Traditional Chinese medicine has long regarded flaxseed as a natural remedy for constipation.However,the efficacy or mechanism of flaxseed plant milk(FPM),a functional beverage derived from flaxseed,in alleviating con...Traditional Chinese medicine has long regarded flaxseed as a natural remedy for constipation.However,the efficacy or mechanism of flaxseed plant milk(FPM),a functional beverage derived from flaxseed,in alleviating constipation has not yet been clearly established.In this study,network pharmacology was combined with in vivo experiments to evaluate the anti-constipation activity of FPM on water restriction-induced constipation mouse model.Compared with the model group,administration of FPM(100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg)significantly shortened the time to first black stool excretion,increased number of fecal pellets and water content of fecal pellets,and improved Small Intestinal Transit Rate(p<0.05).Histological analysis revealed that FPM(200 mg/kg)preserved colonic epithelial integrity,reduced lamina propria damage,and restored goblet cell populations.Serum biochemical assays showed that FPM decreased vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)levels and increased 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)concentrations.Network pharmacology identified 214 overlapping targets between flaxseed bioactive compounds and constipation-related genes,with key hub targets including TP53,CASP3,TNF,and IL6.KEGG pathway enrichment suggested that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may serve as a central regulatory axis.Western blot further confirmed that p-PI3K and p-AKT protein levels in the colon were reduced in constipated mice,whereas FPM administration markedly restored their expression,indicating activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.Overall,these findings demonstrate that FPM alleviates constipation by improving stool characteristics,enhancing intestinal motility,and maintaining mucosal integrity,potentially via modulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.This study provides new insights into the gastrointestinal benefits of flaxseed-derived functional foods and supports their development as dietary supplements for intestinal health.展开更多
The increased risk of chronic diseases has led to increasing importance of coarse foods in daily life,but the inclusion of new ingredients has a great degree of influence on the structural characteristics and sensory ...The increased risk of chronic diseases has led to increasing importance of coarse foods in daily life,but the inclusion of new ingredients has a great degree of influence on the structural characteristics and sensory qualities of the food.The effects of five different particle size variations on the physicochemical characteristics,dough,and steamed bread structure of Flaxseed-based milk coproduct(FMC)were investigated.As the particle size decreases,the structure of the dough becomes denser due to an increase in water retention capacity and dissolution capacity,weakening the competition for dough moisture and allowing for an increase in air-holding capacity.The reduction in particle size increased the specific volume of the steamed bread,a decrease in the spread ratio,and an optimization of hardness and elasticity,as well as an increase in consumer acceptance of the FMC steamed bread.However,it is not the smaller the particle size,the higher the quality of steamed bread,appropriate reduction of particle size can improve the quality of steamed bread.In addition,the addition of FMC reduces fat digestion.Therefore,the present study proposes a method to change the particle size of FMC to optimize the quality of the steamed bread and to reduce fat digestibility by adding FMC.展开更多
基金supported by the Earmarked Fund for China Agricultural Research System(CARS-14)the Innovation Group Project of Hubei Province(2023AFA042)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-OCRI)。
文摘Traditional Chinese medicine has long regarded flaxseed as a natural remedy for constipation.However,the efficacy or mechanism of flaxseed plant milk(FPM),a functional beverage derived from flaxseed,in alleviating constipation has not yet been clearly established.In this study,network pharmacology was combined with in vivo experiments to evaluate the anti-constipation activity of FPM on water restriction-induced constipation mouse model.Compared with the model group,administration of FPM(100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg)significantly shortened the time to first black stool excretion,increased number of fecal pellets and water content of fecal pellets,and improved Small Intestinal Transit Rate(p<0.05).Histological analysis revealed that FPM(200 mg/kg)preserved colonic epithelial integrity,reduced lamina propria damage,and restored goblet cell populations.Serum biochemical assays showed that FPM decreased vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)levels and increased 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)concentrations.Network pharmacology identified 214 overlapping targets between flaxseed bioactive compounds and constipation-related genes,with key hub targets including TP53,CASP3,TNF,and IL6.KEGG pathway enrichment suggested that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may serve as a central regulatory axis.Western blot further confirmed that p-PI3K and p-AKT protein levels in the colon were reduced in constipated mice,whereas FPM administration markedly restored their expression,indicating activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.Overall,these findings demonstrate that FPM alleviates constipation by improving stool characteristics,enhancing intestinal motility,and maintaining mucosal integrity,potentially via modulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.This study provides new insights into the gastrointestinal benefits of flaxseed-derived functional foods and supports their development as dietary supplements for intestinal health.
基金support of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2100403)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-OCRI)+3 种基金the Earmarked Fund for CARS-14the Innovation Group Project of Hubei Province(2023AFA042)the Key Research Projects of Hubei Province(2020BBA045)the Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Basic Research(3562).
文摘The increased risk of chronic diseases has led to increasing importance of coarse foods in daily life,but the inclusion of new ingredients has a great degree of influence on the structural characteristics and sensory qualities of the food.The effects of five different particle size variations on the physicochemical characteristics,dough,and steamed bread structure of Flaxseed-based milk coproduct(FMC)were investigated.As the particle size decreases,the structure of the dough becomes denser due to an increase in water retention capacity and dissolution capacity,weakening the competition for dough moisture and allowing for an increase in air-holding capacity.The reduction in particle size increased the specific volume of the steamed bread,a decrease in the spread ratio,and an optimization of hardness and elasticity,as well as an increase in consumer acceptance of the FMC steamed bread.However,it is not the smaller the particle size,the higher the quality of steamed bread,appropriate reduction of particle size can improve the quality of steamed bread.In addition,the addition of FMC reduces fat digestion.Therefore,the present study proposes a method to change the particle size of FMC to optimize the quality of the steamed bread and to reduce fat digestibility by adding FMC.
