A classic mass loaded flux tube model and the diquark picture are employed to explore both mesons and baryons. The spectrum of Λc＋ baryons and Ds mesons is systematically obtained. The spin-orbit interaction in Ds w...A classic mass loaded flux tube model and the diquark picture are employed to explore both mesons and baryons. The spectrum of Λc＋ baryons and Ds mesons is systematically obtained. The spin-orbit interaction in Ds was simplified as an L·S coupling. The spin-orbit interaction in Λc was simplified as a Jl ·Jc coupling. The predicted masses are consistent with the latest experiments.展开更多
Heavy-light hadrons are studied in a mass loaded flux tube model. The study indicates that the dynamics of mesons and baryons containing a c quark is described well by the mass loaded flux tube. The hypothesis of good...Heavy-light hadrons are studied in a mass loaded flux tube model. The study indicates that the dynamics of mesons and baryons containing a c quark is described well by the mass loaded flux tube. The hypothesis of good diquark-antiquark degeneracy is found reasonable in heavy-light quark systems. The spectrum of charmed （D） and charmed strange （Ds） mesons is systematically computed. D and Ds in 1D multiplets are predicted to have lower masses in comparison with other theoretical predictions. The predicted masses of the 1（13D1） and the 3（13D3） Ds agree well with those of recently observed Ds1（2700）± and DsJ（2860）, respectively.展开更多
Isolated magnetic flux tubes are the basic configurations of magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere. The space is divided into two regions for the flux tube model: one with weak magnetic field outside the flux tube m...Isolated magnetic flux tubes are the basic configurations of magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere. The space is divided into two regions for the flux tube model: one with weak magnetic field outside the flux tube may be described by the model of stratified atmosphere, the other with stronger magnetic field inside the flux tube may be described by the model of force-free field. The present note discusses a sort of models shown in Fig. 1, where the region inside the flux tube is described by the relationships of magnetostatic equilibrium.展开更多
In the present paper, an isolated axisymmetric flux tube is discussed for slender magnetic configuration. The magnetostatic model and the stratified atmospheric model are applied, respectively, to the regions inside a...In the present paper, an isolated axisymmetric flux tube is discussed for slender magnetic configuration. The magnetostatic model and the stratified atmospheric model are applied, respectively, to the regions inside and outside the flux tube. The problem is described mathematically by the nonlinear partial differential equations under the nonlinear boundary condition at the free boundary of flux tube. According to the approximation of a small expansive angle, the solutions of series expressions are obtained formally. The model of polytropic plasma is discussed in detail especially. The results show the distributions of thermodynamic quantities and magnetic field extending from the high β region to the low β region, and the flux tube may be either divergent or convergent according to the pressure difference outside and inside the flux tube.展开更多
In order to realize steady-state operation of the neutral beam injection（NBI） system with high beam energy,an accurate thermal analysis and a prediction about working conditions of heat-removal structures inside hig...In order to realize steady-state operation of the neutral beam injection（NBI） system with high beam energy,an accurate thermal analysis and a prediction about working conditions of heat-removal structures inside high-heat-flux（HHF） components in the system are key issues.In this paper,taking the HHF ion dump with swirl tubes in NBI system as an example,an accurate thermal dynamic simulation method based on computational fluid dynamics（CFD） and the finite volume method is presented to predict performance of the HHF component.In this simulation method,the Eulerian multiphase method together with some empirical corrections about the inter-phase transfer model and the wall heat flux partitioning model are considered to describe the subcooled boiling.The reliability of the proposed method is validated by an experimental example with subcooled boiling inside swirl tube.The proposed method provides an important tool for the refined thermal and flow dynamic analysis of HHF components,and can be extended to study the thermal design of other complex HHF engineering structures in a straightforward way.The simulation results also verify that the swirl tube is a promising heat removing structure for the HHF components of the NBI system.展开更多
Wall thickness is always a key index for boiler tube inspection in power plant,in order to improve the inspection efficiency and accuracy,a new method fusing the magnetic and ultrasonic technique was proposed.The magn...Wall thickness is always a key index for boiler tube inspection in power plant,in order to improve the inspection efficiency and accuracy,a new method fusing the magnetic and ultrasonic technique was proposed.The magnetic technique was used to do full inspection and locate the flaws,and the ultrasonic was employed to implement further quantitative inspection accu- rately.After comparing the precision of the polynomial,exponential and logarithmic function,the polynomial model was selected to fit the relations between the wall thickness and the peak value of magnetic signals,and the data measured by ultrasonic thickness meter was used to calibrate the model parameters online,the defect depth can be sized quickly.The experimental results demon- grate that the model used in this system has better accuracy than the statistics relation model clearly,and it is also suitable for defect evaluation real-time.Moreover,it is unnecessary to have much more experimental data for the curve fitting technology,so it has better practicability than the other methods.展开更多
Quantum gravity is an attempt to resolve incompatibilities between general relativity and quantum theory. Primordial field theory incorporates gravity and electrodynamics and has derived fermion mass gap, half integra...Quantum gravity is an attempt to resolve incompatibilities between general relativity and quantum theory. Primordial field theory incorporates gravity and electrodynamics and has derived fermion mass gap, half integral spin, and fractional charges. This paper extends PFT to hadron physics with a “solenoidal flux”-based explanation of quark confinement differing significantly from Lattice QCD “color flux”-based construction. The theory is presented qualitatively and used to predict hadronic and nuclear properties. Electrodynamic-based analogies help yield numerical results far more intuitively than corresponding QCD results. The origins of QCD and PFT are discussed. A more quantitative description of hadron dynamics is in progress.展开更多
在低质量流速条件下,对垂直上升内螺纹管内汽水两相流动沸腾传热特性进行了系统的试验研究。试验段采用了材料为SA-213T12的φ32mm×6.3mm四头内螺纹管。试验参数范围为压力p=12～21MPa,质量流速G=232～773kg/(m2·s),内壁热流...在低质量流速条件下,对垂直上升内螺纹管内汽水两相流动沸腾传热特性进行了系统的试验研究。试验段采用了材料为SA-213T12的φ32mm×6.3mm四头内螺纹管。试验参数范围为压力p=12～21MPa,质量流速G=232～773kg/(m2·s),内壁热流密度q=132～663kW/m2。试验得到了不同工况下垂直上升内螺纹管的壁温分布特性,分析了压力、内壁热负荷和质量流速变化对内螺纹管传热特性的影响,探讨了传热恶化的发生机制,并给出了能用于工程实际的传热试验关联式。试验结果表明:在亚临界及近临界压力区,垂直上升内螺纹管会发生第2类传热恶化——干涸(dryout),而在试验中未观测到第1类传热恶化——膜态沸腾(departure from nucleate boiling,DNB)。压力与内壁热负荷的增大,以及质量流速的减小,均会导致干涸提前发生和干涸后的壁温飞升值增大。与亚临界压力区相比,内螺纹管在近临界压力区的传热特性变差,管壁温度显著升高,发生传热恶化时的临界焓值减小。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(10775093)
文摘A classic mass loaded flux tube model and the diquark picture are employed to explore both mesons and baryons. The spectrum of Λc＋ baryons and Ds mesons is systematically obtained. The spin-orbit interaction in Ds was simplified as an L·S coupling. The spin-orbit interaction in Λc was simplified as a Jl ·Jc coupling. The predicted masses are consistent with the latest experiments.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10775093)
文摘Heavy-light hadrons are studied in a mass loaded flux tube model. The study indicates that the dynamics of mesons and baryons containing a c quark is described well by the mass loaded flux tube. The hypothesis of good diquark-antiquark degeneracy is found reasonable in heavy-light quark systems. The spectrum of charmed （D） and charmed strange （Ds） mesons is systematically computed. D and Ds in 1D multiplets are predicted to have lower masses in comparison with other theoretical predictions. The predicted masses of the 1（13D1） and the 3（13D3） Ds agree well with those of recently observed Ds1（2700）± and DsJ（2860）, respectively.
文摘Isolated magnetic flux tubes are the basic configurations of magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere. The space is divided into two regions for the flux tube model: one with weak magnetic field outside the flux tube may be described by the model of stratified atmosphere, the other with stronger magnetic field inside the flux tube may be described by the model of force-free field. The present note discusses a sort of models shown in Fig. 1, where the region inside the flux tube is described by the relationships of magnetostatic equilibrium.
文摘In the present paper, an isolated axisymmetric flux tube is discussed for slender magnetic configuration. The magnetostatic model and the stratified atmospheric model are applied, respectively, to the regions inside and outside the flux tube. The problem is described mathematically by the nonlinear partial differential equations under the nonlinear boundary condition at the free boundary of flux tube. According to the approximation of a small expansive angle, the solutions of series expressions are obtained formally. The model of polytropic plasma is discussed in detail especially. The results show the distributions of thermodynamic quantities and magnetic field extending from the high β region to the low β region, and the flux tube may be either divergent or convergent according to the pressure difference outside and inside the flux tube.
基金supported by the Special Program of ITER(International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor)in China(No.2013GB101002)
文摘In order to realize steady-state operation of the neutral beam injection（NBI） system with high beam energy,an accurate thermal analysis and a prediction about working conditions of heat-removal structures inside high-heat-flux（HHF） components in the system are key issues.In this paper,taking the HHF ion dump with swirl tubes in NBI system as an example,an accurate thermal dynamic simulation method based on computational fluid dynamics（CFD） and the finite volume method is presented to predict performance of the HHF component.In this simulation method,the Eulerian multiphase method together with some empirical corrections about the inter-phase transfer model and the wall heat flux partitioning model are considered to describe the subcooled boiling.The reliability of the proposed method is validated by an experimental example with subcooled boiling inside swirl tube.The proposed method provides an important tool for the refined thermal and flow dynamic analysis of HHF components,and can be extended to study the thermal design of other complex HHF engineering structures in a straightforward way.The simulation results also verify that the swirl tube is a promising heat removing structure for the HHF components of the NBI system.
基金Project(No.20045006071-27)supported by the Youth Chengguang Project of Science and Technology of Wuhan City of Chinathe Open Foundation of Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacture Quality Engineering(No.LMQ2005B07).
文摘Wall thickness is always a key index for boiler tube inspection in power plant,in order to improve the inspection efficiency and accuracy,a new method fusing the magnetic and ultrasonic technique was proposed.The magnetic technique was used to do full inspection and locate the flaws,and the ultrasonic was employed to implement further quantitative inspection accu- rately.After comparing the precision of the polynomial,exponential and logarithmic function,the polynomial model was selected to fit the relations between the wall thickness and the peak value of magnetic signals,and the data measured by ultrasonic thickness meter was used to calibrate the model parameters online,the defect depth can be sized quickly.The experimental results demon- grate that the model used in this system has better accuracy than the statistics relation model clearly,and it is also suitable for defect evaluation real-time.Moreover,it is unnecessary to have much more experimental data for the curve fitting technology,so it has better practicability than the other methods.
文摘Quantum gravity is an attempt to resolve incompatibilities between general relativity and quantum theory. Primordial field theory incorporates gravity and electrodynamics and has derived fermion mass gap, half integral spin, and fractional charges. This paper extends PFT to hadron physics with a “solenoidal flux”-based explanation of quark confinement differing significantly from Lattice QCD “color flux”-based construction. The theory is presented qualitatively and used to predict hadronic and nuclear properties. Electrodynamic-based analogies help yield numerical results far more intuitively than corresponding QCD results. The origins of QCD and PFT are discussed. A more quantitative description of hadron dynamics is in progress.
文摘在低质量流速条件下,对垂直上升内螺纹管内汽水两相流动沸腾传热特性进行了系统的试验研究。试验段采用了材料为SA-213T12的φ32mm×6.3mm四头内螺纹管。试验参数范围为压力p=12～21MPa,质量流速G=232～773kg/(m2·s),内壁热流密度q=132～663kW/m2。试验得到了不同工况下垂直上升内螺纹管的壁温分布特性,分析了压力、内壁热负荷和质量流速变化对内螺纹管传热特性的影响,探讨了传热恶化的发生机制,并给出了能用于工程实际的传热试验关联式。试验结果表明:在亚临界及近临界压力区,垂直上升内螺纹管会发生第2类传热恶化——干涸(dryout),而在试验中未观测到第1类传热恶化——膜态沸腾(departure from nucleate boiling,DNB)。压力与内壁热负荷的增大,以及质量流速的减小,均会导致干涸提前发生和干涸后的壁温飞升值增大。与亚临界压力区相比,内螺纹管在近临界压力区的传热特性变差,管壁温度显著升高,发生传热恶化时的临界焓值减小。
