Fluorescent probes have revolutionized optical imaging and biosensing by enabling real-time visualization, quantification, and tracking of biological processes at molecular and cellular levels. These probes, ranging f...Fluorescent probes have revolutionized optical imaging and biosensing by enabling real-time visualization, quantification, and tracking of biological processes at molecular and cellular levels. These probes, ranging from organic dyes to genetically encoded proteins and nanomaterials, provide unparalleled specificity, sensitivity, and multiplexing capabilities. However, challenges such as brightness, photobleaching, biocompatibility, and emission range continue to drive innovation in probe design and application. This special issue, comprising four review papers and seven original research studies, highlights cutting-edge advancements in fluorescent probe technologies and their transformative roles in super-resolution imaging, in vivo diagnostics, and cancer therapeutics.展开更多
The cell membrane,a fluid interface composed of self-assembled phospholipid molecules,is a vital component of biological systems that maintains cellular stability and prevents the invasion of foreign toxins.Due to its...The cell membrane,a fluid interface composed of self-assembled phospholipid molecules,is a vital component of biological systems that maintains cellular stability and prevents the invasion of foreign toxins.Due to its inherent fluidity,the cell membrane can undergo bending,shearing,and stretching,making membrane deformation crucial in processes like cell adhesion,migration,phagocytosis,and signal transduction.Within the plasma membrane are highly ordered dynamic structures formed by lipid molecules,known as“lipid rafts,”whose dynamic dissociation and reorganization are prerequisites for membrane deformation.Fluorescent probes have emerged as vital tools for studying these dynamic processes,offering a non-destructive,in situ,and real-time imaging method.By strategically designing these probes,researchers can image not only the microdomains of cell membranes but also explore more complex processes such as membrane fusion and fission.This review systematically summarizes the latest advancements in the application of fluorescent probes for cell membrane imaging.It also discusses the current challenges and provides insights into future research directions.We hope this review inspires further studies on the dynamic processes of complex cell membranes using fluorescent probes,ultimately advancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying membrane dissociation,reorganization,fusion,and separation,and fostering research and therapeutic development for membrane-associated diseases.展开更多
Excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer(ESIPT)based fluorescence probes are particularly attractive due to their unique properties including environmental sensitivity,a large Stokes shift,and potential for ratiom...Excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer(ESIPT)based fluorescence probes are particularly attractive due to their unique properties including environmental sensitivity,a large Stokes shift,and potential for ratiometric sensing.In general,ESIPT-based fluorophore incorporates an intramolecular hydrogen bonding interaction between a hydrogen bond donor(-OH and NH_(2)are common)and a hydrogen bond acceptor(C=N and C=O).More,protection-deprotection of hydroxyl group as hydrogen bond donor could induce an off-on switch of ESIPT-based emission.Therefore,protection-deprotection of hydroxyl group has been the widely used strategy to design fluorescent probes,where the potential key issue is selecting a protective group that can specifically leave in the presence of the target analyte.In this review,we mainly summarize the specific protecting groups(sites)and deprotection mechanisms for biologically important species(including reactive sulfur species(RSS),reactive oxygen species(ROS),enzymes,etc.),and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different protection mechanisms from some aspects including probe stability,selectivity,response rate and assay system,etc.Based on the aforementioned,we further point out the current challenges and the potential future direction for developing ESIPT-based probes.展开更多
Liver cancer, specifically hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a malignant neoplasm of the digestive system, characterized by exceptionally high morbidity and mortality rates on a global scale. Early detection and diag...Liver cancer, specifically hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a malignant neoplasm of the digestive system, characterized by exceptionally high morbidity and mortality rates on a global scale. Early detection and diagnosis are critical measures for enhancing the prognosis of patients diagnosed with HCC. An improved prognosis is significantly reliant on the timely diagnosis of the disease and effective therapeutic monitoring. Activatable fluorescent probes are essential for detecting and imaging biomarkers related to disease diagnosis and in vivo imaging. This paper reviews the fluorescent probes developed over the past five years for the detection and imaging of HCC. This noninvasive optical imaging modality demonstrates significant promise in targeting pathological sites and is anticipated to facilitate potential clinical translation.展开更多
To understand the gene-based biological processes in-depth,the single-molecule real-time sequencing has drawn increasing attention with promoted by the Human Genome Project.Herein,a set of newly designed canonical flu...To understand the gene-based biological processes in-depth,the single-molecule real-time sequencing has drawn increasing attention with promoted by the Human Genome Project.Herein,a set of newly designed canonical fluorescent bases(A_(y),tC,G_(b),T_(p))are proposed for four-color DNA sequencing.These quasi-intrinsic probes are derived from the fluorophore replacement and ring expansion on natural bases,which still keep the pyrimidine or purine underlying skeleton and Watson–Crick hydrogen bonding face to allow minimal perturbation to the native DNA duplex.More importantly,these nucleobase analogues possess red-shifted absorption and efficient photoluminescence due to the enhancedπ-conjugation in character.Meanwhile,the four analogues could generate distinct emission wavelength(Δλ~50 nm)for real-time sequencing.To assess the biological employment of the proposed biosensors,the effects of base pairing and linking deoxyribose are also considered.展开更多
Organelles are specialized areas where cells perform specific processes necessary for life and actively communicate with each other to keep the whole cell func-tioning.Disorders of the organelle networks are associate...Organelles are specialized areas where cells perform specific processes necessary for life and actively communicate with each other to keep the whole cell func-tioning.Disorders of the organelle networks are associated with multiple patho-logical processes.However,clearly and intuitively visualizing the highly dynamic interactions between ultrafine organelles is challenging.Fluorescence imaging technology provides opportunities due to the distinct advantages of facile,non-invasiveness and dynamic detection,making it particularly well-suited for appli-cations in uncovering the mysterious veil of organelle interactions.Regrettably,the lack of ideal fluorescence agents has always been an obstacle in imaging the intricate behaviors of organelles.In this review,we provide a systematic discussion on the existing dual-color and dual-targetable molecular sensors used in moni-toring organelle interactions,with a specific focus on their targeting strategies,imaging mechanisms and biological applications.Additionally,the current limi-tations and future development directions of dual-targetable probes and dual-emissives are briefly discussed.This review aims to provide guidance for re-searchers to develop more improved probes for studying organelle interactions in the biomedical field.展开更多
In situ precise detection of bioactive molecules with high sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution is essential for studying physiological events and disease diagnosis.The utilization of versatile fluorescent probes...In situ precise detection of bioactive molecules with high sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution is essential for studying physiological events and disease diagnosis.The utilization of versatile fluorescent probes in fluorescence imaging offers a powerful tool for in vivo imaging of biomarkers closely associated with pathological conditions.However,the dynamic behavior leading to rapid clearance of small molecule probes from regions of interest severely compromises their potential for precise imaging.Notably,self-immobilizing fluorescent probes that selectively recognize diseased tissues while improving in situ retention and enrichment enable accurate high-fidelity fluorescence imaging.In this review,we aim to summarize the strategies employed for recent advances in the performance and precision of in vivo fluorescence imaging using self-immobilizing techniques.Lastly,we discuss the prospects and potential challenges associated with selfimmobilizing fluorescent probes to promote further development and application of more delicate fluorescent probes.展开更多
Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease that is primarily manifested as synovitis and polyarticular opacity and typically leads to serious joint damage and irreversible disability,thus adversely affec...Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease that is primarily manifested as synovitis and polyarticular opacity and typically leads to serious joint damage and irreversible disability,thus adversely affecting locomotion ability and life quality.Consequently,good prognosis heavily relies on the early diagnosis and effective therapeutic monitoring of RA.Activatable fluorescent probes play vital roles in the detection and imaging of biomarkers for disease diagnosis and in vivo imaging.Herein,we review the fluorescent probes developed for the detection and imaging of RA biomarkers,namely reactive oxygen/nitrogen species(hypochlorous acid,peroxynitrite,hydroxyl radical,nitroxyl),pH,and cysteine,and address the related challenges and prospects to inspire the design of novel fluorescent probes and the improvement of their performance in RA studies.展开更多
Exploring plant behavior at the cellular scale in a minimally invasive manner is critical to understanding plant adaptation to the environment.Phytohormones play vital regulatory roles in multiple aspects of plant gro...Exploring plant behavior at the cellular scale in a minimally invasive manner is critical to understanding plant adaptation to the environment.Phytohormones play vital regulatory roles in multiple aspects of plant growth and development and acclimation to environmental changes.Since the biosynthesis,modification,transportation,and degradation of plant hormones in plants change with time and space,their content level and distribution are highly dynamic.To monitor the production,transport,perception,and distribution of phytohormones within undamaged tissues,we require qualitative and quantitative tools endowed with remarkably high temporal and spatial resolution.Fluorescent probes are regarded as excellent tools for widespread plant imaging because of their high sensitivity and selectivity,reproducibility,real-time in situ detection,and uncomplicated mechanism elucidation.In this review,we provide a systematical overview of the progress in the sensing and imaging of phytohormone fluorescent probes and fluorescently labeled phytohormones to their receptors in plants.Moreover,forthcoming viewpoints and possible applications of these fluorescent probes within the realm of plants are also presented.We hold the conviction that the new perspective brought by this paper can promote the development of fluorescent probes,enabling them to have better detection performance in plant hormone imaging.展开更多
Viruses are ubiquitous in human life. Some viruses can be used as vectors of genetic engineering and specific pesticides. Other viruses trigger a variety of diseases in humans, animals and plants, resulting in high in...Viruses are ubiquitous in human life. Some viruses can be used as vectors of genetic engineering and specific pesticides. Other viruses trigger a variety of diseases in humans, animals and plants, resulting in high infection rates and mortality. Therefore, convenient, accurate and rapid detection of viruses is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of subsequent diseases. In contrast to traditional methods of detection, which rely on time-consuming and complex techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), fluorescent probes and imaging methods generate real-time results, with high specificity, and have been widely used in viral detection. In this review, the application of viral fluorescent probes in analyzing the molecular structure, detection and biological imaging is discussed. In particular, we categorized the probes based on their specificity for human and plant viruses, reviewing the latest findings and analyzing their limitations. The potential of fluorescent molecular probes in the treatment of viral disease and environmental analysis, and their possible combinations with protein and immune technology are discussed.展开更多
Formaldehyde, as one of the simplest reactive carbonyl species（RCS）, is regarded as a potential carcinogen and a sick house syndrome gas. Recent studies have shown that abnormally high levels of formaldehyde may res...Formaldehyde, as one of the simplest reactive carbonyl species（RCS）, is regarded as a potential carcinogen and a sick house syndrome gas. Recent studies have shown that abnormally high levels of formaldehyde may result in cognitive decline and spatial memory deficits, asthmatic symptoms,Alzheimer＇s disease, and cancer. Due to the harmfulness of high levels of formaldehyde in nature and humans, it is of great significance to further elucidate the roles and functions of formaldehyde by a noninvasive detection approach. Fluorescence imaging has become a powerful and popular tool in monitoring bio-species owing to their high sensitivity and selectivity, excellent spatiotemporal resolution and non-invasion nature. Therefore, fluorescent probes are widely applied to track and detect formaldehyde in vitro and in vivo which have attracted more and more interest recently. This review focuses on various strategies to design the fluorescent probes for detecting formaldehyde based on different recognition groups.展开更多
Sulfur dioxide（SO_2） is a harmful environmental pollutant. Inhaled SO_2 can be rapidly hydrated into its derivatives, bisulfite（HSO_3^-） and sulfite（SO_3^（2-））. SO_2 derivatives are well known as preservatives...Sulfur dioxide（SO_2） is a harmful environmental pollutant. Inhaled SO_2 can be rapidly hydrated into its derivatives, bisulfite（HSO_3^-） and sulfite（SO_3^（2-））. SO_2 derivatives are well known as preservatives and antioxidants, which are used in food and beverages to prevent oxidation and bacterial growth. Although SO_2 can be endogenously generated in mammals and exhibits unique bioactivities in regulating cardiovascular function, excessive SO_2 and its derivatives have toxic effects on humans and animals for triggering adverse reactions and diseases. A large number of fluorescent probes for SO_2 and its derivatives have been designed and reported due to their high sensitivity and selectivity, high temporal and spatial resolution, non-invasive and non-destructive detection as well as real-time visualization in situ. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress of Michael addition-based fluorescent probes for SO_2 and its derivatives. These probes are categorized and concluded according to the different α,β-unsaturated compounds（i.e., Michael acceptors）. The design strategies, sensing performances, detection mechanisms and applications of these probes are discussed in detailed. Finally, a general overview about the design of probes for SO_2 and its derivatives is provided, which will facilitate the development of ideal probes for SO_2 and its derivatives.展开更多
Highly sensitive methods are important for monitoring the concentration of metal ions in industrial wastewater.Here,we developed a new probe for the determination of metal ions by fluorescence quenching.The probe cons...Highly sensitive methods are important for monitoring the concentration of metal ions in industrial wastewater.Here,we developed a new probe for the determination of metal ions by fluorescence quenching.The probe consists of hydroxylated graphene quantum dots(H-GQDs),prepared from GQDs by electrochemical method followed by surface hydroxylation.It is a non-reactive indicator with high sensitivity and detection limits of 0.01μM for Cu2+,0.005μM for Al3+,0.04μM for Fe3+,and 0.02μM for Cr3+.In addition,the low biotoxicity and excellent solubility of H-GQDs make them promising for application in wastewater metal ion detection.展开更多
Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS)-phosphodiesterase-delta(PDEδ)is a promising target for antitumor drug discovery.Herein,highly efficient and environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes of PDEδ(DS-Pr...Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS)-phosphodiesterase-delta(PDEδ)is a promising target for antitumor drug discovery.Herein,highly efficient and environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes of PDEδ(DS-Probes)were rationally designed.As compared with the reported PDEδprobes,DS-Probes showed higher binding affinity and selectivity,which were able to conveniently and efficiently label PDEδin live cells as well as tumor tissues.Therefore,these fluorescent probes are expected to facilitate PDEδ-based mechanism elucidation,drug discovery and pathologic diagnosis.展开更多
Reactive oxygen species(ROS)production is a by-product of mitochondrial activity and is necessary for the acquisition of the capacitated state,a requirement for functional spermatozoa.However,an increase in oxidative ...Reactive oxygen species(ROS)production is a by-product of mitochondrial activity and is necessary for the acquisition of the capacitated state,a requirement for functional spermatozoa.However,an increase in oxidative stress,due to an abnormal production of ROS,has been shown to be related to loss of sperm function,highlighting the importance of an accurate detection of sperm ROS,given the specific nature of this cell.In this work,we tested a variety of commercially available fluorescent probes to detect ROS and reactive nitrogen species(RNS)in human sperm,to define their specificity.Using both flow cytometry(FC)and fluorescence microscopy(FM),we confirmed that MitoSOX™Red and dihydroethidium(DHE)detect superoxide anion(as determined using antimycin A as a positive control),while DAF-2A detects reactive nitrogen species(namely,nitric oxide).For the first time,we also report that RedoxSensor™Red CC-1,CellROX®Orange Reagent,and MitoPYl seem to be mostly sensitive to hydrogen peroxide,but not superoxide.Furthermore,mean fluorescence intensity(and not percentage of labeled cells)is the main parameter that can be reproducibly monitored using this type of methodology.展开更多
The works on the procedure of fluorescent sensors for the detection of biological analytes are extremely momentous.Among diverse analytical approaches,fluorescence is the most eye-catching due to its high sensitivity,...The works on the procedure of fluorescent sensors for the detection of biological analytes are extremely momentous.Among diverse analytical approaches,fluorescence is the most eye-catching due to its high sensitivity,selectivity,rapidity,robustness,ease of measurement and non-destructive approaches.Herein,we show different fluorescent probes synthesized for estimation and detection of biological analytes(H_(2)S,SO_(3)^(2-)/HSO_(3)^(-),H_(2)O_(2),HOCl,HNO,ONOO^(-)).These probes were constructed by masking the functional groups (hydroxyl and amino) of fluorophore and formation of active C=C,C=N,C=O and N=N for specific analytes.In this review we concentrate on synthesis of the probe,their photophysical properties and applications to biological studies.展开更多
α1-Adrenoceptors（α1-ARs）, including at least three subtypes, α（1A）, α（1B） and α（1D）, which play essential roles in G protein-coupled receptors（GPCRs）, can convey multiple pivotal extracellular signals i...α1-Adrenoceptors（α1-ARs）, including at least three subtypes, α（1A）, α（1B） and α（1D）, which play essential roles in G protein-coupled receptors（GPCRs）, can convey multiple pivotal extracellular signals in varied tissues and organs. In this research, a series of napthalimide-based small-molecule fluorescent probes（1a-1f） for α1-ARs, including two parts, a pharmacophore（quinazoline and phenylpiperazine） for α1-AR recognition and a fluorophore（naphthalimide） for visualization, were designed and synthesized successfully. These compounds display excellent fluorescence property and high affinity to receptors,which were used successfully for in vitro visualization of α1-adrenoceptors.展开更多
Breast cancer has become a common tumor worldwide which seriously endangers people＇s health. Earlydiagnosis and treatment are particularly urgent in order to reduce the onset risk, mortality, and prolongthe five-year...Breast cancer has become a common tumor worldwide which seriously endangers people＇s health. Earlydiagnosis and treatment are particularly urgent in order to reduce the onset risk, mortality, and prolongthe five-year survival rate. Therefore, we need a kind of diagnosis and treatment technology with highspecificity, sensitivity and selectivity. In recent years, because of its unique properties in biologicalapplications, fluorescence imaging has become an attractive research subject. Fluorescence imagingoffers innovative ideas of targetable recognition of breast cancer cells, breast cancer imaging in vivoanimal models, anticancer drugs delivery for guiding the mammary surgery via a noninvasive way withhigh sensitively and specifically. In this review, we summarized the recent advances of fluorescent probesfor breast cancer imaging, which were classified according to different biomarkers the probes recognized.Moreover, we discussed the strengths, built-in problems as well as the challenges about the fluorescentprobe as a unique potential method for the better application in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.~ 2018 Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.展开更多
Hydrazine,an essential chemical,has been used within a wide spectrum of industries,including pesticides,pharmaceuticals and even satellite-launching systems.However,the excessive consumption of hydrazine raised the ri...Hydrazine,an essential chemical,has been used within a wide spectrum of industries,including pesticides,pharmaceuticals and even satellite-launching systems.However,the excessive consumption of hydrazine raised the risk of environmental pollution accidents and occurrence of diseases because of its high toxicity and volatility.This led to the discovery of diverse fluorescent probes for the monitoring of the dangerous substance,including those based on organic small molecules and emerging nanomaterials.Herein,we are going to present a comprehensive review of recently reported hydrazine fluorescent probes,and discuss their structure design strategies and detection mechanisms.In particular,both organic small-molecule and nanomaterial fluorescent probes for hydrazine will be discussed together for the first time.展开更多
Adenosine 5＇-triphosphate（ATP） not only participates in various physiological activities as the universal energy currency but also implicates in various pathological processes in living cells. Consequently,sensitiv...Adenosine 5＇-triphosphate（ATP） not only participates in various physiological activities as the universal energy currency but also implicates in various pathological processes in living cells. Consequently,sensitive and selective detection ATP in live cells, tissues, as well as environmental samples, are urgently demanded. Due to the simple and convenient operation, economy cost, high selectivity for analyte, well biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, fluorescent sensors for monitoring ATP have aroused great attention of researchers. In recent years, a large number of fluorescent sensors for detecting ATP have developed. This manuscript summarized most of these sensors and the interaction-mechanism between ATP and sensors, mainly including electrostatic interaction, p-p interaction, covalent bonding or hydrogen bond, or combinations of them, and the advantages of each strategy were also generalized.Here, a viewpoint of classification was shown where the sensors were divided into five typed ones according to the structure of probes used.展开更多
文摘Fluorescent probes have revolutionized optical imaging and biosensing by enabling real-time visualization, quantification, and tracking of biological processes at molecular and cellular levels. These probes, ranging from organic dyes to genetically encoded proteins and nanomaterials, provide unparalleled specificity, sensitivity, and multiplexing capabilities. However, challenges such as brightness, photobleaching, biocompatibility, and emission range continue to drive innovation in probe design and application. This special issue, comprising four review papers and seven original research studies, highlights cutting-edge advancements in fluorescent probe technologies and their transformative roles in super-resolution imaging, in vivo diagnostics, and cancer therapeutics.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(22107028)State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,Dalian University of Technology(KF2307)+4 种基金Central Guidance Fund for Local Science and Technology Development Project(2024FRD05069)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0335)ML.wishes to thank the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22308220)Shenzhen Uni-versity Third-Phase Project of Constructing High-Level University(000001032104)the Research Team Culti-vation Program of Shenzhen University(2023QNT005).
文摘The cell membrane,a fluid interface composed of self-assembled phospholipid molecules,is a vital component of biological systems that maintains cellular stability and prevents the invasion of foreign toxins.Due to its inherent fluidity,the cell membrane can undergo bending,shearing,and stretching,making membrane deformation crucial in processes like cell adhesion,migration,phagocytosis,and signal transduction.Within the plasma membrane are highly ordered dynamic structures formed by lipid molecules,known as“lipid rafts,”whose dynamic dissociation and reorganization are prerequisites for membrane deformation.Fluorescent probes have emerged as vital tools for studying these dynamic processes,offering a non-destructive,in situ,and real-time imaging method.By strategically designing these probes,researchers can image not only the microdomains of cell membranes but also explore more complex processes such as membrane fusion and fission.This review systematically summarizes the latest advancements in the application of fluorescent probes for cell membrane imaging.It also discusses the current challenges and provides insights into future research directions.We hope this review inspires further studies on the dynamic processes of complex cell membranes using fluorescent probes,ultimately advancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying membrane dissociation,reorganization,fusion,and separation,and fostering research and therapeutic development for membrane-associated diseases.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22277104,22325703,22074084)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.202203021212184)+3 种基金Research Project supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(No.2022-002)the Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province(Free Exploration)(No.202203021221009)2022 Lvliang City science and technology plan project(Nos.2022SHFZ51,2022GXYF15)Scientific Instrument Center of Shanxi University(No.201512)。
文摘Excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer(ESIPT)based fluorescence probes are particularly attractive due to their unique properties including environmental sensitivity,a large Stokes shift,and potential for ratiometric sensing.In general,ESIPT-based fluorophore incorporates an intramolecular hydrogen bonding interaction between a hydrogen bond donor(-OH and NH_(2)are common)and a hydrogen bond acceptor(C=N and C=O).More,protection-deprotection of hydroxyl group as hydrogen bond donor could induce an off-on switch of ESIPT-based emission.Therefore,protection-deprotection of hydroxyl group has been the widely used strategy to design fluorescent probes,where the potential key issue is selecting a protective group that can specifically leave in the presence of the target analyte.In this review,we mainly summarize the specific protecting groups(sites)and deprotection mechanisms for biologically important species(including reactive sulfur species(RSS),reactive oxygen species(ROS),enzymes,etc.),and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different protection mechanisms from some aspects including probe stability,selectivity,response rate and assay system,etc.Based on the aforementioned,we further point out the current challenges and the potential future direction for developing ESIPT-based probes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 82202296, 82302277, and 32271520)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant Nos. 2022JJ30756, 2023JJ40087, and 2022RC1232)the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (Grant No. 22B0896).
文摘Liver cancer, specifically hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a malignant neoplasm of the digestive system, characterized by exceptionally high morbidity and mortality rates on a global scale. Early detection and diagnosis are critical measures for enhancing the prognosis of patients diagnosed with HCC. An improved prognosis is significantly reliant on the timely diagnosis of the disease and effective therapeutic monitoring. Activatable fluorescent probes are essential for detecting and imaging biomarkers related to disease diagnosis and in vivo imaging. This paper reviews the fluorescent probes developed over the past five years for the detection and imaging of HCC. This noninvasive optical imaging modality demonstrates significant promise in targeting pathological sites and is anticipated to facilitate potential clinical translation.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11804195,11847224,11674198,and 12274265)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant Nos.ZR2018BA034 and ZR2022MA006)。
文摘To understand the gene-based biological processes in-depth,the single-molecule real-time sequencing has drawn increasing attention with promoted by the Human Genome Project.Herein,a set of newly designed canonical fluorescent bases(A_(y),tC,G_(b),T_(p))are proposed for four-color DNA sequencing.These quasi-intrinsic probes are derived from the fluorophore replacement and ring expansion on natural bases,which still keep the pyrimidine or purine underlying skeleton and Watson–Crick hydrogen bonding face to allow minimal perturbation to the native DNA duplex.More importantly,these nucleobase analogues possess red-shifted absorption and efficient photoluminescence due to the enhancedπ-conjugation in character.Meanwhile,the four analogues could generate distinct emission wavelength(Δλ~50 nm)for real-time sequencing.To assess the biological employment of the proposed biosensors,the effects of base pairing and linking deoxyribose are also considered.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22122701,22477054,22293050,91953201,92153303,22377050)the Excellent Research Program of Nanjing University(ZYJH004)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20232020).
文摘Organelles are specialized areas where cells perform specific processes necessary for life and actively communicate with each other to keep the whole cell func-tioning.Disorders of the organelle networks are associated with multiple patho-logical processes.However,clearly and intuitively visualizing the highly dynamic interactions between ultrafine organelles is challenging.Fluorescence imaging technology provides opportunities due to the distinct advantages of facile,non-invasiveness and dynamic detection,making it particularly well-suited for appli-cations in uncovering the mysterious veil of organelle interactions.Regrettably,the lack of ideal fluorescence agents has always been an obstacle in imaging the intricate behaviors of organelles.In this review,we provide a systematic discussion on the existing dual-color and dual-targetable molecular sensors used in moni-toring organelle interactions,with a specific focus on their targeting strategies,imaging mechanisms and biological applications.Additionally,the current limi-tations and future development directions of dual-targetable probes and dual-emissives are briefly discussed.This review aims to provide guidance for re-searchers to develop more improved probes for studying organelle interactions in the biomedical field.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22274005,U2167222)the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of Nature Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2021201038)+4 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2023201108)Hebei Province Higher Education Science and Technology Research Project(JZX2023001)Research and Innovation Team of Hebei University(IT2023A01)Hebei Province Innovation Capability Enhancement Plan Project(22567632H)Open Research Fund of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Henan Normal University.
文摘In situ precise detection of bioactive molecules with high sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution is essential for studying physiological events and disease diagnosis.The utilization of versatile fluorescent probes in fluorescence imaging offers a powerful tool for in vivo imaging of biomarkers closely associated with pathological conditions.However,the dynamic behavior leading to rapid clearance of small molecule probes from regions of interest severely compromises their potential for precise imaging.Notably,self-immobilizing fluorescent probes that selectively recognize diseased tissues while improving in situ retention and enrichment enable accurate high-fidelity fluorescence imaging.In this review,we aim to summarize the strategies employed for recent advances in the performance and precision of in vivo fluorescence imaging using self-immobilizing techniques.Lastly,we discuss the prospects and potential challenges associated with selfimmobilizing fluorescent probes to promote further development and application of more delicate fluorescent probes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072432)the China-Japan Friendship Hospital Horizontal Project/Spontaneous Research Funding(2022-HX-JC-7)+1 种基金the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20)the Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital(ZRJY2021-GG12).
文摘Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease that is primarily manifested as synovitis and polyarticular opacity and typically leads to serious joint damage and irreversible disability,thus adversely affecting locomotion ability and life quality.Consequently,good prognosis heavily relies on the early diagnosis and effective therapeutic monitoring of RA.Activatable fluorescent probes play vital roles in the detection and imaging of biomarkers for disease diagnosis and in vivo imaging.Herein,we review the fluorescent probes developed for the detection and imaging of RA biomarkers,namely reactive oxygen/nitrogen species(hypochlorous acid,peroxynitrite,hydroxyl radical,nitroxyl),pH,and cysteine,and address the related challenges and prospects to inspire the design of novel fluorescent probes and the improvement of their performance in RA studies.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1700300,2022YFE0199800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072443,82104065,32061143045)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20201323)the Distinguished Young Research Project of Anhui Higher Education Institution(2022AH020035).
文摘Exploring plant behavior at the cellular scale in a minimally invasive manner is critical to understanding plant adaptation to the environment.Phytohormones play vital regulatory roles in multiple aspects of plant growth and development and acclimation to environmental changes.Since the biosynthesis,modification,transportation,and degradation of plant hormones in plants change with time and space,their content level and distribution are highly dynamic.To monitor the production,transport,perception,and distribution of phytohormones within undamaged tissues,we require qualitative and quantitative tools endowed with remarkably high temporal and spatial resolution.Fluorescent probes are regarded as excellent tools for widespread plant imaging because of their high sensitivity and selectivity,reproducibility,real-time in situ detection,and uncomplicated mechanism elucidation.In this review,we provide a systematical overview of the progress in the sensing and imaging of phytohormone fluorescent probes and fluorescently labeled phytohormones to their receptors in plants.Moreover,forthcoming viewpoints and possible applications of these fluorescent probes within the realm of plants are also presented.We hold the conviction that the new perspective brought by this paper can promote the development of fluorescent probes,enabling them to have better detection performance in plant hormone imaging.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22274061)the 111 Project B17019.Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.CCNU22QN007)Opening fund of Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry&Materia Medica(No.BCMM202101).
文摘Viruses are ubiquitous in human life. Some viruses can be used as vectors of genetic engineering and specific pesticides. Other viruses trigger a variety of diseases in humans, animals and plants, resulting in high infection rates and mortality. Therefore, convenient, accurate and rapid detection of viruses is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of subsequent diseases. In contrast to traditional methods of detection, which rely on time-consuming and complex techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), fluorescent probes and imaging methods generate real-time results, with high specificity, and have been widely used in viral detection. In this review, the application of viral fluorescent probes in analyzing the molecular structure, detection and biological imaging is discussed. In particular, we categorized the probes based on their specificity for human and plant viruses, reviewing the latest findings and analyzing their limitations. The potential of fluorescent molecular probes in the treatment of viral disease and environmental analysis, and their possible combinations with protein and immune technology are discussed.
基金support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21676113, 21402057, 21472059, 81671803) Youth Chen-Guang Project of Wuhan(2016070204010098)+2 种基金 the 111 Project B17019the Ministry-Province Jointly Constructed Base for State Key Lab-Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shenzhensupported by self-determined research funds of CCNU from the colleges’ basic research and operation of MOE (No. CCNU16A02004)
文摘Formaldehyde, as one of the simplest reactive carbonyl species（RCS）, is regarded as a potential carcinogen and a sick house syndrome gas. Recent studies have shown that abnormally high levels of formaldehyde may result in cognitive decline and spatial memory deficits, asthmatic symptoms,Alzheimer＇s disease, and cancer. Due to the harmfulness of high levels of formaldehyde in nature and humans, it is of great significance to further elucidate the roles and functions of formaldehyde by a noninvasive detection approach. Fluorescence imaging has become a powerful and popular tool in monitoring bio-species owing to their high sensitivity and selectivity, excellent spatiotemporal resolution and non-invasion nature. Therefore, fluorescent probes are widely applied to track and detect formaldehyde in vitro and in vivo which have attracted more and more interest recently. This review focuses on various strategies to design the fluorescent probes for detecting formaldehyde based on different recognition groups.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFD0501406)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31400301, 31560712)
文摘Sulfur dioxide（SO_2） is a harmful environmental pollutant. Inhaled SO_2 can be rapidly hydrated into its derivatives, bisulfite（HSO_3^-） and sulfite（SO_3^（2-））. SO_2 derivatives are well known as preservatives and antioxidants, which are used in food and beverages to prevent oxidation and bacterial growth. Although SO_2 can be endogenously generated in mammals and exhibits unique bioactivities in regulating cardiovascular function, excessive SO_2 and its derivatives have toxic effects on humans and animals for triggering adverse reactions and diseases. A large number of fluorescent probes for SO_2 and its derivatives have been designed and reported due to their high sensitivity and selectivity, high temporal and spatial resolution, non-invasive and non-destructive detection as well as real-time visualization in situ. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress of Michael addition-based fluorescent probes for SO_2 and its derivatives. These probes are categorized and concluded according to the different α,β-unsaturated compounds（i.e., Michael acceptors）. The design strategies, sensing performances, detection mechanisms and applications of these probes are discussed in detailed. Finally, a general overview about the design of probes for SO_2 and its derivatives is provided, which will facilitate the development of ideal probes for SO_2 and its derivatives.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21674011)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (No. 2172040)
文摘Highly sensitive methods are important for monitoring the concentration of metal ions in industrial wastewater.Here,we developed a new probe for the determination of metal ions by fluorescence quenching.The probe consists of hydroxylated graphene quantum dots(H-GQDs),prepared from GQDs by electrochemical method followed by surface hydroxylation.It is a non-reactive indicator with high sensitivity and detection limits of 0.01μM for Cu2+,0.005μM for Al3+,0.04μM for Fe3+,and 0.02μM for Cr3+.In addition,the low biotoxicity and excellent solubility of H-GQDs make them promising for application in wastewater metal ion detection.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFA0509200 to C.Sheng)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81903436 to Y.Li,82204211 to W.Wang and 22077138 to S.Wu)Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.22QA1411300 to S.Wu).
文摘Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS)-phosphodiesterase-delta(PDEδ)is a promising target for antitumor drug discovery.Herein,highly efficient and environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes of PDEδ(DS-Probes)were rationally designed.As compared with the reported PDEδprobes,DS-Probes showed higher binding affinity and selectivity,which were able to conveniently and efficiently label PDEδin live cells as well as tumor tissues.Therefore,these fluorescent probes are expected to facilitate PDEδ-based mechanism elucidation,drug discovery and pathologic diagnosis.
基金the Portuguese funding agency for science and technology(PD/BD/128237/2016-PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine)CNC is funded by FEDER,through Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade-COMPETE 2020 and National funds via FCT under the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440+1 种基金the European Regional Development Fund(ERDF),through the Centro 2020 Regional Operational Programme:project CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012-HealthyAging2020,the COMPETE 2020-Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisationthe Portuguese national funds via FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology LP:project POCI-01-0145-FEDER 007440 and UID/NEU/04539/2019.
文摘Reactive oxygen species(ROS)production is a by-product of mitochondrial activity and is necessary for the acquisition of the capacitated state,a requirement for functional spermatozoa.However,an increase in oxidative stress,due to an abnormal production of ROS,has been shown to be related to loss of sperm function,highlighting the importance of an accurate detection of sperm ROS,given the specific nature of this cell.In this work,we tested a variety of commercially available fluorescent probes to detect ROS and reactive nitrogen species(RNS)in human sperm,to define their specificity.Using both flow cytometry(FC)and fluorescence microscopy(FM),we confirmed that MitoSOX™Red and dihydroethidium(DHE)detect superoxide anion(as determined using antimycin A as a positive control),while DAF-2A detects reactive nitrogen species(namely,nitric oxide).For the first time,we also report that RedoxSensor™Red CC-1,CellROX®Orange Reagent,and MitoPYl seem to be mostly sensitive to hydrogen peroxide,but not superoxide.Furthermore,mean fluorescence intensity(and not percentage of labeled cells)is the main parameter that can be reproducibly monitored using this type of methodology.
基金the National Science Foundation of China (No. 21907025)。
文摘The works on the procedure of fluorescent sensors for the detection of biological analytes are extremely momentous.Among diverse analytical approaches,fluorescence is the most eye-catching due to its high sensitivity,selectivity,rapidity,robustness,ease of measurement and non-destructive approaches.Herein,we show different fluorescent probes synthesized for estimation and detection of biological analytes(H_(2)S,SO_(3)^(2-)/HSO_(3)^(-),H_(2)O_(2),HOCl,HNO,ONOO^(-)).These probes were constructed by masking the functional groups (hydroxyl and amino) of fluorophore and formation of active C=C,C=N,C=O and N=N for specific analytes.In this review we concentrate on synthesis of the probe,their photophysical properties and applications to biological studies.
基金supported by grants from the Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation (No. 122036)the Program of New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-11-0306)+1 种基金the Shandong Natural Science Foundation (No. JQ201019)the Independent Innovation Foundation of Shandong University, IIFSDU (No. 2010JQ005)
文摘α1-Adrenoceptors（α1-ARs）, including at least three subtypes, α（1A）, α（1B） and α（1D）, which play essential roles in G protein-coupled receptors（GPCRs）, can convey multiple pivotal extracellular signals in varied tissues and organs. In this research, a series of napthalimide-based small-molecule fluorescent probes（1a-1f） for α1-ARs, including two parts, a pharmacophore（quinazoline and phenylpiperazine） for α1-AR recognition and a fluorophore（naphthalimide） for visualization, were designed and synthesized successfully. These compounds display excellent fluorescence property and high affinity to receptors,which were used successfully for in vitro visualization of α1-adrenoceptors.
基金financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31370391,81772812,21422606,21402191)Dalian Cultivation Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Nos.2014J11JH130 and 2015J12JH205)The Foundation of Dalian Science Department(No.2015E12SF149)
文摘Breast cancer has become a common tumor worldwide which seriously endangers people＇s health. Earlydiagnosis and treatment are particularly urgent in order to reduce the onset risk, mortality, and prolongthe five-year survival rate. Therefore, we need a kind of diagnosis and treatment technology with highspecificity, sensitivity and selectivity. In recent years, because of its unique properties in biologicalapplications, fluorescence imaging has become an attractive research subject. Fluorescence imagingoffers innovative ideas of targetable recognition of breast cancer cells, breast cancer imaging in vivoanimal models, anticancer drugs delivery for guiding the mammary surgery via a noninvasive way withhigh sensitively and specifically. In this review, we summarized the recent advances of fluorescent probesfor breast cancer imaging, which were classified according to different biomarkers the probes recognized.Moreover, we discussed the strengths, built-in problems as well as the challenges about the fluorescentprobe as a unique potential method for the better application in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.~ 2018 Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21977082 and 22037002)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(2020JC-38).
文摘Hydrazine,an essential chemical,has been used within a wide spectrum of industries,including pesticides,pharmaceuticals and even satellite-launching systems.However,the excessive consumption of hydrazine raised the risk of environmental pollution accidents and occurrence of diseases because of its high toxicity and volatility.This led to the discovery of diverse fluorescent probes for the monitoring of the dangerous substance,including those based on organic small molecules and emerging nanomaterials.Herein,we are going to present a comprehensive review of recently reported hydrazine fluorescent probes,and discuss their structure design strategies and detection mechanisms.In particular,both organic small-molecule and nanomaterial fluorescent probes for hydrazine will be discussed together for the first time.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21676218, 21476185, 21472016, 21272030)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. 2014YB027, 2452015447, 2452013py014)Shaanxi Province Science and Technology
文摘Adenosine 5＇-triphosphate（ATP） not only participates in various physiological activities as the universal energy currency but also implicates in various pathological processes in living cells. Consequently,sensitive and selective detection ATP in live cells, tissues, as well as environmental samples, are urgently demanded. Due to the simple and convenient operation, economy cost, high selectivity for analyte, well biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, fluorescent sensors for monitoring ATP have aroused great attention of researchers. In recent years, a large number of fluorescent sensors for detecting ATP have developed. This manuscript summarized most of these sensors and the interaction-mechanism between ATP and sensors, mainly including electrostatic interaction, p-p interaction, covalent bonding or hydrogen bond, or combinations of them, and the advantages of each strategy were also generalized.Here, a viewpoint of classification was shown where the sensors were divided into five typed ones according to the structure of probes used.
