The grand cloth screen with a phoenix pattern comprised of 1.008 pieces, embroidered bu 1.000 women from Shaanxi Province. on display in the Hall of Arts and Crafts during the FWCW.
HOSTING the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing in September 1995 was an important event tor China, especially for Chinese women. In order to enable as many women as possible to participate in t...HOSTING the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing in September 1995 was an important event tor China, especially for Chinese women. In order to enable as many women as possible to participate in the welcome activities, the Shaanxi Provincial Women’s展开更多
Seasonal variations in environmental conditions can have significant influence on flowering pattern and yield of roses. Evaluation studies were conducted to determine the flowering pattern and yield determinants of tw...Seasonal variations in environmental conditions can have significant influence on flowering pattern and yield of roses. Evaluation studies were conducted to determine the flowering pattern and yield determinants of two Hybrid Tea rose cultivars in response to seasonal variations under rain-fed conditions. The 2 × 2 × 4 factorial experiment arranged in split plot design at three replications was conducted at two seasons (dry and wet) using two cultivars (cv. “Immaculate” and “P.H. Baby”, white and red flowers respectively) supplied with poultry manure (PM) application rates at 5, 10 and 20 t/ha where the unfertilized (0 t/ha) served as control. The result showed that the year two environmental conditions of both experiment I and II significantly improved plant height, number of leaves, number of buds (CNB) and opened flowers (CNF) and flower yield (FYD). “Immaculate” was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) taller with more leaves but thinner girth. Although generally lower in NF/NB, and not different in FYD, the “P.H. Baby” had more flowers (CNB and CNF) in experiment I. Except for no significant difference in FYD and lower NF/NB recorded by all manure rates compared to control in experiment II, plants treated with 5 t/ha PM recorded more flowers (CNB and CNF). Significant first and second order interaction effects (p ≤ 0.05) showed that “Immaculate” had taller height and more leaves but “P.H. Baby” had more CNB and CNF, although both were not different in FYD. In addition, plants supplied with 5 t/ha PM rates were better in plant height, number of leaves, CNB and CNF compared to other manure rates. In conclusion, year two environmental conditions supported better crop growth and yield, “Immaculate” grew better vegetatively but both were not different in floral yield, while the 5 t/ha PM was considered the optimum manure application rate under the rain-fed condition.展开更多
Flowering pattern and seedling establishment of umbrella bamboo （Fargesia murieliae （Gamble） Yi） were studied in its native habitat, Mount Shennongjia in Central China. Here in 1996-2000, over 95% of the bamboo pl...Flowering pattern and seedling establishment of umbrella bamboo （Fargesia murieliae （Gamble） Yi） were studied in its native habitat, Mount Shennongjia in Central China. Here in 1996-2000, over 95% of the bamboo plants simultaneously flowered and died, extending from lower elevations to the higher mountains along the altitude and from southwest to northeast along the mountain settings. Bamboo seedlings emerged after the simultaneous flowering, achieving an average density of 5 460 seedlings·m^-2 in the autumn of the year following the flowering. After a high mortality throughout the first winter, bamboo seedlings remained a stable density in following 2-4 years （1130-1230 seedlings·m^-2）. Seedling density positively related to the coverage of parent bamboo, but negatively to the herb layers.展开更多
Information is lacking regarding the visual cues used by Helicoverpa armigera moths during nectar feeding. Here, we investigated the preference for radial gradient patterns in H. armigera moths. The results indicated ...Information is lacking regarding the visual cues used by Helicoverpa armigera moths during nectar feeding. Here, we investigated the preference for radial gradient patterns in H. armigera moths. The results indicated that both sexes shared a preference to plain flower models of blue and cyan. The radial gradient pattern (cyan as nectar guide color and blue as petal color) was more attractive than its component plain colors (cyan or blue), especially in male moths. Number of corolla petals did not influence the attractiveness of the cyan-blue pattern. The addition of a tertiary floral attractant to white-blue or cyan-blue radial gradient patterns could dramatically enhance the attractiveness of visual cues in males rather than females, suggesting that males gave a higher weight in olfactory modality than females gave, while females gave a higher weight in vision modality than males gave. All together, we found an optimal combination of floral cues in H. armigera sexes as follows: A tertiary floral attractant (2 μL dose of phenylacetaldehyde, benzyl acetate, and salicylaldehyde mixed in 26:15:2) added to white-blue radial gradient flower model (3 cm in diameter). To our knowledge, this is the first time that rose curve and radial gradient tools were used to simulate floral pattern in the studies of flower-visiting insects.展开更多
FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)是高等开花植物中成花诱导的关键基因,是植物诱导开花层级基因网络的重要整合子,而丹参FT基因家族的鉴定和分析目前尚未见报道。本研究在丹参基因组中鉴定出FT基因家族并进行生物信息学分析及其在已开花与未开花...FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)是高等开花植物中成花诱导的关键基因,是植物诱导开花层级基因网络的重要整合子,而丹参FT基因家族的鉴定和分析目前尚未见报道。本研究在丹参基因组中鉴定出FT基因家族并进行生物信息学分析及其在已开花与未开花丹参不同组织中的表达模式分析。结果表明,丹参FT基因家族共包含10个成员,编码165~193个氨基酸,理论等电点为5.45~9.60,相对分子质量为17.85~22.04 kDa,所有成员均为亲水蛋白。丹参FT家族成员基因结构相似,其蛋白序列相对保守。顺式作用元件的预测结果表明,丹参FT基因家族可能参与成花诱导等生长发育过程。进化树结果表明,丹参FT基因家族在YBHB、MFT、FT和TFL亚家族中皆有分布。表达模式分析结果表明,FT基因家族的表达存在明显的组织特异性,总体可分为4类:(1)SmFT、SmFTL2和SmFTL5特异性高表达于已开花丹参的叶片;(2)SmFTL1、SmFTL3和SmFTL8特异性高表达于未开花丹参的叶片;(3)SmFTL4和SmFTL9特异性高表达于已开花丹参的根;(4)SmFTL6和SmFTL7特异性高表达于未开花丹参的根。推测这4组基因协同调控丹参地上部分开花与地下根发育的平衡。研究结果可为通过调节地上地下生物量的分配比选育丹参高产新种质提供育种靶点。展开更多
文摘The grand cloth screen with a phoenix pattern comprised of 1.008 pieces, embroidered bu 1.000 women from Shaanxi Province. on display in the Hall of Arts and Crafts during the FWCW.
文摘HOSTING the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing in September 1995 was an important event tor China, especially for Chinese women. In order to enable as many women as possible to participate in the welcome activities, the Shaanxi Provincial Women’s
文摘Seasonal variations in environmental conditions can have significant influence on flowering pattern and yield of roses. Evaluation studies were conducted to determine the flowering pattern and yield determinants of two Hybrid Tea rose cultivars in response to seasonal variations under rain-fed conditions. The 2 × 2 × 4 factorial experiment arranged in split plot design at three replications was conducted at two seasons (dry and wet) using two cultivars (cv. “Immaculate” and “P.H. Baby”, white and red flowers respectively) supplied with poultry manure (PM) application rates at 5, 10 and 20 t/ha where the unfertilized (0 t/ha) served as control. The result showed that the year two environmental conditions of both experiment I and II significantly improved plant height, number of leaves, number of buds (CNB) and opened flowers (CNF) and flower yield (FYD). “Immaculate” was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) taller with more leaves but thinner girth. Although generally lower in NF/NB, and not different in FYD, the “P.H. Baby” had more flowers (CNB and CNF) in experiment I. Except for no significant difference in FYD and lower NF/NB recorded by all manure rates compared to control in experiment II, plants treated with 5 t/ha PM recorded more flowers (CNB and CNF). Significant first and second order interaction effects (p ≤ 0.05) showed that “Immaculate” had taller height and more leaves but “P.H. Baby” had more CNB and CNF, although both were not different in FYD. In addition, plants supplied with 5 t/ha PM rates were better in plant height, number of leaves, CNB and CNF compared to other manure rates. In conclusion, year two environmental conditions supported better crop growth and yield, “Immaculate” grew better vegetatively but both were not different in floral yield, while the 5 t/ha PM was considered the optimum manure application rate under the rain-fed condition.
基金This research was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation (No. 30470284) and the Center for Development Research of the University of Bonn (P. 52015).
文摘Flowering pattern and seedling establishment of umbrella bamboo （Fargesia murieliae （Gamble） Yi） were studied in its native habitat, Mount Shennongjia in Central China. Here in 1996-2000, over 95% of the bamboo plants simultaneously flowered and died, extending from lower elevations to the higher mountains along the altitude and from southwest to northeast along the mountain settings. Bamboo seedlings emerged after the simultaneous flowering, achieving an average density of 5 460 seedlings·m^-2 in the autumn of the year following the flowering. After a high mortality throughout the first winter, bamboo seedlings remained a stable density in following 2-4 years （1130-1230 seedlings·m^-2）. Seedling density positively related to the coverage of parent bamboo, but negatively to the herb layers.
文摘Information is lacking regarding the visual cues used by Helicoverpa armigera moths during nectar feeding. Here, we investigated the preference for radial gradient patterns in H. armigera moths. The results indicated that both sexes shared a preference to plain flower models of blue and cyan. The radial gradient pattern (cyan as nectar guide color and blue as petal color) was more attractive than its component plain colors (cyan or blue), especially in male moths. Number of corolla petals did not influence the attractiveness of the cyan-blue pattern. The addition of a tertiary floral attractant to white-blue or cyan-blue radial gradient patterns could dramatically enhance the attractiveness of visual cues in males rather than females, suggesting that males gave a higher weight in olfactory modality than females gave, while females gave a higher weight in vision modality than males gave. All together, we found an optimal combination of floral cues in H. armigera sexes as follows: A tertiary floral attractant (2 μL dose of phenylacetaldehyde, benzyl acetate, and salicylaldehyde mixed in 26:15:2) added to white-blue radial gradient flower model (3 cm in diameter). To our knowledge, this is the first time that rose curve and radial gradient tools were used to simulate floral pattern in the studies of flower-visiting insects.
文摘FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)是高等开花植物中成花诱导的关键基因,是植物诱导开花层级基因网络的重要整合子,而丹参FT基因家族的鉴定和分析目前尚未见报道。本研究在丹参基因组中鉴定出FT基因家族并进行生物信息学分析及其在已开花与未开花丹参不同组织中的表达模式分析。结果表明,丹参FT基因家族共包含10个成员,编码165~193个氨基酸,理论等电点为5.45~9.60,相对分子质量为17.85~22.04 kDa,所有成员均为亲水蛋白。丹参FT家族成员基因结构相似,其蛋白序列相对保守。顺式作用元件的预测结果表明,丹参FT基因家族可能参与成花诱导等生长发育过程。进化树结果表明,丹参FT基因家族在YBHB、MFT、FT和TFL亚家族中皆有分布。表达模式分析结果表明,FT基因家族的表达存在明显的组织特异性,总体可分为4类:(1)SmFT、SmFTL2和SmFTL5特异性高表达于已开花丹参的叶片;(2)SmFTL1、SmFTL3和SmFTL8特异性高表达于未开花丹参的叶片;(3)SmFTL4和SmFTL9特异性高表达于已开花丹参的根;(4)SmFTL6和SmFTL7特异性高表达于未开花丹参的根。推测这4组基因协同调控丹参地上部分开花与地下根发育的平衡。研究结果可为通过调节地上地下生物量的分配比选育丹参高产新种质提供育种靶点。
