS.Furthermore,LIFUS appeared to enhance the plasticity of neuronal synapses in the rat hippocampus and reduce hippocampal inflammation.These findings highlight the clinical potential of LIFUS as an effective,noninvasive therapeutic strategy and monitoring tool for chemotherapy-induced cognitive deficits.
文摘Due to limited depth-of-field of digital single-lens reflex cameras,the scene content within a limited distance from the imaging plane remains in focus while other objects closer to or further away from the point of focus appear as blurred(out-of-focus)in the image.Multi-Focus Image Fusion can be used to reconstruct a fully focused image from two or more partially focused images of the same scene.In this paper,a new Fuzzy Based Hybrid Focus Measure(FBHFM)for multi-focus image fusion has been proposed.Optimal block size is very critical step for multi-focus image fusion.Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)algorithm has been used to find optimal size of the block of the images for extraction of focus measure features.After finding optimal blocks,three focus measures Sum of Modified Laplacian,Gray Level Variance and Contrast Visibility has been extracted and combined these focus measures by using intelligent fuzzy technique.Fuzzy based hybrid intelligent focus values were estimated using contrast visibility measure to generate focused image.Different sets of multi-focus images have been used in detailed experimentation and compared the results with state-of-the-art existing techniques such as Genetic Algorithm(GA),Principal Component Analysis(PCA),Laplacian Pyramid discrete wavelet transform(DWT),and aDWT for image fusion.It has been found that proposed method performs well as compare to existing methods.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number 62477023).
文摘Facial expression datasets commonly exhibit imbalances between various categories or between difficult and simple samples.This imbalance introduces bias into feature extraction within facial expression recognition(FER)models,which hinders the algorithm’s comprehension of emotional states and reduces the overall recognition accuracy.A novel FER model is introduced to address these issues.It integrates rebalancing mechanisms to regulate attention consistency and focus,offering enhanced efficacy.Our approach proposes the following improvements:(i)rebalancing weights are used to enhance the consistency between the heatmaps of an original face sample and its horizontally flipped counterpart;(ii)coefficient factors are incorporated into the standard cross entropy loss function,and rebalancing weights are incorporated to fine-tune the loss adjustment.Experimental results indicate that the FER model outperforms the current leading algorithm,MEK,achieving 0.69%and 2.01%increases in overall and average recognition accuracies,respectively,on the RAF-DB dataset.The model exhibits accuracy improvements of 0.49%and 1.01%in the AffectNet dataset and 0.83%and 1.23%in the FERPlus dataset,respectively.These outcomes validate the superiority and stability of the proposed FER model.
文摘Drawing upon self-determination theory,this study examines the effects of vicarious abusive supervision on third-party’s self-efficacy and task performance within organizational contexts.Data were collected via surveys from 337 employees across diverse organizations.The results indicate that vicarious abusive supervision significantly undermines both self-efficacy and task performance among employees who are indirectly exposed to such behavior but not directly targeted.Furthermore,self-efficacy serves as a mediator between vicarious abusive supervision and task performance;however,this mediating effect is attenuated for employees with a high promotion focus.These findings provide valuable theoretical and practical insights,particularly in the domain of organizational behavior,by emphasizing the critical role of promotion focus in mitigating the negative effects of vicarious abusive supervision.This research contributes to the organizational behavior literature by shifting the focus from the traditional supervisor-subordinate dynamic to a third-party perspective,thereby enriching our understanding of how vicarious abusive supervision impacts employees within organizational settings.The study underscores the importance of self-efficacy and promotion focus as key factors in unethical leadership contexts.
文摘President Xi Jinping’s message at China’s annual“two sessions”underpins the role of scientific and technological innovation and education in promoting national development.IN this year’s“two sessions,”the annual meetings of China’s top legislature and the top political advisory body.
文摘AIM:To assess visual outcomes and satisfaction of a non-diffractive extended depth of focus(EDOF)intraocular lens(IOL)in individuals with ocular hypertension(OHT)and well-controlled mild glaucoma undergoing cataract surgery.METHODS:An investigator-initiated,single-center,prospective,interventional,noncomparative study conducted in Montreal,Canada.The study enrolled 31 patients(55 eyes)with OHT or mild glaucoma who received a non-diffractive EDOF IOL(Acrysof IQ Vivity).Participants underwent sequential cataract surgery with the Vivity IOL.Follow-up evaluations occurred at 1d,1,and 3mo postoperatively,assessing uncorrected distance,intermediate,and near visual acuity.Questionnaires(QUVID:Questionnaire for visual disturbances and IOLSAT:Intraocular lens satisfaction)were administered pre and post-operatively to measure visual disturbances and spectacle independence in various lighting.Safety parameters included intraocular pressure(IOP),glaucoma medications,spherical equivalence,mean deviation and pattern standard deviation or square root of lost variance on Octopus visual field.RESULTS:At 1 and 3mo postoperatively,significant improvements were observed in uncorrected distance and intermediate visual acuity.Spectacle independence was enhanced for distance and intermediate vision,especially in bright light settings.Spectacle-free intermediate vision was improved even in dim lighting.Visual disturbances,particularly glare symptoms,were reduced,and there was a notable decrease in IOP and glaucoma medication burden at 3mo.There was more hazy vision postoperatively with no impact on visual acuity and visual satisfaction.CONCLUSION:The non-diffractive EDOF lens improves distance and intermediate spectacle-free visual function in patients with OHT and well-controlled glaucoma.The findings highlight significant improvements in visual acuity,reduced glare,enhanced spectacle independence,and improved visual performance in different lighting conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants U22A2008,12404484,12464016,and 62405219)the Double First Class Joint Special Key Project of Yunnan Science and Technology Department and Yunnan University(Grant 202401BF070001-012)Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Program(Grant 25QNJJ2419).
文摘Dynamically tunable terahertz(THz)beam focusing plays a critical role in emerging applications including reconfigurable imaging,localized spectral analysis,and micro-machining.Conventional methods,however,frequently employ complex wavefront modulators and external control algorithms,resulting in increased system footprint and limited tuning efficiency.In this work,we present an all-silicon mechanically rotatable cascaded metasurface capable of dynamic THz beam focusing.By independently adjusting the relative rotation angles between the two metasurface layers,real-time repositioning of the focal spot is achieved for orthogonal circular polarization channels.The proposed design facilitates polarization-division multiplexing without requiring external algorithms or active materials while preserving high focusing efficiency and beam quality across a predefined focal plane.Numerical simulations reveal a quasi-linear shift of the focal position with the rotation angle,with stable focusing efficiency and full-width at half-maximum observed in both polarization channels.This strategy offers an efficient and reliable approach to dynamic wavefront control for compact,reconfigurable THz imaging,sensing,and communication systems.
基金the Biomedical Science and Technology Support Special Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.20S31908300)。
文摘Measurement precision of laser displacement sensor is subject to various factors,among which laser jitter and target tilt will directly lead to the position movement and shape variation of the laser spot,resulting in displacement measurement errors,so that researchers have to do a lot of research on the spot centering algorithm to weaken the above effects,which can treat the symptoms but not the root cause.Starting from the source of the problem,this paper proposes a double focus double peak solution,which uses a reflector to change the direction of the optical path,so that the imaging spots of the designed two optical paths focus on the same CMOS,forming a double peak structure.When laser jitter or target tilt occurs,the center of the two laser spots is shifted,but they move in the same direction,while their relative position remains unchanged.Therefore,the displacement can be characterized by the relative position of the two laser spots,so that laser jitter and target tilt are suppressed from the source.However,the two spots imaged on CMOS form a non-Gaussian distributed double peak structure,so the conventional laser spot centering algorithms are no longer applicable.To this end,a double peak adaptive threshold waveform extraction method combined with grayscale gravity method is proposed for spot centering algorithm,which combines the suppression of laser jitter and target tilt from the source and the improvement of spot positioning precision which represents the displacement measurement precision,and is experimentally verified.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFE0201900)。
文摘Techniques for manipulating nanodroplets lie at the core of numerous miniaturized systems in chemical and biological research endeavors.In this study,we introduce a versatile methodology for calculating the acoustic vortex field,integrating hybrid wave equation principles with ray acoustics.This approach demonstrates remarkable consistency between simulated results and experimental observations.Importantly,both theoretical analysis and experimental validation confirm that particles whose diameters match the wavelength(Mie particles)can be effectively trapped within a focused acoustic vortex field,rotating in circular trajectories centered at the vortex center.This research significantly expands the scope of acoustic vortex manipulation for larger particles and introduces a novel implementation strategy with potential applications in targeted drug delivery for clinical adjuvant therapy.
