Fusarium wilt of banana, which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 （Foc TR4）, is a serious soil-borne fungal disease. Now, the epigenetic molecular pathogenic basis is elusive. In this stu...Fusarium wilt of banana, which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 （Foc TR4）, is a serious soil-borne fungal disease. Now, the epigenetic molecular pathogenic basis is elusive. In this study, with methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism （MSAP） technique, DNA methylation was compared between the leaves inoculated with Foc TR4 and the mock-inoculated leaves at different pathogenic stages. With 25 pairs of primers, 1 144 and 1 255 fragments were amplified from the infected and mock-inoculated leaves, respectively. DNA methylation was both changed and the average methylated CCGG sequences were 34.81 and 29.26% for the infected and the mock-inoculated leaves. And DNA hypermethylation and hypomethylation were induced by pathogen infection during all pathogenic stages. Further, 69 polymorphic fragments were sequenced and 29 of them showed sequence similarity to genes with known functions. And RT-PCR results of four genes indicated that their expression patterns were consistent with their methylation patterns. Our results suggest that DNA methylation plays important roles in pathogenic response to Foc TR4 for banana.展开更多
Vascular wilt,a disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense tropical race 4(Foc TR4),is highly destructive to bananas.Identifying genes that contribute to the fungus’s virulence is crucial for understanding its...Vascular wilt,a disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense tropical race 4(Foc TR4),is highly destructive to bananas.Identifying genes that contribute to the fungus’s virulence is crucial for understanding its pathogenesis.In this review,we provide an overview of recent research on genes involved in various aspects of Foc TR4’s pathogenic process.These include signal recognition and transduction,the formation of cellular structures,regulation through microRNA and epigenetic mechanisms,effector secretion,and toxin secretion.We place a particular emphasis on discussing effectors that either facilitate virulence or serve as elicitors of host defense responses.Given the limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying Foc TR4 pathogenesis,summarizing the research on these functional genes is necessary and timely.Our integrative information will facilitate research on identification of more key genes involved in the invasiveness of Foc TR4,contributing to more systemic understanding of pathogenesis of this important pathogen.These findings will,in turn,offer potential targets for the development of effective fungicides or soil disinfectants to combat this devastating disease.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30860149 and 31360364)the Joint Support Program from Tropical Crop Breeding Engineering Center of Ministry of Education of China+1 种基金the Crop Science National Key Disciplines of China (lhxm-2012-2)the Key Scientific Research Program from Hainan Province,China (ZDZX2013023)
文摘Fusarium wilt of banana, which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 （Foc TR4）, is a serious soil-borne fungal disease. Now, the epigenetic molecular pathogenic basis is elusive. In this study, with methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism （MSAP） technique, DNA methylation was compared between the leaves inoculated with Foc TR4 and the mock-inoculated leaves at different pathogenic stages. With 25 pairs of primers, 1 144 and 1 255 fragments were amplified from the infected and mock-inoculated leaves, respectively. DNA methylation was both changed and the average methylated CCGG sequences were 34.81 and 29.26% for the infected and the mock-inoculated leaves. And DNA hypermethylation and hypomethylation were induced by pathogen infection during all pathogenic stages. Further, 69 polymorphic fragments were sequenced and 29 of them showed sequence similarity to genes with known functions. And RT-PCR results of four genes indicated that their expression patterns were consistent with their methylation patterns. Our results suggest that DNA methylation plays important roles in pathogenic response to Foc TR4 for banana.
基金supported by Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1630042024018)the earmarked fund for CARS-31.
文摘Vascular wilt,a disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense tropical race 4(Foc TR4),is highly destructive to bananas.Identifying genes that contribute to the fungus’s virulence is crucial for understanding its pathogenesis.In this review,we provide an overview of recent research on genes involved in various aspects of Foc TR4’s pathogenic process.These include signal recognition and transduction,the formation of cellular structures,regulation through microRNA and epigenetic mechanisms,effector secretion,and toxin secretion.We place a particular emphasis on discussing effectors that either facilitate virulence or serve as elicitors of host defense responses.Given the limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying Foc TR4 pathogenesis,summarizing the research on these functional genes is necessary and timely.Our integrative information will facilitate research on identification of more key genes involved in the invasiveness of Foc TR4,contributing to more systemic understanding of pathogenesis of this important pathogen.These findings will,in turn,offer potential targets for the development of effective fungicides or soil disinfectants to combat this devastating disease.
