An experimental system based on the background-oriented schlieren（BOS） technique is built to reconstruct the density and temperature distribution of a flame-induced distorted flow field which has a density gradient....An experimental system based on the background-oriented schlieren（BOS） technique is built to reconstruct the density and temperature distribution of a flame-induced distorted flow field which has a density gradient. The cross-correlation algorithm with sub-pixel accuracy is introduced and used to calculate the background-element displacement of a disturbed image and a fourth-order difference scheme is also developed to solve the Poisson equation. An experiment for a disturbed flow field caused by a burning candle is performed to validate the built BOS system and the results indicate that density and temperature distribution of the disturbed flow field can be reconstructed accurately. A notable conclusion is that in order to make the reconstructed results have a satisfactory accuracy, the inquiry step length should be less than the size of the interrogation window.展开更多
The Aleutian Low(AL)is a dominant feature of the mean circulation in the North Pacific during the winter season.The background stationary wave,air-sea interaction,and transient eddies over the North Pacific exert dist...The Aleutian Low(AL)is a dominant feature of the mean circulation in the North Pacific during the winter season.The background stationary wave,air-sea interaction,and transient eddies over the North Pacific exert distinct impacts on the interannual variations of the AL intensity and position.In this study,we adopt the quasi-geostrophic geopotential tendency equation to investigate the roles of various physical processes in the maintenance and interannual variations of this system.The results show that absolute vorticity advection plays the most important role in the formation and maintenance of AL intensity,while high-frequency transient eddies contribute most to the meridional and zonal shifts of the AL.The high-frequency transient eddy vorticity forcing affects the AL through the barotropic energy conversion process,and,in turn,the AL enhances the high-frequency transient eddies through the baroclinic energy conversion process,forming a positive feedback.The associated high-frequency eddy kinetic energy anomalies exhibit an eastward movement toward the east coast of North America in the years of an intensified AL,which explains why a strengthened AL is often accompanied by an eastward movement.Furthermore,the energy conversion terms of high-frequency transient eddies are mostly located over the extratropical eastern North Pacific,leading to asymmetric features in the zonal movement of the AL.展开更多
It is very important for underwater robots to accurately detect and locate target objects. However,under many circumstances,it is difficult to clearly observe the target object due to the existence of bubble noise. In...It is very important for underwater robots to accurately detect and locate target objects. However,under many circumstances,it is difficult to clearly observe the target object due to the existence of bubble noise. In this paper,we proposed a method to solve this problem. First,we used the LK optical flow algorithm to calculate the motion vector of the image background and compensate for the background motion.Then,the optical flow field of the bubbles was calculated by the HS optical flow algorithm,and the area where the bubble existed was obtained by binarizing the image. Finally,we used the adjacent frame image to repair the bubble area. We carried out a bubble noise removal experiment. The results show that this method can effectively remove the bubble noise in the image.展开更多
In order to analyze the effect of the background flow on the sound prediction of fine-scale turbulence noise,the sound spectra from static and flow environments are compared.It turns out that,the two methods can obtai...In order to analyze the effect of the background flow on the sound prediction of fine-scale turbulence noise,the sound spectra from static and flow environments are compared.It turns out that,the two methods can obtain similar predictions not only at 90 deg to the jet axis but also at mid-and high frequencies in other directions.The discrepancies of predictions from the two environments show that the effect of the jet flow on the sound propagation is related to low frequencies in the downstream and upstream directions.It is noted that there is an obvious advantage of computational efficiency for calculating in static environment,compared with that in flow environment.A good agreement is also observed to some extent between the predictions in static environment and measurements of subsonic to supersonic.It is believed that the predictions in static environment could be an effective method to study the propagation of the sound in jet flow and to predict the fine scale turbulence noise accurately in a way as well.展开更多
One of the key challenges in largescale network simulation is the huge computation demand in fine-grained traffic simulation.Apart from using high-performance computing facilities and parallelism techniques,an alterna...One of the key challenges in largescale network simulation is the huge computation demand in fine-grained traffic simulation.Apart from using high-performance computing facilities and parallelism techniques,an alternative is to replace the background traffic by simplified abstract models such as fluid flows.This paper suggests a hybrid modeling approach for background traffic,which combines ON/OFF model with TCP activities.The ON/OFF model is to characterize the application activities,and the ordinary differential equations(ODEs) based on fluid flows is to describe the TCP congestion avoidance functionality.The apparent merits of this approach are(1) to accurately capture the traffic self-similarity at source level,(2) properly reflect the network dynamics,and(3) efficiently decrease the computational complexity.The experimental results show that the approach perfectly makes a proper trade-off between accuracy and complexity in background traffic simulation.展开更多
Three-dimensional density measurement of unsteady flow field around a sphere is carried out in the ballistic range at Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University. Simultaneous multi-angle measurement system using tw...Three-dimensional density measurement of unsteady flow field around a sphere is carried out in the ballistic range at Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University. Simultaneous multi-angle measurement system using twelve digital cameras is installed in the test chamber of the ballistic range to achieve the three-dimensional density measurement. The Colored-Grid Background Oriented Schlieren (CGBOS) technique using colored-grid background is utilized for the reconstruction of density. The Mach number of the sphere is set to 1.5. The short pulse LEDs to illuminate the backgrounds are also installed in the chamber to capture the unsteady flow field around a flying sphere. Three-dimensional density distribution around a sphere is successfully reconstructed.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.NSFC 91441205)
文摘An experimental system based on the background-oriented schlieren（BOS） technique is built to reconstruct the density and temperature distribution of a flame-induced distorted flow field which has a density gradient. The cross-correlation algorithm with sub-pixel accuracy is introduced and used to calculate the background-element displacement of a disturbed image and a fourth-order difference scheme is also developed to solve the Poisson equation. An experiment for a disturbed flow field caused by a burning candle is performed to validate the built BOS system and the results indicate that density and temperature distribution of the disturbed flow field can be reconstructed accurately. A notable conclusion is that in order to make the reconstructed results have a satisfactory accuracy, the inquiry step length should be less than the size of the interrogation window.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42088101 and 42175023)the Innovation Group Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)(Grant No.316323005)the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies(Grant No.2020B1212060025)。
文摘The Aleutian Low(AL)is a dominant feature of the mean circulation in the North Pacific during the winter season.The background stationary wave,air-sea interaction,and transient eddies over the North Pacific exert distinct impacts on the interannual variations of the AL intensity and position.In this study,we adopt the quasi-geostrophic geopotential tendency equation to investigate the roles of various physical processes in the maintenance and interannual variations of this system.The results show that absolute vorticity advection plays the most important role in the formation and maintenance of AL intensity,while high-frequency transient eddies contribute most to the meridional and zonal shifts of the AL.The high-frequency transient eddy vorticity forcing affects the AL through the barotropic energy conversion process,and,in turn,the AL enhances the high-frequency transient eddies through the baroclinic energy conversion process,forming a positive feedback.The associated high-frequency eddy kinetic energy anomalies exhibit an eastward movement toward the east coast of North America in the years of an intensified AL,which explains why a strengthened AL is often accompanied by an eastward movement.Furthermore,the energy conversion terms of high-frequency transient eddies are mostly located over the extratropical eastern North Pacific,leading to asymmetric features in the zonal movement of the AL.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61673138)the National Key Basic Research Development Plan Project(Grant No.2013CB035502)the Self-Planned Task of State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System(HIT)(Grant No.SKLRS201804B)
文摘It is very important for underwater robots to accurately detect and locate target objects. However,under many circumstances,it is difficult to clearly observe the target object due to the existence of bubble noise. In this paper,we proposed a method to solve this problem. First,we used the LK optical flow algorithm to calculate the motion vector of the image background and compensate for the background motion.Then,the optical flow field of the bubbles was calculated by the HS optical flow algorithm,and the area where the bubble existed was obtained by binarizing the image. Finally,we used the adjacent frame image to repair the bubble area. We carried out a bubble noise removal experiment. The results show that this method can effectively remove the bubble noise in the image.
文摘In order to analyze the effect of the background flow on the sound prediction of fine-scale turbulence noise,the sound spectra from static and flow environments are compared.It turns out that,the two methods can obtain similar predictions not only at 90 deg to the jet axis but also at mid-and high frequencies in other directions.The discrepancies of predictions from the two environments show that the effect of the jet flow on the sound propagation is related to low frequencies in the downstream and upstream directions.It is noted that there is an obvious advantage of computational efficiency for calculating in static environment,compared with that in flow environment.A good agreement is also observed to some extent between the predictions in static environment and measurements of subsonic to supersonic.It is believed that the predictions in static environment could be an effective method to study the propagation of the sound in jet flow and to predict the fine scale turbulence noise accurately in a way as well.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province(No. 2014C01051)the National High Technology Development 863 Program of China( No.2015AA011901)
文摘One of the key challenges in largescale network simulation is the huge computation demand in fine-grained traffic simulation.Apart from using high-performance computing facilities and parallelism techniques,an alternative is to replace the background traffic by simplified abstract models such as fluid flows.This paper suggests a hybrid modeling approach for background traffic,which combines ON/OFF model with TCP activities.The ON/OFF model is to characterize the application activities,and the ordinary differential equations(ODEs) based on fluid flows is to describe the TCP congestion avoidance functionality.The apparent merits of this approach are(1) to accurately capture the traffic self-similarity at source level,(2) properly reflect the network dynamics,and(3) efficiently decrease the computational complexity.The experimental results show that the approach perfectly makes a proper trade-off between accuracy and complexity in background traffic simulation.
文摘Three-dimensional density measurement of unsteady flow field around a sphere is carried out in the ballistic range at Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University. Simultaneous multi-angle measurement system using twelve digital cameras is installed in the test chamber of the ballistic range to achieve the three-dimensional density measurement. The Colored-Grid Background Oriented Schlieren (CGBOS) technique using colored-grid background is utilized for the reconstruction of density. The Mach number of the sphere is set to 1.5. The short pulse LEDs to illuminate the backgrounds are also installed in the chamber to capture the unsteady flow field around a flying sphere. Three-dimensional density distribution around a sphere is successfully reconstructed.
文摘为了提高大密度梯度场的背景定向纹影(Background Oriented Schlieren,BOS)图像位移估计的精度和鲁棒性,提出了一种基于梯度恒定性假设的全局光流算法。首先,在传统光流算法的数据项(亮度恒定假设)中加入了梯度恒定假设;然后,采用改进的一阶div-curl正则化项作为空间平滑约束条件;最后,使用标准的“由粗到精”的多分辨率方案处理流场中的大位移。本方法对大密度梯度场的小波光学扭曲的合成BOS图像进行了测试,并与计算机视觉领域的经典光流算法的结果进行了比较。结果表明:均方根误差(Root Mean Square Error,RMSE)降低了0.131,结构相似性指数(Structure Similarity Index Measure,SSIM)提高了10.5%,在计算大密度梯度流场微弱的流动细节方面也更具有优势。
