Film coating is an important unit operation to produce solid dosage forms,thereby,the monitoring of this process is helpful to find problems in time and improve the quality of coated products.Traditional methods adopt...Film coating is an important unit operation to produce solid dosage forms,thereby,the monitoring of this process is helpful to find problems in time and improve the quality of coated products.Traditional methods adopted to monitor this process include measurement of coating weight gain,performance of disintegration and dissolution test,etc.However,not only do these methods cause destruction to the samples,but also consume time and energy.There have recently emerged the applications of process analytical technologies(PAT)on film coating,especially some novel spectroscopic and imaging technologies,which have the potential to real-time track the progress in film coating and optimize production efficiency.This article gives an overview on the application of such technologies for film coating,with the goal to provide a reference for the further researches.展开更多
The semi-transparency to thermal radiation,coupled with low nanoparticle retention and formation of semi-melted particles during plasma spraying,significantly limits the hightemperature application of nanostructured y...The semi-transparency to thermal radiation,coupled with low nanoparticle retention and formation of semi-melted particles during plasma spraying,significantly limits the hightemperature application of nanostructured yttria stabilized zirconia(YSZ)(nYSZ)thermal barrier coatings.To address these challenges,this study introduces an innovative approach that involves coating nanoparticles with carbon films to prevent them from melting and merging during the plasma spraying process.This method substantially increases the nanoparticle content within the coating,and nanopores formed at the nanoparticle surfaces when the carbon film is removed at 800℃.These nanopores,in combination with nanoparticles,enhance thermal radiation scattering,improving the scattering coefficient and thermal radiation blocking capability of the coating.In contrast to that of conventional thermal barrier coatings(TBCs)of YSZ,the simulated temperature of the substrate under service conditions decreases by up to 26.26 K due to decreased radiative heat transfer and by 111.2 K when the thermal conductivity is reduced.Additionally,the scattering coefficients remain stable within the 1-5μm range even after heat treatment at 1300°C for 100 h,as the coarsened nanoparticle size approaches the wavelength of thermal radiation.Thus,nYSZ TBCs with enhanced thermal radiation blocking ability and high temperature stability can be created by this approach for higher temperature applications.展开更多
Ceramic capillary membrane has received much attention due to its relatively high pack density and favorable mechanical strength.However,it is difficult to prepare capillary membrane on its thin support by a dip-coati...Ceramic capillary membrane has received much attention due to its relatively high pack density and favorable mechanical strength.However,it is difficult to prepare capillary membrane on its thin support by a dip-coating method.In this study,alumina microfiltration membranes were prepared on the inner surface of alumina capillary support(outer diameter 4 mm,inner diameter 2.5 mm)by a dip-coating method.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)observation,gas bubble pressure(GBP)method and membrane permeation test were carried out to evaluate membrane performance.Two major effects in preparation of crack-free membrane,capillary filtration and film-coating,upon the thin support were studied.The as-prepared crack-free membrane presents a narrow pore size distribution,a mean pore size of about 0.6μm and a high pure water flux of 86000 L·m -2 ·h -1 ·MPa.It is proved that the membrane thickness should be sufficiently large to overcome the defects of support surface,but it is only one of the prerequisites for the formation of crack-free membrane.Furthermore,it is demonstrated that the capillary filtration effect is greatly restricted for thin capillary support with the dip-coating method and the film-coating effect plays a crucial role in the formation of crack-free membrane.展开更多
A simple method of carbon film coating used in CdZnTe crystal growth was developed. The optimum parameters were selected. Breakdown of carbon film was commonly seen if Cd reservoir was not used in the crystal growth. ...A simple method of carbon film coating used in CdZnTe crystal growth was developed. The optimum parameters were selected. Breakdown of carbon film was commonly seen if Cd reservoir was not used in the crystal growth. The carbon film was in good condition when the vapor pressure of Cd was kept around 0.1 MPa during crystal growth.展开更多
Hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon （DLC） thin films were deposited at low temperature （less than 100~C） by an RF magne- tron sputtering facility. DLC films have the ability to change the sound velocity （E/p） in l...Hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon （DLC） thin films were deposited at low temperature （less than 100~C） by an RF magne- tron sputtering facility. DLC films have the ability to change the sound velocity （E/p） in loudspeakers for applications of hard coating. The hydrogen-free DLC films were coated onto PEI diaphragm substrates. The ID/IG ratio and the surface roughness are 2.09 and less than 0.86 nm （Ra） with a scanning area of 50 um x 50 um, respectively. Frequency response analysis of the DLC films on the diaphragm shows that the high frequency response increases by 0.2 dB-5.1 dB （6 kHz-ll.2 kHz）, -0.4 dB-1.8 dB （11.8 kHz-20 kHz） on average. On the basis of the results of this study, we validated that it was feasible to sputter hydrogen-free DLC films on polymer substrates for mass production. These results also provided useful parameters for future applications of electro-acoustic devices.展开更多
Sea bass(Lateolabrax maculatus)is one of the important seafood in China.Its shelf-life under refrigerated storage exponentially deteriorate due to the growth of spoilage microorganisms,protein degradation and lipid ox...Sea bass(Lateolabrax maculatus)is one of the important seafood in China.Its shelf-life under refrigerated storage exponentially deteriorate due to the growth of spoilage microorganisms,protein degradation and lipid oxidation.In this study,4 coating materials namely,konjac glucomannan-whey protein isolate(KGM-WPI)film,chitosan-sweet potato starch(CHI-SPS)film,chitosan-bamboo fungus(CHI-BF)film,and chitosan-boehmite alumina(CHI-BAH)have been explored to enhance the shelf life of sea bass during 8 days of refrigerated storage.Overall,CHI-BF was observed to be best in retaining hardness,gumminess and maintaining total volatile basic nitrogen value.Whereas CHI-SPS was found to retain chewiness and maintain lower values for drip loss and peroxide value.CHI-BAH coating was observed to maintain the lower values for pH and EC values of sea bass under refrigerated storage.However,the least increase in total viable count and minimum change in b^(*)value was observed in the case of sea bass coated with KGM-WPI.The current research fi ndings provide a new practical storage method for the entire fresh fish.The fresh fish can be coated with different coating materials and store on the ice at 4℃without packaging during retailing.These film coated whole fresh fish retains its microbial and sensory quality.展开更多
This review covers the recent developments in the field of biobased packaging materials. Special emphasis is placed on the barrier properties, which are crucial in terms of food packaging. The state-of-the-art of seve...This review covers the recent developments in the field of biobased packaging materials. Special emphasis is placed on the barrier properties, which are crucial in terms of food packaging. The state-of-the-art of several biopolymers including pectin, starch, chitosan, xylan, galactoglucomannan, lignin and cellulose nanofibrils is discussed. As in most cases the packaging related properties of single layer biopolymer films are inadequate, the thin film coatings, such as sol-gel and ALD (atomic layer deposition), as well as the multilayer coatings are also briefly touched.展开更多
This paper puts forward the two methods of weightlessness and alkoxyl group content determination to calculate the amount of cross-linking agent after elaborating the curing essence of silicone paint under the action ...This paper puts forward the two methods of weightlessness and alkoxyl group content determination to calculate the amount of cross-linking agent after elaborating the curing essence of silicone paint under the action of catalysis , and provides the theoretical basis of fixing the amoount of cross-linking agent accurately and quantitatively. At the same time, the structure of coating film is studied by the use of photoelectronic spectromenter and some other modern technology, and verified in theory. At last, this paper analyses the layer structure and the relationship between it and the coating properties.展开更多
This work was made to investigate how nucleation and growth behavior of the coating film were affected by surface topographies of Mg–Al–Zn alloy substrate during the initial stage of plasma electrolytic oxidation(PE...This work was made to investigate how nucleation and growth behavior of the coating film were affected by surface topographies of Mg–Al–Zn alloy substrate during the initial stage of plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO).To satisfy this end,a single substrate was prepared by mechanical treatment exhibiting rough and smooth regions with an equal area on the surface.The rough region with prominent hills and grooves induced the breakdown of passive film,which was indicated by an early appearance of plasma discharge on the rough region since nucleation of coating film occurred preferentially around the hills.However,the coating film grown on the grooves was somewhat thicker and more porous than the film grown on the hills and smooth regions.This was due to the fact that the growth of the coating film was found to be localized in the presence of rough region,which was in line with the discharge activities.Herein,the nucleation and growth behavior during the initial stage of PEO will be discussed schematically on the basis of microstructural interpretation.展开更多
Premature failure of coated tool often results from a poor adhesion of coating-substrate and shortens the lifetime of the tool. The results of increasing the adhesion strength of thin film coatings on cutting tool ins...Premature failure of coated tool often results from a poor adhesion of coating-substrate and shortens the lifetime of the tool. The results of increasing the adhesion strength of thin film coatings on cutting tool inserts by pretreating the inserts with sandblasting technique to obtain a desirable surface morphology of the inserts are presented. A geometric model representing the ideal surface morphology is established to enhance the nucleation density and adhesion strength of coating-substrate. Thin film coating experiment is conducted on the substrates of four different sample groups. Indentation and wear tests are performed on coated inserts to evaluate the effect of sandblasting on the adhesion strength of the coatings. A theoretical analysis is provided on the formation and growth of atom clusters in terms of the contact angle and the thermodynamic barrier of a substrate to predict thin film nucleation.展开更多
4月7日,SJR期刊排名(Scimago Journal&Country Rank)2024版发布,《电化学(中英文)》(Journal of Electrochemistry,J.Electrochem.)首次进入Materials Science学科Surfaces,Coatings and Films类别Q1区。SJR排名指标依据Scopus数据...4月7日,SJR期刊排名(Scimago Journal&Country Rank)2024版发布,《电化学(中英文)》(Journal of Electrochemistry,J.Electrochem.)首次进入Materials Science学科Surfaces,Coatings and Films类别Q1区。SJR排名指标依据Scopus数据库(Elsevier B.V.)中的数据计算得出.。展开更多
The onset of instability with respect to the spatio-temporally growing disturbance in a viscosity-stratified two-layer liquid film flow is analyzed. The known results obtained from the temporal theory of instability s...The onset of instability with respect to the spatio-temporally growing disturbance in a viscosity-stratified two-layer liquid film flow is analyzed. The known results obtained from the temporal theory of instability show that the flow is unstable in the limit of zero Reynolds numbers. The present theory predicts the neutral stability in the same limit. The discrepancy is explained. Based on the mechanical energy equation, a new mechanism of instability is found. The new mechanism is associated with the convective nature of the disturbance that is not Galilei invariant.展开更多
A nanostructured ternary coating of Ti/（Ru ＋ Ti ＋ Ce）O2 was prepared by the conventional electrodeposition on the titanium substrate as the cathode with different numbers of coating layers. The main objective of t...A nanostructured ternary coating of Ti/（Ru ＋ Ti ＋ Ce）O2 was prepared by the conventional electrodeposition on the titanium substrate as the cathode with different numbers of coating layers. The main objective of this work was to study nanostructured coatings of ceramic materials. For this purpose, the amount of precursor materials in the electrolyte was a variable parameter. Furthermore, the salt of TiCl4/RuCl3·xH2 O/Ce（NO3）3·6 H2 O with different amounts, hydrogen peroxide, methanol, and distilled water were used as an aqueousunaqueous bath. In addition, the coated samples were put to heat at 300, 450, 650, and 850℃ in an electric furnace for1 h. The crystalline phase of the coating was characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The chemical composition and microstructure of the coating were studied using energydispersive spectroscopy（EDS） and scanning electron microscopy analysis（SEM）. Moreover, the electrochemical measurement of Ti/（Ru ＋ Ti ＋ Ce）O2 coatings was carried out. Results show that with the increase in the number of coating layers, the quality of morphology is improved.Then, the best quality of coatings is obtained at six layers on the titanium substrate with electrolyte including TiO2/RuO2/CeO2 with the molar ratio of 70：5：25 after heat treatment at 450 ℃ for 1 h. Besides,with the increase in Ce02 content from 5 wt% to 25 wt% and the number of coating layers, higher thickness of about（20.0±0.1） μm and minimum over potential for chlorine evolution were obtained.展开更多
Silica is one of the most commonly used materials for dielectric layer in organic thin-film transistors due to its excellent stability, excellent electrical properties, mature preparation process, and good compatibili...Silica is one of the most commonly used materials for dielectric layer in organic thin-film transistors due to its excellent stability, excellent electrical properties, mature preparation process, and good compatibility with organic semiconductors. However, most of conventional preparation methods for silica film are generally performed at high temperature and/or high vacuum. In this paper, we introduce a simple solution spin-coating method to fabricate silica thin film from precursor route, which possesses a low leakage current, high capacitance, and low surface roughness. The silica thin film can be produced in the condition of low temperature and atmospheric environment. To meet various demands, the thickness of film can be adjusted by means of preparation conditions such as the speed of spin-coating and the concentration of solution. The p-type and n-type organic field effect transistors fabricated by using this film as gate electrodes exhibit excellent electrical performance including low voltage and high performance. This method shows great potential for industrialization owing to its characteristic of low consumption and energy saving, time-saving and easy to operate.展开更多
We reported a facile and bio-inspired strategy for obtaining antireflective （AR） coating through polymerization-induced self-wrinkling. Upon irradiation of light, the complex wrinkle micro-patterns with different mo...We reported a facile and bio-inspired strategy for obtaining antireflective （AR） coating through polymerization-induced self-wrinkling. Upon irradiation of light, the complex wrinkle micro-patterns with different morphologies were generated spontaneously on the surface of coating during photo-cross- linking, which enables the photo-curing coating can decrease reflection. The resulting photo-curing coating exhibits a high transmittance over 90% and low reflection below 5% ～ 8%, with an efficiency anti- reflection of 4% ～ 7%; compared to the flat blank coating. The successful application of these AR coatings with wrinkles pattern to encapsulate the thin film solar cells results in appreciable photovoltaic performance improvement of more than 4% ～ 8%, which benefits from the decrease of the light reflection and increase of optical paths in the photoactive layer by the introduction of wrinkling pattern. Furthermore, the efficiency improvements of the solar cells are more obvious, with a remarkable increase of 8.5%, at oblique light incident angle than that with vertical light incident angle展开更多
To obtain the influence rules of the coating parameters of a long-period fiber grating(LPFG)with respect to temperature,strain and refractive index sensing properties,based on the mode coupling theory,a strict four-la...To obtain the influence rules of the coating parameters of a long-period fiber grating(LPFG)with respect to temperature,strain and refractive index sensing properties,based on the mode coupling theory,a strict four-layer theorietical model of a metal film coated LPFG is established,and these parameters that affect the spectral characteristics of the metal film coated LPFG are studied.The simulation results show that there is an optimal metal film thickness on the surface of the LPFG that will induce the surface-plasmon resonance(SP R)effect,which results in higher sensitivity to the environmental temperature and refractive index but has little influence on the strain There is theoretical evidence that when the silver thickness is between0.8and1.2nm,the refractive index sensitivity will reach the peak point of42.4026,at which the refractive index sensor sensitivity is increased by4.S%.The theoretical results of coating a long-period fiber grating provide a good theoretical basis and guidance for LPFG design and parameters optimization展开更多
The rapid development of industrialization necessitates advancements in nanomaterials.Black phospho-rus(BP)nanosheets have garnered extensive attention due to their highly anisotropic optoelectronic properties,high ca...The rapid development of industrialization necessitates advancements in nanomaterials.Black phospho-rus(BP)nanosheets have garnered extensive attention due to their highly anisotropic optoelectronic properties,high carrier mobility,and excellent mechanical properties.These unique attributes make BP nanosheets advantageous in various research fields.Combining BP nanosheets with polymers results in functional coatings and films with flame retardancy,antibacterial properties,wear resistance,and cor-rosion resistance.In this review,we first introduce various preparation methods for BP nanosheets.We discuss the degradation mechanisms of BP nanosheets and the passivation techniques employed to en-hance their environmental stability.Subsequently,we provide a detailed and comprehensive review of the applications of BP nanosheets in polymer coatings and films.Finally,we outline the development challenges and future research opportunities for BP-based polymer coatings and films.This article aims to summarize existing research and provide objective insights,serving as a constructive reference for the advancement of modern multifunctional polymer coatings and films.展开更多
The incorporation of natural active components into edible films and coatings adds value to them by modifying the film characteristics in terms of physical,functional as well as bioactive properties.Till date,a wide v...The incorporation of natural active components into edible films and coatings adds value to them by modifying the film characteristics in terms of physical,functional as well as bioactive properties.Till date,a wide variety of natural additives(glucosides,polysaccharides,phytosterols,phenolic acids,esters,carotenoids,tannins,alkaloids,anthocyanins,flavonoids,terpenoids,caffeic acid,other organic acids)have been used which are extracted from plants,herbs,spices,seeds,fruits,vegetables etc.The additives developed using active components from natural sources have overcome the adverse effects caused by synthetic additives on human health.These active coatings minimize the surface proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms and prevent food deterioration.The biopolymeric base of edible films/coatings incorporated with the natural active component can be formed of chitosan,hydroxypropyl methylcellulose,sodium benzoate,gelatin,pectin etc.From an economical perspective,the recent trend has also shifted towards the utilization of biowaste and bio residues obtained from the food industry for the extraction of natural active components and their application which will help in meeting the increased demand for healthy foods,well-being,achieving sustainable development goal of zero hunger as well as aid in cutting down the high cost.Thus,more research is required in the exploration,extraction and successful utilization of natural active components in edible films/coatings which will prove to be beneficial for researchers,industrialists and consumers.This review encompasses several aspects related to different types of active components used as natural additives,the interaction of additives with films/coatings,their pharmacological properties,extraction techniques,safety recommendations and applications.展开更多
The scaling relationships of elastic-perfectly plastic film/coating materials during sharp indentation have been obtained using dimensional analysis and finite-element modeling. Besides the bulk substrate materials, a...The scaling relationships of elastic-perfectly plastic film/coating materials during sharp indentation have been obtained using dimensional analysis and finite-element modeling. Besides the bulk substrate materials, a wide range of film/coating materials with different ratios in term of the Young’s modulus and yield strength were examined, namely different values of Ef/Esand Yf/Es.Based on these scaling relationships, the substrate effects on indentation response and deformed surface profile of residual imprint are given. Furthermore, the scaling relationship among the work of indentation, reduced elastic modulus and hardness has been found. It is found that the ratio of the indentation hardness to measurement of substrate elastic modulus could be used to characterize the wear resistance of film/coating materials. In addition, a novel method to acquire the intrinsic hardness and elastic modulus of film/coating materials is proposed combined with the well-known 10% critical indentation depth rule, which avoids the error caused by estimating the contact area. This work could be contributed for characterizing the mechanical properties of film/coating materials at micro-and nanoscale.展开更多
A cyanine dye, 2-[7-（1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene）-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium iodide （NK-125）, is doped in 4-cyano-4＇-pentylbiphenyl （5 CB）, and the mixture is sandwiched ...A cyanine dye, 2-[7-（1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene）-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium iodide （NK-125）, is doped in 4-cyano-4＇-pentylbiphenyl （5 CB）, and the mixture is sandwiched between two pieces of rubbed glass plates. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of the oriented NK-125-SCB layers are measured by the resonant femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） technique at 760 nm. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of one of the present samples is 5.5×10^-8 esu. The slow DFWM response of the NK-125-SCB layers due to a population grating is accelerated by the increasing laser power because of amplified spontaneous emission （ASE）. On the other hand, we do not observe a similar phenomenon for NK-125- polyethylene glycol （PEG-400）. Oriented NK-125 molecules in nematic liquid crystals must have very high ASE efficiency. Hence the population grating in a DFWM signal disappears within about 4 ps. It is expected that NK-125-SCB can be used as a material for very fast all-optical switching.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81202476)Medical Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(B2012079).
文摘Film coating is an important unit operation to produce solid dosage forms,thereby,the monitoring of this process is helpful to find problems in time and improve the quality of coated products.Traditional methods adopted to monitor this process include measurement of coating weight gain,performance of disintegration and dissolution test,etc.However,not only do these methods cause destruction to the samples,but also consume time and energy.There have recently emerged the applications of process analytical technologies(PAT)on film coating,especially some novel spectroscopic and imaging technologies,which have the potential to real-time track the progress in film coating and optimize production efficiency.This article gives an overview on the application of such technologies for film coating,with the goal to provide a reference for the further researches.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.J2019-VI-0015-0130)the Shaanxi Provincial Innovative Talent Promotion Plan Youth Science and Technology New Star Project(Talent)(No.2023KJXX-075)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities Project(No.23JP072).
文摘The semi-transparency to thermal radiation,coupled with low nanoparticle retention and formation of semi-melted particles during plasma spraying,significantly limits the hightemperature application of nanostructured yttria stabilized zirconia(YSZ)(nYSZ)thermal barrier coatings.To address these challenges,this study introduces an innovative approach that involves coating nanoparticles with carbon films to prevent them from melting and merging during the plasma spraying process.This method substantially increases the nanoparticle content within the coating,and nanopores formed at the nanoparticle surfaces when the carbon film is removed at 800℃.These nanopores,in combination with nanoparticles,enhance thermal radiation scattering,improving the scattering coefficient and thermal radiation blocking capability of the coating.In contrast to that of conventional thermal barrier coatings(TBCs)of YSZ,the simulated temperature of the substrate under service conditions decreases by up to 26.26 K due to decreased radiative heat transfer and by 111.2 K when the thermal conductivity is reduced.Additionally,the scattering coefficients remain stable within the 1-5μm range even after heat treatment at 1300°C for 100 h,as the coarsened nanoparticle size approaches the wavelength of thermal radiation.Thus,nYSZ TBCs with enhanced thermal radiation blocking ability and high temperature stability can be created by this approach for higher temperature applications.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （2007AA030303）, the National Basic Research Program of China （2009CB623400） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20776067）.
文摘Ceramic capillary membrane has received much attention due to its relatively high pack density and favorable mechanical strength.However,it is difficult to prepare capillary membrane on its thin support by a dip-coating method.In this study,alumina microfiltration membranes were prepared on the inner surface of alumina capillary support(outer diameter 4 mm,inner diameter 2.5 mm)by a dip-coating method.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)observation,gas bubble pressure(GBP)method and membrane permeation test were carried out to evaluate membrane performance.Two major effects in preparation of crack-free membrane,capillary filtration and film-coating,upon the thin support were studied.The as-prepared crack-free membrane presents a narrow pore size distribution,a mean pore size of about 0.6μm and a high pure water flux of 86000 L·m -2 ·h -1 ·MPa.It is proved that the membrane thickness should be sufficiently large to overcome the defects of support surface,but it is only one of the prerequisites for the formation of crack-free membrane.Furthermore,it is demonstrated that the capillary filtration effect is greatly restricted for thin capillary support with the dip-coating method and the film-coating effect plays a crucial role in the formation of crack-free membrane.
文摘A simple method of carbon film coating used in CdZnTe crystal growth was developed. The optimum parameters were selected. Breakdown of carbon film was commonly seen if Cd reservoir was not used in the crystal growth. The carbon film was in good condition when the vapor pressure of Cd was kept around 0.1 MPa during crystal growth.
文摘Hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon （DLC） thin films were deposited at low temperature （less than 100~C） by an RF magne- tron sputtering facility. DLC films have the ability to change the sound velocity （E/p） in loudspeakers for applications of hard coating. The hydrogen-free DLC films were coated onto PEI diaphragm substrates. The ID/IG ratio and the surface roughness are 2.09 and less than 0.86 nm （Ra） with a scanning area of 50 um x 50 um, respectively. Frequency response analysis of the DLC films on the diaphragm shows that the high frequency response increases by 0.2 dB-5.1 dB （6 kHz-ll.2 kHz）, -0.4 dB-1.8 dB （11.8 kHz-20 kHz） on average. On the basis of the results of this study, we validated that it was feasible to sputter hydrogen-free DLC films on polymer substrates for mass production. These results also provided useful parameters for future applications of electro-acoustic devices.
基金supported by two research grants(R202007 and R202107)from BNU-HKBU United International College,China.
文摘Sea bass(Lateolabrax maculatus)is one of the important seafood in China.Its shelf-life under refrigerated storage exponentially deteriorate due to the growth of spoilage microorganisms,protein degradation and lipid oxidation.In this study,4 coating materials namely,konjac glucomannan-whey protein isolate(KGM-WPI)film,chitosan-sweet potato starch(CHI-SPS)film,chitosan-bamboo fungus(CHI-BF)film,and chitosan-boehmite alumina(CHI-BAH)have been explored to enhance the shelf life of sea bass during 8 days of refrigerated storage.Overall,CHI-BF was observed to be best in retaining hardness,gumminess and maintaining total volatile basic nitrogen value.Whereas CHI-SPS was found to retain chewiness and maintain lower values for drip loss and peroxide value.CHI-BAH coating was observed to maintain the lower values for pH and EC values of sea bass under refrigerated storage.However,the least increase in total viable count and minimum change in b^(*)value was observed in the case of sea bass coated with KGM-WPI.The current research fi ndings provide a new practical storage method for the entire fresh fish.The fresh fish can be coated with different coating materials and store on the ice at 4℃without packaging during retailing.These film coated whole fresh fish retains its microbial and sensory quality.
文摘This review covers the recent developments in the field of biobased packaging materials. Special emphasis is placed on the barrier properties, which are crucial in terms of food packaging. The state-of-the-art of several biopolymers including pectin, starch, chitosan, xylan, galactoglucomannan, lignin and cellulose nanofibrils is discussed. As in most cases the packaging related properties of single layer biopolymer films are inadequate, the thin film coatings, such as sol-gel and ALD (atomic layer deposition), as well as the multilayer coatings are also briefly touched.
文摘This paper puts forward the two methods of weightlessness and alkoxyl group content determination to calculate the amount of cross-linking agent after elaborating the curing essence of silicone paint under the action of catalysis , and provides the theoretical basis of fixing the amoount of cross-linking agent accurately and quantitatively. At the same time, the structure of coating film is studied by the use of photoelectronic spectromenter and some other modern technology, and verified in theory. At last, this paper analyses the layer structure and the relationship between it and the coating properties.
基金supported by the Mid-Level Researcher National Project of the National Research Foundation(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT,Republic of Korea(NRF-2020R1A2C2004192)supported partly by the Competency Development Program for Industry Specialist of the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry,and Energy,Republic of Korea(P0002019)。
文摘This work was made to investigate how nucleation and growth behavior of the coating film were affected by surface topographies of Mg–Al–Zn alloy substrate during the initial stage of plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO).To satisfy this end,a single substrate was prepared by mechanical treatment exhibiting rough and smooth regions with an equal area on the surface.The rough region with prominent hills and grooves induced the breakdown of passive film,which was indicated by an early appearance of plasma discharge on the rough region since nucleation of coating film occurred preferentially around the hills.However,the coating film grown on the grooves was somewhat thicker and more porous than the film grown on the hills and smooth regions.This was due to the fact that the growth of the coating film was found to be localized in the presence of rough region,which was in line with the discharge activities.Herein,the nucleation and growth behavior during the initial stage of PEO will be discussed schematically on the basis of microstructural interpretation.
基金This project is Supported by National Science Foundation of China (No.59475090)National Science Foundation of USA (No.DDM-93-9669)
文摘Premature failure of coated tool often results from a poor adhesion of coating-substrate and shortens the lifetime of the tool. The results of increasing the adhesion strength of thin film coatings on cutting tool inserts by pretreating the inserts with sandblasting technique to obtain a desirable surface morphology of the inserts are presented. A geometric model representing the ideal surface morphology is established to enhance the nucleation density and adhesion strength of coating-substrate. Thin film coating experiment is conducted on the substrates of four different sample groups. Indentation and wear tests are performed on coated inserts to evaluate the effect of sandblasting on the adhesion strength of the coatings. A theoretical analysis is provided on the formation and growth of atom clusters in terms of the contact angle and the thermodynamic barrier of a substrate to predict thin film nucleation.
文摘4月7日,SJR期刊排名(Scimago Journal&Country Rank)2024版发布,《电化学(中英文)》(Journal of Electrochemistry,J.Electrochem.)首次进入Materials Science学科Surfaces,Coatings and Films类别Q1区。SJR排名指标依据Scopus数据库(Elsevier B.V.)中的数据计算得出.。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10702038 and 10772107)the National Science Foundation of USA (No. CTS-0138057)the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (No. Y0103)
文摘The onset of instability with respect to the spatio-temporally growing disturbance in a viscosity-stratified two-layer liquid film flow is analyzed. The known results obtained from the temporal theory of instability show that the flow is unstable in the limit of zero Reynolds numbers. The present theory predicts the neutral stability in the same limit. The discrepancy is explained. Based on the mechanical energy equation, a new mechanism of instability is found. The new mechanism is associated with the convective nature of the disturbance that is not Galilei invariant.
基金financially supported by the Semnan University Foundation of Iran
文摘A nanostructured ternary coating of Ti/（Ru ＋ Ti ＋ Ce）O2 was prepared by the conventional electrodeposition on the titanium substrate as the cathode with different numbers of coating layers. The main objective of this work was to study nanostructured coatings of ceramic materials. For this purpose, the amount of precursor materials in the electrolyte was a variable parameter. Furthermore, the salt of TiCl4/RuCl3·xH2 O/Ce（NO3）3·6 H2 O with different amounts, hydrogen peroxide, methanol, and distilled water were used as an aqueousunaqueous bath. In addition, the coated samples were put to heat at 300, 450, 650, and 850℃ in an electric furnace for1 h. The crystalline phase of the coating was characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The chemical composition and microstructure of the coating were studied using energydispersive spectroscopy（EDS） and scanning electron microscopy analysis（SEM）. Moreover, the electrochemical measurement of Ti/（Ru ＋ Ti ＋ Ce）O2 coatings was carried out. Results show that with the increase in the number of coating layers, the quality of morphology is improved.Then, the best quality of coatings is obtained at six layers on the titanium substrate with electrolyte including TiO2/RuO2/CeO2 with the molar ratio of 70：5：25 after heat treatment at 450 ℃ for 1 h. Besides,with the increase in Ce02 content from 5 wt% to 25 wt% and the number of coating layers, higher thickness of about（20.0±0.1） μm and minimum over potential for chlorine evolution were obtained.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21573277, 51503221)National Key Research and Development Program (No. 2016YFA0200700)+2 种基金Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. QYZDB-SSW-SLH031)Natural Sciences Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20150368),Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia of China (No. 2014JQ02)
文摘Silica is one of the most commonly used materials for dielectric layer in organic thin-film transistors due to its excellent stability, excellent electrical properties, mature preparation process, and good compatibility with organic semiconductors. However, most of conventional preparation methods for silica film are generally performed at high temperature and/or high vacuum. In this paper, we introduce a simple solution spin-coating method to fabricate silica thin film from precursor route, which possesses a low leakage current, high capacitance, and low surface roughness. The silica thin film can be produced in the condition of low temperature and atmospheric environment. To meet various demands, the thickness of film can be adjusted by means of preparation conditions such as the speed of spin-coating and the concentration of solution. The p-type and n-type organic field effect transistors fabricated by using this film as gate electrodes exhibit excellent electrical performance including low voltage and high performance. This method shows great potential for industrialization owing to its characteristic of low consumption and energy saving, time-saving and easy to operate.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21522403, 51373098)the National Basic Research Program (No. 2013CB834506)+1 种基金Education Commission of Shanghai Municipal Government (No. 15SG13)IFPM 2016B002 of Shanghai Jiao Tong University & Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus for their financial support
文摘We reported a facile and bio-inspired strategy for obtaining antireflective （AR） coating through polymerization-induced self-wrinkling. Upon irradiation of light, the complex wrinkle micro-patterns with different morphologies were generated spontaneously on the surface of coating during photo-cross- linking, which enables the photo-curing coating can decrease reflection. The resulting photo-curing coating exhibits a high transmittance over 90% and low reflection below 5% ～ 8%, with an efficiency anti- reflection of 4% ～ 7%; compared to the flat blank coating. The successful application of these AR coatings with wrinkles pattern to encapsulate the thin film solar cells results in appreciable photovoltaic performance improvement of more than 4% ～ 8%, which benefits from the decrease of the light reflection and increase of optical paths in the photoactive layer by the introduction of wrinkling pattern. Furthermore, the efficiency improvements of the solar cells are more obvious, with a remarkable increase of 8.5%, at oblique light incident angle than that with vertical light incident angle
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51309001)Scientific Research Key Project of Anhui Province(No.KJ2017A041)
文摘To obtain the influence rules of the coating parameters of a long-period fiber grating(LPFG)with respect to temperature,strain and refractive index sensing properties,based on the mode coupling theory,a strict four-layer theorietical model of a metal film coated LPFG is established,and these parameters that affect the spectral characteristics of the metal film coated LPFG are studied.The simulation results show that there is an optimal metal film thickness on the surface of the LPFG that will induce the surface-plasmon resonance(SP R)effect,which results in higher sensitivity to the environmental temperature and refractive index but has little influence on the strain There is theoretical evidence that when the silver thickness is between0.8and1.2nm,the refractive index sensitivity will reach the peak point of42.4026,at which the refractive index sensor sensitivity is increased by4.S%.The theoretical results of coating a long-period fiber grating provide a good theoretical basis and guidance for LPFG design and parameters optimization
基金supported by the Science and Tech-nology Program of Guangzhou(No.2024A04J3710)the Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22268025)We would like to thank Ms.Yu Chen at the Analysis and Test Center of the Guangdong University of Technology for their assistance with scanning probe microscopy。
文摘The rapid development of industrialization necessitates advancements in nanomaterials.Black phospho-rus(BP)nanosheets have garnered extensive attention due to their highly anisotropic optoelectronic properties,high carrier mobility,and excellent mechanical properties.These unique attributes make BP nanosheets advantageous in various research fields.Combining BP nanosheets with polymers results in functional coatings and films with flame retardancy,antibacterial properties,wear resistance,and cor-rosion resistance.In this review,we first introduce various preparation methods for BP nanosheets.We discuss the degradation mechanisms of BP nanosheets and the passivation techniques employed to en-hance their environmental stability.Subsequently,we provide a detailed and comprehensive review of the applications of BP nanosheets in polymer coatings and films.Finally,we outline the development challenges and future research opportunities for BP-based polymer coatings and films.This article aims to summarize existing research and provide objective insights,serving as a constructive reference for the advancement of modern multifunctional polymer coatings and films.
文摘The incorporation of natural active components into edible films and coatings adds value to them by modifying the film characteristics in terms of physical,functional as well as bioactive properties.Till date,a wide variety of natural additives(glucosides,polysaccharides,phytosterols,phenolic acids,esters,carotenoids,tannins,alkaloids,anthocyanins,flavonoids,terpenoids,caffeic acid,other organic acids)have been used which are extracted from plants,herbs,spices,seeds,fruits,vegetables etc.The additives developed using active components from natural sources have overcome the adverse effects caused by synthetic additives on human health.These active coatings minimize the surface proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms and prevent food deterioration.The biopolymeric base of edible films/coatings incorporated with the natural active component can be formed of chitosan,hydroxypropyl methylcellulose,sodium benzoate,gelatin,pectin etc.From an economical perspective,the recent trend has also shifted towards the utilization of biowaste and bio residues obtained from the food industry for the extraction of natural active components and their application which will help in meeting the increased demand for healthy foods,well-being,achieving sustainable development goal of zero hunger as well as aid in cutting down the high cost.Thus,more research is required in the exploration,extraction and successful utilization of natural active components in edible films/coatings which will prove to be beneficial for researchers,industrialists and consumers.This review encompasses several aspects related to different types of active components used as natural additives,the interaction of additives with films/coatings,their pharmacological properties,extraction techniques,safety recommendations and applications.
基金the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.51925504)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFF01012400)+3 种基金the National Science and Technology Innovation Leading Academic(Ten Thousand Talent Program)the National Defense Science and Technology Bureau Project(Grant No.JSJL2018110A001)the Pre-research of Equipment of the General Armaments Department(Grant No.41422050301)the Graduate Innovation Fund of Jilin University(Grant No.101832020CX103)。
文摘The scaling relationships of elastic-perfectly plastic film/coating materials during sharp indentation have been obtained using dimensional analysis and finite-element modeling. Besides the bulk substrate materials, a wide range of film/coating materials with different ratios in term of the Young’s modulus and yield strength were examined, namely different values of Ef/Esand Yf/Es.Based on these scaling relationships, the substrate effects on indentation response and deformed surface profile of residual imprint are given. Furthermore, the scaling relationship among the work of indentation, reduced elastic modulus and hardness has been found. It is found that the ratio of the indentation hardness to measurement of substrate elastic modulus could be used to characterize the wear resistance of film/coating materials. In addition, a novel method to acquire the intrinsic hardness and elastic modulus of film/coating materials is proposed combined with the well-known 10% critical indentation depth rule, which avoids the error caused by estimating the contact area. This work could be contributed for characterizing the mechanical properties of film/coating materials at micro-and nanoscale.
文摘A cyanine dye, 2-[7-（1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene）-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium iodide （NK-125）, is doped in 4-cyano-4＇-pentylbiphenyl （5 CB）, and the mixture is sandwiched between two pieces of rubbed glass plates. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of the oriented NK-125-SCB layers are measured by the resonant femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） technique at 760 nm. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of one of the present samples is 5.5×10^-8 esu. The slow DFWM response of the NK-125-SCB layers due to a population grating is accelerated by the increasing laser power because of amplified spontaneous emission （ASE）. On the other hand, we do not observe a similar phenomenon for NK-125- polyethylene glycol （PEG-400）. Oriented NK-125 molecules in nematic liquid crystals must have very high ASE efficiency. Hence the population grating in a DFWM signal disappears within about 4 ps. It is expected that NK-125-SCB can be used as a material for very fast all-optical switching.
