为比较我国不同栽培方式(露地与设施)及不同省份番茄生产的温室气体排放差异,基于生命周期法,遵循农田生态系统的全环式路径,根据《全国农产品成本收益资料汇编—2020》数据,对我国露地与设施番茄的温室气体排放及碳评价指标进行了测算...为比较我国不同栽培方式(露地与设施)及不同省份番茄生产的温室气体排放差异,基于生命周期法,遵循农田生态系统的全环式路径,根据《全国农产品成本收益资料汇编—2020》数据,对我国露地与设施番茄的温室气体排放及碳评价指标进行了测算和比较分析。结果显示:我国露地、设施番茄生产系统的平均温室气体排放量分别为4630.09、8697.52 kg CO_(2)e·hm^(-2),设施比露地高87.85%;露地番茄的主要温室气体排放源为化肥,而设施番茄的主要温室气体排放源为农膜和化肥;露地番茄的净温室气体排放为负、碳生态效率大于1,对生态环境具有正外部性,而设施番茄的净温室气体排放为正、碳生态效率小于1,具有负环境外部性;土地碳强度、碳生产效率、碳经济效率方面,设施种植的可持续性均低于露地种植。各省份露地、设施番茄温室气体排放量分别在2849.24~7524.61、5788.83~13779.69 kg CO_(2)e·hm^(-2)之间,最高省份分别是最低省份的2.64、2.38倍,露地、设施番茄的温室气体排放、构成、固碳量、碳生态效率、碳生产效率、碳经济效率均存在显著的省际差异。研究表明:我国番茄生产的温室气体排放具有显著的栽培方式差异和省间差异,针对露地番茄生产应优化化肥用量、提高化肥利用率,针对设施番茄生产除减少化肥使用量外,应推广使用增厚农膜,加大农膜回收力度,减少农膜用量。对于碳生态效率、经济效率都低的省份,重点开展产业结构和生产方式调整;对碳生态效率低、但碳经济效率高的省份,注重开发绿色生产技术,挖掘节能减排潜力;对碳生态效率高、但碳经济效率低的省份,注重品牌打造,以提升价格和效益;对碳生态效率、经济效率都高的省份,加大支持力度,打造番茄优势产区。展开更多
The aim of this study was to test the impact of Rhizophagus irregularis, an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), on durum wheat growth and soil microbial functionalities in a field inoculation trial conducted in Moroc...The aim of this study was to test the impact of Rhizophagus irregularis, an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), on durum wheat growth and soil microbial functionalities in a field inoculation trial conducted in Morocco. The results showed that i) the R. irregularis inoculum effectively improved wheat growth, ii) wheat growth promotion depended on the soil mycorrhizal infectivity and iii) functional abilities of soil microflora depended on AMF inoculation. This study confirms that field AMF inoculation can be proposed as an effective agronomic practice in wheat production and as a sustainable cultural practice to manage soil biofunctioning. To fully promote inoculation practices, a better knowledge of AMF ecology has to be acquired to better adapt AMF inoculation to environmental conditions, and thus warrant better yields and agricultural sustainability.展开更多
Objective:To investigate antidiabetic efficacy of the extract of field grown and in vitro raised leaves of Solanum xanthocarpum(S.xanthocarpum) against alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods:The antidiabetic activity ...Objective:To investigate antidiabetic efficacy of the extract of field grown and in vitro raised leaves of Solanum xanthocarpum(S.xanthocarpum) against alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods:The antidiabetic activity of the crude methanol extracts of the field grown and in vitro raised leaves of S.xanthocarpum at different concentrations(100-200 mg/kg bw) was tested against alloxan induced diabetic rats.The antidiabetic efficacy was validated through various biochemical parameters and the antioxidant effect was also determined.The phytochemical analyses of field grown S.xanthocarpum and in vitro rasied 5.xanthocarpum leaves were done by estimating their chlorophyll,carotenoids,total sugar,protein,amino acid and minerals contents. Results:The results revealed that the methanol extracts of both the leaves(field grown and in vitro raised) of S.xanthocarpum was efficient anti hyperglycemic agents at a concentration of 200 mg/kg bw and posses potent antioxidant activity.However,the extracts of in vitro rasied S.xanthocarpum raised leaves exhibit higher efficacy than the field grown leaves in all tested concentrations.Proximal composition and mineral analysis of S.xanthocarpum revealed higher concentration of contents in in vitro rasied S.xanthocarpum than field grown S.xanthocarpum. Conclusions:From the results it can be concluded that the leaves extracts of S.xanthocarpum can be a potential candidate in treating the hyperglycemic conditions and suits to be an agent to reduce oxidative stress.展开更多
基金Project supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (grant No BK2006034)key project of Natural Science Foundation of Education Department, Jiangsu Province (grant No. 05KJA36012)
文摘为比较我国不同栽培方式(露地与设施)及不同省份番茄生产的温室气体排放差异,基于生命周期法,遵循农田生态系统的全环式路径,根据《全国农产品成本收益资料汇编—2020》数据,对我国露地与设施番茄的温室气体排放及碳评价指标进行了测算和比较分析。结果显示:我国露地、设施番茄生产系统的平均温室气体排放量分别为4630.09、8697.52 kg CO_(2)e·hm^(-2),设施比露地高87.85%;露地番茄的主要温室气体排放源为化肥,而设施番茄的主要温室气体排放源为农膜和化肥;露地番茄的净温室气体排放为负、碳生态效率大于1,对生态环境具有正外部性,而设施番茄的净温室气体排放为正、碳生态效率小于1,具有负环境外部性;土地碳强度、碳生产效率、碳经济效率方面,设施种植的可持续性均低于露地种植。各省份露地、设施番茄温室气体排放量分别在2849.24~7524.61、5788.83~13779.69 kg CO_(2)e·hm^(-2)之间,最高省份分别是最低省份的2.64、2.38倍,露地、设施番茄的温室气体排放、构成、固碳量、碳生态效率、碳生产效率、碳经济效率均存在显著的省际差异。研究表明:我国番茄生产的温室气体排放具有显著的栽培方式差异和省间差异,针对露地番茄生产应优化化肥用量、提高化肥利用率,针对设施番茄生产除减少化肥使用量外,应推广使用增厚农膜,加大农膜回收力度,减少农膜用量。对于碳生态效率、经济效率都低的省份,重点开展产业结构和生产方式调整;对碳生态效率低、但碳经济效率高的省份,注重开发绿色生产技术,挖掘节能减排潜力;对碳生态效率高、但碳经济效率低的省份,注重品牌打造,以提升价格和效益;对碳生态效率、经济效率都高的省份,加大支持力度,打造番茄优势产区。
文摘The aim of this study was to test the impact of Rhizophagus irregularis, an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), on durum wheat growth and soil microbial functionalities in a field inoculation trial conducted in Morocco. The results showed that i) the R. irregularis inoculum effectively improved wheat growth, ii) wheat growth promotion depended on the soil mycorrhizal infectivity and iii) functional abilities of soil microflora depended on AMF inoculation. This study confirms that field AMF inoculation can be proposed as an effective agronomic practice in wheat production and as a sustainable cultural practice to manage soil biofunctioning. To fully promote inoculation practices, a better knowledge of AMF ecology has to be acquired to better adapt AMF inoculation to environmental conditions, and thus warrant better yields and agricultural sustainability.
文摘Objective:To investigate antidiabetic efficacy of the extract of field grown and in vitro raised leaves of Solanum xanthocarpum(S.xanthocarpum) against alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods:The antidiabetic activity of the crude methanol extracts of the field grown and in vitro raised leaves of S.xanthocarpum at different concentrations(100-200 mg/kg bw) was tested against alloxan induced diabetic rats.The antidiabetic efficacy was validated through various biochemical parameters and the antioxidant effect was also determined.The phytochemical analyses of field grown S.xanthocarpum and in vitro rasied 5.xanthocarpum leaves were done by estimating their chlorophyll,carotenoids,total sugar,protein,amino acid and minerals contents. Results:The results revealed that the methanol extracts of both the leaves(field grown and in vitro raised) of S.xanthocarpum was efficient anti hyperglycemic agents at a concentration of 200 mg/kg bw and posses potent antioxidant activity.However,the extracts of in vitro rasied S.xanthocarpum raised leaves exhibit higher efficacy than the field grown leaves in all tested concentrations.Proximal composition and mineral analysis of S.xanthocarpum revealed higher concentration of contents in in vitro rasied S.xanthocarpum than field grown S.xanthocarpum. Conclusions:From the results it can be concluded that the leaves extracts of S.xanthocarpum can be a potential candidate in treating the hyperglycemic conditions and suits to be an agent to reduce oxidative stress.
