The fate of fenitrothion in rice- fish ecosystem was studied using C- fenitrothion (14C- F) labelled at methoxyl and two application rates. The fenitrothion in water disappeared quickly, only 8 and 11 ppb in two treat...The fate of fenitrothion in rice- fish ecosystem was studied using C- fenitrothion (14C- F) labelled at methoxyl and two application rates. The fenitrothion in water disappeared quickly, only 8 and 11 ppb in two treatments at harvest were detected respectively. Most of 14C-F in soil existed in upper layer and that in plants appeared in shoots. The extractable residues in cargo rice were 0.36 and 0.58 ppm in two treatments respectively. 14C- residues (14C- R) were concentrated in bones, next viscera, meat and scales. Total 14C-R in meat were 0.92 and 1.77 ppm at harvest. Comparing two treatments, the residue dynamics of fenitrothion in water, soil, plants and fish were similar. 14C- R in water and soil after harvest affected the rice- fish ecosystem in the next season. However, the extractable 14C- R in cargo rice, soil and water were very low. Fenitrothion 14C- fenitrothion Rice- fish Model展开更多
In this paper, an algae-fish harvested model with Allee effect was established to further explore the dynamic evolution mechanism under the influence of key factors. Mathematical theoretical work not only investigated...In this paper, an algae-fish harvested model with Allee effect was established to further explore the dynamic evolution mechanism under the influence of key factors. Mathematical theoretical work not only investigated the existence and stability of all possible equilibrium points, but also probed into the occurrence of transcritical and Hopf bifurcation. The numerical simulation works verified the effectiveness of the theoretical derivation results and displayed rich bifurcation dynamical behaviors, which showed that Allee effect and harvest have played a vital role in the dynamic relationship between algae and fish. In summary, it was expected that these research results would be beneficial for promoting the study of bifurcation dynamics in aquatic ecosystems.展开更多
Fish cage systems are influenced by various oceanic conditions, and the movements and deformation of the system by the external forces can affect the safety of the system itself, as well as the species of fish being c...Fish cage systems are influenced by various oceanic conditions, and the movements and deformation of the system by the external forces can affect the safety of the system itself, as well as the species of fish being cultivated. Structural durability of the system against environmental factors has been major concern for the marine aquaculture system. In this research, a mathematical model and a simulation method were presented for analyzing the performance of the large-scale fish cage system influenced by current and waves. The cage system consisted of netting, mooring ropes, floats, sinkers and floating collar. All the elements were modeled by use of the mass-spring model. The structures were divided into finite elements and mass points were placed at the mid-point of each element, and mass points were connected by springs without mass. Each mass point was applied to external and internal forces, and total force was calculated in every integration step. The computation method was applied to the dynamic simulation of the actual fish cage systems rigged with synthetic fiber and copper wire simultaneously influenced by current and waves. Here, we also tried to find a relevant ratio between buoyancy and sinking force of the fish cages. The simulation results provide improved understanding of the behavior of the structure and valuable information concerning optimum ratio of the buoyancy to sinking force according to current speeds.展开更多
Conventional artificial fish has some shortages on the interaction with environment, other fish, and the animator. This article proposes a multi-tier interaction control model of artificial fish, realizes the interact...Conventional artificial fish has some shortages on the interaction with environment, other fish, and the animator. This article proposes a multi-tier interaction control model of artificial fish, realizes the interaction model through integration of virtual reality technology and Markov sequence, and provides a virtual marine world to describe the interaction between artificial fish and the virtual environment and the interaction between the artificial fish and the animator. Simulation results show that the interaction model owns not only the basic characteristics of virtual biology, but also has high trueness interaction function.展开更多
The pelagic species is closely related to the marine environmental factors, and establishment of forecasting model of fishing ground with high accuracy is an important content for pelagic fishery. The chub mackerel（S...The pelagic species is closely related to the marine environmental factors, and establishment of forecasting model of fishing ground with high accuracy is an important content for pelagic fishery. The chub mackerel（Scomber japonicus） in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea is an important fishing target for Chinese lighting purse seine fishery. Based on the fishery data from China＇s mainland large-type lighting purse seine fishery for chub mackerel during the period of 2003 to 2010 and the environmental data including sea surface temperature（SST）, gradient of the sea surface temperature（GSST）, sea surface height（SSH） and geostrophic velocity（GV）, we attempt to establish one new forecasting model of fishing ground based on boosted regression trees. In this study, the fishing areas with fishing effort is considered as one fishing ground, and the areas with no fishing ground are randomly selected from a background field, in which the fishing areas have no records in the logbooks. The performance of the forecasting model of fishing ground is evaluated with the testing data from the actual fishing data in 2011. The results show that the forecasting model of fishing ground has a high prediction performance, and the area under receiver operating curve（AUC） attains 0.897. The predicted fishing grounds are coincided with the actual fishing locations in 2011, and the movement route is also the same as the shift of fishing vessels, which indicates that this forecasting model based on the boosted regression trees can be used to effectively forecast the fishing ground of chub mackerel in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea.展开更多
This paper puts forward a construction method based on ontology for the Pearl River Basin fish production, to facilitate the domain knowledge analysis and information retrieval. By converting the concepts and terms in...This paper puts forward a construction method based on ontology for the Pearl River Basin fish production, to facilitate the domain knowledge analysis and information retrieval. By converting the concepts and terms in domain ordinally, the fish production ontology was constructed with the definition of classes, properties, instances, and relationships. The developed ontology model of the fish production knowledge is proposed and applied in the system of fish diseases diagnosis primarily. The research lays the semantic foundation for the further efficient knowledge management and practical application.展开更多
The assessment of ecological status for running waters is one of the major issues within an integrated river basin management and plays a key role with respect to the implementation of the European Water Frame- work D...The assessment of ecological status for running waters is one of the major issues within an integrated river basin management and plays a key role with respect to the implementation of the European Water Frame- work Directive (WFD).One of the tools supporting the development of sustainable river management is physi- cal habitat modeling,e.g.,for fish,because fish population are one of the most important indicators for the e- colngical integrity of rivers.Within physical habitat models hydromorphological ...展开更多
Co-occurrence pattern of fish species plays an important role in understanding the spatio-temporal structure and the stability of fish community.Species coexistence may vary with time and space.The co-occurrence patte...Co-occurrence pattern of fish species plays an important role in understanding the spatio-temporal structure and the stability of fish community.Species coexistence may vary with time and space.The co-occurrence patterns of fish species were examined using the C-score under fixed-fixed null model for fish communities in spring and autumn over different years in the Haizhou Bay,China.The results showed that fish assemblages in the whole bay had non-random patterns in spring and autumn over different years.However,the fish co-occurrence patterns were different for the northern and southern fish assemblages in spring and autumn.The northern fish assemblage showed structured pattern,whereas the southern assemblage were randomly assembled in spring.The co-occurrence patterns of fish communities were relatively stable over different years,and the number of significant species pairs in northern assemblage was more than that in the southern assemblage.Environmental heterogeneity played an important role in determining the distributions of fish species that formed significant species pairs,which might affect the co-occurrence patterns of northern and southern assemblages further in the Haizhou Bay.展开更多
Residues of 14C- carbofuran were studied in model late- rice ecosystem (LRE) and early- rice ecosystem (ERE). The treatment consisted of two rates of the pesticide (1x) and 2.5x). At day 56 after application, 7.3% (1x...Residues of 14C- carbofuran were studied in model late- rice ecosystem (LRE) and early- rice ecosystem (ERE). The treatment consisted of two rates of the pesticide (1x) and 2.5x). At day 56 after application, 7.3% (1x) and 2.9% (2.5x) of the pesticide and its degradative products remained in the water of the LRE, and 1.8% (1x) and 2.4% (2.5x) of them remained in the water of the ERE. At harvest, 37.5% (LRE) and 24.0% (ERE) of the pesticide applied were detected in the upper layer of the soil; and 40.6% (LRE) and 26.9% (ERE) remained in the lower layer of the soil. The residues in the rice plants increased at the first stage, reached maximum levels during day 14 to 28 after application, and decreased thereafter. At harvest, residues in the stems and leaves in the two treatments (1x and 2.5x) were 3.91μ g/g and 7.78μ g/g (LRE) and 5.04 μg/g and 17.29 μ g/g (ERE) respectively. Residues in the ears were about 1/8 to 1/12 of that in the other parts of the plants. The pesticide residues in fish bodies in both experiments were also determined.展开更多
The integrated planting and breeding of paddy fields is a kind of eco-planting and breeding mode which makes rice and aquatic animals benefit from each other,greatly reducing the harm of rice pests and diseases,using ...The integrated planting and breeding of paddy fields is a kind of eco-planting and breeding mode which makes rice and aquatic animals benefit from each other,greatly reducing the harm of rice pests and diseases,using less or even no fertilizers or pesticides,greatly reducing the agricultural non-point source pollution,thus achieving the " multiple use of water,multiple harvests in one field,grain and fishing winwin,ecological and high efficient use. " In this paper,the high yield and efficient cultivation techniques of rice under the rice-fish intergrowth model in Chengdu was introduced from the aspects of selecting good paddy fields for fishing,using appropriate rice varieties,soaking disinfection,timely sowing and nurturing strong seedlings,reasonable close planting,reasonable fertilization,scientific water management,scientific pest control and rice harvests.展开更多
Developing recreational fishery is the main way to promote the fisherman transferring their jobs,to enhance their incomes,and to promote the development of the fishing village. The development models of ocean recreati...Developing recreational fishery is the main way to promote the fisherman transferring their jobs,to enhance their incomes,and to promote the development of the fishing village. The development models of ocean recreational fishery of Shandong province were given. According to the development of recreational fishery and management models,the development modes of recreational fisheries can be divided as: individual operation mode,fishermen association mode,the company and fishermen joint venture mode,the government leading mode and enterprises synergetic mode. The new direction of recreational fishery was pointed out at last.展开更多
Recently the use of biologic materials as dura mater repair patches has been increasing. The purpose of this study is to assess the basis for efficacy and safety of using a novel fish derived acellular dermis (Kerecis...Recently the use of biologic materials as dura mater repair patches has been increasing. The purpose of this study is to assess the basis for efficacy and safety of using a novel fish derived acellular dermis (Kerecis Omega3 DuraTM). In an ovine model a craniotomy under general anaesthesia was performed. A defect was produced in the dural covering of approximately 1 × 2 cm and closed with an onlay technique, with Kerecis Omega3 Dura. The bone defect was covered with the bony flap and the overlying tissues closed in layers. At 2, 5, 8 and 11 weeks the sheep underwent MRI scanning followed by euthanasia, necropsy and histological assessment. MRI images taken at 2, 5, 8 and 11 weeks showed initially moderate inflammatory response, which diminished over time, and at 11 weeks no evidence of inflammation existed. There was evidence of cerebrospinal fluid leakage at no time point. Necropsy revealed some adhesions at 5 and 8 weeks, in particular at 5 weeks, but at 11 weeks there were no adhesions found. From 2 - 11 weeks, there was evidence of initially an inflammatory reaction followed by neodura formation at the defect site through cellular ingrowth and remodeling of the acellular fish skin. Histology showed a histiocytic foreign body reaction initially that subsided over time. As early as 8 weeks there was evidence of neodura formation and by 11 weeks there was a minimal inflammatory response with an intact neodura formed. In this pilot study the Kerecis Omega3 Dura patches performed in a safe and efficacious manner. This new material needs to be fully assessed and compared with other products that are currently on the market in a larger scale animal study.展开更多
The force production physics and the flow control mechanism of fish fast C-start are studied numerically and theoretically by using a tail-flapping model.The problem is simplified to a 2-D foil that rotates rapidly to...The force production physics and the flow control mechanism of fish fast C-start are studied numerically and theoretically by using a tail-flapping model.The problem is simplified to a 2-D foil that rotates rapidly to and fro on one side about its fixed leading edge in water medium.The study involves the simulation of the flow by solving the two-dimensional unsteady incompressible Navier- Stokes equations and employing a theoretical analytic modeling approach.Firstly,reasonable thrust magnitude and its time history are obtained and checked by fitting predicted results coming from these two approaches.Next,the flow fields and vortex structures are given,and the propulsive mechanism is interpreted.The results show that the induction of vortex distributions near the trailing edge of the tail are important in the time-averaged thrust generation,though the added inertial effect plays an important role in producing an instant large thrust especially in the first stage.Furthermore,dynamic and energetic effects of some kinematic controlling factors are discussed.For enhancing the time- averaged thrust but keeping a favorable ratio of it to time-averaged input power within the limitations of muscle ability,it is recommended to have a larger deflection amplitude in a limited time interval and with no time delay between the to-and-fro strokes.展开更多
In this current paper, the exposure time effects on four endocrine disruptors and teleost fishes were evaluated using the reduced life expectancy (RLE) model based on the effect concentration (EC<sub>50</sub&...In this current paper, the exposure time effects on four endocrine disruptors and teleost fishes were evaluated using the reduced life expectancy (RLE) model based on the effect concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) of available literature published. The result on the regression analysis over different exposure times has demonstrated that the EC<sub>50</sub> of hepatic biomarkers falls with increasing exposure times in a predictable manner. The slopes of the regression equations reflect the strength of the toxic effects on the various teleost fish. The EC<sub>50</sub> reduction over time can be interpreted based on the bioconcentration process, which can be used to understand transfer routes of the compounds from water to fish body. RLE model also provides useful information in assessing the toxic effects on fish life expectancy as a result of the occurrence of compounds.展开更多
物种名是生物分类学的核心概念,是认识和描述生物多样性的前提。拉丁种名的命名具有语言独立性、规范性和唯一性,不受地域和语言差异影响,确保跨语言、跨学科交流的准确性;但物种地方名(俗名)缺少命名规则,融合了历史与文化传统,往往存...物种名是生物分类学的核心概念,是认识和描述生物多样性的前提。拉丁种名的命名具有语言独立性、规范性和唯一性,不受地域和语言差异影响,确保跨语言、跨学科交流的准确性;但物种地方名(俗名)缺少命名规则,融合了历史与文化传统,往往存在误用、混乱甚至是缺失的情况,特别是在鱼类中,约20%的物种缺少中文名,严重制约了生物多样性认知、跨语言交流、科学传播和数据共享与利用等。为应对这一问题,本研究整合《拉汉世界鱼类系统名典》等多个权威数据源,构建了60564条高质量拉丁学名与中文名双语平行语料库。基于多语言大模型mT5(multilingual text-to-text transfer transformer,包含small、base、large三种参数规模),引入对偶学习框架与命名规则约束,实现鱼类中文名的自动生成与校正。结果显示,微调后的mT5-large模型在独立测试集上获得的BLEURT和COMET的对偶译质评分分别为0.90和0.93,较DeepSeek-R1等通用大语言模型提升38%~159%,并将低频属名与新描述种名的翻译错误率降低25%~80%。所有生成的鱼类中文名均由分类学专家逐条审定,以确保命名的科学性和规范性。本研究首次系统性地补全了全球鱼类的中文名系统,打通了物种学名与俗名之间的信息壁垒;并开发配套微信小程序面向所有用户开放,实时更新种名信息和分类变动。研究方法为其他生物类群的多语言俗名翻译提供了可复制、可推广的技术范式,助力全球生物多样性与文化多样性保护实践。展开更多
文摘The fate of fenitrothion in rice- fish ecosystem was studied using C- fenitrothion (14C- F) labelled at methoxyl and two application rates. The fenitrothion in water disappeared quickly, only 8 and 11 ppb in two treatments at harvest were detected respectively. Most of 14C-F in soil existed in upper layer and that in plants appeared in shoots. The extractable residues in cargo rice were 0.36 and 0.58 ppm in two treatments respectively. 14C- residues (14C- R) were concentrated in bones, next viscera, meat and scales. Total 14C-R in meat were 0.92 and 1.77 ppm at harvest. Comparing two treatments, the residue dynamics of fenitrothion in water, soil, plants and fish were similar. 14C- R in water and soil after harvest affected the rice- fish ecosystem in the next season. However, the extractable 14C- R in cargo rice, soil and water were very low. Fenitrothion 14C- fenitrothion Rice- fish Model
文摘In this paper, an algae-fish harvested model with Allee effect was established to further explore the dynamic evolution mechanism under the influence of key factors. Mathematical theoretical work not only investigated the existence and stability of all possible equilibrium points, but also probed into the occurrence of transcritical and Hopf bifurcation. The numerical simulation works verified the effectiveness of the theoretical derivation results and displayed rich bifurcation dynamical behaviors, which showed that Allee effect and harvest have played a vital role in the dynamic relationship between algae and fish. In summary, it was expected that these research results would be beneficial for promoting the study of bifurcation dynamics in aquatic ecosystems.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant founded by the Korean Government(MEST)(Grant No.NRF-2013R1A1A4A01011445)
文摘Fish cage systems are influenced by various oceanic conditions, and the movements and deformation of the system by the external forces can affect the safety of the system itself, as well as the species of fish being cultivated. Structural durability of the system against environmental factors has been major concern for the marine aquaculture system. In this research, a mathematical model and a simulation method were presented for analyzing the performance of the large-scale fish cage system influenced by current and waves. The cage system consisted of netting, mooring ropes, floats, sinkers and floating collar. All the elements were modeled by use of the mass-spring model. The structures were divided into finite elements and mass points were placed at the mid-point of each element, and mass points were connected by springs without mass. Each mass point was applied to external and internal forces, and total force was calculated in every integration step. The computation method was applied to the dynamic simulation of the actual fish cage systems rigged with synthetic fiber and copper wire simultaneously influenced by current and waves. Here, we also tried to find a relevant ratio between buoyancy and sinking force of the fish cages. The simulation results provide improved understanding of the behavior of the structure and valuable information concerning optimum ratio of the buoyancy to sinking force according to current speeds.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60503024 60374032)
文摘Conventional artificial fish has some shortages on the interaction with environment, other fish, and the animator. This article proposes a multi-tier interaction control model of artificial fish, realizes the interaction model through integration of virtual reality technology and Markov sequence, and provides a virtual marine world to describe the interaction between artificial fish and the virtual environment and the interaction between the artificial fish and the animator. Simulation results show that the interaction model owns not only the basic characteristics of virtual biology, but also has high trueness interaction function.
基金The National High Technology Research and Development Program(863 Program)of China under contract No.2012AA092301the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean under contract No.20155014+1 种基金the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2013BAD13B01the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commissionof China under contract No.14ZZ147
文摘The pelagic species is closely related to the marine environmental factors, and establishment of forecasting model of fishing ground with high accuracy is an important content for pelagic fishery. The chub mackerel（Scomber japonicus） in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea is an important fishing target for Chinese lighting purse seine fishery. Based on the fishery data from China＇s mainland large-type lighting purse seine fishery for chub mackerel during the period of 2003 to 2010 and the environmental data including sea surface temperature（SST）, gradient of the sea surface temperature（GSST）, sea surface height（SSH） and geostrophic velocity（GV）, we attempt to establish one new forecasting model of fishing ground based on boosted regression trees. In this study, the fishing areas with fishing effort is considered as one fishing ground, and the areas with no fishing ground are randomly selected from a background field, in which the fishing areas have no records in the logbooks. The performance of the forecasting model of fishing ground is evaluated with the testing data from the actual fishing data in 2011. The results show that the forecasting model of fishing ground has a high prediction performance, and the area under receiver operating curve（AUC） attains 0.897. The predicted fishing grounds are coincided with the actual fishing locations in 2011, and the movement route is also the same as the shift of fishing vessels, which indicates that this forecasting model based on the boosted regression trees can be used to effectively forecast the fishing ground of chub mackerel in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (2006AA10Z239)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2006BAD10A0501)
文摘This paper puts forward a construction method based on ontology for the Pearl River Basin fish production, to facilitate the domain knowledge analysis and information retrieval. By converting the concepts and terms in domain ordinally, the fish production ontology was constructed with the definition of classes, properties, instances, and relationships. The developed ontology model of the fish production knowledge is proposed and applied in the system of fish diseases diagnosis primarily. The research lays the semantic foundation for the further efficient knowledge management and practical application.
文摘The assessment of ecological status for running waters is one of the major issues within an integrated river basin management and plays a key role with respect to the implementation of the European Water Frame- work Directive (WFD).One of the tools supporting the development of sustainable river management is physi- cal habitat modeling,e.g.,for fish,because fish population are one of the most important indicators for the e- colngical integrity of rivers.Within physical habitat models hydromorphological ...
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31772852)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. 2015 62030, 201612004)the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean (No. 201305030)
文摘Co-occurrence pattern of fish species plays an important role in understanding the spatio-temporal structure and the stability of fish community.Species coexistence may vary with time and space.The co-occurrence patterns of fish species were examined using the C-score under fixed-fixed null model for fish communities in spring and autumn over different years in the Haizhou Bay,China.The results showed that fish assemblages in the whole bay had non-random patterns in spring and autumn over different years.However,the fish co-occurrence patterns were different for the northern and southern fish assemblages in spring and autumn.The northern fish assemblage showed structured pattern,whereas the southern assemblage were randomly assembled in spring.The co-occurrence patterns of fish communities were relatively stable over different years,and the number of significant species pairs in northern assemblage was more than that in the southern assemblage.Environmental heterogeneity played an important role in determining the distributions of fish species that formed significant species pairs,which might affect the co-occurrence patterns of northern and southern assemblages further in the Haizhou Bay.
基金Research carried out with the support of IAEA under Research Contract No. 4233/RB
文摘Residues of 14C- carbofuran were studied in model late- rice ecosystem (LRE) and early- rice ecosystem (ERE). The treatment consisted of two rates of the pesticide (1x) and 2.5x). At day 56 after application, 7.3% (1x) and 2.9% (2.5x) of the pesticide and its degradative products remained in the water of the LRE, and 1.8% (1x) and 2.4% (2.5x) of them remained in the water of the ERE. At harvest, 37.5% (LRE) and 24.0% (ERE) of the pesticide applied were detected in the upper layer of the soil; and 40.6% (LRE) and 26.9% (ERE) remained in the lower layer of the soil. The residues in the rice plants increased at the first stage, reached maximum levels during day 14 to 28 after application, and decreased thereafter. At harvest, residues in the stems and leaves in the two treatments (1x and 2.5x) were 3.91μ g/g and 7.78μ g/g (LRE) and 5.04 μg/g and 17.29 μ g/g (ERE) respectively. Residues in the ears were about 1/8 to 1/12 of that in the other parts of the plants. The pesticide residues in fish bodies in both experiments were also determined.
文摘The integrated planting and breeding of paddy fields is a kind of eco-planting and breeding mode which makes rice and aquatic animals benefit from each other,greatly reducing the harm of rice pests and diseases,using less or even no fertilizers or pesticides,greatly reducing the agricultural non-point source pollution,thus achieving the " multiple use of water,multiple harvests in one field,grain and fishing winwin,ecological and high efficient use. " In this paper,the high yield and efficient cultivation techniques of rice under the rice-fish intergrowth model in Chengdu was introduced from the aspects of selecting good paddy fields for fishing,using appropriate rice varieties,soaking disinfection,timely sowing and nurturing strong seedlings,reasonable close planting,reasonable fertilization,scientific water management,scientific pest control and rice harvests.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Program of Chinese Ocean Development Study Center(AOCOUC200903)
文摘Developing recreational fishery is the main way to promote the fisherman transferring their jobs,to enhance their incomes,and to promote the development of the fishing village. The development models of ocean recreational fishery of Shandong province were given. According to the development of recreational fishery and management models,the development modes of recreational fisheries can be divided as: individual operation mode,fishermen association mode,the company and fishermen joint venture mode,the government leading mode and enterprises synergetic mode. The new direction of recreational fishery was pointed out at last.
文摘Recently the use of biologic materials as dura mater repair patches has been increasing. The purpose of this study is to assess the basis for efficacy and safety of using a novel fish derived acellular dermis (Kerecis Omega3 DuraTM). In an ovine model a craniotomy under general anaesthesia was performed. A defect was produced in the dural covering of approximately 1 × 2 cm and closed with an onlay technique, with Kerecis Omega3 Dura. The bone defect was covered with the bony flap and the overlying tissues closed in layers. At 2, 5, 8 and 11 weeks the sheep underwent MRI scanning followed by euthanasia, necropsy and histological assessment. MRI images taken at 2, 5, 8 and 11 weeks showed initially moderate inflammatory response, which diminished over time, and at 11 weeks no evidence of inflammation existed. There was evidence of cerebrospinal fluid leakage at no time point. Necropsy revealed some adhesions at 5 and 8 weeks, in particular at 5 weeks, but at 11 weeks there were no adhesions found. From 2 - 11 weeks, there was evidence of initially an inflammatory reaction followed by neodura formation at the defect site through cellular ingrowth and remodeling of the acellular fish skin. Histology showed a histiocytic foreign body reaction initially that subsided over time. As early as 8 weeks there was evidence of neodura formation and by 11 weeks there was a minimal inflammatory response with an intact neodura formed. In this pilot study the Kerecis Omega3 Dura patches performed in a safe and efficacious manner. This new material needs to be fully assessed and compared with other products that are currently on the market in a larger scale animal study.
文摘The force production physics and the flow control mechanism of fish fast C-start are studied numerically and theoretically by using a tail-flapping model.The problem is simplified to a 2-D foil that rotates rapidly to and fro on one side about its fixed leading edge in water medium.The study involves the simulation of the flow by solving the two-dimensional unsteady incompressible Navier- Stokes equations and employing a theoretical analytic modeling approach.Firstly,reasonable thrust magnitude and its time history are obtained and checked by fitting predicted results coming from these two approaches.Next,the flow fields and vortex structures are given,and the propulsive mechanism is interpreted.The results show that the induction of vortex distributions near the trailing edge of the tail are important in the time-averaged thrust generation,though the added inertial effect plays an important role in producing an instant large thrust especially in the first stage.Furthermore,dynamic and energetic effects of some kinematic controlling factors are discussed.For enhancing the time- averaged thrust but keeping a favorable ratio of it to time-averaged input power within the limitations of muscle ability,it is recommended to have a larger deflection amplitude in a limited time interval and with no time delay between the to-and-fro strokes.
文摘In this current paper, the exposure time effects on four endocrine disruptors and teleost fishes were evaluated using the reduced life expectancy (RLE) model based on the effect concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) of available literature published. The result on the regression analysis over different exposure times has demonstrated that the EC<sub>50</sub> of hepatic biomarkers falls with increasing exposure times in a predictable manner. The slopes of the regression equations reflect the strength of the toxic effects on the various teleost fish. The EC<sub>50</sub> reduction over time can be interpreted based on the bioconcentration process, which can be used to understand transfer routes of the compounds from water to fish body. RLE model also provides useful information in assessing the toxic effects on fish life expectancy as a result of the occurrence of compounds.
文摘物种名是生物分类学的核心概念,是认识和描述生物多样性的前提。拉丁种名的命名具有语言独立性、规范性和唯一性,不受地域和语言差异影响,确保跨语言、跨学科交流的准确性;但物种地方名(俗名)缺少命名规则,融合了历史与文化传统,往往存在误用、混乱甚至是缺失的情况,特别是在鱼类中,约20%的物种缺少中文名,严重制约了生物多样性认知、跨语言交流、科学传播和数据共享与利用等。为应对这一问题,本研究整合《拉汉世界鱼类系统名典》等多个权威数据源,构建了60564条高质量拉丁学名与中文名双语平行语料库。基于多语言大模型mT5(multilingual text-to-text transfer transformer,包含small、base、large三种参数规模),引入对偶学习框架与命名规则约束,实现鱼类中文名的自动生成与校正。结果显示,微调后的mT5-large模型在独立测试集上获得的BLEURT和COMET的对偶译质评分分别为0.90和0.93,较DeepSeek-R1等通用大语言模型提升38%~159%,并将低频属名与新描述种名的翻译错误率降低25%~80%。所有生成的鱼类中文名均由分类学专家逐条审定,以确保命名的科学性和规范性。本研究首次系统性地补全了全球鱼类的中文名系统,打通了物种学名与俗名之间的信息壁垒;并开发配套微信小程序面向所有用户开放,实时更新种名信息和分类变动。研究方法为其他生物类群的多语言俗名翻译提供了可复制、可推广的技术范式,助力全球生物多样性与文化多样性保护实践。
